Research Process Pratyush kumar
-
Upload
api-19600037 -
Category
Documents
-
view
340 -
download
0
Transcript of Research Process Pratyush kumar
IPMIPM 11
The Research ProcessThe Research Process
Source Book - CooperSource Book - Cooper
From-From- Jayant Jayant PratyushPratyush
SatishSatish AshishAshish
NikhilNikhil
IPMIPM 22
Research ProcessResearch Process
Research originates in the decision Research originates in the decision process. A manager needs specific process. A manager needs specific information for setting objectives defining information for setting objectives defining tasks, finding the best strategy to carry out tasks, finding the best strategy to carry out the task , or judging how well the strategy the task , or judging how well the strategy is being implemented.is being implemented.
IPMIPM 33
Define the research question
exploration
Define management question
exploration
Discover the management dilemma
explorationRefine the research question
Budget and value assessment
Research proposal
Budget Approval
Value exceeds cost
Stopcost exceeds value
stop
rejected
Approved
Que
stio
ns A
nsw
ered
IPMIPM 44
Approved
Research design
Design Strategy
(type, purpose, time frame, scope, environment)
Data collection Design Sampling design
Investigative Question
Measurement Question
Instrument Design
Sample Unit Selection
Sample Type Selection
Draw Sample
Pilot testing
Instrument
Revision
Data Collection Que
stio
ns A
nsw
ered
IPMIPM 55
Data Preparation
Data Analysis and Interpretation
Research Reporting
Legends for research phase
Research planning
Data Gathering
Analysis, interpretation
& Reporting
Que
stio
ns A
nsw
ered
IPMIPM 66
Discover the Management Discover the Management DilemmaDilemma
Identify the problem.Identify the problem.Symptom of an actual problem.Symptom of an actual problem.For ex: rising cost , decreasing sales.For ex: rising cost , decreasing sales. Identifying the problem is rarely difficult.Identifying the problem is rarely difficult. Its need a correct decision-making.Its need a correct decision-making.
IPMIPM 77
Management
Dilemma
Management
Questions
Research Questions
Investigative Questions
Measurement Questions
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Level 4
Level 5
What should be asked or observed to obtain the information the manager needs?
What does the manager need to know to choose the best alternative from the available courses of action?
What are the plausible courses of action available to management to correct the problem or take advantage of the opportunity, and which should be considered?
How can management eliminate negative symptoms? How can management fully capitalize on an opportunity?
What symptoms cause management concern?
What environmental stimuli raise management interest?
MANAGEMENT- RESEARCH QUESTION HIERARCHY
IPMIPM 88
1. Discover the management
dilemma
An increasing number of letters and phone complaints about post-purchase service.
2. Exploration
Stage 1:Before Austin
1. PC magazines: Annual survey of “service, repair, and tech support”
2. Published customer satisfaction comparisons.
Stage 2 : Austin Meeting
1. Production : 5000/mo.
2. Distribution through computer superstores and independent mail-order company.
3. Complete Care process
Stage 3 : After Austin
Brainstorming and company letters
1. Possible problems
a) Employee shortage
b) Tech-line operator training
c) Uneven courier performance
d) Parts shortages
e) Inconsistent repair servicing
f) Product damage during repair
g) Product damage during shipping
h) Packaging and handling problems
RESEARCH PROCESS FOR RESEARCH PROCESS FOR MINDWRITERMINDWRITER
IPMIPM 99
5. Define the Research Question
4. Exploration3. Define the Management
QuestionInterviews with :Service managerCall centre managersIndependent packageCompany account executive
What should be done to improve the
CompleteCare program for MindWriter product repairs and servicing?
• Should the technical representative be given more intensive training, or not?
• Should ABC Courier Service be replaced by an overnight air transport service, or not?
• Should the repair diagnostic and repair sequencing operations be modified, or not?
• Should the return packaging be modified to include pre-molded rigid foam inserts, conforming-expandable foam protection, or neither?
• Should metropolitan repair centers be established to complement or replace in-factory repair facilities, or not?
IPMIPM 1010
Define The Management QuestionDefine The Management Question
Choice of purpose or objectives.Choice of purpose or objectives.Ex: what do we want to achieve?Ex: what do we want to achieve?Generation and evaluation of solutions.Generation and evaluation of solutions.Ex: how we can achieve our goal?Ex: how we can achieve our goal?Control the situation.Control the situation.Ex: how well is our program meeting its Ex: how well is our program meeting its
goals?goals?
