REPUBLIC OF GHANA

7TH

REVIEW MEETING OF THE CONVENTION ON NUCLEAR SAFETY

NATIONAL REPORT PRESENTED BY THE REPUBLIC OF GHANA

IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE CONVENTION ON NUCLEAR SAFETY

OBLIGATIONS

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Table of Contents

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS .............................................................................................. 3

INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................... 4

SUMMARY ......................................................................................................................... 6

ARTICLE 6: - EXISTING NUCLEAR INSTALLATIONS............................................... 7

ARTICLE 7: - LEGISLATIVE AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK ........................... 7

ARTICLE 8: - REGULATORY BODY ............................................................................ 10

ARTICLE 9: - RESPONSIBILITY OF THE LICENCE HOLDER ................................. 13

ARTICLE 10: - PRIORITY TO SAFETY ........................................................................ 14

ARTICLE 11: - FINANCIAL AND HUMAN RESOURCE ............................................ 14

ARTICLE 12: - HUMAN FACTORS ............................................................................... 16

ARTICLE 13: - QUALITY ASSURANCE ....................................................................... 16

ARTICLE 14: - ASSESSMENT AND VERIFICATION OF SAFETY ........................... 17

ARTICLE 15: - RADIATION PROTECTION ................................................................. 18

ARTICLE 16: - EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS ......................................................... 18

ARTICLE 17: - SITING .................................................................................................... 19

ARTICLE 18: - DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION ......................................................... 20

ARTICLE 19: - OPERATION........................................................................................... 20

ANNEXES ......................................................................................................................... 21

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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

ASME NQA American Society of Mechanical Engineers Nuclear Quality Assurance-

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CIAE China Institute of Atomic Energy

CNS Convention on Nuclear Safety

DOE Department of Energy

GHARR-1 Ghana Research Reactor -1

GNPPO Ghana Nuclear Power Programme Organization

GOG Government of Ghana

HRD Human Resource Development

IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency

INSAG International Nuclear Safety Group

INSEP International Nuclear Safeguards Engagement Programme

NADMO National Disaster Management Organization

NNSA National Nuclear Safety Administration

NPID Nuclear Power Infrastructure Development

NRA Nuclear Regulatory Authority

RDC Regional Designated Centre

RWMC Radioactive Waste Management Centre

SNAS School of Nuclear and Allied Sciences

SSC Structures, Systems, and Components

USIE Unified System for Information Exchange in Incidents and Emergencies

USNRC United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission

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INTRODUCTION

Ghana seeks to derive maximum benefits from nuclear science and technology while

ensuring the safe, secured and peaceful utilization of these nuclear technologies. The

Republic of Ghana acceded to the Convention on Nuclear Safety (CNS) in 2011.

A comprehensive legislation, Nuclear Regulatory Authority Act, 2015 (Act 895),

covering the three thematic areas of safety, security and safeguards is in enforce. The Act

established an independent body, the Nuclear Regulatory Authority (NRA). The powers

of the NRA enshrined in the Act, include development of regulations, issuance of

authorisation by registration and licensing, inspection, and enforcement.

Ghana’s nuclear power programme and the needed infrastructure is still under

development. A national roadmap for the Ghana’s nuclear programme has been

developed based on the IAEA Milestone Approach for Nuclear Power Development.

Actions have been identified for each of the 19 infrastructural issues spanning across the

three Phases.

Ghana Nuclear Power Programme Organization (GNPPO) formed as part of the

recommendation of the IAEA, has been mandated to coordinate the activities of all

stakeholder institutions involved in the planning and implementation of Ghana’s nuclear

power programme.

Ghana’s National Science Technology and Innovation Policy document identifies

education, energy, nuclear science and technology sectors as key pillars for the country’s

development plan. In view of this, the country attaches great importance to nuclear

science education and training at the Graduate School of Nuclear and Allied Sciences of

the University of Ghana. The school is an IAEA African Regional Designated Centre

(RDC) for professional Training and Higher Education in Nuclear Science and

Technology.

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This national report describes measures taken by the Government of Ghana for

implementing its obligations under the Convention of Nuclear Safety (CNS). Its structure

complies with the recommendations of the Guidelines of the CNS regarding the form and

structure of national reports. Ghana is embarking on nuclear power programme, therefore

reports on Articles 6-19.

