REPORT ON

EDUCATION SYSTEM IN

PAKISTAN

Group members:

Hashin Ashraf

Anas Abdali

Maaz-Ul-Haque

Kamran Ahmed

Hasan Warsi

Saffan Baig

M.Faisal

Faiza Parvez

Samiyya Nawaz

Humza Baqrain

Muneeb

QuestionnaireWe are the students of BBA-H and want some precious time of yours to accomplish the goal of the survey.Why we are conducting this survey? To Identify The Problems Of Students.

Name:______________________________________

Age:______________________________________

Email ID:______________________________________

Educational Level:i) Metricii) Undergraduateiii) Graduateiv) Post Graduatev) M. Phil.vi) Ph. D.

Evaluation Key: A: Strongly Agree B: Agree C:

Disagree

D: Strongly Disagree

Students' brain are limited to receiving, filling and storing knowledge.

In government colleges and universities mostly teachers doesn’t come in time and mostly classes are off due to

the unavailability of teachers.

Coaching centre are Money Making Company.

The high expectation of families and absence of guidance of parents and teachers affect the abilities of students.

Our examination system evaluates students not on the basis of their cognitive abilities but is more of a rote

memory test.

Implementation of conceptual study should be promoted.

In students life nearly every student usually face financial crisis.

Affordability is the biggest issue and the main reason for the increase in unemployment.

Government should thinks about the traffic problems of students.

Majority of students is unable to understand what is written in the text due to Language Barrier.

Evaluation Key: A: Strongly Agree B: Agree C:

Disagree

D: Strongly Disagree

Our colleges and universities students got bookish and theoretical knowledge but to get job they need practical

knowledge and skills.

Our institutes are devoid of proper laboratories; Due to this, students are bombarded with theoretical concepts.

Student loose their interest in studies due to the lack leaning aids like audio or visual aids.

One of the big problems faced by students is lack of freedom of choosing study program.

There exists a lot of communication gap between students and teachers.

There exist no facilities for co-curricular activities of the students in Educational Institutions of Pakistan.

Students are physically stressed due to lack of availability of time.

Frequent change of teachers leaves no room for the development of mutual understanding and respect.

Class Activity:

Information collected will be used for educational purposes only;

Name

:………………………………………

Q#1) In your opinion what is the most important hurdle in the improvement of literacy rate?

A) Financial Strains B) Lack of Awareness 

C) ImproperGovernmental Policies D) High Population Growth

E) Gender Inequality through Social norms.

Q#2) If financial aid is provided, then student enrollment will increase at primary level. A) Yes B) No

C) Not necessarily

Q#3) If schools are made available at feasible locations this will increase student enrollment

A) Yes B) No 

C) It will yet depend on other parametersinadequate facilities at school are the major reason for dropout rate of students. Do you agree?

A) Yes B) No 

C) YES but it’s not the only contributorComments(If C)…………………….......................................................................................................................

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Q#4) Teachers are not being properly trained by Govt., which leads to lack of quality?

A) Yes B) No

C)Comments……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Q#5) a religious and social awareness campaign is seriously needed against the Gender issues to increase literacy.

A) Yes B) No, there is enough recognition for women

C) Only in certainareas

Q#6) Provision of free education will be the most important booster for literacy. Do youagree?

A) Yes B) No 

C) Comments………………………………………………………………………..

Q#7) Importance of education needs to be explained to majority of population. Do youagree?

A) Yes B) No

 

Causes of Low Literacy Rate in Pakistan

Population needs to be controlled to properly work on literacy programs. Do youagree? A) Yes B) No

1. What should be the immediate step to improve literacy?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

2. List major reasons you believe are responsible for low literacy in Pakistan (In the order of priority)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Definition of Education:

The definition of education in common usage, that education is merely the delivery of knowledge, skills and information from teachers to students, is inadequate to capture what is really important about being and becoming educated.

