Report: Health and Safety Plan · HEALTH AND SAFETY PLAN Prepared for Interchem Site PRP Group July...

HEALTH AND SAFETY PLAN

Prepared for

Interchem Site PRP Group

July 1991

30307817Superfund T'

Woodward-Clyde Consultants 5055 Antioch Road

Overland Park, Kansas 66203

Project Number 91C7315

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section

1.0 ADMINISTRATIVE INFORMATION 1-1

2.0 INTRODUCTION AND SITE INFORMATION 2-1

2.1 INTRODUCTION 2-1

2.2 SITE INFORMATION 2-2

3.0 FIELD ACTIVITIES 3-1

3.1 SITE RECONNAISSANCE 3-1

3.2 REMEDIATION OVERSIGHT 3-1

3.4 SOIL/CONCRETE SAMPLING 3-1

3.5 MONITORING WELL INSTALLATION 3-2

3.6 MONITORING WELL DEVELOPMENT AND SAMPLING 3-2

3.7 PESTICIDE FORMULATION - MATERIALS INVENTORY

AND DRUM MANAGEMENT 3-2

3.8 TANK SAMPLING 3-2

4.0 HAZARD ASSESSMENT 4-1

4.1 CHEMICAL HAZARDS 4-1

4.2 PHYSICAL HAZARDS 4-5

4.3 BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS 4-6

4.4 HAZARD EVALUATION 4-7

5.0 GENERAL HEALTH AND SAFETY REQUIREMENTS 5-1

5.1 TRAINING 5-1

5.2 MEDICAL MONITORING 5-1

5.3 COMPLIANCE AGREEMENT AND SAFETY MEETINGS 5-1

5.4 DOCUMENTATION 5-2

5.5 INCIDENT REPORTING 5-3

5.6 PROHIBITED ACTIVITIES 5-3

5.7 VISITOR CLEARANCE 5-4

6.0 SITE SPECIFIC HEALTH AND SAFETY REQUIREMENTS 6-1

6.1 SITE ACCESS 6-1

6.2 WORK ZONES 6-1

6.3 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE LEVELS AND EQUIPMENT 6-1

6.3.1 Non-Intrusive Activities 6-1

6.3.2 Intrusive Activities 6-2

6.4 AIR MONITORING 6-4

917315\HSP1.CJD 07/24/91 1

TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)

Section Page

6.5 DECONTAMINATION PROCEDURES 6-5

6.5.1 General 6-5

6.5.2 Personnel Decontamination 6-6

6.5.3 Equipment Decontamination 6-8

6.5.4 Control of Field Work-Generated Waste Materials 6-9

6.5.5 Sample Handling 6-9

6.6 DRUM HANDLING PROCEDURES 6-10

7.0 EMERGENCY RESPONSE 7-1

7.1 SITE EMERGENCIES 7-1

7.2 HOSPITAL INFORMATION AND EMERGENCY

CONTACTS 7-2

8.0 PROJECT PERSONNEL AND RESPONSIBILITIES 8-1

917315\HSP1.CJD 07/24/91 II

TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE 4-1 MATERIALS IDENTIFIED AT THE INTERCHEM FACILITY

TABLE 4-2 OTHER MATERIALS STORED AT THE INTERCHEM

FACILITY

TABLE 4-3 CONTAMINANT HEALTH AND SAFETY INFORMATION

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE 1 SITE LOCATION MAP

FIGURE 2 SITE MAP

FIGURE 3 ROUTE TO HOSPITAL MAP

LIST OF ATTACHMENTS

ATTACHMENT 1 COMPLIANCE AGREEMENT

ATTACHMENT 2 MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS

ATTACHMENT 3 HEAT STRESS

ATTACHMENT 4 INCIDENT REPORTING

917315\HSP1.CJD 07/24/91

Woodward-Clyde Consultants

1.0ADMINISTRATIVE INFORMATION

Project Name:

Project Number:

Site Location:

Program Manager:

Project Manager:

Site Safety Officer:

Health and Safety Officer:

Author of Plan:

Effective Dates:

Interchem

91C7315

Alton, Iowa

Dennis Y. Takade

Robert F. Skach

To be announced

Carla J. Dods

Michael D. Franano/Carla J. Dods

August 1, 1991 to July 31, 1992

APPROVALS

/99sDate7 7

Carla

Health

■'L ■&' Sk ■J. Dod/

i and SafSafety Officer

/ / /a iUi<^/(•&tzfl/tjL/KL \/j Jt

John Doherty, CIH ' /Central Operating Group

Corporate Health and Safety Officer

i?il

Date '

7-7i ■?/Date

917315NHSP1.CJD 07/24/91 1-1


2.0INTRODUCTION AND SITE INFORMATION

2.1 INTRODUCTION

Woodward-Clyde Consultants (WCC) has been retained by the Interchem Site PRP

Group (Interchem) to provide environmental services at a site in Alton, Iowa. The

investigation includes site reconnaissance, remediation oversight, pesticide formulation

materials inventory, tank sampling, soil sampling, and monitoring well installation and

sampling. This Health and Safety Plan is intended to provide a framework for the safe

conduct of the field work at the Interchem site. It provides requirements for all

Woodward-Clyde Consultant and subcontractor employees who will be involved in the

performance of the above-described activities. The safety plan describes the procedures

to be followed and the protective equipment to be used by employees and

subcontractors working at the sites.

The primary objective of the site specific Safety Plan is to establish, before site activities

begin, work safety requirements and protection procedures to minimize the potential

for exposure of field personnel. All personnel will be required to abide by its

provisions. The health and safety requirements presented are based on information

available at this time and are subject to revision upon subsequent discoveries regarding

potential hazards at the sites.

The compliance agreement presented in Attachment 1 must be signed by all personnel

directly involved in site activities prior to commencement of work on the site.

All on-site field work performed in exclusion zones and decontamination stations will

be performed in accordance with the Occupational Safety and Health Administration

(OSHA) "Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response; Final Rule", (29

CFR Part 1910.120, March 6, 1989).

917315\HSP1.CJD 07/24/91 2-1


2.2 SITE INFORMATION

The Interchem site is located two blocks to the east of the central business district in

Alton, Iowa (Figures 1 and 2). Business and residential districts are located to the south

and north of the site.

Pesticide formulation operations were conducted at the site between 1976 through 1988.

Both dry and liquid pesticides were handled at this facility and some of these products

have been left behind in various containers at the site. Some spillage of pesticides

occurred both inside the buildings and in areas around the facility. A significant amount

of analytical data exists from the site. USEPA has sampled soils and waste materials

at the site and compounds detected are listed in Table 4-1. Other products remaining

at the site which are discarded commercial products are listed in Table 4-2.

917315\HSP1.CJD 07/24/91 2-2

Woodward*Clyde Consultants

3.0

FIELD ACTIVmES

The field activities covered by this safety plan are described briefly in the following

sections. A detailed description of the field work is provided in the Work Plan and

Field Sampling Plan for the Interchem site. Site activities will include: site

reconnaissance and identification of sampling locations; remediation oversight; hand

augering and sampling of soil material; sediment sampling; monitoring well installation,

development, and sampling; and hazardous material inventory and sampling.

3.1 SITE RECONNAISSANCE

A reconnaissance of the Interchem sites will be conducted at the commencement of

field activities. This will include a walk-through to familiarize the field team with site

conditions and may include non-intrusive geophysical survey activities.

3.2 REMEDIATION OVERSIGHT

Woodward-Clyde Consultants’ personnel will be performing oversight of the on-site

remediation activities conducted by subcontractors at the Interchem site. Potential

remediation tasks include building cleaning and decontamination, excavation of soil and

debris, and hazardous waste container removal at the site.

