Reproduction UnitReproduction Unit

Male Reproductive SystemMale Reproductive SystemPuberty - period of growth when

secondary sex characteristics appear.Puberty begins when a male begins to

secrete:Testosterone, a hormone that

produces male secondary sex characteristics

Puberty - period of growth when secondary sex characteristics appear.

Puberty begins when a male begins to secrete:Testosterone, a hormone that

produces male secondary sex characteristics

Male Secondary Sex CharacteristicsMale Secondary Sex Characteristics Increase in height Increase in

perspirationGrowth of underarm

hairGrowth of pubic

hairBroader shoulders

Increase in height Increase in

perspirationGrowth of underarm

hairGrowth of pubic

hairBroader shoulders

Deepened voice Increase in muscle

mass Increase in size of

reproductive organsFormation of sperm

Deepened voice Increase in muscle

mass Increase in size of

reproductive organsFormation of sperm

Male Reproductive SystemMale Reproductive SystemThese characteristics may not appear all

at once. They will vary from person to person.

Reproductive System - organs in the body involved in producing offspring

These characteristics may not appear all at once. They will vary from person to person.

Reproductive System - organs in the body involved in producing offspring

PenisPenisPenis: 1, E

Male sex organ

Used for reproduction

Used for urination

Penis: 1, EMale sex organ

Used for reproduction

Used for urination

Urethra

Penis

TesticleScrotum

Epididymis

Vas Deferens

Cowper’s Gland

Prostate Gland

Seminal Vesicle

TestesTestesTestes: 2, I

2 glands

Produce testosterone & sperm cells

Testes: 2, I2 glands

Produce testosterone & sperm cells

Urethra

Penis

TesticleScrotum

Epididymis

Vas Deferens

Cowper’s Gland

Prostate Gland

Seminal Vesicle

ScrotumScrotumScrotum: 1, E

Sac-like pouchHolds testesRegulates testicle temperature so

that healthy sperm are created

Scrotum: 1, ESac-like pouchHolds testesRegulates testicle temperature so

that healthy sperm are created

Urethra

Penis

TesticleScrotum

Epididymis

Vas Deferens

Cowper’s Gland

Prostate Gland

Seminal Vesicle

EpididymisEpididymisEpididymis: 2, I

Structure on top of the testes

Where sperm mature

“Sperm School”

Epididymis: 2, IStructure on top of the testes

Where sperm mature

“Sperm School”

Urethra

Penis

TesticleScrotum

Epididymis

Vas Deferens

Cowper’s Gland

Prostate Gland

Seminal Vesicle

Vas DeferensVas DeferensVas deferens: 2, I

2 long, thin tubes

Passageway for sperm

Stores sperm

Vas deferens: 2, I2 long, thin tubes

Passageway for sperm

Stores sperm

Urethra

Penis

TesticleScrotum

Epididymis

Vas Deferens

Cowper’s Gland

Prostate Gland

Seminal Vesicle

Seminal VesiclesSeminal VesiclesSeminal Vesicles: 2, I

2 small glandsSecretes sugary fluidHelps sperm to swim / provides

energy to sperm

Seminal Vesicles: 2, I2 small glandsSecretes sugary fluidHelps sperm to swim / provides

energy to sperm

Urethra

Penis

TesticleScrotum

Epididymis

Vas Deferens

Cowper’s Gland

Prostate Gland

Seminal Vesicle

Prostate GlandProstate GlandProstate Gland: 1, I

Produces fluid to keep sperm alive

Balances the pH of the fluid

Prostate Gland: 1, IProduces fluid to keep sperm

alive

Balances the pH of the fluid

Urethra

Penis

TesticleScrotum

Epididymis

Vas Deferens

Cowper’s Gland

Prostate Gland

Seminal Vesicle

Cowpers GlandsCowpers GlandsCowper’s Glands: 2, I

2 small glands

Secretes fluid that cleans out urethra before sperm move through

Cowper’s Glands: 2, I2 small glands

Secretes fluid that cleans out urethra before sperm move through

Urethra

Penis

TesticleScrotum

Epididymis

Vas Deferens

Cowper’s Gland

Prostate Gland

Seminal Vesicle

UrethraUrethraUrethra: 1, I

Narrow tube

Sperm and urine exit body here

Urethra: 1, INarrow tube

Sperm and urine exit body here

Urethra

Penis

TesticleScrotum

Epididymis

Vas Deferens

Cowper’s Gland

Prostate Gland

Seminal Vesicle

Other VocabOther VocabWhat exits the body is referred to as:

Semen: mixture of sperm and fluids from seminal vesicles, prostate gland, & cowpers glands

Ejaculation: Semen moving out of the penis & out of the body. Series of muscular contractions.

What exits the body is referred to as: Semen: mixture of sperm and fluids from

seminal vesicles, prostate gland, & cowpers glands

Ejaculation: Semen moving out of the penis & out of the body. Series of muscular contractions.

