Research and DevelopmentProgram in Gujarat under PMGSY

Research and DevelopmentProgram in Gujarat under PMGSY

P.G. Centre in Transportation Engineering PlanningDepartment of Civil Engineering

SVNIT, Surat, Gujarat

Dr. Shriniwas Arkatkar, Asst. Professor, CED, SVNITMember, STA, Surat, Gujarat

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION Technology initiative under PMGSY project in

phase-13 & PMGSY-2 phase -1.

R & D projects are approved by NRRDA andunder progress in different PIU’S.

MOU with STA,SVNIT Surat for R & D projectshas been executed for the purpose ofproviding training and guidance to PIU’S andcontractor for quality execution and monitoringand also for collecting data and performanceevaluation.

Technology initiative under PMGSY project inphase-13 & PMGSY-2 phase -1.

R & D projects are approved by NRRDA andunder progress in different PIU’S.

MOU with STA,SVNIT Surat for R & D projectshas been executed for the purpose ofproviding training and guidance to PIU’S andcontractor for quality execution and monitoringand also for collecting data and performanceevaluation.

Technology initiative under PMGSY project inphase-13 & PMGSY-2 phase -1.

R & D projects are approved by NRRDA andunder progress in different PIU’S.

MOU with STA,SVNIT Surat for R & D projectshas been executed for the purpose ofproviding training and guidance to PIU’S andcontractor for quality execution and monitoringand also for collecting data and performanceevaluation.

Technology initiative under PMGSY project inphase-13 & PMGSY-2 phase -1.

R & D projects are approved by NRRDA andunder progress in different PIU’S.

MOU with STA,SVNIT Surat for R & D projectshas been executed for the purpose ofproviding training and guidance to PIU’S andcontractor for quality execution and monitoringand also for collecting data and performanceevaluation.

List Of R & D projects For Which MOU Executed

Sr.No. Block Name of roads Length

(km)Particulars of R &

D Proposed

Cost of Projectswith R & D

(Rupees in Lakhs)

Physical Status on23.12.14

1 VansdaL307-MotibhamatiPatel Falia Road

(VR307)0.82

Subgrade SoilStabilization with

Lime32.93

CD workscompleted and

Lime stabilizationwork is in progress

2 Dharampur L224-Jagiri AshramFaliya Road (VR224) 0.72

Subgrade SoilStabilization with

Lime31.48 Lime stabilization

yet to be execute.

Subgrade SoilStabilization with

Lime

3 Dharampur L225-Jamaliya BondarFaliya Road (VR225) 1.23

Subgrade SoilStabilization with

Lime62.38 Limestabilization

yet to be execute.

4 Dharampur L218-Jagiri PatelFaliya Road (VR218) 1.62 Flyash + Lime

Stabilization 67.97 Lime stabilizationyet to be execute.

5 ValsadL267-Kewada Tosaron Naykiwad

(VR267)1.26

Subgrade SoilStabilization with

Lime45.09 Lime stabilization

completed

6 Valsad L269-Velvach KundiRoad (VR269) 1.13

Subgrade SoilStabilization with

Lime44.27 Lime stabilization

completed

Sr Block Name of roads Length(km)

Type ofTreatmentProposed

Cost ofProjects with

R & D(Rupees in

Lakhs)

Physical Statuson 23.12.14

7 Valsad Dhamdachi Gamtal Road 1.10Subgrade SoilStabilization withLime

42.99 Lime stabilizationcompleted

8 Dang T02-Mahal Subir WarsaRoad 15.00 Coldmix 563.78 R&D yet to be

execute

9 Dang T09-Waghai DungardaBheskatri Road 26.93

Lime/CementFiller in OPC &sealcoat

1096.00 R&D workCompleted9 Dang T09-Waghai Dungarda

Bheskatri Road 26.93Lime/CementFiller in OPC &sealcoat

1096.00 R&D workCompleted

10 VyaraL181-Dolvan DungariPati Kundha BesaniaRoad

7.70 Flyash + LimeStabilization 445.82 Lime stabilization

completed

11 Vyara T06-Khanpur ChirmaMalotra Road 17.20 Flyash + Lime

Stabilization 916.23 Lime Stabilizationcompeted

Sr.No.