3.4 SOIL/CONCRETE SAMPLING

Soil samples will be taken in various areas of the Interchem site. Samples from the

0-6 inch and 6-12 inch depths will be collected with a drive tube sampler and/or hand

auger. Concrete samples will be collected from an outside concrete pad.

917315\HSP1.CJD 07/24/91 3-1


3.5 MONITORING WELL INSTALLATION

Monitoring wells will be installed at various locations on the Interchem site as a part of•1site investigation activities. Well installation is an intrusive activity and will follow all

procedures outlined in this health and safety plan.

3.6 MONITORING WELL DEVELOPMENT AND SAMPLING

Water level measurements and ground water sampling will be conducted at any

monitoring wells at the Interchem site during the sampling events. Protocol for these

activities is described in detail in the above-referenced documents.

3.7 PESTICIDE FORMULATION - MATERIALS INVENTORY

AND DRUM MANAGEMENT

Pesticide formulations materials were left at the site in steel drums, fiber barrels, 5-

gallon pails, and plastic bags. These materials will be inventoried and disposed Of in an

appropriate manner. Drums will likely have to moved during these drum management

activities. Special drum handling procedures are outlined in Section 6.6.

Another task of drum management will be oversight of contractors or WCC contractors

during drum handling and disposal. The greatest concern is the physical hazards

associated with the drum handling and chemical exposure should a release occur.

3.8 TANK SAMPLING

Any waste materials left in aboveground storage tanks will be sampled to assess the

chemical composition. The tanks will be sampled through a hatch at the top of the

tank. Personnel will not enter the five tanks. Three of the five tanks reportedly

contained xylene, fuel oil, and kerosene. The contents of the remaining two tanks is

unknown at this time.

917315\HSP1.CJD 07/24/91 3-2


4.0

HAZARD ASSESSMENT

4.1 CHEMICAL HAZARDS

Previous field investigations performed at the Interchem site and historical records

indicate the presence of chlorinated pesticides and organophosphate pesticides present

on the property. Soil sampling has also indicated the presence of contaminants in this

media. Although all routes of exposure may present potential risk to field personnel,

it is anticipated that ingestion, dermal contact, and inhalation of contaminated

particulates, vapors, or liquids pose the greatest hazard. Every effort should be made

to avoid skin contact with waste materials, contaminated water, or soil. Soil sampling

will be conducted during the sampling event in order to evaluate the presence of

pesticides across the property.

Personal protective clothing and air monitoring have been specified in this safety plan

to reduce the risk of potential exposure through these routes.

Relevant information for the contaminants of concern is detailed below. Table 4-3

provides a summary of the important health information and Material Safety Data

Sheets (MSDS) are included in Attachment 2.

Chlordane is a thick, amber liquid with a chlorine-like odor. Exposure to chlordane will

primarily target the central nervous system, eyes, lungs, liver, kidneys, and skin.

Symptoms of acute, high level exposure may include the following: blurred vision,

confusion, ataxia, delirium, cough, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, tremor, and

convulsions. (PEL: 0.5 mg/m3; IDLH: 500 mg/m3)

Heptachlor/Heptachlor epoxide is a light tan, waxy solid with an odor like camphor.

Exposure will primarily affect the central nervous system and liver. Symptoms of acute

exposure may include tremors, convulsions, and liver damage. (PEL: 0.5 mg/m3; IDLH:

100 mg/m3)

917315\HSP1.CJD 07/24^1 4-1


Dieldrin is a colorless to light tan solid with a mild chemical odor. Exposures will

primarily target the central nervous system, liver, kidneys, and skin. Symptoms of acute

exposure may include headache; dizziness; nausea and vomiting; convulsions; coma.

NIOSH recommends treating dieldrin as a potential human carcinogen. (PEL:

0.25 mg/m3)

Ethylbenzene exerts an aromatic odor. Exposure to ethylbenzene targets the eyes, skin,

central nervous system, and upper respiratory system. Symptoms of exposure include

eye and mucous membrane irritation; headaches; dermatitis; narcosis and coma. (TLV:

100 ppm; IDLH: 2000 ppm)

Xvlene is a group of isomers often associated with the presence of benzene and toluene.

It was used as a carrier for several pesticide compounds. Exposure to xylene targets the

skin and eyes, central nervous system, liver, kidneys, blood, and gastrointestinal tract.

Symptoms of exposure include irritated eyes, nose, throat; abdominal pain, nausea,

vomiting; dizziness, excitement, drowsiness, staggered gait, incoordination; and

dermatitis. (TLV: 100 ppm; STEL: 200 ppm; IDLH: 10,000 ppm)

Toluene is a constituent of various petroleum products and wastes with a benzene-like

odor. Exposure to toluene targets the central nervous system, skin, liver and kidneys.

Symptoms of exposure include fatigue and weakness; confusion, dizziness, euphoria;

headaches; dilated pupils; nervousness; insomnia; dermatitis; photosensitivity. (TLV:

100 ppm; STEL: 300 ppm; IDLH: 2000 ppm)

Endrin is a colorless to tan solid with a mild chemical odor. Endrin is incompatible

with strong oxidizers and acids. Exposure to endrin targets the central nervous system

and liver. Symptoms of exposure include epileptiform convulsions, stupor, dizziness,

abdominal discomfort, nausea, vomiting, and aggressive confusion. (TLV: 0.1 mg/m3;

IDLH: 200 mg/m3)

Lindane (hexachlorocvclohexane) is a colorless solid with a musty odor. Lindane has

no known hazardous incompatibilities. Lindane is a commercial mixture of isomers of

1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane, an insecticide. Lindane exposure targets the eyes,

central nervous system, blood, liver, kidneys and skin. Symptoms of lindane exposure

917315\HSP1.CJD 07/24/91 4-2


includes irritated eyes, nose and throat, headaches, nausea, convulsions, respiratory.

problems, skin irritation, and muscle spasms. (TLV: 0.5 mg/m3; IDLH: 1000 mg/m3)

DDT is a colorless crystal or white to slightly off-white powder. DDT is incompatible

with strong oxidizing materials. DDT exposure targets the central nervous system,

kidneys, liver, and skin. Symptoms of DDT exposure include paralysis of the tongue,

lips, face; tremors, dizziness, convulsions; vomiting; and eye irritation. (TLV: 1 mg/m3)

Toxaohene is a yellow, waxy solid with a pine odor. Toxaphene exposure targets the

central nervous system, liver, skin, and kidneys. Symptoms of toxaphene exposure

include excitement and epileptiform convulsions. (TLV: 0.5 mg/m3)

Parathion and Methyl Parathion are crystalline substances soluble in most organic

solvents. Special precautions are necessary to prevent inhalation and skin

contamination. Acute effects of exposure include anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea,

excessive salivation, pupillary constriction, bronchoconstriction, muscle twitching,

convulsions, coma, and respiratory failure. (TLV: 0.1 mg/m3; IDLH: 20 mg/m3)

Endosulfan is a brown, crystalline mixture of two isomers. It is toxic by ingestion,

inhalation, and skin absorption and used as an insecticide. (PEL: 0.1 mg/m3)

Methoxvchlor is a colorless to light yellow, crystalline material with a slight fruity odor.

Methoxychlor is insoluble in water, incompatible with alkaline materials, and is used as

an insecticide. (PEL: 10 mg/m3 total dust)

Polychlorinated biphenvl (PCB) is a colorless, highly toxic compound containing two

benzene nuclei with two or more substituent chlorine atoms. PCBs have low vapor

pressures, therefore, dermal contact and inhalation/ingestion of contaminated

particulates are the primary exposure routes.

