Reported Speech Arranged By :1.Ainur Rifki Elmadani2.Ambar Purnawati3.Annisa Fitri Berliana4.Devi Mayasari Kusuma W5.Erma Widyastuti6.Kustina Kumala 7.Ria Wahyu Ningsih8.Sri Wahyuni9.Umi Atun Aliah10.Widya Kurnia Arizona

Definition

Reported Speech is used to report what someone said. When we use reported speech, we are usually talking about the past. So, verbs usually change to the past in reported speech. (Haryanti, 2000: 31).

They are two ways of relating what a person has said:

1.Direct Speech In direct speech we repeat the original

speaker’s exact words.Example: He said, ‘ I have lost my umbrella.’2. Indirect (Reported) Speech

In indirect speech we give the exact meaning of a remark or a speech, without necessarily using the speaker’s exact words.

Example: He said (that) he had lost his umbrella.

The Rules of Reported Speech 1. When we use reported speech, the main verb of

the sentence is usually past. Example: Tom said that he was feeling ill.I told her that I didn’t have any money.

2. In general, the present form in direct speech changes to the past form in reported speechExample:Direct Judy: My parents are very

well.Reported Judy said that her parents were

very well.

3. In general, the past simple form in direct speech changes to the past perfect in reported speech. Example: Direct Tom said: ‘I woke up feeling ill, so I didn’t go to work. Reported Tom said (that) he had woken up

feeling ill, so he hadn’t gone to work.

The Kind of Reported Speech

There are many kinds of reported speech: 1.Reported Statement

Reported statement uses the reporting verb ‘that’, but ‘that’ is optional, so it is placed in bracket. Example: Quoted Statement She said, ‘I watch TV everyday. Reported Statement She said (that) she watched TV everyday.

2. Reported Imperative Reported Imperative is used to report

invitation or command from someone to other people. Example : Quoted Imperative : Jamal said, ‘Please come to my party’.Reported Imperative : Jamal invited me to come to his party.

Note :In the reporterd Imperative, verb follows

by object (pro) noun and then followed by infinitive phrase.

The following verbs is always used in reported imperative:

- Advice - permit - invite- Ask - encourage - order- Remind - tell - warn

3. Reported QuestionReported Question is used to report

questions. The interrogative form of the verb changes to the affimative form, the question mark (?) is therefore omitted in reported speech. Example: Quoted Question : He said, ‘Where does she live?’Reported Question : He asked where she lived.

4. Reported ExclamationReported Exclamation is reporting of someone’s feeling or see. Example: Quoted Exclamation : He said, ‘What a dreadful thing!’Reported Exclamation : He said that it was a dreadful thing.

EVALUATION

Later that day you tell another friend what Charlie said. Use reported speech.

1. I’m living in London now.2. My father isn’t very well.3. Sharon and Paul are getting married next month.4. Margaret has had a baby.5. I don’t know what Fred is doing.6. I saw Helen at a party in June and she seemed

fine

7. I haven’t seen Diane recenty.8. I’m not enjoying my job very much.9. You can come and stay at my flat if you in

London.10. My car was stolen a few weeks ago.11. I want to go hoiday but can’t afford it.12. I’ll tell Ann I saw you.

References

Thomson, A.J & Martinet, A.V. 1986. A Practical English Grammar. London: Oxford University Press.

Murphy, Raymond. 1994. English Grammar in Use. UK: Cambridge University Press.

Haryanti, Sri. 2000. Structure V Handout. Klaten: Universitas Widya Dharma.