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SUMMARY

Ghana has since the promulgation of the Nuclear Regulatory Authority Act, 2015 (Act

895), established an independent Nuclear Regulatory Authority (NRA) with its functions

and responsibilities defined. The law provides for the regulation and management of

activities and practices for the peaceful uses of nuclear material or energy, radioactive

material or radiation; the protection of persons and the environment against the harmful

effects of radiation hazards and to ensure the implementation of the country’s

international obligations and for related matters. The NRA has set out to develop

regulations and guidelines to ensure implementation of the provisions of Nuclear

Regulatory Authority Act, 2015 (Act 895).

The country’s nuclear power programme is being developed in line with the IAEA

recommended internationally accepted comprehensive framework for developing

infrastructure for nuclear power. The GNPPO has an advisory body and a technical wing

composed of the Nuclear Power Institute (NPI) of Ghana Atomic Energy Commission,

Directorate of Nuclear Installations (DNI) of the Nuclear Regulatory Authority, Ghana

and other stakeholders. The GNPPO recognises the need to establish mechanisms for

developing and sustaining a human resource base through a systematic approach to

education and training for implementation of Ghana’s nuclear power programme.

The government of Ghana has also signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) and

a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) with Russia and MOU with China on Cooperation

on Ghana Nuclear Power Programme.

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ARTICLE 6: - EXISTING NUCLEAR INSTALLATIONS

Ghana has no nuclear installation by the definition of Convention of Nuclear Safety

(CNS) but operates a 30kW tank-in-pool research reactor, which uses Highly Enriched

Uranium (HEU) as fuel. The Nuclear Reactors Research Centre (NRRC) of National

Nuclear Research Institute (NNRI) which operates Ghana Research Reactor-1 (GHARR-

1) is undertaking steps to convert the reactor core from High Enriched Uranium (HEU) to

Low Enriched Uranium (LEU).

As part of efforts aimed at converting the GHARR-1 from the use of HEU to LEU, Ghana

Atomic Energy Commission has collaborated with NRA, IAEA, the Government of the

Republic of China, the United States Department of Energy, and other vendors in the

nuclear industry. The NRA is collaborating with regulatory bodies in the regulatory

control of activities related to the core conversion.

ARTICLE 7: - LEGISLATIVE AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK

In 2015, the NRA Act 895, was promulgated by the Government to establish and

maintain a comprehensive legislative and regulatory framework to among other things

govern the safety of nuclear installations, provide for a system of licensing, regulatory

inspection and assessment of nuclear installations and to ascertain compliance and

enforcement of safety related regulations.

Ghana has been a member of the IAEA since September 1960 and a party to the

following International Legal Instruments of the IAEA; Comprehensive Safeguards

agreement in connection with the Treaty on Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons

(1973); Additional Protocol to the Agreement on Safeguards in connection with the

Treaty on Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (2002);the Convention on Nuclear

Safety ( 1995);the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CBTB);the African Nuclear

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Weapon Free Zone Treaty (Pelindaba); Amendment to the Convention on Physical

Protection of Nuclear Material (2005);The Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel

Management and on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management ( the Joint

Convention); the Convention on Assistance in the Case of Nuclear Accident or

Radiological Emergency (1987), the Convention on Early Notification of a Nuclear

Accident (1987) and the Convention on Supplementary Compensation for Nuclear

Damage (CSC) (1997).

National Safety Requirements and Regulations

The Nuclear Regulatory Authority has set out to develop regulations and guidelines to

ensure implementation of the provisions of NRA Act 895. The following regulations and

associated guidelines are under development:

1. Nuclear Safeguards

2. Siting of Nuclear Installations

3. Licensing of Nuclear Installations

4. Nuclear Power Generation in Ghana

5. Emergency Preparedness of Nuclear Installations

6. Safety and Security of nuclear installations

7. Operation of a Nuclear and Radioactive Waste Management Facility

8. Compensations and Limitation on Right of Compensation, Exceptions to Liability

9. Provision of Radiation Monitoring Services, Calibration of Radiation Monitoring

Instruments and Consultancy to Authorised Practices and Activities

10. Nuclear and Radioactive Waste Management Programme for Authorised Persons

11. Management System including Quality Assurance and Quality Control of

Authorised Activities

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12. Design, Re-Design and Modification of a Nuclear Installation and Performance

Criteria

13. Decommissioning and Decommissioning Plan of a Nuclear Installation

14. Construction of a Nuclear Installation

15. Radiation Protection Programme of a Nuclear Installation

16. Periodic Testing, Maintenance, Inspection and Control of Modifications and

Surveillance of a Nuclear Installation

17. Operational Limits and Conditions of a Nuclear Installation

18. Commissioning of a Nuclear Installation

19. Education, Training, Qualification and Certification of Personnel of a Nuclear

Installation

20. Establishing and Operating a Training Institution for Personnel of a Nuclear

Installation

System of licensing, Regulatory Assessments and Inspections

An applicant shall not engage in an activity or a practice which involves the use of

nuclear material or any radiation source, unless that person is authorised by the Nuclear

Regulatory Authority.