Diazinon is a colorless liquid, slightly soluble in water; freely soluble in petroleum

solvents, alcohol, and ketones. It is toxic by ingestion, inhalation, and skin absorption.

(PEL: 0.1 mg/m3)

917315\HSP1.CJD 07/24/91 4-3


Diphacinone is a yellow, odorless, crystalline powder which is practically insoluble in

water. It is a hazard in that it prevents blood clotting.

Maneb is a fungicide for foliage, and is described as a brown powder and partially

soluble in water. Maneb is the generic name for manganese ethylene-bisdithio

carbamate.

Captan is a white to cream powder practically insoluble in water. Captan is a reaction

product of tetrahydrophthalamide and trichloromethylmercaptan and is an irritant.

Inhalation of dusts or mists should be avoided.

Trichlorfon is a systemic insecticide, a white crystalline solid, and is soluble in water.

Trichlorfon is a cholinesterase inhibitor and can be absorbed by skin.

Dimethoate is a white solid, moderately soluble in water, and is a cholinesterase

inhibitor.

Strychnine is a hard, white crystal or powder with a bitter taste and is slightly soluble

in water. Strychnine is toxic by ingestion and inhalation. (PEL: 0.15 mg/m3)

Coumaphos is a crystal insecticide which is insoluble in water. Coumaphos is a

cholinesterase inhibitor.

Rotenohe is a white, odorless crystal, insoluble in water. Rotenone is toxic by ingestion

and overexposure can be fatal.

CarbarvI is a solid and is insoluble in water. Carbaryl is toxic by ingestion, inhalation,

and skin absorption, and is a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor.

Pvrethrum is a natural insecticide obtained by extractions of chrysanthemum flowers.

Pyrethrum is non-volatile, slightly soluble in water, and toxic by ingestion and inhalation.

Piperonvl Butoxide is a light brown liquid with a mild odor and is insoluble in water.

It is used as a synergist in insecticides in combination with pyrethrum in oil solutions.

917315\HSP1.CJD 07/24/91 4-4


Fuel Oil was sometimes used as a carrier for pesticides. There a various fuel oil

(i.e., No. 1 and No. 2) usually characterized as a light amber liquid with a mild

petroleum odor. Inhalation of vapors or mist irritates the respiratory system. Other

symptoms of exposure include nausea, vomiting, dizziness, headache, stupor, or

convulsions or loss of consciousness. Skin exposure to fuel oils is irritating and can

result in dermatitis. (PEL: 5 mg/m3)

Kerosene solvent is a white, oily liquid with a mild petroleum odor. Routes of exposure

include inhalation of vapors, mists or fumes, and skin contact. Symptoms of exposure

include irritation to the respiratory tract, skin, and eyes, headache, dizziness, nausea,

stupor, inebriation, convulsions, unconsciousness (high concentrations), and dermatitis.

Should kerosene be ingested symptoms include irritation to mouth, throat, and G.I.

tract, blurred vision, vomiting, dilated pupils, and diarrhea. (Exposure limit:

100 mg/m3 or 14 ppm, 10-hour TWA)

4.2 PHYSICAL HAZARDS

The activities to be performed under the provisions of this plan involve the potential

exposure to large machinery, particularly drilling and drum handling equipment. The

vegetation and terrain may pose additional physical hazards. Personnel should be aware

that the protective equipment worn may limit manual dexterity, hearing, visibility, and

may increase the difficulty of performing some tasks.

Personnel protective equipment places an additional strain on the wearer when

performing work that requires physical activity. Heat exhaustion or heat stroke are

possible, especially during warm weather. Heat exhaustion may produce symptoms such

as nausea, headache, weakness, dizziness, or extreme perspiration. Heat stroke, a

critical situation, is characterized by a sudden lack of perspiration, dry and red skin.

This condition requires immediate medical attention. All field personnel shall be

monitored prior to entering and after leaving the work area for signs of heat stress if

air temperatures become excessive. All personnel should be cognizant of the physical

condition of themselves and their fellow workers. A detailed description and treatment

of heat stress is included as a part of Attachment 3.

917315\HSP1.CJD 07/24/91 4-5


Known underground facilities, structures, and utilities will have been located from

available record information prior to initiating intrusive work. The locations must be

considered as being approximate. Be aware and always suspect the existence of

underground utilities such as electrical, power, gas, petroleum, telephone, sewer, and

water.

Special precaution must be taken when operating machinery (i.e., drill rig) in the vicinity

of overhead electrical power lines. Contact with electricity can shock, bum, and result

in death. All overhead electrical power lines are to be considered energized and

dangerous. Walk completely around the machine before beginning work at a site in the

vicinity of power lines. Determine what the minimum distance from any point on the

machine to the nearest power line will be when operating. Do not raise a mast or

boom, or operate the machine if this distance is less than 20 feet.

Extra precaution must be taken when climbing onto tanks to collect samples. If

necessary, safety harnesses with a safety line will be worn during sampling activities.

Any detached ladders used for access will be secured at the proper angle. A standby

person will be present to assist with emergencies. Personnel will not enter tanks to

collect samples; therefore, confined space entry procedures are not necessary at this

time.

Personnel should be cognizant of wind directions and attempt to coordinate field

activities and gasoline powered equipment so that exhaust fumes are located downwind

from work areas.

43 BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS

Assume that all animals are potentially dangerous. A person who is bitten by an animal

may become infected by tetanus or rabies. Warm-blooded animals, such as dogs, cats,

bats, rats, and squirrels can transmit rabies. Rabies can be transmitted when the saliva

from an infected animal contacts an open wound (even a scratch) or any normal body

opening, such as the mouth or eye.

9l7315\HSPl.CJD 07/24/91 4-6


Snakes may be present on the site. Avoid any contact with snakes and notify the SSO

immediately if a suspected poisonous snake is found in a work area. Some forms of

vegetation can pose hazards such as poison ivy or thorned plants. Avoid unnecessary

contact with suspect vegetation.

4.4 HAZARD EVALUATION

The hazards associated with the Interchem site includes the inhalation, ingestion, and

dermal contact of contaminated particulates and liquids, working around heavy

machinery, drum handling, and heat stress from conducting physically taxing activities,

such as hand auguring, during excessively warm weather. The overall hazard evaluation

is moderate due to the large number of contaminants previously detected at the site and

the physical hazards. Handling and sampling drums and tank sampling pose a high

hazard to personnel. The compounds of concern do pose a skin absorption hazard.

917315\HSP1.CJD 07/24/91 4-7


TABLE 4-1

MATERIALS IDENTIFIED AT THE INTERCHEM FACILITY

Compound

Maximum

Concentration in

Soil fms/ks)

Lindane 0.33

Heptachlor 0.036

Heptachlor epoxide 0.040

Endosulfan I 0.060

Dieldrin 0.007

Endrin 0.006

Toxaphene 38

Methoxychlor 1.0

4,4-DDE 0.46

4,4-DDT 0.042

4,4-DDD 0.76

a-Chlordane 0.023

g-Chlordane 0.057

PCB 1248 8.7

PCB 1254 2.8

vl15\! ISIM I AS.C.II) nT.'JM/VI Sheet 1 of 1


TABLE 4-2

OTHER MATERIALS SUSPECTED TO BE STORED

AT THE INTERCHEM FACILITY

Diazinon Diphacinone

Maneb Captan

Dipel

Xylene Trichlorfon

Dimethoate

Terrazan

Bromanide Strychnine

Coumaphos

Permethrin

Rotenone Carbaryl

Pyrethrum

Piperonyl Butoxide Trichloronate

Kerosene

Fuel Oil

Note: These materials are associated with the pesticides, herbicides, insecticides,

fungicides, and rodenticides remaining at the site. These materials, as well as those in Table 4-1, may be stored at the site in various steel

drums, fiber drums, pails, and plastic bags.