The proper definition of education is the process of becoming an educated person. Being an educated person means you have access to optimal states of mind regardless of the situation you are in.

Importance of Education

“The foundation of every state is the education of its youth”.

Education is very important for every human being. It makes one able to understand what is happening around us logically and clearly. Only educated person has the ability to take practical decisions and make right moves at the right time. Human existence without education is just like barren land. Education not only enables individuals to put their potential to best use and do something productive in the upcoming future, but also plays a main role in shaping an individual to be a better, responsible citizen and an active member of the society. An educated person with self-confidence and precise moves knows how to transform the world. Education provides the ladder for achieving success in life and enables us to utilize skills and caliber in a constructive way. Therefore, it’s the prime responsibility of an individual to get educated and live a prosperous life while being a responsible citizen.

The Education system in Pakistan:Accourding to Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, 1973 – Article 37-b

“The State shall remove illiteracy and provide free and compulsory secondary education within minimum possible period”

Concurrent Legislative List:

Curriculum, syllabus, planning, policy, centres of excellence, standard of education & Islamic education.

Introduction:

Education has always been considered as one of the main factors for socioeconomic and subsequently the national development because of its ability to raise the quality and productivity of the human capital. Education also creates awareness, tolerance, self esteem and confidence, which empower people to defend their rights, reduce poverty and inequality and improve in health, status and good governance in implementation of socioeconomic policies. It also enables the people to protect their ideological inspiration and help in developing national cohesion.

Education in Pakistan is overseen by Ministry of Education of Government of   Pakistan . The academic institutions are the responsibility of the provincial governments.

Stages of formal education:

The education in Pakistan is generally divided into five levels:primary(grades onethrough five);middle(grades six through eight);high(grades nine and ten, leading to the Secondary School Certificateor SSC);intermediate(grades eleven and twelve, leading to aHigher Secondary (School) Certificateor HSC); anduniversity programs leading to graduateandadvanceddegrees.

Primary education :

Accourding to UNESCO only 63% of Pakistani children finish primary school education. Furthermore,68% of Pakistani boys and 72% of Pakistani girls reach grade 5. The standard national system of education is mainly inspired from the British system.Pre-school education is designed for 3-5 years old. After pre-school education, students go through junior school from grades 1 to 4. This is preceded by middle school from grades 5 to 8. The two commonly used indicators for measuring changes in primary and middle schooling are the Gross Enrolment Rate

Secondary Education:

Secondary education in Pakistan begins from grade 9 and lasts for four years. After end of each of the four school years, students are required to pass a national examination administered by a

regional Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education.Education intermediate indicators include functional public schools, basic facilities in public schools, posts filled against sanctioned strength in public schools and percentage of trained teachers in these schools.

Quaternary education:

Many Master's degree programs only require one and a half years of study. Doctor of  Philosophy( PhD) education is also available in selected areas and is usually pursued after earning a Master's degree. Students pursuing PhD degrees must choose a specificfield and a university that is doing research work in that field. PhD education in Pakistan requires at least 3–5 years of study.

Universities Education (Classes XV onwards):

In order to boost-up higher education many new universities have been established during the year 2009-10 making the total number to 132 universities with 50,825 Teachers in both Private and Public Sectors.

Literacy Rate:

Adult literacy programmes are meant for illiterate adults,and are primarily limited to training in basic skills of Reading, Writing and Numeracy. These programmes also promote personal development at the individual level, as well as bringing about empowerment and social change.

Illiteracy Rate in Pakistan:

According to latest report of UN education department UNESCO, the illiteracy percentage was 79 percent in Pakistan in 2012 and the number of Pakistan was 180 in the list of 221 in big or small countries in the world.

The illiteracy percentage was 72 percent in the youth age 15 to 24 years, 57 percent in the aged 25 to 44 youths, 46 percentage in 45 to 54 years and 38 percent in the people aged 55 to 64 years in the year 2012, it said.