Block Name of roads Length(km)

Type ofTreatmentProposed

Cost ofProjects

with R & D(Rupees in

Lakhs)

PhysicalStatus on23.12.14

12 Dang L032-Singana DhuladaRoad 12.00 Cold mix 237.63 R&D yet to be

executed

13 Bardoli L044-Moti falod ruwarayan road 5.38

Lime/CementFiller in OPC &

sealcoat180.82 R&D work

completed

L088-SongadhBandharapada Road

Fly ash + LimeStabilization

R&D workcompleted14 Songadh L088-Songadh

Bandharapada Road 4.80 Fly ash + LimeStabilization 330.18 R&D work

completed

15 Songadh L112-Amlipada UkldaDhajamba Velzar Road 13.77 Fly ash + Lime

Stabilization 941.85 R&D workcompleted

16 Navsari TR-10 Eru KalthanRoad 6.27 Sand and Lime

stabilization 509.03 R&D work yetto be execute.

17 Navsari TR_07 Pardi KambadaMahudi Road 7.23 Sand and Lime

stabilization 445.93 R&D work yetto be execute

Sr Block Name of roads Length(km)

Type ofTreatmentProposed

Cost ofProjects

with R & D

PhysicalStatus on23.12.14

18 NavsariTR-09 Supa KuchedSisodra(A) MalekporeRoad

7.62Sand and

Limestabilization

448.22R&D workyet to beexecute.

19 Valsad T-08 Jujwa Pathri ChanvaiRoad 4.58

Use ofTerrasil

Organisilane314.86

R&D workyet to beexecute.19 Valsad T-08 Jujwa Pathri Chanvai

Road 4.58Use ofTerrasil

Organisilane314.86

R&D workyet to beexecute.

20 Vyara

Vyara Panwadi MusaMadav Chindiya MeghpurBalpur Wanrdevi Umaravnajik Gadat BhojpurdurBedchit Road

26.70

GeoSyntheticMaterial inSub base

1459.00 R&D workcompleted.

21 NizarJuna Hathoda BahurupaBalda BimbhoraSadagavan Road

12.60Lime and flyash in soilsubbase

995.00 R&D workcompeted.

Total R & D projectNo

21 Selection criteria of R&D

Soil stabilization withSand and Lime

2 Expansive soilSand is easily available andcheaper

Soil stabilization with FlyAsh and Lime

3 clayey soilSource of fly ash nearest to site.

Soil stabilization withLime only

11 Highly Expansive and fine grainsoil.

Cold Mix 3 Reserve forest area.Cold Mix 3 Reserve forest area.

Geo-synthetics 1 Sub grade laid on water loggedsoil.

Terrasil Organosilane 1 This treatment used for sideshoulder to accommodate the hightraffic during blockage of nationalhighway.

Lime/Cement Filler 1 To densify and reduce voids inOPC.

Is Stabilization of Sub grade required?Is Stabilization of Sub grade required?

To improve engineering properties of sub grade soil such as PI,CBR

To reduce PI of soil used as subgrade

To improve bearing capacity and UCR of soil

To increased CBR of Subgrade soil

To reduce swelling and shrinkage property of soil

To reduce moisture holding capacity of soil

Mechanics of Stabilization: evaluating soil property,decision regarding treatment, Design of stabilization mixand Construction of stabilized layer

To improve engineering properties of sub grade soil such as PI,CBR

To reduce PI of soil used as subgrade

To improve bearing capacity and UCR of soil

To increased CBR of Subgrade soil

To reduce swelling and shrinkage property of soil

To reduce moisture holding capacity of soil

Mechanics of Stabilization: evaluating soil property,decision regarding treatment, Design of stabilization mixand Construction of stabilized layer

To improve engineering properties of sub grade soil such as PI,CBR

To reduce PI of soil used as subgrade

To improve bearing capacity and UCR of soil

To increased CBR of Subgrade soil

To reduce swelling and shrinkage property of soil

To reduce moisture holding capacity of soil

Mechanics of Stabilization: evaluating soil property,decision regarding treatment, Design of stabilization mixand Construction of stabilized layer

To improve engineering properties of sub grade soil such as PI,CBR

To reduce PI of soil used as subgrade

To improve bearing capacity and UCR of soil

To increased CBR of Subgrade soil

To reduce swelling and shrinkage property of soil

To reduce moisture holding capacity of soil

Mechanics of Stabilization: evaluating soil property,decision regarding treatment, Design of stabilization mixand Construction of stabilized layer

Chemistry of Lime treatmentChemistry of Lime treatment

1. Drying: If quick lime is used, it immediately hydrates(i.e. combines with water) and release heat, soil getsdried as the water content in soil gets used in reaction.