•/I7.U5\I ISIMTAS (Ml) 07/24/VI Sheet 1 of 1

lAiCONTAMINANT IIKAl/lllW) SAFFIT INFORMATION

Warning Ionization VaporCompound pfi/ilv 11)1.11 ' Concentration Potential leV) lfl % UKL % Pressure /niinlkODicldrin 0.25 mg/m3 Ca 0.041 ppm NA NA NA LowEndrin 0.1 mg/m3 200 mg/m3 (skin) . NA NA NA LowLindane 0.5 mg/m3 1000 mg/m3 3.90 mg/m3 NA NA NA 9.4 x 10 '*

DDT. DDE. DDD 1 mg/nt3 Ca 2.9 mg/m3 NA NA NA LowChlordanc 0.5 mg/m3 500 mg/m3 odorless 0.00(X)1Toxaphcne 0.5 mg/m3 0.0052 ppm

Heptachlor 0.5 mg/m3 100 mg/m3 0.02 ppm 0.1X103

Aldrin 0.25 mg/m3 Ca (skin) 6 x 10 6

Naphthalene 10 ppm 500 ppm 0.003 ppm 8.14 0.9 5.9 0.051,2,4-lrichlorobcnzene 5 ppm 11,2-dichlorohcnzcnc 50 ppm 1700 ppm 2-50 ppm 9.06 2.2 9.2 1.2

1,4-dichlorobenzene 75 ppm 1000 ppm 15-30 ppm 8.94 2.5 NA 0.4Methyl parathion 0.2 mg/m3 (skin)

Pa rath ion 0.1 mg/m3 20 mg/m3 0.48 mg/nt3 0.1XXI4Malathion 15 mg/m3 5000 mg/m3 10 mg/m3

f 0.1XXX14Dia/.inon 0.1 nig/m3 (skin) 0.002Xylenes (o-,p-,m-) 100 ppm 1000 ppm 0.5 ppm 8.576 1.1 6-7 7/9/9Ethyl benzene 100 ppm 2000 ppm 0.25 ppm 8.76 1.0 6.7 7.1Toluene 200 ppm 2000 ppm 0.17 ppm 8.82 1.3 7.1 22

Mcthoxychlor 10 mg/nr3 7500 mg/m3 NA NA NA Very lowPolychlorinated Biphenyl 0.001 mg/m3 10 mg/m3 NA NA NA NA 0.001(PCB)

Endosulfan 0.1 mg/m3

Strychnine 0.15 mg/m3

Rotcnonc 5.0 mg/m3

Carbaryl 5.0 mg/m3

Pyrcthrum 5.0 mg/m3

Fuel Oil 5.0 mg/m3 0.082 ppm 0.6-1 7.5-? 5

Kerosene 14 ppm 0.082-1 ppm 0.9 6 5

Notes: Ca = Carcinogen

NA = Not available

NE = None established

(skin) = Potential contribution to overall exposure by skin absorption (airborne or dermal contact).

9I73I5\HSP1TAS.CJD 07/24/91 Sheet 1 of

Wo

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-Clyd

e Co

nsu

ltants


5.0

GENERAL HEALTH AND SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

5.1 TRAINING

All WCC and subcontractor personnel will be required to have formal 40-hour health

and safety training as specified in the Occupational Safety and Health Administration’s

"Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response; Final Rule" (29 CFR Part

1910.120, March 6, 1989). This training will include the proper operation and care of

environmental monitoring equipment and respirators. Training records of all WCC

personnel will be kept on file by the Health and Safety Officer. The Site Safety Officer

will also be trained in first aid procedures.

Prior to field work, all field personnel will be fit-tested with the respirator to be used

during field activities. No field personnel will be allowed to work in a respirator for

which they have not been fit-tested, or if they have failed a qualitative fit test.

5.2 MEDICAL MONITORING

All personnel performing work on the site governed by this safety plan will be required

to comply with the provisions of the Woodward-Clyde Consultants Employee Medical

Surveillance Program (EMSP) or an equivalent program fulfilling OSHA requirements.

Personnel not completing the equivalent of the WCC entry (baseline) physical

examination will be required to complete such an examination prior to working on the

site. All personnel who have met the baseline examination requirement, but who have

not completed an annual physical within the past 12 months, will be required to

complete such an examination prior to working on the site.

5J COMPLIANCE AGREEMENT AND SAFETY MEETINGS

All personnel will receive a copy of this Health and Safety Plan and read the plan prior

to commencement of field work. The Compliance Agreement contained in Attachment

1 will be signed by field personnel after reading the plan and prior to initiating field

917315\HSP1.CJD 07/24/91 5-1


work. This agreement will be retained as part of the project files. In addition, a

project-specific safety briefing will be conducted by the Site Safety Officer (SSO) or

his\her designee prior to work on the site. During the briefing session, an overview of

the objectives of the project will be discussed, including:

• Scheduled field activities and personnel responsibilities;

• Standard Operating Procedures;

• Site control procedures;

• Contaminants and hazards identification and precautions;

• Exposure risk;

• Warning symptoms from exposure to contaminants;

• Protective equipment usage;

• Decontamination facility and procedures;

• Monitoring instruments usage;

• Prohibitions; and

• Emergency response.

Briefings will be repeated to new personnel as they arrive at the site. In addition, on

site safety meetings will be periodically conducted by the SSO to review safety

requirements or to discuss modifications to the Health and Safety Plan.

5.4 DOCUMENTATION

The SSO will document implementation of this HSP. The SSO will set up a file to

maintain health and safety related records and activity reports. This file will contain the

following:

Signed copies of the Compliance Agreement;

917315\HSP1.CJD 07/24/91 5-2


• Copies of safety equipment operations manuals;

• Records of usage and calibration of environmental monitoring

equipment;

• Employee injury/exposure incident reports; and .

• Records of safety violations and remedial actions taken.

Health and safety information will be documented in a field logbook and contain

information such as weather conditions, employees on-site, level of personal protection

worn, monitoring instrumentation readings (average, peak, and background), subjects

discussed during site health and safety briefings, and safety violations.

5.5 INCIDENT REPORTING

In the event of an emergency, the Site Safety Officer will contact the Project Manager

and Health and Safety Officer as soon as the situation allows. Injuries, exposures,

illnesses, safety infractions, and other incidents specified in Operating Procedure HS-502

(Attachment 4) must be reported to the Project Manager and the HSO using Form HS-

502 within 24 hours of occurrence.

5.6 PROHIBITED ACnVITIES

The following activities are prohibited:

• Smoking, eating, drinking, or any other activity involving hand-to-

mouth contact while in the exclusion and contamination-reduction

zones;

• Wearing respirators while sporting facial hair that could interfere

with proper respirator fit;

• Wearing contact lenses while in the exclusion and contamination-

reduction zones;

• Unauthorized removal of materials from the site; and

917315\HSP1.CJD 07/24/91 5-3


• Possession of controlled substances and items while working on-site.

Personnel must thoroughly wash their hands and face before eating, smoking, or

drinking.

5.7 VISITOR CLEARANCE

Visitors will require clearances by the SSO and/or a WCC-HSO. Visitors will only be

allowed in support zone areas unless compliance with this HSP is acknowledged in

conformance with Sections 5.0 and 6.3.

917315\HSP1.CJD 07/24^1 5-4

Woodward’Clyde Consultants

6.0

SITE SPECIFIC HEALTH AND SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

6.1 SITE ACCESS

Site access will be limited to personnel working on site, project management, and

approved visitors.

