ReProTool Kick-off-Meeting University of Nicosia Nicosia March 1-2 / 2012
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Transcript of ReProTool Kick-off-Meeting University of Nicosia Nicosia March 1-2 / 2012
ReProToolKick-off-Meeting
University of NicosiaNicosia March 1-2 / 2012
LEARNING OUTCOMES AND
QUALIFICATIONS FRAMEWORKS
Definition of LOTo Know Be able to doWhat should the learner achieve in terms of knowledge?
What can a learner demonstrate that he has achieved?
Learning outcomes state what the learner is expected to know and able to do at an identified stage of the learning process.
Learning Outcomes• Basis
– to identify the workload – to allocate credits
• Link – to assessment– to teaching and learning methods
• Characterise – the profile of the programme– educational component (module, course, learning unit…)
• Respect– governance – shareholders´ views– ethics – culture
• Credits– Based on workload required to achieve specific learning outcomes – Evidence of success of having achieved specified learning outcomes
• Grade– Qualifying the succes of the achievement of specified learning outcomes
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Challenge:
How do we know whatthe learner should knowand be able to do?
You never stop learning
Options
• Literature (Bloom, EU publications…)• Interviews et al• Four lenses:
– Experience– Ideas– Design– Discourse
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Experience Design
Ideas Discourse
Qualifications FrameworksElements
• Descriptors• Levels• Level Descriptors• Learning Outcomes
Sometimes: creditsSometimes: qualifications (credentials) - which means:
Qualifications Frameworks are generic descriptions of achievements of learning outcomes
Qualifications FrameworkLevel Descriptors6 Level indicator (generic description of the level)
Qualification(credential, or…)
To knowKnowledge
Able to doSkills
Bachelor(Dublin Descriptors)
……….text…. e.g.advanced skills, demonstrating mastery and innovation, in a complex and specialised field of work or study (Copenhagen-LLL
Master(KSC)
e.g. provides a basis or opportunity for originality in developing or applying ideas often in a research context (Bologna)
……text….
Qualificationsframeworks-Referenceframeworks-
Levels of Qualifications-
-Bachelor-Master
-Doctorat
Min. of EducationHigher EducationQFW for EHEA
Bologna-Process
EU-CommissionQFW for LLL
Brugges-Copenhagen- Maastricht-
Process
Described by bundling learning outcomes according to the „Dublin Descriptors“ with Credits
Knowledge and
understanding
Applying k&u
Making judgements
Communication Learn to learn
Levels of Qualifications
1 – 2 – 3 – 4 – 56 – 7 - 8
Described by bundling learning outcomes
according to descriptors
Knowledge &
Under-standing
Skills Competences
Level Descriptors (DQR)Level 5 Be in possession of competences for the autonomous planning and
processing of comprehensive technical tasks assigned within a complex and specialised field of study or field of occupational activity subject to change
Level 6 Be in possession of competences for the processing of comprehensive technical tasks and problems set and be in possession of competences for autonomous management of processes within subareas of scientific subject or within a field of occupational activity. The structure of requirements is characterised by complexity and frequent change
Level 7 Be in possession of competences for the processing of new and complex professional tasks and problems set and be in possession of competences for autonomous management of processes within a scientific subject or within a strategically oriented field of occupational activity. The structure of requirements is characterised by frequent and unpredictable change.
Level 8 Be in possession of competences for the obtaining of research findings in a scientific subject or for the development of innovative solutions and procedures within a field of occupational activity. The structure of requirements is characterised by novel and unclear problem situations.
Volker Gehmlich - Osnabrueck University of Applied Sciences 10
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Imagine you travelled in England (Cyprus?) by carYou are already puzzled
because you have to drive on the wrong (?) side of the road…Then you see the following signpost:
And ask yourself what does that mean ?And a few seconds later you learn ...
This is a circling miracle ! Thousands of roundabouts all in one
Any relationship to Learning Outcomes and Q.Frameworks?
Qualifications Framework
Mobility
QualityRecognition
Open Access - ExitLLL
Learning Outcomes: Employability (Driving Licence)
Question
• Threshold/ minimum versus
• Standard
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LearningUnit / Module/
Course/component
Learning Programme
OrganisationalLevel
Sectoral Level
National Level
EQF LLL
Qualitatively Related Learning Outcomes
Quantitativ
ely Related Credits
Quality assured
Quality assured
EHEA
D: HE QF
Guidelines
• The guiding principles for learning outcomes are the Qualifications Frameworks, specified within a changing environment (PESTEL), the capabilities of the learner and the expectations of the society (stakeholders)
• The guiding principles for ECTS are the Key Features (User´s Guide)
• LO and ECTS got married
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In outcome-based education the educational outcomes are clearly and unambiguously specified.
These determine the curriculum content and its organisation, the teaching methods and strategies, the courses offered, the assessment process, the educational environment and the curriculum timetable.
They also provide a framework for curriculum evaluation.
(Harden1999a)
Challenge at Programme level
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…I know what you have to learn….Follow me…Listen….