IPMIPM 1111
The Research QuestionThe Research Question
Once the researcher has a clear statement Once the researcher has a clear statement of the management question, he and of the management question, he and manager must translate into research manager must translate into research question.question.
It should be a fact-oriented , information It should be a fact-oriented , information gathering.gathering.
Only reasonable alternatives should be Only reasonable alternatives should be considered.considered.
IPMIPM 1212
Refining Research QuestionRefining Research Question
It needs a skillful researcher .It needs a skillful researcher .At this point, a clearer picture of the At this point, a clearer picture of the
management and research questions management and research questions begins to emerge.begins to emerge.
It is apparent the question has been It is apparent the question has been answered and the process is finished.answered and the process is finished.
A question different from the original.A question different from the original.
IPMIPM 1313
Budget and Value AssessmentBudget and Value Assessment
Management has to play a great role Management has to play a great role between budgeting and value assessment.between budgeting and value assessment.
Budget required for data gathering, project Budget required for data gathering, project planning and analysis, interpretation and planning and analysis, interpretation and reporting.reporting.
Appropriate research study can help Appropriate research study can help managers to avoid losses and increase managers to avoid losses and increase profits.profits.
IPMIPM 1414
Research ProposalResearch Proposal
Where all aspects of the research are Where all aspects of the research are discussed.discussed.
It should be in written form or in oral.It should be in written form or in oral.
IPMIPM 1515
Budget approvalBudget approval
In absence of it many research are In absence of it many research are terminated. terminated.
Types of budget :Types of budget :Rule of thumb budgetingRule of thumb budgetingDepartmental or functional area budgetingDepartmental or functional area budgetingTask budgeting.Task budgeting.
IPMIPM 1616
Research design & strategyResearch design & strategy
It is a blueprint for fulfilling objectives and It is a blueprint for fulfilling objectives and answering questions.answering questions.
It may be complicated by the availability of It may be complicated by the availability of a large variety of methods, techniques, a large variety of methods, techniques, procedures.procedures.
IPMIPM 1717
Data collection designData collection design
1. Investigative question: to formulate 1. Investigative question: to formulate them , the researcher takes a general them , the researcher takes a general search question and breaks it into more search question and breaks it into more specific questions.specific questions.
2. Measurement question: These question 2. Measurement question: These question is generally asked by respondents.is generally asked by respondents.
In it, researcher records each In it, researcher records each observations and subject studied.observations and subject studied.
IPMIPM 1818
Sampling designSampling design
A sample is a part of target population.A sample is a part of target population.
Researcher must determine how many Researcher must determine how many people to interview and who they will be, people to interview and who they will be, what and how many events to observe or what and how many events to observe or how many records to inspect.how many records to inspect.
IPMIPM 1919
Pilot testingPilot testing
It is conducted to detect weaknesses in It is conducted to detect weaknesses in design and instrumentation and provide design and instrumentation and provide proxy data for selection of a sample.proxy data for selection of a sample.
If the study is a survey to be executed by If the study is a survey to be executed by mail, the pilot questionnaire should be mail, the pilot questionnaire should be mailed.mailed.
IPMIPM 2020
DataDataCollection and PreparationCollection and Preparation
Data should be presented to the Data should be presented to the researcher from the study environment .researcher from the study environment .
It is characterized by abstractness, It is characterized by abstractness, verifiability, elusiveness, and closeness to verifiability, elusiveness, and closeness to the phenomenon.the phenomenon.
IPMIPM 2121
Data Analysis and InterpretationData Analysis and Interpretation
It usually involves reducing accumulated data to It usually involves reducing accumulated data to a manageable size developing summaries a manageable size developing summaries looking for patterns and applying statistical looking for patterns and applying statistical techniques.techniques.
Scaled responses on questionnaires and Scaled responses on questionnaires and experimental instruments often require the experimental instruments often require the analyst to derive various functions, and analyst to derive various functions, and relationships among variables are frequently relationships among variables are frequently explored after that.explored after that.
IPMIPM 2222
Reporting The ResultsReporting The Results
It is necessary to prepare a report and It is necessary to prepare a report and transmit the findings and recommendations transmit the findings and recommendations to the manager for the intended purpose of to the manager for the intended purpose of decision- making.decision- making.
Reports should be developed from client’s Reports should be developed from client’s perspective.perspective.
IPMIPM 2323