Enforcement of Applicable Regulations

The NRA may issue an order for a temporary cessation of activities, in the case of an

imminent or actual hazard to the public or the environment and immediate cessation when

a situation for which the operator is responsible poses a safety or security hazard to

humans and the environment, and shall ensure that the operator resolves the safety and

security concerns.

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The NRA may also modify, suspend or revoke the authorisation or issue a warning notice

to an authorised person who contravenes a minor safety or security requirement or

procedure.

ARTICLE 8: - REGULATORY BODY

On the establishment of the Nuclear Regulatory Authority, regulation of nuclear and

radioactive material and substances have been assigned entirely to the regulatory body. It

also has established an organogram and has its own budget line approved by parliament,

making it completely independent of any other user and promoter of nuclear and

radioactive material. It also establishes a regulatory control system including

authorisation, inspection and enforcement

Organisational Structure

The governing body of the NRA consists of a chairperson and six other members. The

NRA has three Directorates and ten Departments. The Nuclear Safety, Security and

Safeguards, Emergency Preparedness and Response Departments of the NRA have the

oversight responsibility of developing regulations related to nuclear power.

Human Resource Development

A Human Resource Department has been established at NRA to ensure the continual

development and sustenance of the competence of staff. Staff of the regulatory authority

continually participate in IAEA workshops, technical meeting, training and fellowship

programs to build their competence. In-house seminars are organised for staff returning

from such international programs to share knowledge and skills acquired with colleagues.

Key amongst the training programmes is the IAEA Post Graduate Education Course on

Radiation, Transport and Waste Safety organised by the IAEA in cooperation with the

Government of Ghana through the School of Nuclear and Allied Sciences, University of

Ghana.

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For the purposes of monitoring the GHARR-1 core conversion activities, some staff of

the NRA have received training in security in the transport of radioactive materials,

validation of package design certification and safeguards of nuclear materials.

Management System of NRA

The NRA management seeks to ensure that licensees operate their facilities at all times in

a safe, secured and safeguarded manner. The NRA is dedicated to have good leadership

that shall transform strategic direction into operational programmes and has public safety

as her primary focus. The NRA has independence in regulatory decision making from any

undue influence on the part of the nuclear industry and those sectors of government that

sponsor this industry. The NRA has technical competence at its core, with other

competencies built upon this fundamental and essential requirement. The NRA seeks to

be open and transparent in its development of regulations and decisions. The NRA in

collaboration with other regulatory bodies and IAEA is currently developing

requirements, guidelines and code of practices that shall be clear and easily understood by

all stakeholders. The NRA continues to make clear, balanced and unbiased decisions, and

is accountable for those decisions; and is building a strong organisational capability in

terms of adequate resources, strong leadership and robust management systems. The

NRA is performing her regulatory functions in a timely and efficient manner; has and

encourages a continuous self-improvement and learning culture; including the willingness

to subject herself to independent peer reviews. The Board of NRA initiates policies for

the development of the Authority; ensures the proper management of resources and the

implementation of the functions conferred on the Authority under Act 895 and any other

enactments. The Board of the NRA meets at least once every three months. The Technical

Committee of NRA reviews policies, criteria, guidelines, procedures and other related

matters of the Authority, reviews the licensing and certification requirements for technical

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support services and consultancies, reviews and recommends for the NRA Board’s

approval reports to be sent to International Atomic Energy Agency. The Committee holds

regular meetings in order to discharge all of its duties. The Finance Committee of NRA

looks at the financial position of the Authority at each time and suggest avenues of

improving upon income generating activities of the Authority, reviews the financial

statement of the Authority for each year and submits its comments and recommendations

to the Authority for the necessary action to be taken, reviews investment instruments for

financial sustainability of the operations of the Authority for approval by the NRA Board.

