RESEWAM-O - REmote SEnsing for WAter Remote Sensing for ...€¦ · RESEWAM-O - REmote SEnsing for...

RESEWAM-O - REmote SEnsing for WAter

Management Optimization (AG132)

Remote Sensing for

Water Management

Optimization E. Lopez-Baeza(1), F. Hernandez-Sancho(1), A. Pavia(1), E.

Loarte(1), M. Albacete(2), F. Bornez(3), C. Castañeda(4), L.

Chacon(5), J. Comas(6), C. Corticelli(7), K. Cross(8), T. Estrela(9), J.

Herrero(4), D. Iglesias(10), D. Intrigliolo(11), S. Khodayar(12), J.L.

Martinez(13), P.-P. Mathieu(14), R. Monjo i Agut(15), M.A.

Rodenas(16), A. Sebastian(17), J. Tamayo(18), I. Vassura(7), T.

Baur(19)

Contact:

Ernesto Lopez-Baeza <[email protected]>. University of

Valencia. Faculty of Physics. Dept Earth Physics &

Thermodynamics. Climatology from Satellites Group

mailto:[email protected]







1) University of Valencia (UVEG)

2) Entidad de Saneamiento y Depuración de la Región de Murcia [Entity for Water Sanitation

and Treatment of Murcia] (ESAMUR)

3) INDEFA Ingenieros S.L. (INDEFA)

4) Estación Experimental de Aula Dei [Experimental Agricultural Research Station Aula Dei]

(EEAD)

5) Instituto Andaluz de Tecnología [Andalucian Institute of Technology] (IAT)

6) University of Girona. LEQUIA Laboratory of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (UdG-

LEQUIA)

7) Università di Bologna. Department of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari” (UB)

8) International Water Association (IWA)

9) Confederación Hidrográfica del Júcar [Jucar River Basin Authority] (CHJ)

10) Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias [Valencian Institute for Agronomical

Research] (IVIA)

11) Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura [Center for Soil and Applied Biology]

(CEBAS-CSIC)

12) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-TRO)

(KIT)

13) Entidad Pública de Saneamiento de Aguas Residuales [Public Entity for Waste Water

Sanitation] (EPSAR)

14) European Space Agency (ESA)

15) Fundación para la Investigación del Clima [Climate Research Foundation] (FIC)

16) Confederación Hidrográfica del Segura [Segura River Basin Authority] (CHS)

17) GMV Innovating Solutions (GMV)

18) (AEMet) Delegación en Valencia de la Agencia Estatal de Meteorologia

19) EIP Water Secretariat



Other Invited:

1) Aquaprofit Co. (Hungary)

2) Centre de Recherche Public Gabriel Lippmann (Luxembourg)

3) Centre de Recherche Public Henri Tudor (Luxembourg)

4) Climate-KIC Central Hungary

5) Organica Water (Hungary)

Other Wishing to Collaborate/Join:

1) Bell Pottinger (UK)

2) Isle Utilities (UK)



RESEWAM-O is an Innovation Opportunity service, par excellence, envisaging the provision of a versatile

methodology -in principle applicable in all sensitive areas in

the world- that integrates the knowledge, diagnostic and

monitoring capacity of remote sensing with optimum

engineering solutions and efficient financial tools.

For the first time, the problem (water scarcity) and the

solution (water resources connections, treatment plants,

preserving freshwater supplies for urban uses that will be

connected through a feasibility plan) are approached

together within the same vision (RESEWAM-O).

This is innovative!



RESEWAM-O EIP Water Action Group aims

to develop agricultural Adaptation to Climate Change

activities using

• Earth Observation Remote Sensing techniques and

• Water Management solutions

in order to enhance socio-economical and environmental

values in water sensitive areas.

Through a multidisciplinary

• scientific,

• industrial and

• administration composition

RESEWAM-O will study negative climate impacts in water-

deficit lands to reactivate them and generate income.

RESEWAM-O puts together

administration, agricultural

farmers/cooperatives and

companies suppliers of water

services to develop services and

products helping various economic

sectors adapting to climate change,

especially focusing on energy and

water utilities



RESEWAM-O’s main goal is

to create an innovative methodology

for water resources re-distribution

by combining

• remote sensing diagnosing tools,

• economic feasibility studies,

• engineer knowledge and

• policy decisions

to correctly manage all water resources,

mainly waste water, and recover life in unprofitable areas.