Generated heat can evaporate other moisture also

Hydrated lime produced by initial reaction will react withclay particles

Hydrated lime used instead of quick lime as drying canbe achieved with chemical changes in soil that reducesits capacity to hold water.

1. Drying: If quick lime is used, it immediately hydrates(i.e. combines with water) and release heat, soil getsdried as the water content in soil gets used in reaction.

Generated heat can evaporate other moisture also

Hydrated lime produced by initial reaction will react withclay particles

Hydrated lime used instead of quick lime as drying canbe achieved with chemical changes in soil that reducesits capacity to hold water.

1. Drying: If quick lime is used, it immediately hydrates(i.e. combines with water) and release heat, soil getsdried as the water content in soil gets used in reaction.

Generated heat can evaporate other moisture also

Hydrated lime produced by initial reaction will react withclay particles

Hydrated lime used instead of quick lime as drying canbe achieved with chemical changes in soil that reducesits capacity to hold water.

1. Drying: If quick lime is used, it immediately hydrates(i.e. combines with water) and release heat, soil getsdried as the water content in soil gets used in reaction.

Generated heat can evaporate other moisture also

Hydrated lime produced by initial reaction will react withclay particles

Hydrated lime used instead of quick lime as drying canbe achieved with chemical changes in soil that reducesits capacity to hold water.

Chemistry of Lime treatmentChemistry of Lime treatment

2. Modification: After Initial mixing calcium ions Ca++migrates from lime to surface of clay particles anddisplaces further water and ions.

The soil becomes more granular and hence easier tocompact at this stage , as PI reduces dramatically.

This process is called as fluctuation & agglomerationgenerally occurs in hours.

Pozzolanic reaction generates long term stability of soil.

2. Modification: After Initial mixing calcium ions Ca++migrates from lime to surface of clay particles anddisplaces further water and ions.

The soil becomes more granular and hence easier tocompact at this stage , as PI reduces dramatically.

This process is called as fluctuation & agglomerationgenerally occurs in hours.

Pozzolanic reaction generates long term stability of soil.

2. Modification: After Initial mixing calcium ions Ca++migrates from lime to surface of clay particles anddisplaces further water and ions.

The soil becomes more granular and hence easier tocompact at this stage , as PI reduces dramatically.

This process is called as fluctuation & agglomerationgenerally occurs in hours.

Pozzolanic reaction generates long term stability of soil.

2. Modification: After Initial mixing calcium ions Ca++migrates from lime to surface of clay particles anddisplaces further water and ions.

The soil becomes more granular and hence easier tocompact at this stage , as PI reduces dramatically.

This process is called as fluctuation & agglomerationgenerally occurs in hours.

Pozzolanic reaction generates long term stability of soil.

Construction Methodology AdoptedConstruction Methodology Adopted

(A) Scarification and Initial Pulverization of Soil Scarified/cultivated with tractor. Pulverized with rotator and disc harrows

(B) Lime Spreading : Dry Lime spread at the rate of4% by weight of soil

(C) Mixing & Watering : Proper pulverization andmixing done by Rotavator. The soil is thenprepared for watering to initiate chemical reaction.

(A) Scarification and Initial Pulverization of Soil Scarified/cultivated with tractor. Pulverized with rotator and disc harrows

(B) Lime Spreading : Dry Lime spread at the rate of4% by weight of soil

(C) Mixing & Watering : Proper pulverization andmixing done by Rotavator. The soil is thenprepared for watering to initiate chemical reaction.

(A) Scarification and Initial Pulverization of Soil Scarified/cultivated with tractor. Pulverized with rotator and disc harrows

(B) Lime Spreading : Dry Lime spread at the rate of4% by weight of soil

(C) Mixing & Watering : Proper pulverization andmixing done by Rotavator. The soil is thenprepared for watering to initiate chemical reaction.