The Executive Committee assists the Director-General in the day to day administration of

the affairs of the Authority as set out in Act 895, recommends policy criteria, guidelines,

procedures and other related matters of the Authority for review by the Technical

Committee, recommends the licensing and certification requirements for technical

support services and consultancies, recommends for approval reports to be sent to the

International Atomic Energy Agency, including reports on Ghana's obligations under the

Joint Convention, Convention on Nuclear Safety, among others. The Committee holds

regular meetings in order to discharge all of its duties. Resource Management section of

the Management System addresses, Recruitment, Selection and Appointment of

Personnel; Performance, Assessment and Training; and Employing Temporary Workers

and Outsourcing. Process Implementation section of the Management System Addresses

Documents control; Control of records; Purchasing; Communications; Managing

organizational changes; Project Management; Preparation of Technical Reports;

Regulatory Technical Support; Incoming and Outgoing Correspondence; Numerical

Calculations; Archiving; Software Administration & ICT. Measuring, Assessing and

Improving section of the Management System addresses Self-Assessment; Independent

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Assessment; Management System Review; Non-Conformances, Corrective and

Preventive Actions; Improvement Proposals.

The NRA has three Directorates and ten Departments. Regulations are drafted at the

Directorates, reviewed by an Inter-Directorate Committee, followed by review from

Executive Committee, Technical Committee and the Board. Stakeholders are consulted

and involved in the development of the regulations through Workshops, Public Meetings

and involvement in Committees. The regulations developed are forwarded to Parliament

of Ghana for Gazetting.

Financial Resource and Technical Development

The Nuclear Regulatory Authority is financed through the following:

1. Moneys appropriated by Parliament

2. Loans, loan guarantees and grants

3. Fees and charges due the NRA from services rendered by or through the NRA etc.

The regulatory authority continues to collaborate with external agencies including the

IAEA, DOE, USNRC, NNSA and CIAE in the area of technical support for its activities

and staff.

ARTICLE 9: - RESPONSIBILITY OF THE LICENCE HOLDER

The Nuclear Regulatory Authority Act, 2015 (Act 895) sets out the general obligations on

the part of the licensee. The Act states that the licensee is responsible for the safety of the

installation and its operation. To ensure that the licensee discharges its prime

responsibility for safety, the Nuclear Regulatory Authority is mandated to establish the

safety requirements. The Act also requires all operators to provide training, information

and guidance on nuclear safety, and radiation protection to the public and also to maintain

a management and human resource development system within the organisation.

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ARTICLE 10: - PRIORITY TO SAFETY

The Nuclear Regulatory Authority is mandated to facilitate the development of national

policies on the regulation and management of activities and practices with respect to

nuclear safety. The responsibility to ensure the safety of any activity or practice

associated with the design, construction and operation of nuclear installations however,

rests with the licensee.

The NRA is in the process of developing regulations that shall provide for the safety of

nuclear material and facilities; the types of authorisation and their duration, renewal,

suspension, modification and revocation; the programme and procedure of inspection;

education, training, qualification and certification requirements for personnel to manage

and operate facilities; the hold points in deploying nuclear power plant, assessment and

verification and the implementation of other international conventions which relate to

nuclear technology to which Ghana is signatory and has ratified.

ARTICLE 11: - FINANCIAL AND HUMAN RESOURCE

Ghana currently does not have a nuclear power plant but at present developing the

necessary infrastructure in order to build one in the near future. To this end the financial

resource detailed here is grouped under two main areas; funding for the programme and

regulations regarding financial provisions for decommissioning and management of spent

fuel and radioactive waste from future nuclear installations.

Regarding funding for the construction of the nuclear power plant, the government of

Ghana is looking at different financial sources - including export credits, commercial

loans, bonds, equity and modern instruments. With the support of IAEA, GNPPO staffs

are being trained to use the Agency’s FINPLAN tool in assessing other financial options.

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In addition, the government of Ghana has signed an MOU and MOA with Russia and an

MOU with China on cooperation on Ghana Nuclear Power Programme.

Financial Provisions for Decommissioning

The Nuclear Regulatory Authority Act, (Act 895) mandates the NRA to ensure that the

operator of any nuclear facility shall provide adequate financial resources needed to cover

the cost associated with safe decommissioning, including the management of the resulting

waste during the operation of the facility. The NRA is to develop mechanisms to enforce

this obligation by the time the first nuclear power plant is ready to be commissioned.

Human Resource Development

The introduction of nuclear power as part of the national energy mix requires developing

the human resource base with competent workforce for the sustainability and continued

success of the program. The strategy therefore is to plan how competence will be built

and sustained through an effective combination of education, training, working

experience, re-training and performance improvement initiatives.