The envisaged end product is a robust integrated toolbox for

• water scarcity detection,

• diagnosis and assessment,

• optimum solution completion, and

• feasibility plan

for water re-distribution,

in principle applicable in any water-scarce area of the world.



RESEWAM-O EIP Water Action Group

wants to close the cycle of the different water resources,

especially reclaimed water,

in order to compensate scarcity and unpredictable weather

conditions

with the goal to developing a successful and balanced

economical life style.

“win-win” negotiation • Water treatment plants and end users are usually disconnected.

• Water infrastructures may also be inappropriate

• There could even be technological deficiencies in the wastewater treatment

process

emergent contaminants

RESEWAM-O’s role is to identify these risks and propose how to face them



“win-win” negotiation The final objective is to put together agricultural farmers/cooperatives,

companies suppliers of water services and the administration to facilitate their

decision whether the necessary expenditure and investment would be

worthwhile and rewarding. RESEWAM-O will therefore generate new market

opportunities thanks to the information provided that conventional water

management agents usually do not know. RESEWAM-O is a “win-win”

negotiation:

• Agricultural farmers/cooperatives: opening a new more

extended green market of more sustainable, saleable

agricultural products, developed in arid/semi-arid areas

using reclaimed water as primary resource

• Companies supplying water services: more freshwater

available to cover increasing urban demands

• Public administration: revitalisation of areas out of

production, new agricultural food products, reactivation of

economy, economisation of products and better protection

of Environment



(Most?) suitable area in Europe

for validation of low spatial

resolution remote sensing data

and products

HR MERIS, 23 Mar 2002

Valencia & Alacant

Anchor Stations

Valencia Anchor Station

Alacant Anchor Station

RESEWAM-O EIP Water Action Group Pilot Study



VALENCIA ANCHOR STATION

ALACANT ANCHOR STATION

Experimental

Water Cycle

Observatory



Classified LANDSAT image (8th July 2003) (50x50 km2)

Selection of the Valencia Anchor Station Area


Management Optimization (AG132) GERB Ground Validation

Campaign June 2003

GERB Ground Validation

Campaign February 2004

Mean Value Minimum Value Variability

NDVI. Valentian Community, FU Berlin MEDOKADS AVHRR Database Period 1989 - 2000

Selection of the Alacant Anchor Station Area

J. Gimeno Ferrer & E. Lopez-Baeza (2003)



Results of wavelet study for the FU Berlin MEDOKADS AVHRR Database

Period 1989-2002

Mean of the Trend

G

“Minimum” of the Sum (Trend + Variability)

B

“Range” of Variability

R

indicates the mean state

of vegetation along the

period analyzed

related to the minimum

amount of vegetation

present in each pixel

during the period analyzed

informs about the

amplitude of the annual

phenological cycle

J. Gimeno Ferrer, M.A. Gilabert, E. Lopez-Baeza (Sept 2003)



An RGB Image of “Desertification”

J. Gimeno Ferrer, M.A. Gilabert, E. Lopez-Baeza (Sept 2003)

Follow up: B. Martínez & M.A. Gilabert (2009): Vegetation dynamics from NDVI time series analysis using the wavelet transform.

Remote Sensing of Environment, Volume 113, issue 9 (September, 2009), p. 1823-1842

VAS

AAS

Indicator of the deficit/surplus precipitation intensity wrt normal conditions

Similar Cycles of Drought and Hydrological Surplus

Temporal evolution of SPI-24

Characterisation of Socio-Economical Drought

• 1979-1985. Longest drought cycle. Similar in both areas

• 1990-1995. Maximum SPI values in both areas. VAS was more affected

• 1998-2001. Shortest cycle that caused moderated dry events

Well defined periods characterized by drought or

Historical droughts: (1979/1985), (1990-1995) and (1998/2001)

Standard Precipitation Index (SPI)

AAS

VAS

hydrological excess

Cecilia Narbon

Standard Precipitation Index (SPI)