SpermSpermSperm – male sex cellsBoys are not born with any sperm, they begin

to produce it once they produce testosterone.Each sperm contains:

1. Head: contains the nucleus (“brain of the cell”)

2. Mid-piece: wrapped in mitochondria (energy for cell)

3. Tail: a flagellum for movement (to swim)

Sperm – male sex cellsBoys are not born with any sperm, they begin

to produce it once they produce testosterone.Each sperm contains:

1. Head: contains the nucleus (“brain of the cell”)

2. Mid-piece: wrapped in mitochondria (energy for cell)

3. Tail: a flagellum for movement (to swim)

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Seminal Vesicles *Cowper’s GlandVas Deferens *EpididymisEjaculation *ScrotumSperm *SemenPenis *TestesUrethra *Prostate Gland

Seminal Vesicles *Cowper’s GlandVas Deferens *EpididymisEjaculation *ScrotumSperm *SemenPenis *TestesUrethra *Prostate Gland

Female Reproductive SystemFemale Reproductive System

Female Reproductive SystemFemale Reproductive SystemAt puberty, females produce the

hormone, estrogenProduces female secondary sex

characteristics:Increase in heightIncrease in perspirationGrowth of underarm hairIncrease in breast size

At puberty, females produce the hormone, estrogen

Produces female secondary sex characteristics:Increase in heightIncrease in perspirationGrowth of underarm hairIncrease in breast size

Female Secondary Sex Characteristics continued…Female Secondary Sex Characteristics continued…

Widening of hipsIncrease in size of reproductive

organsBeginning of menstruationFormation of mature ova (eggs)

Widening of hipsIncrease in size of reproductive

organsBeginning of menstruationFormation of mature ova (eggs)

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OvariesOvariesOvaries: 2, I

2 glandsProduce estrogen and ovaOva - female reproductive cellsAlso called “eggs”

Ovaries: 2, I2 glandsProduce estrogen and ovaOva - female reproductive cellsAlso called “eggs”

Fallopian TubesFallopian TubesFallopian Tubes: 2, I

2, four inch long tubesOva move from the ovary to the

uterus along these tubes90% of the time fertilization

(sperm finds egg) here

Fallopian Tubes: 2, I2, four inch long tubesOva move from the ovary to the

uterus along these tubes90% of the time fertilization

(sperm finds egg) here

UterusUterusUterus: 1, I (womb)

Receives and supports a fertilized ova during pregnancy

Fertilized = egg (ova) + spermWhere baby develops over 9 monthsMuscular and elastic organ (Muscle- helps

to push baby out during delivery) (Elastic- has to stretch as baby develops)

Uterus: 1, I (womb)Receives and supports a fertilized ova

during pregnancyFertilized = egg (ova) + spermWhere baby develops over 9 monthsMuscular and elastic organ (Muscle- helps

to push baby out during delivery) (Elastic- has to stretch as baby develops)

CervixCervixCervix: 1, I

Lower part of the uterus“Pin-hole” opening - menstrual

flow leaves through this openingOpening dialates (widens) when

the baby is ready to be bornConnects to the vagina

Cervix: 1, ILower part of the uterus“Pin-hole” opening - menstrual

flow leaves through this openingOpening dialates (widens) when

the baby is ready to be bornConnects to the vagina

VaginaVaginaVagina: 1, I (also called the birth canal)

Connects the uterus with the outside of the body

Muscular and elastic tubeWhere baby passes through to be

bornPassageway for menstrual flow

Vagina: 1, I (also called the birth canal)Connects the uterus with the outside

of the bodyMuscular and elastic tubeWhere baby passes through to be

bornPassageway for menstrual flow

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Reproductive SystemAdolescencePubertyHormones

Brainpop!Reproductive SystemAdolescencePubertyHormones

Menstrual CycleMenstrual Cycle*Occurs about once a month*

3 Steps:1. Ovulation2. Changes in uterus lining3. Menstrual flow

*Occurs about once a month*

3 Steps:1. Ovulation2. Changes in uterus lining3. Menstrual flow

Step 1:Step 1:Ovulation – release of a mature egg

(ova) from an ovary.

(There are 2 ovaries, but usually only one of them release an egg each month)

This may not occur on the same day each month – it is not felt.

Ovulation – release of a mature egg (ova) from an ovary.

(There are 2 ovaries, but usually only one of them release an egg each month)

This may not occur on the same day each month – it is not felt.

Step 2:Step 2:Lining of uterus builds up with blood

(oxygen & nutrients to “feed” developing baby)

Takes about 28 days to build up the lining.

Lining of uterus builds up with blood (oxygen & nutrients to “feed” developing baby)

Takes about 28 days to build up the lining.

Step 3:Step 3:If there is no sperm united with an

egg = NOT pregnant & body doesn’t need extra lining

Menstruation – or “period”, the time during which the menstrual flow leaves the body.

Menstrual flow = unfertilized egg & lining of uterus

If there is no sperm united with an egg = NOT pregnant & body doesn’t need extra lining

Menstruation – or “period”, the time during which the menstrual flow leaves the body.

Menstrual flow = unfertilized egg & lining of uterus

Menstrual flowMenstrual flowAverage length of menstrual flow = 5 days

(takes a long time b/c menstrual flow leaves through cervix, or “pin-hole” opening)

The menstrual flow may NOT occur every 28 days! ESPECIALLY in teens! Your body has not practiced this routine & it may take awhile to get used to it – this is NORMAL! It may take several months before you can calculate the # of days between your periods.

It is important to remember that a female can become pregnant at ANY TIME during the menstrual cycle!

Average length of menstrual flow = 5 days (takes a long time b/c menstrual flow leaves through cervix, or “pin-hole” opening)

The menstrual flow may NOT occur every 28 days! ESPECIALLY in teens! Your body has not practiced this routine & it may take awhile to get used to it – this is NORMAL! It may take several months before you can calculate the # of days between your periods.

It is important to remember that a female can become pregnant at ANY TIME during the menstrual cycle!

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BabiesPeriod

Brainpop!BabiesPeriod