The Human Resource Development Strategy Document outlines the human resource

needs of the NRA and the owner/operator organisation. In addition, the document has

also given consideration on workforce planning, education, training, recruitment and

retention of staff.

Considering the importance of a well-trained personnel with relevant competencies and

skills, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission (GAEC) in collaboration with the University

of Ghana and with the support of the IAEA has established the School of Nuclear and

Allied Sciences (SNAS). The School runs nuclear-oriented academic programmes which

are organised under five departments at the post graduate level. SNAS is an IAEA

Regional Designated Centre for professional and higher education in nuclear science and

technology, and education and training in radiation protection. The school is also an

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IAEA regional hub for the African region’s AFRA Network for Education in Nuclear

Science and Technology (AFRA-NEST).

ARTICLE 12: - HUMAN FACTORS

The safe and reliable operation of nuclear installations depend not only on technical

excellence but also on individuals and the organization. To prevent, detect, and correct

human errors, the licensee of the nuclear installation is required among other things to

employ personnel with technical capabilities, ensure their training, and also adopt

relevant quality assurance and operation management programmes.

The operators of any nuclear installation would be required to establish and implement a

management system which would be assessed and improved continually. The

management system would enhance safety by bringing together in a coherent manner all

the requirement for managing the nuclear installation.

The management system would define the responsibilities of personnel for each process

and of the managers and functions in the organizational structure, so that there are clear

lines of authority and accountability.

ARTICLE 13: - QUALITY ASSURANCE

In order to achieve GNPPO objective of promoting the development and advancement of

a national nuclear infrastructure that can adequately support nuclear energy generation,

there is need for a management system outlining the safety and quality assurance

requirements necessary for all nuclear facilities and activities.

The GNPPO has therefore developed a management system document that encompasses

established integrated management system approach to ensure safe, reliable, and efficient

management of radioactive material and their application for nuclear power. The

document was developed based on IAEA safety standards; the management systems for

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nuclear facilities and activities (GS-R-3), Fundamental safety principles (SF-1), and

ASME NQA-1 publications.

ARTICLE 14: - ASSESSMENT AND VERIFICATION OF SAFETY

For the quality of the assessment and verification of safety process, Article 14 of the

Convention on Nuclear Safety has stipulated that the assessment should depend on the

professional competence, independence and integrity of the regulatory body. The Nuclear

Regulatory Authority Act has provisions to implement the provisions of Article 14 of the

Convention on Nuclear Safety. The legislation specifies that any person intending to

establish a nuclear installation shall obtain a license from the NRA before embarking on

such undertaking.

Another aspect of the safety requirements of nuclear installations is an effective ageing

management programme during the operational life of any nuclear facility. GHARR-1

for example, has a comprehensive ageing management plan. Under the CNS and the

current regulatory order, the NRA is to ensure safety assessment and review functions

with respect to ageing management.

The method for conducting the assessment at each stage of the nuclear installation

lifetime is the sole preserve of the NRA. The assessment and verification of information

requirements at each stage are met and documented for future reference.

As part of efforts to enhance assessment and verification of safety, Ghana has requested

the IAEA to conduct an INIR mission for Phase 1 of the development of the nuclear

power program.

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ARTICLE 15: - RADIATION PROTECTION

The NRA is mandated by law (Act 895) to adopt the principles of protecting humans from

harmful effects arising from radiation exposure. Additionally, it prescribes measures

aimed at preventing undue radiation exposure of humans through regulations, guidelines

and standards.

The NRA is to develop radiation protection policy aimed at ensuring that during all

operational states of the nuclear installation, radiation exposures to site personnel and the

public remains as low as reasonable achievable (ALARA). In order to ensure that releases

of radioactive waste and effluents to the environment are kept ALARA, the operator shall

ensure that measurements are performed to determine contamination levels.

The NRA shall review and assess nuclear installations from the pre-construction stage,

construction, pre-commissioning, commissioning and to operations stage for radiation

safety.

ARTICLE 16: - EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS

The law requires that the licensee puts in place an Emergency Preparedness and

Response Plan (EPR). The NRA in collaboration with the National Disaster

Management Organization (NADMO) and other stakeholders have developed a

National Nuclear and Radiological Emergency Response Plan. The National

Emergency Plan ensures comprehensive allocation of responsibilities and actions

among the stakeholders.