6.2 WORK ZONES

An exclusion zone boundary will be established, at a minimum, approximately 20 feet

around all intrusive activities and marked by survey flags, traffic cones, or stakes and

hazard tape. The exclusion zone may be expanded at the discretion of the Project

Manager, Site Manager, or Site Safety Officer to protect the health and safety of other

personnel and visitors on site.

Personnel entering the site and exclusion zone must wear the required protective

equipment as described in Section 6.3. Decontamination will occur at the edge of the

exclusion zone, in a separate contamination reduction area as described in Section 6.5.

63 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE LEVELS AND EQUIPMENT

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is described below for each type of work activity

to be conducted on the Interchem site.

63.1 Non-Intrusive Activities

Non-intrusive activities include site reconnaissance, surveying and general site

management. These activities, except for entering the main formulation building where

modified Level D is required, will be performed in Level D protective equipment as

listed below. Oversight of remediation work at the site will also be performed in Level

D unless entry into an exclusion zone is necessary. At that time, the level of protective

equipment required in the exclusion zone will be worn.

917315\HSP1.CJD 07/24/91 6-1


Level D Protection

• Coveralls (cotton or tyvek) or work clothes;

• Boots (steel toe);

• Safety glasses or goggles; and

• Hard hat (as required by OSHA).

63.2 Intrusive Activities

Modified Level D protection will be worn as a minimum by site personnel when

performing intrusive activities, when entering the main formulation building for

management purposes, and when present in an exclusion zone. Intrusive activities

include hazardous material inventory (no sampling, documentation only), surface and

subsurface soil sampling, sediment sampling, monitoring well installation, development

and sampling, and equipment decontamination. The equipment to be used is as follows:

Modified Level D Protection

• Tyvek coveralls (Poly-coated Tyvek for splash hazards);

• Chemical resistant, steel-toed boots, or work boots with covers (PVC,

Neoprene, rubber);

• Inner gloves (latex or vinyl);

• Outer, chemical resistant gloves (nitrile);

• Safety glasses or goggles;

• Hard hat (as required by OSHA); and

• Splash shield, as necessary.

Poly-coated Tyvek will be utilized during activities which pose a splash or spray hazard

to personnel. In particular, monitoring well development, ground water sampling, and

equipment decontamination will require coated Tyvek coveralls. A splash shield may

be worn during equipment decontamination utilizing a high-pressure sprayer. Ankles

917315\HSP1.CJD 07/24/91 6-2


and wrist will be taped for modified Level D protection. Toxic dust masks will be worn

during dusty conditions or when desired by site personnel prior to the dust action level

(such as when mixing grout) specified in Section 6.4 of this plan.

Personnel will upgrade to Level C respiratory protection when visible dust is present in

the air and as dictated by air monitoring (See section 6.4). Personnel will be allowed

to downgrade to modified Level D protection according to the air monitoring guidelines

outlined in Section 6.4. All sampling of the waste materials left in the building at the

site and in tanks will be conducted in Level C protection. Also, any handling or

movement of waste containers or materials by personnel will be conducted in Level C

protection. These waste materials left on-site are stored in 55-gallon steel drums, fiber

drums, and 5-gallon metal and plastic pails.

Level C Protection

• Air-purifying respirator with an organic vapor, particulate, and

pesticide combination filter cartridges;

• Tyvek coveralls (Poly-coated Tyvek for splash hazards);

• Chemical resistant, steel toed boots (PVC, Neoprene);

• Chemical resistant inner and outer gloves (see Modified Level D);

• Hard hat (as required);

• Safety glasses of goggles (with half-face respirator); and

• Splash shield, as required.

Half-face or full-face air purifying respirators may be worn by site personnel. Personnel

will only wear a respirator (type, make, and size) for which they have been fit-tested.

Cartridges to be used must be approved for the respirator to be worn. Respirator

cartridges will be capable of filtering pesticides, organic vapors and dusts, such as a

GMP cartridge for MSA respirators.

917315\HSP1.CJD 07/24/91 6-3


Respirator cartridges will be changed at any indication of breakthrough, when breathing

becomes difficult, or at the end of a full days use.

6.4 AIR MONITORING

Inhalation of fugitive dust containing contaminants is a major concern with low exposure

levels for many of the compounds. A formal dust monitoring program is not planned

for the field activities at this time. Total fugitive dust concentrations of approximately

2 mg/m3 are visible to the naked eye, therefore visible dust will be the criteria for

upgrading respiratory protection to Level C. Toxic dust masks will be provided for field

personnel to use at their discretion when engaging in dusty activities not associated with

chemical hazards, such as mixing grout during monitoring well installation.

Organic vapor monitoring during intrusive field activities will be conducted using a

Photoionization Detector (HNu or TIP) (10.2 or 11.7 eV source) or a Flame Ionization

Detector (OVA). An initial background air quality reading will be obtained upwind of

the work area prior to initiating intrusive work. During intrusive field activities, the

monitoring instrument will be positioned to monitor the breathing zone of workers.

Records will be maintained of all air survey results noting time, location, activity and

finding.

An action level of 5 ppm above background in the worker breathing zone will be used

during site activities. Consistent organic vapor readings of 5 ppm or greater in the

breathing zone will warrant the following procedures:

• All personnel will stop work and back-off from the intrusive area;

• Recheck the background ambient air reading;

• Recheck the air quality in the intrusive area; and

• If air quality in the exclusion zone remains at or above 5 ppm,

upgrade to Level C respiratory protection.

Consistent organic vapor readings at or above 15 ppm in the breathing zone warrant

a "stop work" action. Personnel in the exclusion zone will stop work and back-off from

917315\HSP1.CJD 07/24/91 6-4


the intrusive area in an upwind direction. Air quality will be verified and if instrument

readings remain elevated, the Project Manager and Health and Safety Officer will be

notified. An evaluation of the situation will be conducted and recommendations for

protective equipment and engineering practices will be implemented prior to

continuation of the field activity.

Engineering practices (i.e., dust control and ventilation fans) will be used whenever

possible to reduce any exposure that personnel may encounter.

Personal air sampling may be conducted during field activities to monitor for target

organic solvent and pesticide compounds. Samples will be collected on appropriate

filters and analyzed following OSHA or NIOSH methods. A summary of an example

sampling program is provided below.

ComDOund Method Number Filter

DDT NIOSH 3(S274) Glass Fiber

Toxaphene NIOSH 2(S67)/OSHA

0612

Mixed Cellulose-ester

Methoxychlor NIOSH 4(5371) XAD-2

Lindane NIOSH 5502 Glass Fiber

A specific personal air sampling program will be developed for each sampling event

based on the potential for exposure and current analytical data.

6.5 DECONTAMINATION PROCEDURES

6.5.1 General

Decontamination of equipment and personnel will be performed to limit the migration

of contaminants off-site and between work zones at the Site.

917315\HSP1.CJD 07/24/91 6-5


Equipment and other tools will be cleaned prior to the site entry to remove grease, oil,

encrusted dirt or other materials. The SSO will inspect all equipment prior to use on

site.

Reusable sampling equipment and any other tools used for intrusive work will be

decontaminated between sampling locations. Cleaning will consist of scraping and

scrubbing to remove encrusted materials followed by a Alconox soap and water wash,

if necessary, and potable water rinse. Following decontamination, clean equipment will

be stored on plastic sheeting and air dried if not immediately reused.

At the conclusion of work at the site, all equipment will be thoroughly cleaned using the

methods previously described. The SSO will inspect all equipment leaving the site for

adequacy of decontamination.

