Research Process
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Transcript of Research Process
![Page 1: Research Process](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082921/5561871cd8b42a91778b470a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Research Process
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Hypothesis
Data
Empirical Generalizations
Theory
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Theory
A logically interrelated set of propositions about empirical reality.
Theory shapes research and research shapes theory.
Analytical Framework/Guide to Research
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Deterrence Theory
Prevalent in Criminological Research Evaluates the impact of punishment
on crime. Expects punishment to deter crime
in two ways: Specific vs. General Deterrence
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Research Topic/Question
Domestic Violence is a prevalent social problem in the Belizean society; it is a problem that has tragically escalated over the years, thus the issue demands much attention and societal redress.
To what extent does arresting spouse abusers reduces their likelihood of re-offending?
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Hypothesis
A tentative statement about empirical reality, involving a relationship between two or more variables.
Consists of an independent variable(s) and dependent variable(s).
Arresting an abusive spouse after a domestic dispute decreases the likelihood of he/she re-offending.
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Conceptualization/Operationalization
Outline and Define Variables Indicate measurement of those
variables. Domestic Abuse: Definition Operationalize: Crime Statistics Social Research
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Literature Review
Find out everything you can about your topic/hypothesis.
Read and analyze other research projects: library, journals, web documents etc.
On going process: From beginning to end.
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Methodology
Developing the research design. Quantitative, Qualitative or
Triangulation How am I going to gather data to
test my hypothesis? What tools/data collection
instruments will I use to gather my data?
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Methodologies
Quantitative Surveys Experiments
Qualitative Interviews Focus Groups Participant
Observation
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Sampling
Several types of sampling techniques.
Target population Generate sample or subset Generalizability and Sampling go
hand in hand. Representative sampling
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Data Collection
The fun part!!! Going out into the field and
gathering the data. Many obstacles and hindrances may
come about. Strategizing and contingency
planning is necessary.
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Data Analysis
Putting things into perspective Turning raw data into information Quantitative and Qualitative
Analysis Do my data support/dismiss by
tentative statement about observable reality (hypothesis)?
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Presenting the Data
Written Presentation:Charts; Graphs; Tables
Oral Presentation: Audio and Visual Aids; Power point
etc.
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Conclusions
1. Provide a clear synopsis of your findings.
2. Summarize the research experience
3. Present ideas for future research4. Make formal recommendations
based on your findings
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References
Giving credit where it is due. Proper citations throughout the
research project is imperative. Social Sciences: APA
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Appendix
Supplemental Data and Information to enhance your research
Copy of questionnaire instrument Local conference reports Statistical data International or Regional Trends
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Publication
Scholarly Journals Social Science Research Journals:
Criminology; Criminology and Public Policy; Criminology and Criminal Justice
Organization of Interests School Purposes
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Back to Theory:
The research cycle starts again. Developing new theory or building
upon old theory. Deterrence Theory: Arresting abusive spouse works to
deter re-offending only in high status/economic class communities.