The Facility Emergency Response Plan should be consistent with that of the National

Plan. Procedure for communicating and information dissemination to the public during

an emergency event is detailed in the National Emergency Response Plan.

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ARTICLE 17: - SITING

The Act 895 outlines regulatory requirements for national site evaluation process and

criteria for nuclear installations. The regulatory body also ensures that an application for

authorization to construct and operate a nuclear installation comes with a Site Evaluation

Report for assessment and review.

Siting assessment studies are currently ongoing to select a preferred site for Ghana’s first

nuclear power plant. The strategies being adopted in the site assessment studies are:

identification of applicable siting evaluation criteria and development of a suitable site

identification methodology which will lead to the selection of preferred site;

establishment of a profound and corresponding relationship with all stakeholders; and

detailed evaluation of selected sites to develop engineering site data for nuclear power

plant design purposes.

The selection of a suitable site for Ghana’s nuclear power plant includes various studies

on the following thematic areas, geology and seismology, water availability and quality,

meteorology and atmospheric dispersion, population and exclusion, human induced event,

emergency planning, flooding, wildlife, archaeology and cultural preservation, Land use,

and community impact.

A Siting Charter has been developed by GNPPO to serve as a comprehensive activity

guide in addressing the criteria identified. Among others, the document provides detailed

activities required to adequately assess the geological, seismological and geotechnical

characteristics of proposed sites. Information required for addressing meteorological and

atmospheric dispersion concerns in the site selection procedure for the NRA’s

acceptability of a candidate site has been highlighted.

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ARTICLE 18: - DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

The NRA is to establish a process for the evaluation and approval of proposed sites for

the development of a nuclear installation and associated facilities before detailed

evaluation of the site and pre-construction review and assessment of the facility are

commenced.

ARTICLE 19: - OPERATION

To ensure the safe and secure management of radioactive waste, the NRA is mandated by

Act 895 to develop regulations for the protection of the public and the environment from

adverse impacts of radioactive waste management activities. The NRA has drafted a

National Radioactive Waste Management Regulations which is undergoing review. A

National Radioactive Waste Management Policy and Strategy Document has also been

drafted. The Radioactive Waste Management Centre (RWMC) of Ghana Atomic Energy

Commission is responsible for the safe and secure management of “disused” radioactive

sources generated in Ghana to safeguard human lives and the environment. The RWMC

has managed radioactive waste generated in Ghana including historic/legacy and

orphaned sources safely since its establishment through the support of stakeholder

institutions. The Centre operates a medium Centralized radioactive waste facility where

radioactive waste is characterized and stored awaiting further management. Over the

years, the Centre has developed its technical capability through the provision of technical

services to clients, collaboration in technical cooperation (TC) projects with stakeholder

organizations, and human resources training and management. The Centre has acquired

the technical capacity to play pioneering roles in radioactive waste management in the

Africa. The Centre has had collaborative workings and partnerships with regional and

international organizations namely: The Africa Regional Co-operative Agreement for

Research Development and Training related to Nuclear Science and Technology (AFRA),

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The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and the Unites States of America

Department of Energy (DOE).

The Government of Ghana as part of its long term management strategy for stored

disused sealed radioactive sources (DSRS) has opted for the IAEA developed Borehole

Disposal System (BDS) as an end-point management option. The BDS is being

implemented as a project with the Ghana Atomic Energy Commission (GAEC) as the

implementing institution. The project has traversed three IAEA TC cycles. An initial site

investigation and characterization as well as initial Safety Assessment (SA) for the BDS

have been performed. Detailed site characterization activities involving geological,

hydrogeological and hydrochemical investigation a second iteration safety assessment are

currently on-going.

ANNEXES

1. Nuclear Regulatory Authority Act, 2015 (Act 895).

2. National Nuclear and Radiological Emergency Response Plan, Prepared by

NADMO and GAEC with support from UNDP, January 2010.

3. Preparedness and Response for a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency, General

Safety Requirement-Part 2, IAEA, 2002.

4. Radiation Protection and Safety of Radiation Sources: International Basic Safety

Standards, General Safety Requirement- Part 3, IAEA, 2014.

5. Preparedness and Response for a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency. General

Safety Requirement Part 7, IAEA, 2015.

6. Siting Charter, Nuclear Power Institute, GAEC.

7. HRD Strategy, Nuclear Power Institute, GAEC.

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8. Draft on Waste Management Regulations, NRA.