6.5.2 Personnel Decontamination

Personnel decontamination will be conducted at a decontamination area setup at the

edge of each exclusion zone. Decontamination will consist primarily of soap and water

washing and water rinse of exterior protective gear followed by doffing of the gear.

The general decontamination sequence for activities conducted at Modified Level "D"

follows:

1. Wash outer gloves and boots;

2. Rinse outer gloves and boots;

3. Remove1 tape at wrists and boot interface;

4. Remove outer gloves and boot covers;

5. Remove coverall;

6. Remove and rinse goggles and hardhat; and

7. Remove inner gloves.

917315\HSP1.CJD 07/24/91 6-6


The general decontamination sequence for activities conducted at Level "C” follows:

1. Wash outer gloves and boots;

2. Rinse outer gloves and boots;

3. Remove tape at wrists, boot and hood interface;

4. Remove outer gloves and boot covers;

5. Remove and rinse hardhat;

6. Remove coverall;

7. Remove APR, discard cartridges (if necessary), rinse APR; and

8. Remove inner gloves.

Gloves and coveralls should be removed by turning inside out. Ground cloths, gloves,

coveralls and APR cartridges will be placed into plastic trash bags and stored at the

contamination-reduction zone for disposal in a municipal trash receptacle.

Respirators will be cleaned with potable water in the field after each use and will be

washed at the end of the day using a soap and water wash followed by a potable water

rinse. Respirators will be inspected daily for damage, missing parts and proper function.

Reusable protective equipment worn by personnel performing field activities will be

rinsed with potable water after each use and will be cleaned at the end of each day in

the manner prescribed for respirators. Reusable items will be air-dried and placed into

plastic bags for storage.

Decontamination fluids will be handled on-site as directed by the SSO.

Decontamination equipment and supplies consist of the following:

• Potable water;

• Washtubs;

917315\HSP1.CJD 07/24/91 6-7


• Aiconox, follow mixing instructions;

• Brushes, hand sprayers;

• Plastic sheeting;

• 5-gallon buckets with lids; and

• Garbage bags.

6.53 Equipment Decontamination

Equipment decontamination will be conducted at the exclusion zone or an established

decontamination station. The general decontamination sequence for activities

conducted at both Modified Level "D" and Level "C' follows:

1. Lay down plastic ground cloth, as appropriate;

2. Rinse with potable water to remove soils;

3. Wash with potable water and Aiconox solution; and

4. Rinse with potable water.

Sampler decontamination will be conducted at the exclusion zone or an established

decontamination station. The general decontamination sequence follows:

1. Lay down plastic ground cloth;

2. Wash and scrub with potable water;

3. Wash and scrub with Aiconox and potable water;

4. Potable water rinse; and

5. Rinse with distilled water; and

6. Air dry.

917315\HSP1.CJD 07/24,91 6-8


6.5.4 Control of Field Work-Generated Waste Materials

Expendable materials having a low probability of contamination will be collected on a

routine basis. The materials will be placed into trash bags and will be temporarily

stored at the contamination-reduction zone. The materials collected will be put in a

municipal trash receptacle or as directed by the client representative. Expendable

materials include:

• Decontaminated expendable personnel protective equipment;

• Ground cloths; and

• Domestic refuse.

Decontamination wastes will be handled on-site and disposed as directed by the SSO.

Other work-generated wastes, such as auger cuttings, drilling mud, and development

water, will be disposed as directed in the Work Plan.

6.5.5 Sample Handling

All sample containers collected during the site characterization that are to be submitted

to a laboratory for analysis will be decontaminated prior to packaging for shipment.

Procedures for sample container decontamination will be as follows:

• Place clear plastic tape over label to protect the sample label;

• Dip the containers in a soap and water solution. Rinse with water;

and

• Dry sample containers and prepare for shipment.

In order to protect laboratory personnel from potentially contaminated samples and

broken containers, the following precautions will be taken:

• The shipping cooler will be lined with bubble wrap or foam

packaging material to protect containers from breakage;

917315\HSP1.GJD 07/24/91 6-9


• All samples will be placed in plastic bag lining the cooler;

• Individual sample containers will be wrapped in foam or bubble

wrap to prevent breakage;

• The plastic trash bag will be tied or sealed with packaging tape; and

• The drain hole on the cooler will be taped shut.

6.6 DRUM HANDLING PROCEDURES

Drums may have to be moved during the waste management inventory and drum

management activities. Correct handling of drums is necessary to avoid injury. Several

types of equipment can be used to move drums safely:

• A drum grappler attached to a hydraulic excavator;

• A frontend loader;

• A rough terrain forklift with drum grappler; and

• A hand operated drum cart.

Drums should never be moved or rolled by hand without the assistance of one of these

pieces of equipment. Over-packing of leaking drums must also be done utilizing

appropriate equipment and with extreme caution to avoid injury to hands or feet.

The opening of drums should be done with the appropriate tools. For closed top

drums, a bung wrench will be used. The bung should be opened slowly to release any

pressure in the drum. Air monitoring will be conducted during opening of drums with

an HNu or OVA.

During sampling of drums, the following procedures should be followed:

• Do not lean over other drums to reach the drums being sampled;

• Never stand on drums. Use mobile steps or another platform to

achieve the height necessary to sample the drums; and

917315\HSP1.CJD 07/24/91 6-10

Woodward-ClydeConsultants

• All drum sampling shall be done in Level C protective equipment.

All drum handling will be performed in accordance with the Occupational Safety and

Health Administration (OSHA) "Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency

Response; Final Rule", (29 CFR Part 1910.120, March 6, 1989).

917315\HSP1.CJD 07/24/91 6-11


7.0

EMERGENCY RESPONSE

7.1 SITE EMERGENCIES

In the event that an emergency situation arises such as an injury, illness, or fire, the

appropriate immediate response must be taken by the first person to recognize the

situation. The appropriate emergency contact will be notified immediately. In the case

of injury or illness, the proper emergency first-aid care will be rendered by a trained

person. If the injury or illness is from exposure to a hazardous substance, rapid

identification of that substance should be attempted. This information must be provided

to the medical personnel.

First-aid equipment and an emergency eyewash will be available at the area of field

work. Personnel will be notified as to their whereabouts during the initial safety briefing

A list of emergency contacts is provided in Section 7.2. A copy of the emergency

telephone numbers, directions and route map to the nearest hospital will be clearly

posted at the work area and in vehicles. See Section 7.2 and Figure 4 for this

information. The WCC Project Manager and Health and Safety Officer will be notified

of any accident, injury, or illness. Operating Procedure HS-502, Incident Reporting, will

be followed in the event of an emergency.

Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) are provided in Appendix C for the compounds

of concern. The MSDS details first aid procedures to follow in the event an exposure

occurs.

Personnel should also be aware of the possibility for the occurrence of severe weather

such as tornado, thunderstorms, hail, or high winds. Necessary precautions or response,

directed by the SSO, will be taken in the event of severe weather.

session.

917315\HSP1.CJD 07/24/91 7-1

> ■ . ■

7.2 HOSPITAL INFORMATION AND EMERGENCY CONTACTS

Hospital: Orange City Municipal Hospital

Route to Hospital from site:

Leave site, proceed north on State Highway 60 to State Highway 10. Turn west and go

3 miles to the Orange City Municipal Hospital.

Distance to Hospital: Approximately 5 miles

A route of the hospital map is provided as Figure 3.

Name/Organization Telephone Numbers

Orange City Municipal Hospital 712-737-4984

Ambulance 911

AltonSheriffs Department

Fire Department and Rescue Squad 712-756-4449

State Police, Iowa Highway Patrol

Poison Control Center 409-765-1420

24-Hour Hotline for Toxic

Exposure Treatment 513-421-3063


917315\HSP1.CJD 07/24/91 7-2


8.0

PROJECT PERSONNEL AND RESPONSIBILITIES

The organization and responsibilities for implementing safe hazardous waste site

investigation procedures, and specifically for the requirements contained in this plan,

are described below.