(A) Scarification and Initial Pulverization of Soil Scarified/cultivated with tractor. Pulverized with rotator and disc harrows

(B) Lime Spreading : Dry Lime spread at the rate of4% by weight of soil

(C) Mixing & Watering : Proper pulverization andmixing done by Rotavator. The soil is thenprepared for watering to initiate chemical reaction.

Construction Methodology AdoptedConstruction Methodology Adopted

(D)Final Mixing : Water is added to ensure completehydration & uniform stabilization.

(E) Final Mixing & pulverization : To accomplish completestabilization final pulverisation of clay fractions. Thoroughdistribution of lime through out the soil esteemed forstabilization.

(f) Final Curing : Before placing the sub base , thecompacted sub grade be allowed to get compacted untilloaded truck can move without rutting the surface. Thisshould be done in 48 hours.

(D)Final Mixing : Water is added to ensure completehydration & uniform stabilization.

(E) Final Mixing & pulverization : To accomplish completestabilization final pulverisation of clay fractions. Thoroughdistribution of lime through out the soil esteemed forstabilization.

(f) Final Curing : Before placing the sub base , thecompacted sub grade be allowed to get compacted untilloaded truck can move without rutting the surface. Thisshould be done in 48 hours.

(D)Final Mixing : Water is added to ensure completehydration & uniform stabilization.

(E) Final Mixing & pulverization : To accomplish completestabilization final pulverisation of clay fractions. Thoroughdistribution of lime through out the soil esteemed forstabilization.

(f) Final Curing : Before placing the sub base , thecompacted sub grade be allowed to get compacted untilloaded truck can move without rutting the surface. Thisshould be done in 48 hours.

(D)Final Mixing : Water is added to ensure completehydration & uniform stabilization.

(E) Final Mixing & pulverization : To accomplish completestabilization final pulverisation of clay fractions. Thoroughdistribution of lime through out the soil esteemed forstabilization.

(f) Final Curing : Before placing the sub base , thecompacted sub grade be allowed to get compacted untilloaded truck can move without rutting the surface. Thisshould be done in 48 hours.

Soil Testing reportName of Road : Pardi Kambhada Road

ParticularsParticle Size analysis

Atterberg Limits

Classification

Design SoakCBR %

Gravel SandSilt+Clay LL PL PI MDD OMC

Natural Soil 6 42 52 40 22 18 CI 1.71 13.3 3.25Natural Soil 6 42 52 40 22 18 CI 1.71 13.3 3.25

Soil with Limemodified soil

(laboratory test) 30 40 30 31 21 10 SC 1.99 10 11.02

After Executionof limestabilization(Field Test) 30 31 30 31 21 10 SC 1.99 10 11.52

Natural Sub grade soil test results

AS PER MIX DESIGN FIELD ACHIVEMENT

Soil Testing reportName of Road : Velvach kundi Road

Particulars Particle Size analysisAtterberg Limits

Classification

Design Soaked CBR

%Gravel Sand Silt Clay LL PL PI MDD OMC

Natural Soil 8 39 26 27 58 29 29 CH 1.63 22.4 2.2Natural Soil 8 39 26 27 58 29 29 CH 1.63 22.4 2.2Soil with Limemodified soil(laboratorytest 5% lime)CaO content60.4% 3.5 15 61 2.5 37.8 25.8 12 MI 1.77 18.6 68

AfterExecution oflimestabilization(Field Test)

CBR achieved in field 27.0

NaturalSub gradesoil testresults

AS PER MIX DESIGN FIELD ACHIVEMENT

Soil Testing ReportName of Road : Amalipada Ukhaldha Dhajamba Veljar Road

Particulars Particle Size analysisAtterberg Limits

Classification

Design

SoakedCBR %

Gravel Sand Silt Clay LL PL PI MDD OMC

Natural Soil 0 22 32 46 52 24 28 CH 1.62 18.6 2.80%Natural Soil 0 22 32 46 52 24 28 CH 1.62 18.6 2.80%Soil havingLime +Fly ashmodified soil(laboratory test)CaO content44.8% 0 44 32 24 42 22 20 CI 1.55 21.7 17.4%AfterExecution oflimestabilization(Field Test) 1 48 26 25 43 21 22 CI 1.57 21.0 13.2%