15-24 25-44 45-54 55-64

75

57

4638

UNESCO REPORTYouth Age Aged Youth Aged Over Aged

Pakistan remained below in the illiteracy from China, Iran, Sri Lanka, Nepal and Burma, while it remained above from Afghanistan and Bangladesh.

According to the report 3 million 75 lakh students were going to school and colleges in the year 2012 out of them 2.6 million were Primary level students, 2.9 million students of high school education and 1.5 million students were of colleges and universities.

According to the report only 3 percent students reaches to colleges and above level out of them 1 percent passed graduation.

On the other hand the 75 percent boys and girls left school before reaching 10th class while 81 percent students of 3 classes could not read English words.

The report added that 72 and 78 percent students aged from three to five years do not go to schools in Sindh and Balochistan respectively.

HEC ( Higher Education Commission ):

The Higher Education Commission of Pakistan (reporting name:HEC), is an independent, autonomous, and constitutionally established institution of primary funding, overseeing, regulating, and accrediting the higher education efforts in Pakistan.

The HEC also facilitated the development of higher educational system in the country with main purpose of upgrading the universities and colleges in the country to be focal point of the high learning of education, research, and development. Over the several years, the HEC plays an important and leading role towards building a knowledge based economy in Pakistan by giving out hundreds of doctoral scholarships for education abroad every year.

Role OF HEC:

Has the right to hold all the data generated as pre and post test analysis for any customized activity, exclusively arranged for HEC, and for which HEC is charged directly.

Prepare a list of tests to be conducted by the agency/Company on behalf of HEC, in consultation with the Company.

Make a formal announcement through media for the awareness of public in this regard and will also inform the concerned institutions/departments.

Ensure, through its directives(s), that the institutions under its jurisdiction adopt these tests so that the objective set in the Education policy and IT Action Plan of the Government of Pakistan could be achieve, optimally.

Nominate representatives in the academic council of the Company and other allied bodies, if desired, to ensure its contribution in forming, reviewing, running and changing the academic policies of Company.

Help the agency/Company to acquire finance from public, private and international sources to develop, run and extend its activities, if found suitable.

Appoint members for a joint committee with the Company to monitor the ongoing activities and advice, if required, to improve deficiencies, if observed any.

Education Policy:

Challenges:

Weakened Governance

o Fragmentation

o Lack of Clarity in Inter-Tier Relationships

Poor Quality of Teachers & Managers

Quality of curriculum, textbooks & exams

Low level of literacy

Out of school children

Dropouts

Public Private Partnership

In-adequate financing

Gender Equity

Poor monitoring & evaluation

Imbalance in primary, middle & secondary schools

Inconvenient school location

Highlights of New Scheme of Studies:

Ne w Textbook Policy:

Main features are:

Improved quality of education through quality textbooks at affordable prices, competitive publishing of textbooks by public & private publishers, textbook boards will become facilitating & regulating authorities. Will approve textbooks.controversial material (cultural, religious, ethnic) shall not be included in textbooks. The textbooks have not been updated for a long time, because of non updated books majority of students are now moving towards the non-conceptional studies which brings a very negative impact in the education system of Pakistan.

Examination System:

The current examinatin system followed in our education system is Centralized Examination System. Centralization refers to the condition whereby the administrative authority for education is vested, not in the local community, but in a central body. This central body has complete power over all resources: money, information, people, technology. It decides the content of curriculum, controls the budget, is responsible for employment, the building of educational facilities, discipline policies, etc.

The paper pattern is based on,

20% objective.

50% short answers.

30% descriptive answers.

Because of this paper pattern the Choice of a student reduced to 33% .Papers based on curriculum, not textbooks. The textbooks will worth nothing for student after this pattern.

Grace marks reduced from 11 to 3 in max of 2 subjects.

Q: Difference between matric and O-level system.