AAS

VAS


Characterisation and monitoring of Hydrological Resources


Characterisation of Agricultural Droughts

Cecilia Narbon



Soils &

Vegetation • CEBAS-CSIC

• EEAD-CSIC

• IVIA

Modeling &

Climate

Projections • FIC

• KIT

Remote Sensing • GL

• GMV

• UVEG

Viability

Business Plan /

Economic Analysis • UVEG

• C-KIC (HU)

Cost/Benefit

Knowledge

Base

Water

Engineering • Aquaprofit

• INDEFA

• Organica

Water

Water

Quality

• LEQUIA

• Uni.Bologne

Env. Impact

LCA • IAT

• HT E. Loarte

A. Pavia

TVDI =TSS-TSSmin

a+ bNDVI -TSSmin

TVDI 25th Sep 2009

Temperature Vegetation

Dryness Index



First Map of Global Soil Moisture Retrievals



CP34


Management Optimization (AG132) 21 Nov A

22 Nov A

22 Nov D

23 Nov D

24 Nov A

CP34



Well observed drought by SMOS. Soil moisture in February 2010, 2011 and 2012

(average values), for ascending overpasses (~ 6am, solar local time). Note that

February 2010 was still the beginning of the mission and the commissioning phase, which explains some lack in the

retrievals.



14th Mar 2013 22nd Mar 2013 15th Apr 2013



23rd Apr 2013 17th May 2013



The RESEWAM-O methodology:

① Use current remote sensing technology to identify sensitive areas and

evaluate their potential agricultural productivity by means of

conventional índices linked to soil moisture/dryness conditions,

evapotranspiration, soil and vegetation conditions -current and

climate change projected, etc.

② Propose a global optimisation model for water allocation

incorporating the detailed information from remote sensing

technology

③ Validate and strengthen the identification of sensitive areas, as well

as relevant periods, dry and wet spells, by the use of the numerical

high-resolution regional simulations of our modelling partners of soil

conditions and precipitation distributions

④ Develop feasibility studies for the target areas (pilot area and

extended application areas) under conditions of operational

methodology. Three situations could be faced: i) renovate and

enhance still useful existing infrastructures ii) decide the necessity to

create a new infrastructure system, iii) decide the non-profitability of

any investment.



The RESEWAM-O methodology:

⑤ Elaborate climate change projections for different scenarios for the

target areas to guarantee the return of the investment along a couple

of decades.

⑥ Create a guideline on recommendations of best practices studies to

improve the water management in a geographical area.

⑦ Support policy makers in their decisions to apply the most

convenient answers in the focus areas.

⑧ Thoroughly develop a RESEWAM-O decision support system / service

from the first-phase Pilot Study over a well-known and characterised

area and define the conditions to be extended to other vulnerable

areas.

⑨ Dissemination, scientific marketing and exploitation in parallel with

education, outreach and capacity building.



RESEWAM-O EIP Water Action Group Water Economics

Reinforce re-utilisation

Objectives • Determine Economic Viability

• Efficient Process Performance

how?




Reinforce re-utilisation

Economic Viability

Best Tool

Cost-Benefit Analysis (ABC)

Net Benefit = Total Benefit – Total Costs

Advantages:

• Recognised tool for the evaluation of the

economic viability

• Guarantees economic rationality of inversions




Reinforce re-utilisation Costs Evaluation

• Total Costs Estimation

• Estimation of Costs Functions associated to the

process

Projection of Inversion Costs

Projection of Operation and Maintenance

Costs

• By relating the different process variables




Evaluation of Environmental and Social Benefits

• Shadow Prices (Precios Sombra)

Way of estimation of the

environmental impact

By giving monetary values to

the unwanted outputs of the

purification process

… as an alternative to the more conventional

contingent evaluation




Evaluation of Efficiency

• Stationary Analysis

Efficiency analysis of productive activity

• Dynamic Analysis

Evolution analysis of efficient performance

Changes in technology Technology

Innovation



http://www.eip-water.eu/working-groups/resewam-o-remote-

sensing-water-management-optimization-ag132

http://www.eip-water.eu/working-groups/resewam-o-remote-sensing-water-management-optimization-ag132





















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