Gone! Those were the days…
Today:Learner centred!
volker gehmlich Osnabrueck University of Applied Sciences - Member of EUA 22
Change of Paradigm
Put into Practice: Learning Chain
Programme Profile Learning Outcomes
Credits
Learner´s ProfileCredits
Learning Space
Modular StructureModule Learning Outcomes
AssessmentCredits
Learning and Teaching Material
Internal Quality Management (Credits)External Quality Assurance (Credits)
-Labour Market -Qualificationsframeworks
-Strategy
General / VocationalEducation and
Training
Communication
Challenge
• Qualifications have to be characterised by Learning Outcomes which are described unambiguously to allow for:– Evidence of compability between the
various national, sectoral… and European qualifications frameworks
– Reliable validation of national frameworks
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Learning ChainAchieved (Available):
Tools at work for internal and external Quality Assurance
Programme-LevelLearning Outcomes
Subject-relatedGeneric
-QFR-NQR-HQR-SQR
LearnerCredit Transfer +
AccumulationApplication /CV /
Learning Agreement/TOR / Mobility Pass
Language PassDiploma/Certificate
Supplement
Learning SpaceModule-Level LO
Teaching and Learning, Assessment
Information Package / Course Catalogue
Change of Paradigm
Quality Assurance/ -enhancementStandards & Guidelines / Register
Labour Market
Labour Market
Module
• Definition – A module is a self-contained, formally structured learning
experience with a coherent and explicit set of learning outcomes and assessment criteria.
• Require – Define learning outcomes– Allocate credits
• Facilitate– Design of individual study-programmes (profiles)– modularisation– Different routes (learning pathways) to identifiable degrees,
certificates, profiles etc.
Test: Before your meal According to EQF (LLL):
Learning Outcomes: BurgerKnowledge• LayersSkills• Getting into your mouthCompetence• Responsibility for your
stomach
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Applied Sciences - Member of EUA 27
According to HEA-QF (Dublin Descriptors):
Knowledge• LayersApplying knowledge• Getting into your mouth
Making judgements• Hmmmmm (?)Communicate• Friends…Learn to learn• Criteria for (fast)food
Principles in Practice
Information, Consultation, Analysis processes
Information, Consultation, Analysis processes
Employabilityet al
Learning Space
Information Pack.
Learning Agreement
Award /Diploma Supplement
Transcriptof Records
CreditTransfer /Accumulation
Profile
Level
Modularisation
Learning Outcomes
Workload
IndividualSelection
Performance• Credits• Grade
Descriptors
Learning Chain Design
Learning OutcomesFirst Cycle
Subject-relatedGeneric
180 credits BachelorIQF-SQF DQR
Internal Quality Assurance+EnhancementQuality (LO)/Quantity (Credits)/Assessment
External Quality A+E
Profile: Regional-National-International / General-Special / Research-Applied
Study-Programme
BA-level 6BA-level 6-1BA-level 6-2Knowledge-Widening-DeepeningCapabilityAccessing/Opening / Developing
Knowledge-Widening-DeepeningCapabilityAccessing/Opening / Developing
Knowledge-Widening-DeepeningCapabilityAccessing/Opening / Developing
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BA-level 6-1Knowledge-Widening
-DeepeningCapabilityAccessing/Opening / Developing
Knowledge widening-present tools to design a strategy and to develop business organisations strategically-interpret alternative tools to make a choice -outline consequences of strategic decisionsKnowledge deepening-apply tools to implement a strategic development successfully-identify and interpret strategic issues in different contexts-realise how strategy development can be seen, how processes can be understood and what the implications are for strategy development-differentiate between strategic management in different contextsCapability – Knowledge accessing / opening / developingInstrumental (methodological) capability-apply techniques of strategic analysis-apply techniques to select adequate strategies-apply techniques to implement strategy Communicative / interpersonal capability-use different viewpoints on strategy to explain observable processes in organisations-explain implications of diffrent scenarios and different strategiesSystemic capability-to demonstrate the impact of national and organisational culture on strategy formulation and implementation-to apply techniques in specific business positions
LO in detail
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Knowledge widening-present tools to design a strategy and to develop business organisations strategically-interpret alternative tools to make a choice -outline consequences of strategic decisionsKnowledge deepening-apply tools to implement a strategic development successfully-identify and interpret strategic issues in different contexts-realise how strategy development can be seen, how processes can be understood and what the implications are for strategy development-differentiate between strategic management in different contextsCapability – Knowledge accessing / opening / developingInstrumental (methodological) capability-apply techniques of strategic analysis-apply techniques to select adequate strategies-apply techniques to implement strategy Communicative / interpersonal capability-use different viewpoints on strategy to explain observable processes in organisations-explain implications of diffrent scenarios and different strategiesSystemic capability-to demonstrate the impact of national and organisational culture on strategy formulation and implementation-to apply techniques in specific business positions
Forms of Assessment
-Quizzes(„best two“)
-Oral Presentation(Case Study-
Group)-Oral exam (20 min.
Individual)-Case Study („Open BookExam“-Notes)
The PromiseWhat?• A learner can achieve the learning outcomes (LO)
designed for a learning activity… LO= „Statements of what a learner is expectedto know, understand, and / or be able to do atthe end of a period of learning“
How?• by investing time and effort – his workload WL)
WL= „A quantitative measure of all learning activities that may be feasibly required for the achievement of the learning outcomes“
The Promise
• The workload is expressed as a quantitative figure = credit
• The achievement is expressed as a qualitative result = learning outcomes
• This is documented = Learning Agreement
[email protected] 35volker gehmlich Osnabrueck University of Applied Sciences - Member of EUA 35
We need (to)
Qualifications Frameworks:Identity?
PS. Lunch is at 13.15pm
Same Value!
Learner Centred
Approach
Change of Paradigm
Learning Outcomes
KeyChallenge
s
How to write Learning
Outcomes?
Credits and
Workload Methods:PercentageEvaluation
Determined
Levels and their
Descriptors
Qualifications Frameworks
Quality Assured
Academic Recognition
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That´s not too (heavy) difficult – or?
Can we do it?
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YES,
WE CAN
You never stop learning
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But changing education and training is a slow process! It may take more than a life-time
However, it is possible to put lipstick on a pig – but it stays a
pig.Changing
education and training is
much more than putting on lipstick – and much more
than lipservice