Here we will discuss the difference betwen O-level and matirc in Pakistan.Pakistan is the country where different typesof education systems are being arranged and followed. This is considered to be the major and important reason for the failure and depressing educational system in Pakistan. The two common and popular education systems in Pakistan is matric and O-level. These days student face many problems that which type of education system they want to select.

The main difference are as follows:

The first difference between matric and O-level is that Matric is considered to be national education sysytem in Pakistan. On the other hand O-level is the education system which is completely based on the British education system.

The most important and main difference is that matric education is considered to be more cheaper and easy as compared to O-level education. O-level is more expensive and difficult. Because of this reason many Pakistani students who belong to middle class would not be able to afford O-level education system.

The martic and O-level education system is that the quality of O-level system is more superior as compared to matric education system. The reason is that O-level education system is adopted from style of british education system. Another differnce is Matric system is the only system which is recognise in the whole Pakistan on the other hand O-level education system is recognised in the whole world.

The last and main difference is in matric education system, Urdu language is used. On the other hand English language is used in O-level education system. In simple words education system is considered to the popular education system in the whole world and it promotes the english language.

Q: Educated VS Uneducated people OR Advantages of education:

We all appreciate that education is extremely important and crucial to our lives but it is also clear that not everyone can receive the level of education they have a right to. This leads us to divide people into two groups, educated and uneducated people. Both of these types of people have their advantages and disadvantages which can be evaluated in terms of economic power, social status and mentality.

When we talk about educated and uneducated people, the first thing that comes up for discussion is level of income.  There is no doubt that educated people are presented with a lot more opportunities than uneducated people.  Their certificates 

of achievements are what count most of the time and as they have more opportunities to have a good job, they have a better income and consume better food which leads to a longer life.

On the other hand, uneducated people who have not completed their minimal educational qualifications do not have much chance of having a good, well-paid job unless they are very lucky. For this reason they have to work in simple jobs or perform very hard labour work in construction or fields increasing the risk of illness and poor health. Unlike educated people who earn more over a lifetime which means a higher quality of life, uneducated people do not have enough income to make ends meet for their families pushing them deeper into poverty.

Level of income leads us onto social status.  Educated people with a high level of income seem to be a respectable figure for other people whereas uneducated people are viewed in a different light.  Uneducated people do not choose to be in that condition of poverty but due to not

achieving any level of education which is a basic human right they have not had the same chances in life. Another reason why educated people have a superior status in the eyes of society is because of the way they act and communicate in life but it would not be false to say that sometimes uneducated people beat the educated in terms of being social or respectable.

Mentality of both groups can be delved into further where it is generally assumed that educated people are open-minded and uneducated people are closed minded. When a person has gained high quality education they most certainly have an advantage of greater knowledge about the world and other people. Uneducated people tend to follow the same paths and practices of their parents and what they experienced in their life and going forward the same mentality is passed onto their children who do not realise the importance of education through no fault of their own.

Types of education sector in Pakistan:

Private Education Sector:

Private sector involvement in education is encouraging. The Federal Bureau of Statistics survey (1999-2000) indicates that there are 36,096 private educational institutions in Pakistan. About 61 percent of the institutions are in urban areas and 39 percent in rural areas. The percentage share of private sector in enrollment is 18 percent at primary school level, 16 percent at middle school level and 14 percent at high school level.

It has been observed that most of the private schools select their own curricula and textbooks, which are not in conformity with public schools. Majority of the schools are “English Medium” which attracts the parents for sending their children to these schools. Most of the schools are overcrowded and do not have adequate physical facilities. These schools are usually charging high fees from the students. Most of the schools are unregistered; therefore, in most cases the certificates issued by these institutions are not recognized by public schools. Majority of these institutions are functioning in the rented buildings.

