Respiratory By: Shelby Drews, Mickey Drewy, & Meghan Darst.
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Transcript of Respiratory By: Shelby Drews, Mickey Drewy, & Meghan Darst.
Nasal Cavity
Nose
Mouth
Bronchus
Bronchiole
Alveolus
Diaphragm
Throat
(pharynx)
Windpipe (Trachea)
Left lungs
Ribs
The Anatomy & Physiology
Nose & Nasal Cavity • Main external
opening of the respiratory system
• The Nose is made up of cartilage, bone, and skin
• Nasal cavity is just a hollow space
• The nose actually provides support and protection to the nasal cavity
• The cavity is lined with mucus to trap dirt and other particles before they go into the body
• The cold air from outside is warmed in the nasal cavity before breathing it in.
The Anatomy & Physiology
Mouth
• Only other external component part of the respiratory system
• Lacks hairs and mucus membranes that keep out of particles
• Also warms and moisturizes air
The Anatomy & Physiology
Pharynx• AKA the Throat • Resembles a funnel made
out of mucus • Acts as an intermediary
between nasal cavity, larynx, esophagus, and lungs
• Epiglottis switches across between esophagus and trachea ( trachea is where air goes and food goes to the esophagus)
The Anatomy & Physiology
Larynx • AKA your voice box• Connects the
laryngopharynx to the trachea
• Includes epiglottis and thyroid cartilage
• Adams Apple
The Anatomy & Physiology
Trachea • AKA the windpipe • Tube-shaped, 5inches in
diameter• Lined with C Shaped rings
to keep it open • Allowed to open end to
face the esophagus • Filters air before entering
the lungs
The Anatomy & Physiology
Bronchi • 2 primary bronchi run into
each of the lungs & then branch off into secondary and tertiary bronchi
• Secondary bronchi carry air to the lobes of the lungs
• Tertiary bronchi split into what looks like a tree and spread out throughout the lungs into smaller sections called bronchioles
• Bronchioles split into thermal bronchioles
• Conduct the air to the lungs alveoli
• Ensures air from the trachea reaches all sections of the lungs
The Anatomy & Physiology
Lungs • Surrounds by a membrane
that allows them to have enough space when they fill the air
• Left lung is smaller with only 2 lobes since it is closer to the heart; right lung is bigger and has 3 lobes
• Resembles a sponge made up of millions of alveoli
• Because of the alveoli the air that goes through them can exchange gases with the blood
The Anatomy & Physiology
The Diaphragm Fun Fact: The body takes in and breathes out about 10 liters of air each minute
The muscle membrane that helps you breath in and out by changing the pressure in your chest cavity
The Anatomy & Physiology
Asthma Inflames bronchial tubes Triggers:
pollen, smoke, animal fur, etc. Symptoms:
wheezing, nonstop coughing, shortness of breath, & tightness in chest
Inherited & prefers males Treatment:
Glucocorticoids (asthma medicine)
Common Disorders
Cystic Fibrosis Chronic, Inherited (recessive gene) Affects secretory cells in lungs,
pancreas, sweat glands & salivary glands Mucus, sweat and digestive juices
Symptoms: Excess mucus, coughing blood, diabetes,
delayed development, shortness of breath, constant infections
Life expectancy: 37 years
Common Disorders
Treatment No cure Prevention
Antibiotics, mucus-thinning drugs, breathing treatments, inflatable vest, oxygen therapy, lung transplant, feeding tube
Caregivers Help with feeding & exercise, treatments
and sometimes bedridden patients
Common Disorders
COPD Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Group of lung diseases that block airflow
and make it difficult to breathe Genetic & also acquired Symptoms:
Coughing, respiratory infections, hyperventilation, anxiety, tires easily, weight loss, fast heart rate
Common Disorders
COPD cont. 4th leading cause of death in U.S. Treatment:
No cure Lifestyle changes: better diet, quit
smoking, avoid lung irritants, breathing treatments, flu shots, oxygen therapy
Common Disorders
Respiratory System The respiratory system is a complex
biological system comprised of several organs that facilitate the inhalation and exhalation of oxygen and carbon dioxide in breathing organisms.
Comparing the simple, intermediate, and complex systems
• Sponges and jellyfish lack specialized organs for gas exchange and take in gases directly from the surrounding water. Flatworms and annelids use their outer surfaces as gas exchange surfaces. Arthropods, annelids, and fish use gills; terrestrial vertebrates utilize internal lungs
Lungs-Complex
Lungs are ingrowth of the body wall and connect to the outside by a series of tubes and small openings. Lungs are not entirely the sole property vertebrates, some terrestrial snails have a gas exchange structures similar to those in a frog.