Impact on Construction CostPavement Design with & without stabilization Comparison

SrNo Name of road: CBR

Thickness(mm)(sand

cappinglayer of

CBR10%)

Costin lakhs

CBRafter

stabilization

Thickness ofmodified/stabilized with 4%

lime + 15%gravel or

sand

Costin lakhs

Costeffectiveness in subgrade/sub

base %

Totalproject

Costeffectivene

ss in %

1

T09 Supa PeraKuched Sisodra(A) malekporeroad Ta. & Dist.Navsari

2.73 150 20.25 10.96 150 17.40 14.07 1.21

2T07 PardiKambada MahudiRoad Ta. & Dist.Navsari

2.69 150 28.66 11.02 150 23.89 16.64 1.11

3 L269 Velvachkundi Road Ta &Dist.Valsad

2.20 300 6.60 27.00 300 4.78 27.57 4.73

ConclusionsConclusions(A) It is revealed from the test result that Engineering Properties

specifically Modified Soil Drastically Change as stated below:

PI =18 reduces to 11 and 28 reduces to 22

CBR= 3.25 increases to 11.02 and 2.80 increases to 13.2

FSI=45.5 falls to 24.0

Above properties are governing factor of strength of thesubgrade which has been achieved and Road pavementconstructed is almost 1.0% to 4.0% cheaper than the Nonmodified subgrade.

(B) Performance of the Road behavior under traffic condition yet tobe evaluated.

(C) Durability of subgrade will be observed onwards in adverseclimatic and environmental conditions.

(A) It is revealed from the test result that Engineering Propertiesspecifically Modified Soil Drastically Change as stated below:

PI =18 reduces to 11 and 28 reduces to 22

CBR= 3.25 increases to 11.02 and 2.80 increases to 13.2

FSI=45.5 falls to 24.0

Above properties are governing factor of strength of thesubgrade which has been achieved and Road pavementconstructed is almost 1.0% to 4.0% cheaper than the Nonmodified subgrade.

(B) Performance of the Road behavior under traffic condition yet tobe evaluated.

(C) Durability of subgrade will be observed onwards in adverseclimatic and environmental conditions.

(A) It is revealed from the test result that Engineering Propertiesspecifically Modified Soil Drastically Change as stated below:

PI =18 reduces to 11 and 28 reduces to 22

CBR= 3.25 increases to 11.02 and 2.80 increases to 13.2

FSI=45.5 falls to 24.0

Above properties are governing factor of strength of thesubgrade which has been achieved and Road pavementconstructed is almost 1.0% to 4.0% cheaper than the Nonmodified subgrade.

(B) Performance of the Road behavior under traffic condition yet tobe evaluated.

(C) Durability of subgrade will be observed onwards in adverseclimatic and environmental conditions.

(A) It is revealed from the test result that Engineering Propertiesspecifically Modified Soil Drastically Change as stated below:

PI =18 reduces to 11 and 28 reduces to 22

CBR= 3.25 increases to 11.02 and 2.80 increases to 13.2

FSI=45.5 falls to 24.0

Above properties are governing factor of strength of thesubgrade which has been achieved and Road pavementconstructed is almost 1.0% to 4.0% cheaper than the Nonmodified subgrade.

(B) Performance of the Road behavior under traffic condition yet tobe evaluated.

(C) Durability of subgrade will be observed onwards in adverseclimatic and environmental conditions.

THANKS!

Dr Shriniwas S Arkatkar,Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department,

SVNIT Surat, Member, STA, Surat, GujaratMobile: +91-8140252777, sarkatkar@gmail.com

THANKS!

Dr Shriniwas S Arkatkar,Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department,

SVNIT Surat, Member, STA, Surat, GujaratMobile: +91-8140252777, sarkatkar@gmail.com

THANKS!

Dr Shriniwas S Arkatkar,Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department,

SVNIT Surat, Member, STA, Surat, GujaratMobile: +91-8140252777, sarkatkar@gmail.com

THANKS!

Dr Shriniwas S Arkatkar,Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department,

SVNIT Surat, Member, STA, Surat, GujaratMobile: +91-8140252777, sarkatkar@gmail.com