The National Education Policy 1998-2010 proposed that there shall be regulatory bodies at the national and provincial levels to regulate activities and smooth functioning of privately managed schools and institutions of higher education through proper rules and regulations. A reasonable tax rebate shall be granted on the expenditure incurred on the setting up of educational facilities by the private sector. Grants-in-Aid for specific purposes shall be provided to private institutions. Setting up of private technical institutions shall be encouraged. Matching grants shall be provided for establishing educational institutions by the private sector in the rural areas or poor urban areas through Education Foundation. In rural areas, schools shall be established through public-private partnership schemes. The government shall not only provide free land to build the school but also bear a reasonable proportion of the cost of construction and management. Liberal loan facilities shall be extended to private educational institutions by financial institutions.

Despite all shortcomings of private education mentioned above, PIHS survey indicates that enrolment rates in public schools have declined since 1995-96 particularly a large decline has been observed in rural areas. It is generally perceived by parents that quality of education in private schools are better than the public schools, therefore, those parents who can afford prefer to send their children to private schools. These trends indicate that the public education system is unable to meet public demand for providing quality education in the country.

Public Education Sector:

Private schools have become a necessity for contemporary Pakistani society since the government has failed to provide quality education for its population. A majority of parents, even those from lower income brackets, send their children to private schools so they can receive an education that will enable them to be competitive.Also, most Pakistanis want their children to learn English. Private schools offer all instruction in English while government schools offer instruction in either Urdu or the local provincial language. The condition of government schools all over the country and the quality of education being imparted there are going from bad to worse, day by day. Thousands of government schools are "spirit schools," existing on paper only. The buildings, mostly in rural areas, that were meant to house these schools are either dilapidated due to negligence or have been converted into oats (drawing rooms) for the local waders (land owners).Thousands of "ghost" teachers have been drawing salaries from the education departments of the four provinces. They do not do any actual teaching since there are no functioning schools. They simply show up to collect their salaries on the appointed day.

Problems in Education:

Following are the problems in education in Pakistan.

           1.    Education System is based on              Unequal Lines

The educational system of Pakistan is based on unequal lines. Medium of education is different in both, public and private sector. This creates a sort of disparity among people, dividing them into two segments.

         

2.    Regional Disparity

Regional disparity is also a major cause. The schools in Baluchistan (The Largest Province Of Pakistan By Area) are not that much groomed as that of Punjab (The Largest Province Of Pakistan By Population). In FATA, the literacy rate is deplorable constituting 29.5% in males and 3% in females.

          3.     Ratio of Gender Discrimination

The ratio of gender discrimination is a cause which is projecting the primary school ratio of boys & girls which is 10:4 respectively. For the last few years there has been an increase in the growth of private schools. That not only harms the quality of education but creates a gap among haves and has not.

4. Lack of Technical Education

The lack of technical education is a biggest flaw in the educational policy that has never been focused before. Therefore, less technical people mean less.

          5.    Funds

The allocation of funds for education is very low. It is only 1.5 to 2.0 percent of the total GDP. It should be around 7% of the total GDP.

          6.    Untrained Teachers

The teachers in government schools are not well trained. People who do not get job in any other sector, they try their luck in educational system. They are not professionally trained teachers so they are unable to train a nation.

          7.    Poverty

Poverty is also another factor that restricts the parents to send their children to public or private schools. So, they prefer to send their children to madrassas where education is totally free.

8. Academic Problem:

Inefficient use of available resources.Unequal distribution of Faculties among Public & Private Sector Lack of MonitoringLack of standardization of Private Universities.Emphasize on quantitative education rather than qualitative aspect of education.Inadequate attention to research and support for it.

9. Management Problems:

Ineffective governance and management structures and practices.

Inefficient Regulatory stepsStrong skepticism about the realization of reformPoliticization of faculty, staff and studentsPoor recruitment practices and inadequate development of faculty and staff.

10. Financial Problems:

  Inadequate funding. Un adjusted fee structure of private universities No share of Foreign Direct investment in Education sector  No concept of Debt Financing in Education sector 

11. Social Problems:

Lack of moral training in Higher Education InstitutionsPromoting Westernization on the name of ModernizationCreating social misbalances

12. Practical Problems:

Lack of internship facilities for students of higher Education institutions anduniversities.Week coordination between Universities and industrial, agricultural, and other sectors of the economy.