The objective of this site safety plan is to establish and ensure safe implementation of

procedures and practices for site investigation. Safety responsibilities are incorporated

into the site management roles to ensure the protection of all those involved.

Additionally, all persons participating in such investigations must be aware of the

dangers and assume appropriate responsibilities to protect themselves and others.

Woodward-Clyde Consultants personnel relevant to this Site Specific Safety Plan are:

Project Manager: Robert F. Skach 913/432-4242

Site Safety Officer: To be announced 913/432-4242

Health and Safety Officer: Carla J. Dods 913/432-4242

COG Health and Safety

Officer: John Doherty 303/694-2770

WCC Corporate Health and

Safety Administrator: Phillip L. Jones 215/825-3000

PROJECT MANAGER

For this project, the Project Manager has the following responsibilities:

• To see that the project is performed in a manner consistent with the

WCC procedures;

• To have an approved Health and Safety Plan prepared and properly

implemented for this project;

917315\HSP1.CJD 07/24/91 8-1


• To provide the Health and Safety Officer with project information

related to health and safety matters;

• To implement the Health and Safety Plan;

• To ensure compliance with the Plan by all field personnel; and

• To coordinate with the Health and Safety Officer on health and

safety matters.

The Project Manager has the authority to take the following actions:

• To determine matters relating to schedule, cost, and personnel

assignments on hazardous waste management projects;

• To appropriately delegate day-to-day authority and responsibilities

to the Site Manager;

• To temporarily suspend field activities, if health and safety of

personnel are endangered, pending further consideration by the

Business Unit Health and Safety Officer or WCC EOG Health and

Safety Officer; and

• To temporarily suspend an individual from activities for infractions

of the Plan pending further consideration by the WCC Health and

Safety Officer or WCC EOG Health and Safety Officer.

HEALTH AND SAFETY OFFICER

The Health and Safety Officer has the following responsibilities:

• To interface with the Project/Site Managers as may be required in

matters of health and safety;

• To develop a Site Specific Safety Plan for the project and to submit

it to the WCC Health and Safety Administrator for approval;

• To appoint or approve a Site Safety Officer to assist in implementing

the Health and Safety Plan;

• To monitor compliance with the approved Health and Safety Plan;

917315\HSP1.CJD 07/24/91 8-2


• To assist the Project/Site Managers in seeing that proper health and

. safety equipment is available for the project; and

• To approve personnel for work on this site with regard to medical

examinations and health and safety training.

The Health and Safety Officer has the authority to take the following actions:

• To suspend work or otherwise limit exposures to personnel, if the

Plan appears to be unsuitable or inadequate;

• To direct personnel to change work practices, if they are deemed to

be hazardous to health and safety of personnel; and

• To remove personnel from the project, if their actions or conditions

endanger their health and safety or the health and safety of co

workers.

SITE SAFETY OFFICER

A WCC employee will serve as Site Safety Officer for the duration of the field activities.

The Site Safety Officer has the following responsibilities:

• To direct health and safety activities on-site as primary work

function;

• To report safety-related incidents or accidents to the Project

Manager and Health and Safety Officer;

• To assist the Project/Site Managers in all aspects of implementing

the Health and Safety Plan;

• To maintain health and safety equipment on-site, as specified in the

Plan;

• To perform health and safety activities on-site, as specified in the

Site Specific Safety Plan, and report results to the Project/Site

Managers and the Health and Safety Officer;

• To maintain documentation of health and safety measures taken at

the site including:

917315\HSP1.CJD 07/24/91 8-3


Distribution of Health and Safety Plan and

Compliance Agreements;

Levels of personnel protection;

Environmental monitoring results; and

Incident reporting.

The Site Safety Officer has the authority to take the following actions:

• To temporarily suspend field activities, if the health and safety of

personnel are endangered, pending further consideration by the

Health and Safety Officer or WCC EOG Health and Safety Officer;

and

• To temporarily suspend an individual from field activities for

infractions of the Plan, pending further consideration by the Health

and Safety Officer or WCC EOG Health and Safety Officer.

917315\HSP1.CJD 07/24^1 8-4

FIGURES

14

SCALE

0 14 28

MILES

IN

l

INTERCHEM SITE - ALTON. IOWA

Woodward—Clyde ConsultantsEngineers, Geologists, And Environmental Scientists

SITE LOCATION MAP

DRAWN: M.A.L. | DATE: 06/14/911 PROJECT NUMBER 191C7315 |

FIG. NO.

CHECKED: p!t."C • | DATE: Ot/2\ fal | 1

D.D

.S. ACA

D R1

1 c2

1-60

006

/27/

91 08

:31:

46

INTERCHEM / DENOVA ALTON,

PESTICIDE COMPANY IOWA

Woodward—Clyde ConsultantsEngineers, Geologists, And Environmental Scientists

A

ROUTE TO HOSPITAL MAP

DRAWN: C £& | DATE: V-/7' f/ | PROJECT NUMBER 191C7315 1

nG. NO.

CHECKED: | DATE: | 3

ATTACHMENT 1

COMPLIANCE AGREEMENT

COMPLIANCE AGREEMENT

INTERCHEM

ALTON, IOWA

WCC PROJECT 91C7315

I,, have read this Health and Safety Plan and hereby agree to abide by its provisions and to aid the Site Safety Officer in its

implementation. I understand that it is in my best interest to see that site operations

are conducted in the safest manner possible; therefore, I will be alert to site health and

safety conditions at all times.

Signature Date

917315\HSP1.CJD 07/24/91

ATTACHMENT 2

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETGENIUM PUBLISHING CORPORATION

1145 CATALYN STREETSCHENECTADY. NY 12303-1836 USA

(518) 377-8855€PGENIUM PUBLISHING CORP

No.385

ETHYL BENZENE

Date August 1978

SECTION I. MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION

MATERIAL NAME: ETHYL BENZENE

OTHER DESIGNATIONS: Phenylethane, Ethylbenzol, C2H5C6H5, CAS0 000 100 414

MANUFACTURER: Available from several suppliers.

SECTION II. INGREDIENTS AND HAZARDS HAZARD OATA

Ethyl Benzene

*Current OSHA permissable exposure level. A Standard

was proposed by OSHA in October 1975 which includes

an action level of 50 ppm, and detailed requirements

of monitoring, medical surveillance, employee training, etc., when exposure exceeds 50 ppm. It has not

yet issued as a legal requirement.

ca 100 8-hr TWA 100 ppm*

Human, inhalation

TCLo 100 ppm for

8 hr (irritation)

Rat, Oral LD50 3500 mg/kg

SECTION III. PHYSICAL DATA

Boiling point at 1 atm, deg C — 136

Vapor pressure at 25.9 C, mm Hg - 10Vapor density (Air=l) ---------- 3.66

Water solubility at 20 C Wt. Z - 0.015

Specific gravity

Volatiles. Z —20/4C —

Evaporation rate (BuAc=l)Melting point, deg C ---

Molecular weight -------

0.867

ca 100 <1 -95

106.16

Appearance & Odor: Clear, colorless liquid with an aromatic hydrocarbon odor.

SECTION IV. FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA LOWER UPPERFlash Point and Method59 F (15 C) (closed cup] 810 F (432 C)

Autoignition Temp. Flammability Limits In Air

Volume Z 1.0 6.7

Extinguishing media: Carbon dioxide, dry chemical or "alcohol" foam, A water spraymay be ineffective to put out fire, but may be used to cool fire-exposed container A stream of water can spread fire of burning liquid.

