Reproduction Imaging QuizDeveloped by: Sorcha McCaughley & Mark BrimsApproved by: Alison King & Maureen BainSupported by: The Chancellor’s Fund

Reproduction Imaging Quiz

START!

Developed by: Sorcha McCaughley & Mark BrimsSupported by: The Chancellor’s Fund

Reproduction Imaging

Male• Male Reproduction

Q1• Male Reproduction

Q2

Female• Female Reproduction

Q3• Female Reproduction

Q4

Male Reproduction Q1• (i) What is A?

– Urinary Bladder– Prostate– Testis

• (ii) What is B?– Penis– Pelvic Urethra– Spermatic Cord

• (iii) What is C?– Urinary Bladder– Prostate– Testis

• (iv) What is D?– Os Penis– Pelvic Urethra– Penile Urethra

Canine – Contrast Injection

A

B

CD

Canine – Contrast injection - arteries

Correct • Yes! A is the Urinary

Bladder!

• It appears very white or radio-opaque on this image because radiographic contrast medium has been introduced into it.

• It is also not completely full which is why the walls appear irregular.

• Try (ii)!• Choose a new question.

Urinary Bladder

Canine

Incorrect • No, A is not the Prostate.

• The Prostate is not usually visible on x-rays.

• The Prostate surrounds the urethra as it exits the bladder - its location is shown by the circle.

• Try again!• Choose a new question.

Incorrect • No, A is not the Testis.

• The Testes are found outside the body expect when they have been retained in a condition called Cryptorchidism.

• Try again!• Choose a new question.

FelineTestes

Correct • Yes! B is the Pelvic Urethra!

• The Urethra is not usually visible on x-rays.

• It appears very white or radio-opaque on this image because radiographic contrast medium has been introduced into it.

• It is continuous with the penile urethra

• Try (iii)!• Choose a new question.

Penile urethra

Incorrect • No, B is not the Penis.

• The Root of the Penis is marked on this x-ray.

• Try again!• Choose another question.

Root of the Penis

Incorrect • No, B is not the Spermatic Cord.

• The Spermatic Cord is not visible on x-rays as it is a soft tissue structure and is too small to be seen.

• Try again!• Choose another question.

Correct • Yes! C is the Testis!

• They are outside the body as gamete production is optimal below body temperature.

• Try (iv)!• Choose a new question.

Feline

Testes

Incorrect • No, C is not the Urinary

Bladder.

• Remember: the Urinary Bladder is located within the abdomen!

• Try again!• Choose a new question.

Urinary Bladder

Canine

Incorrect • No, C is not the Prostate.

• Remember: The Prostate is not usually visible on x-rays. It surrounds the urethra as it exits the bladder - its location is shown by the circle.

• Try again!• Choose a new question.

Correct • Yes! D is the Os Penis!

• This structure is bone opacity and is therefore visible on x-rays.

– Remember, only cats and dogs have an Os Penis!

• Try Male Reproduction Q2!• Choose a new question.

Os Penis

Incorrect • No, D is not the Pelvic Urethra.

• Remember: The Pelvic Urethra is located within the pelvis and becomes the Penile Urethra once it enters the penis.

• The urethra is not visible on x-rays unless contrast medium has been introduced into it

• Try again!• Choose a new question.

Root of the Penis

Pelvic Urethra

Penile Urethra

Incorrect • No, D is not the Penile

Urethra.

• The Penile Urethra does run through this region but is not visible on x-rays unless contrast medium has been introduced into it.

• Try again!• Choose a new question.

Penile Urethra

Male Reproduction Q2• (i) What type of animal do you

think A is from?– Carnivore– Horse– Ruminant/Boar

• (ii) Part B is unique to these animals. What is it?– Sigmoid Flexure– Os Penis

• (iii) What species is C?– Cat– Dog

• (iv) Is it male or female?– Male– Female

Contrast Injection

A

B

C

Correct • Yes! A is from a

Ruminant!

• Ruminants and Boars have Fibro-elastic penises; as opposed to Musculo-cavernous ones.

• Try (ii)!• Choose a new question.

Bovine Penis

Incorrect • No, A is not from a

Carnivore.

• Carnivores have Musculo-cavernous penises with an Os Penis.

• Try again!• Choose a new question.

Os Penis

Canine

Incorrect • No, A is not from a Horse.

• Horses have Musculo-cavernous penises like Carnivores but they do not have an Os Penis.

• Try again!• Choose a new question.

Correct • Yes! B is the Sigmoid

Flexure.

• It is palpable caudal to the scrotum in life.

• Try (iii)!• Choose a new question.

Sigmoid Flexure

Bovine

Incorrect • No, B is not the Os

Penis.

• Ruminants and Boars do not have an Os Penis. Only Carnivores do.

• Try again!• Choose a new question.

Os Penis

Canine

Correct • Yes! C is a Dog!

• Remember: the pelvis is more curved in shape in the dog than the cat.

• Try (iv)!• Choose a new question.

Canine

Incorrect • No, C is not a Cat!

• The pelvis in a Cat is more box-shaped than in the dog.

• Try again!• Choose a new question.

Feline

Correct • Yes! C is a male Dog!

• You can see the Os Penis lying to one side of the spine.

• Try Female Reproduction Q3!

• Choose a new question.

Os Penis

Incorrect • No, C is not a female

Dog.

• Hint: look carefully in the sacral spine region.

• Try again!• Choose a new question.

Female Reproduction Q3• (i) What is A?

– Vestibule– Vagina– Body of Uterus

• (ii) What is B?– Uterine Tubes– Body of Uterus– Horns of Uterus

• (iii) What is C?– Ovary– Kidney

A

B

C

Correct • Yes! A is the Vagina!

• With the introduction of contrast medium, the muscosal folds are visible

• Try (ii)!• Choose a new question.

Vagina

Incorrect • No, A is not the

vestibule.

• Remember: the vestibule is located caudal to the pelvis.

• It contains the urethral orifice.

• Try again!• Choose a new question.

Vestibule

Incorrect • No, A is not the Body of

the Uterus.

• The Body of the Uterus is located within the abdomen and is much narrower in diameter.

• Try again!• Choose a new question.

Body of the Uterus

Correct • Yes! B is a Uterine Horn!

• There are two Uterine Horns which communicate caudally with the single Uterine Body.

• Try (iii)!• Choose a new question.

Uterine Horn

Uterine Horn

Incorrect • No, B is not a Uterine

Tube.

• There are 2 Uterine Tubes which run between the Ovaries and the Uterine Horns.

• Try again!• Choose a new question.

Uterine Tube

Incorrect • No, B is not the Body of the

Uterus.

• The Body of the Uterus is a singular structure and is located in the caudal abdomen between the uterine horns and the cervix.

• Try again!• Choose a new question.

Body of the Uterus

Correct • Yes! C is an Ovary!

• The Ovaries lie close to the caudal poles of the Kidneys.

• Try Female Reproduction Q4!• Choose a new question.

Ovary

Incorrect • No, C is not a Kidney.

• The Kidneys are much larger structures and are in a more cranial location.

• Try again!• Choose a new question.

Kidney

Female Reproduction Q4

• (i) Can you tell what species this is?– Answer.

• (ii) Can you tell how many foetuses there are?– Answer.

Answer• This is a Cat!

• Remember: The vertebrae are longer and finer than in the dog. Also the feline pelvis is more box-shaped than the dog although only the cranial aspect is visible in this x-ray (box).

• Try (ii)!• Choose a new question.

Answer

• There are 4 foetuses!

• The easiest way to work out the number of foetuses present is to count the skulls.

• Back to the Start!