Recently, minister of education announced a new Education policy for that next 10 years. The interesting thing is that the previous educational policy from 1998 to 2010 is still not expired. Although it is projected to give new plans and to make more promises with the nation. It is said in this policy that all the public schools will be raised up to the level of private schools. No plan of action have been discussed, yet a notice is issued to private schools to induct government course in 5th and 8th class and these classes will bound to take board exams. This disturbed the students of private sector also.

Solutions for Educational System:

Estimating the value of education, the Government should take solid steps on this issue. Implementation instead of projecting policies should be focused on. Allocation of funds should be made easy from provinces to districts and then to educational institutes. Workshops must be arranged for teachers. Foreign states are using LSS system. This should be inducted in Pakistani schools to improve the hidden qualities of children. Technical education must be given to all the classes. The education board of Punjab has projected a plan to give tech- education to the children of industrial workers. Promotion of the primary education is the need of time. Teachers, professors and educationists should be consulted while devising any plan, syllabus or policy. The state seems to give up her responsibility and totally relying on private sector. The need of time is to bring education in its original form to masses. Burdening students with so much books will

not work as he will not understand what the world is going to do next moment. Education is the only cure of the instability in the state and can bring revolution through evolution, by eradicating the social evils. This is how to remove illiteracy in Pakistan.

Gender Discrimination:

Pakistan is the second largest Muslim country after Indonesia and the number of Muslims there constitutes 11 percent of the world’s Muslim population. However, gender inequality in education is still extreme despite the Quran’s spirit of “Iqra” (read). According to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) and the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), almost 77 million children worldwide are deprived of one of their basic rights: education. Girls make up 56 percent of these children. The Global Campaign for Education reports that more than 5.1 million primary school-aged children in Pakistan do not attend school. Sixty-three percent of them are girls. This is the third highest number of out-of-school children in the world. A chronic absenteeism from school among girls is worse in rural areas of Pakistan than in the urban areas. Because of the gender inequality in education, the UN Development Programme (UNDP) 2010 report ranked Pakistan 120 out of 146 countries based on its Gender-related Development Index.A major portion of the Pakistani society is not welcoming for girls, who want to attend school. Even those who are enrolled in schools cannot attend them on a regular basis. What is holding Pakistan back in gender equality in education? There are various reasons, including gender discrimination, early marriage and physical and mental violence against girls within and outside of schools.Cultural and social beliefs, attitudes, stereotypes and practices in Pakistan discriminate girls from getting equal educational opportunities. The general tendency in society is to invest in sons’ education, rather than daughters’. Such discrimination against girls results in poor self-esteem among girls in Pakistan, who only envisage a future as wives and mothers.Early marriage and pregnancy also play a central role in why girls do not receive equal educational opportunities in Pakistan. Another key reason why Pakistani girls do not attend school is because of violence. A joint report by the UN and the Pakistani government pointed out: “Females in Pakistan face discrimination, exploitation and abuse at many levels, starting with girls, who are prevented from exercising their basic right to education either because of traditional family practices, economic necessity or as a consequence of the destruction of schools by militants.” In 2008 and 2009 more than 40,000 girls in the Swat Valley, where Yousufzai lived, did not attend school due to threats by the extremists. There are many reasons why the existing gender inequality in education in Pakistan is problematic.First, the militants violate the Quran by depriving women of their right to education and banning school for girls, even at the expense of their lives and their families. Unfortunately, these people make their claims on behalf of the sunnah, the sayings and actions of the Prophet (pbuh).Second, Muslims in Pakistan fail to pass on the true spirit of Islam from generation to generation. How is it possible to accomplish this important task if girls are deprived of their rights that the Prophet Mohammad (pbuh) declared in the seventh century? Third, without education women and girls in Pakistan cannot claim their economic, political, social and spiritual rights. Education is the only way to establish, promote and protect human rights.Fourth, imposing limits on girls acquiring education prevents not only women, but also men from

fulfilling their moral responsibility as human beings. Thus, gender inequality in education in Pakistan prevents women from fully participating in the social, economic, political and spiritual life of the country. It harms society by reducing national and international competitiveness. Therefore, in order to emerge and grow as a country, there must not be a barrier to education for women.

