Reptiles and Amphibians ppt
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Transcript of Reptiles and Amphibians ppt
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Reptiles and Amphibians
A Presentation From:
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Reptiles
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There are 6,800 reptile species on earth.The major reptile groups are:
Alligators and Crocodiles
Turtles and Tortoises
Snakes
Lizards
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Reptiles are Vertebrates
They have an internal skeleton with a backbone.
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Reptiles have tough, dry, scaly skin made of keratin (what fingernails are
made of) that protects them from drying out. The large scales of turtles,tortoises, and crocodilians are called scutes.
Reptiles Have
Dry, Scaly Skin
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Reptiles shed their skin to grow bigger.
Snakes shed their skin all in one piece, turning it inside out as
they shed. The skin is left in one piece and looks like a tube.An adult snake will shed two to five times a year. A young
snake will shed more often as it grows faster.
Most lizards shed their skin in pieces. That often begins with
the skin splitting down the lizards back. A rapidly growing
lizard might shed every two weeks. Legless lizards shed theirskins like a snake.
Corn Snake
shedding its skin
Leopard Gecko
shedding its skin
Green Anole
lizard eating its
shed skin
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Crocodiles and alligators have large scales (scutes), which
are shed individually .
A turtles skin is shed like a lizards. The hard shells ofmost turtles are not shed. Instead new layers are added to
the underside of their shells. The age of the turtle can be
determined by the number of rings on its shells scutes.
Scutes on a live Alligator
Alligator
Scute Fossils
Turtle Scutes
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Reptiles are EctothermicMost reptiles are ectothermic - they use their environment to warm and cool
their bodies. If they are cold, they must lay in the sun to raise their body
temperature. If they get too hot, they must find shade to cool off. Many
reptiles are active at night, so they can avoid becoming too hot and having
their skin dry out.
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Reptiles produce tough, leathery shelled eggs that keep moisture and
warmth in and predators out. Most reptiles lay their eggs in a place
where they will be kept warm and humid. Some reptiles keep their
eggs inside their bodies and then give birth to live young. Most reptileslay their eggs and then leave them.
Lizard in egg
Snake
Turtle
Reptiles Lay Eggs
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Reptile Babies Look Like Little Adults
Reptiles possess most of their adult characteristics at the timeof hatching. Unlike most amphibians, they do not undergo a
larval stage or experience metamorphosis.
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There are over 4,675 lizards species in six families:
Iguanas
ChameleonsMonitors
Skinks
Geckos
Gila Monsters
Lizards
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Amphibians
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There are about 4,000 species of amphibians.
The major amphibian groups are:
1. Frogs and Toads
2. Salamanders
3. Caecilians (she-SILL-yens)
(a legless, salamander-type animal)
http://yahooligans.yahoo.com/content/animals/species/4480.html -
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Amphibians are Vertebrates
They have an internal skeleton and a backbone.
Bull Frog SkeletonToad Skeleton
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Amphibians are Ectothermic
Couchs Spadefoot Toad
Tiger SalamanderGreen Frog
Amphibians are ectothermic - they use their environment to warm and
cool their bodies. If they are cold, they must lay in the sun to raise their
body temperature. If they get too hot, they must find shade to cool off.
Many amphibians are active at night, so they can avoid becoming too hot
and having their skin dry out.
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Amphibians have thin, permeable skin. This means the skin lets water pass
into their bodies easily. Many amphibians dont need to drink water. Animalsthat dont live near the water absorb enough water from the moist soil they
live in. Their thin skin also allows them to absorb oxygen. This is helpful for
the animal because they have small lungs.
Amphibians Have Special Skin
Tiger SalamanderBull Frog
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Amphibians Shed their Skin
Frogs, toads, and salamanders have thin skins that
they shed regularly.
They shed their skin in one piece.
Once the skin is shed, they eat it!
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Amphibians Lay Their Eggs in Water
Amphibian eggs dont have shells. Instead they are protected by a clear,
jellylike substance and must be kept it water or in wet conditions.
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Amphibians Go Through Metamorphosis
Young amphibians do not look like they will when they are adults.
Amphibian means "double life" in Greek. Most amphibians start life in
the water and then, through metamorphosis, develop into adults that
live mostly on land.
During metamorphosis the animals bodies will have many changes.
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Metamorphosis of a Frog
The younger
tadpoles still have
their gills. The older
tadpoles have lost
their gills and are
breathing with
lungs.
Adult frogs with spawn (jellylike eggs) Embryos beginning to split in two
Tadpoles still in spawn
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The back legs are just
starting to develop.
The back legs have grown a little.
The back legs are developed.
The front legs are now present.
This froglet is now
8 weeks old. It still
has its tail, but it
looks almost like an
adult.
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Salamander Metamorphosis
Salamanders in eggs.
Salamander with gills.
Their heads are not as
large as a frog tadpole.
This adult salamander is
now able to live on the
land. Salamanders like to
stay under moist leaves and
rocks.
Salamander with gills.
The front legs develop first.
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Alligators?
Frogs?
Lizards?
Salamanders?
Snakes?
Turtles?
What were they?
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This alligator from Florida
grew to be about 20 ft. in length.
This alligator lived in
Colorado about
50 million years ago.
Today, the American Alligator
grows to be 8 to 13 ft. long andweighs just over 1,000 pounds.
Prehistoric
Today
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What was it?
Alligator?
Frog?
Lizard?
Salamander?
Snake?
Turtle?