Birds, Reptiles, Amphibians, Vascular Plants, and Habitat ...
Reptiles and Birds
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Transcript of Reptiles and Birds
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Reptiles and Birds
What were some things that they have in common?
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Snakes• Nearly 2/3 of snakes are non-venomous
• Less than 2% are considered harmful to humans
• Jacobson’s organ• A snake’s skull is made up of several
connected bones• Snakes have between 100-400
vertebrae
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Northern Copperhead (Agkistrodon contortrix mokasen)
• 32 species of snake found in TN, the copperhead is 1 of the 4 that is venomous
• Average length of 30 inches
• Are crotalids, which are pit vipers
• Prefers to live in wooded area with rocky outcroppings near a body of water
• When disturbed they usually freeze up rather than evade
• Sometimes produce a cucumber like smell when touched
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Dendroaspis polylepisBlack Mamba
• Fastest snake in the world• Can move at 12mph
• Lives in Africa• Average length of 2.5 meters, can
grow up to 4.5 meters• A single bite can kill 10-25 men!• Fastest acting venom in the world
• Can kill a human in 20 minutes
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Coral Snakes vs. King Snakes
Coral snakes-large group of elapid snakes-venomous
King snakes-large group of calubrid snakes-non-venomous
Batesian Mimicry
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Family Boidae• ancient family of snakes
• Have vestigial pelvic girdles that are partially visible as spurs
• Feed by a process of constriction
Boa constrictor (Boa constrictor)• Can grow up to 13ft and weigh up to
60lbs• Can be found from Northern Mexico
through South America
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Common snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina)
• Widest distributed freshwater turtle in N. America• Very common in Tennessee River system
• Can weigh up to 45lbs with shell length up to 18 inches
• Can live up to 40 years
• Prefer soft, warm, muddy bottoms with lots of vegetations
• Opportunistic feeders
• Must leave water to lay eggs
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Loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta)
• Grow between 34-47 inches, 170-350lbs
• Endangered species
• can be found in Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific oceans, and the Mediterranean Sea
• Come back to beach where they were hatched to lay eggs• Florida is a very active nesting ground
(over 67,000 nests built per year)
• Endangered species• Hunted for food, get trapped in gillnets,
artificial lighting
• Temperature dependent sex determination
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Leatherback sea turtle (Dermochelys coriacea)
• Can grow up to 6 and half feet long and weight up 2,000lbs
• Only sea turtle that lacks hard, bony shell
• Most common off shores of South America and Africa
• Can dive up to 3900ft
• They have pointed tooth-like cusps and sharp edged jaws that are perfectly adapted for a diet of soft-bodied jellyfish
• Critically endangered species
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Eastern glass lizard (Ophisaurus ventralis)
• Superficially similar to a snake but…• Have moveable eyelids• External ear openings• And inflexible jaws
• Can grow between 18-43 inches long
• Get their name because the often “shatter” when caught
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Gliding Lizards!
• There are 28 species of lizard of genus Draco, found in Sri Lanks, India and Southeast Asia
• Wings are supported by their rib bones
• Also use wings as form of communication
• Common in rainforests Black-bearded Gliding Lizard (Draco melanopogon)
• Glides 5m for every 1m lost
• Feeds on ants, termites and small invertebrates
• Female lays only 2 eggs per clutch
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Komodo dragon (Varanus komodoensis)
• Largest lizard in the world• average length of 2 to 3 metres (6.6 to 9.8 ft)
and average weight of 70 kilograms (150 lb).
• Live in an around Indonesia
• Prey on invertebrates, birds and mammals
• Can detect rotten meat from 4–9.5 kilometres (2.5–6 mi) away.
• Live in savannahs and grasslands
• Can swallow small goats whole
• Slow metabolism allows them to be able to eat as few as 12 times a year
• Saliva is full of bacteria and contains venom
• Can have offspring from mating two years previous
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Lyrebird_Unbeleivable_Jungle_Bird_Mimics_Bird_and_Human_Sounds.mp4
Lyrebird
• 2 species of ground-dwelling Australian birds• Superb Lyrebird (Menura novaehollandiae)• Albert’s Lyrebird (Menura alberti)
• most elaborate syrinx of any of the Passerines
• Performs courtship dances…can last up to 43 minutes!
• When in danger they run rather than fly
• Have elaborate tails used in mating rituals
• A group of lyrebirds is known as a musket
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WoodpeckersOrder: Piciformes
• over 180 species of woodpeckers
• can be found on every continent other than Australia
• The woodpecker's strong, pointed beak acts as both a chisel and a crowbar to remove bark and find hiding insects
• Has very long tongue (some up to 4 inches long)
• Has two toes pointing in each direction
• Many have stiffened tail feathers to help support body
Pileated Woodpecker (Dryocopus pileatus)
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European starling (Sturnus vulgaris)
• member of the Passerine family
• Insectivorous
• Flocking bird
• Population of over 200 million in North America
• Brought over by the Acclimation Society of North America (thanks Bill Shakespeare)
• Are a nuisance…take over native bird nests