54% women can not read and write

64% of women

64% rural women in Punjab are illiterate

69% of women

69% rural women in KPK are illiterate

78% of women

78% RURAL WOMEN IN SINDH CAN NOT READ AND WRITE

PROBLEM FACED BY STUDENTS IN CURRENT EDUCATIONAL SETUP:

1. Lack of guidance:

In our country, students face a lot of problems during their educational career. They are the most unguided students in the world. Neither the parent due to their ignorance due to which they can’t chose proper subject and proper filed nor the teachers due to lack of professionalism are able to guide them. Lack of guidance is very serious problem which students face.

The purpose of early education is to induce in to the students an interest of education but children are taught by untrained teachers in their early stage, so they lose interest in education. The high expectation of families and absence of guidance affects the ability of the students. Due to lack of guidance one of the biggest problem faced by students is lack of freedom of choosing

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Solution:

Students should get basic knowledge about any profession before deciding to take it as their future profession. For this purpose they should consult the persons which are already attached with that profession are great source of information. So you can consult a person which is related to the profession which you want to join in future. 

1. Examination system:

Students are evaluated in our institutions not on the basis of their abilities but on the basis of their class. This disheartens students who have weak financial/social backgrounds. Also our examination system evaluates students not on the basis of their cognitive abilities but is more of a rote memory test. All this is simply due to the fact that modern evaluation techniques are not applied.

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Solution:

The Examination system should be based on research work with the effort to explore world not on the ability of cramming.

2. Financial problems:

Pakistan is an underdeveloped nation, majority of our people are living on the poverty line that can barely make their both ends meet. They cannot afford even the negligible fees being charged in the government institutions, let alone the books and uniforms for which they are to pay from their own pockets. Majority of our young ones are child labor, they indulge in child labor not only to feed them selves but to support their families too. In Pakistan education is very expensive due to the shortage of public educational institutes. We have only 73 public universities and most of the population study in these universities. Similarly, there is short number of public colleges where students can get free education. Our most of the students belong to the middle class and

they have very limited resources. Parents can’t afford easily the expenses of studying their children. Lots of students have to work part time to sponsor their studies themselves. In students life nearly every student usually face financial crisis. Students usually have to buy books, note books, notes of their course outline and meet transportation expenses. They have to bear some extra expenses for that they can’t ask to their parents as bunk classes and going out with fellows, buying gifts for their girl friends / boyfriends and many other activities.

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Solution:

Students can cope with these crises very easily by a little effort. There are lots of home tuitions available for to teach students for 2 or 3 hours and earn money to meet their expenditures. Students can also do a part time job which is related to their studies this would give them a practical experience of their field. This experience would be helpful in future for getting a job.

3. Transportation

Traffic is a very common problem of the citizens of Pakistan. You will see traffic jams on the roads at morning and evening timings. People are packed in the buses and vans like sacks, young students climb up the roofs of the buses, vehicle’s horns never allow you to hear the voice of the person beside you. All of us face these traffic problems but here I’ll we discuss how it create problems for students.

Many educational institutes have their own buses to facilitate the students but still there are lots of students who travel through public transports. At morning, people were on their way to offices, school, colleges, etc. So, there is great rush on the roads and that time there is shortage of public transports on the roads. Due to which buses and vans are full. Mostly conductors of buses and vans don’t allow students to ride on buses.

Students who are getting late for their classes have to climb up buses as soon as possible and in this struggle sometimes they got injuries in many incidents. The rain and the VIP movements are also creating a big problem for the students.

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SOLUTION:

Public transporters should provide more vehicles at morning and evening times so that more and more people should be accommodated at rush hour. Government never thinks about the traffic problems of students.

4. Language Barrier

Our students are also subjected to very frequent changes in the medium of instruction. In the process the best they can do is to learn to read one of the languages. Majority is unable to understand what is written in the text. They memorize the text and recopy it in examination, which kills the basic aim of education. Most of the students were studied in Urdu in colleges and universities most subjects and books are in English. They can’t understand it easily.

This language barrier is also caused lack of confidence among students who got education in Urdu. In colleges and universities they meet the students of English medium schools who speaks English fluently they lose their confident in class. Experts believe that students can learn very quickly in their mother tongue but in our Pakistan we are running behind English language.

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SOLUTION:

Most of the developed countries have education system in their mother language like Germany, France etc. By educating in their mother language they do not only promote their language but also their students understand well. As English is an international language so it should be an optional subject not a compulsory one. Because our most students can not understand it well, they just memorize it without knowing the meaning of the text. So, the education must be in our mother language so that students can easily understand it & not only to memorize it & recopy in examination but gain some knowledge & concept.

5. Imposed study programs

One of the big problems faced by students is, usually they are not free to choose study program of their own choice. Parents imposed a field of study which is not suitable for the child or he couldn’t feel good to study in that field. This is very common problem of our society. Student wants to be journalist or photographer but parents select engineering for him. So when he gets admission in engineering college he could not perform better. He feels that he is not fit for this field.

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SOLUTION:

Here parents should think about it and please don’t impose any study sequence to their children. You should make aware students about the scopes and problems of every field where they have interest and let them choose a study program.

6. Difference in Theory & practical world

In our colleges and universities students got bookish and theoretical knowledge but to get job they need practical knowledge and skills. In fact, students required theoretical knowledge for their professional growth and development but in job market they need something more. Now

there is too much competition in the market and owners only hire that person which has some kind of experience regarding the required job.

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SOLUTION:

This problem can be solved very easily by students themselves. Students can join a company or organization during their studies for the experience. This will gives you much experience and also professional knowledge which would boost your personality

7. Teachers’ insincerity

This is very common problem and nearly all the students talked about it. In our society teaching is not considered a good profession and people, who are in this profession not sincere with it. In colleges and universities mostly teachers doesn’t come in time and mostly classes are off due to the unavailability of teachers.

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SOLUTION:

The only solution of this problem is that the teacher’s must be sincere to their profession and should pay his best to the students.

8. Teacher-Student relationship:

A careful analysis of the teacher-student relationship at any level, inside or outside the school, reveals it fundamentally narrative character. This relationship involves a narrative subject (the teacher) & listening objects (the students).

Education is suffering from narration sickness. The teacher talks about reality as if it were motionless, static, compartmentalized & predictable who else he expounds on a topic completely alien to the existential experience of the students.

His task is to fill the students with the contents of his narration. Content which are detach from reality disconnected from the totality that engendered them & could give the significance & words are emptied of their concreteness & become a hollow, alienated verbosity.

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9. Lack of Proper laboratory facilities

Our institutes are devoid of proper laboratories. Due to this, students are bombarded with theoretical concepts, which in the absence of the required laboratories confuse the students. As a result of this the students lose their interest in education after which either they drop out or rely on practices like cheating, bribing teachers etc.

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SOLUTION:

There should be properly maintained laboratories in the institutions so that students carry out their practical work it will also help in better understanding of the theory.

10. Lack of facilities for Co-circular activities

There exist no facilities for co-curricular activities of the students. Very few institutes have playing grounds, which is due to wrong planning of the management. Sometimes the institutes are very overcrowded providing no space for any kind of sports. Also there are no provisions for sport goods due to which students run aimlessly which inculcates in them an aimless attitude/behavior.

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