This is a'flammable liquid (OSHA Class IB) which can readily form explosive mixtures with ajr, especially when heated. Heavier-than-air vapors can flow along surfaces to reach distant ignition sources, and then flash back. Firefighters should use self-contained breathing equipment and eye protection to fight fires in enclosed places.

SECTION V. REACTIVITY DATA

This material is stable in storage in closed containers at room temperature. It

does not polymerize.

This flammable material should be kept separated from oxidizing agents, strong acids

and bases and ammonia. Thermal-oxidative degradation can produce toxic products,

including carbon monoxide.

Copyright © IM4 Centum PuMWUog CorpomtiooAny ciumrrbl n> without pnhHihir’. apcciflc |itn»ilmliin b proMbiud. GENIUM PUBLISHING

385NO.

SECTION VI, HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION TLV 100 ppmExcessive exposure to vapors will irritate the eyes and mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract. Sustained high levels can produce headache, depression of the central nervous system, narcosis and coma.

Liquid contact is irritating to the eyes and irritation and defatting to the skin, leading to dermatitis on prolonged or repeated exposures. Ingestion may lead to aspiration of liquid into the lungs small amounts of aspirated ethyl benzene cause extensive edema and hemorrhage of lung tissue. FIRST AIDt

Eye contact; Wash eyes well with plenty of running water. Get medical help if

irritation persists.

Skin contact: Wash exposed areas of skin. Promptly remove contaminated clothing.

Inhalation: Remove victim to fresh air. Restore breathing if necessary. Get

medical help for serious exposure.

Ingestion: Get prompt medical help! (The danger of aspirating ethyl benzene into

the lungs indicates medical direction before inducing vomiting.)

SECTION VII. SPILL, LEAK, AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURES

Personnel involved in leak or spill control and clean-up must use protective equipment to avoid inhalation of vapors and contact with liquid. Eliminate ignition sources. Provide maximum explosion-proof ventilation.

Pick-up spilled material for recovery or disposal. Absorb with sand, etc. for disposal in a sanitary landfill or with paper towels or cloths for burning. Water can be used to flush liquid away from sensitive areas to special catch basins or ground, but not to sewer or surface water.

DISPOSAL: Scrap material can be burned in approved incinerators in accordance withFederal, State and local regulations.

SECTION VIII. SPECIAL PROTECTION INFORMATION

Provide expolosion-proof general and local exhaust ventilation to meet TLV requirements. Approved respirators must.be available for non-routine or emergency use.A full face respirator with organic vapor cartridge can be used up to 1000 ppm; a gas mask with organic vapor canister can be used up to 5000 ppm* a self-contained respirator is needed for high and unknown concentrations of vapor.

Use impervious gloves and clothing and a face shield to prevent repeated or prolonged contact with the liquid. Where splashing is possible chemical goggles should be used. Clothing contaminated with ethyl benzene should be promptly removed and not reused until free of the contaminant.

Exposures above the action level, liquid contact, or working where fire and explosicfn hazards exist may require instituting employee training, medical surveillance, vapor concentration monitoring, record keeping, etc. when the proposed standard

Issues,

SECTION IX. SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS AND COMMENTS

Store this material in tightly closed containers in cool, well-ventilated areas, away from oxidizing agents, heat and sources of Ignition. Use non—sparking tools around this material. Containers must be electrically bonded and grounded for transfers of liquid. Use safety cans for small amounts. No Smoking! where this

material is stored or used. , . ... , . .Screen workers for history of kidney, liver, skin and lung problems which could give

increased sensitivity and risk in ethyl benzene exposure.Avoid breathing of vapors and contact with liquid. Do not Ingest. Chronic proper

ties are not fully known; use with care.

DATA SOURCE(S) CODE: 2-9. 11. 12

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autft rturmaiovOanMw *ubkafanQ Corporator* ananos no warrant*!, rnakoa no aproamaons and aaajrw no raaponatoaa, as to too accvracy or ii.ansit) of >oorwatojn tor tcpsrurm to pv

coooar's aaandao pupoaaa or m oomaqutncas as *aa.

MISAPPROVALS: CRD

Industrial Hygiene ____ and Safety

• / h ,<V- X,

Corporate Medica Staff

GENIUM PUBLISHING


1145 CATALYN STREETSCHENECTADY. NY 12303-1836 USA

(518) 377-8855(UPGENIUM PUIUSHING COAP.

NO. 317

TOLUENE

Revision C

Date August 1979


MATERIAL NAME:. TOLUENEOTHER DESIGNATIONS: Toluol, Methylbenzene, Phenylmethane, CHiC^Hc, GE Material D5B11.

ASTM D362 and D841, CAS# 000 108 883MANUFACTURER: Available from many suppliers, including Shell Chemical Co. and

Sun Oil Co.

SECTION II. INGREDIENTS AND HAZARDS HAZARD DATA

Toluene

*ACGIH (1978); (skin) notation indicates a potential contribution to overall exposure via skin absorption. OSHA/

NIOSH (1976) proposed an 8-hr TWA of 100 ppm, with a 15 minute ceiling of 200 ppm, and an action level of 50 ppm. Current OSHA TLV is 200 ppm.

ca 100 8-hr TVA 100 ppm (skii)* or 375 mg/mJ

Human, inhalation TCLo 200 ppm (central nervous syst

Rat, Inhalation LCLo 4000 ppm/4 hr

Rat, oral

LD50 5000 ag/kg


Bolling point, 1 atm, deg F (C) -- 231 (110.6)Vapor pressure @ 25 C, no Hg------28Vapor density (Air-1)-- ------—— 3.2

Solubility in water, X ------------ 0.05

Specific gravity (Water-1)

Volatiles, X ------------0.866100

Evaporation rate (BuAc-1) — 1.9Molecular weight ----------- 92.15

Appearance & Odor: Water white liquid with a characteristic aromatic odor, whose recognition threshold (unfatigued) is 2-5 ppm (100Z of test panel). Odor detection is unsatisfactory for safety because of fatigue.

SECTION IV. FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA LOWER UPPER

Flash Point and Method

40 F (4.4 C) Closed cup

Autolgnltion Temp.

C) i

Flammability Limits In Air

X bv volume _Li_ _LExtinguishing Media: Carbon dioxide, dry chemical, foam, and water fog. Water may be ineffective for putting out fire, but use spray to cool fire-exposed containers.

At room temperature, toluene emits vapors that can form flammable mixtures with air. It is a dangerous fire hazard and a moderate explosion hazard when exposed to heat and flame. Vapors can flow along surfaces to distant ignition sources, then flash back.

Firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus and eye protection when fight

lng toluene fires.


Toluene is a stable material under normal storage and handling. It does not undergo

hazardous polymerization.Since toluene is a flanmable liquid, avoid contact with heat, sparks or open flames. Avoid contact with strong oxidizing agents. Nitric acid and toluene, especially in combination with sulfuric acid, will produce nitrated compounds which are dangerously

explosive.Oxidation in air can form oxides of carbon and nitrogen.

Copyright © !M4 Gmhun PuMhhlag Corporation

Amy coauaercioi use without publisher's specific perwiision b prohibited. GENIUM PUBLISHING

No. 317

SECTION VI. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION TLV 100 ppm (skin) (See Sect.II)Vapor inhalation can produce headache and slight arowsiness at 10U ppm, fatigue, nausea

and itching skin at 100-200 ppm, anesthetic effects and respiratory tract and eye irritation above 200 ppm. Absorption can occur through the skin, and liquid contact will cause defatting of the 6kln. with possible dermatitis from repeated or prolonge< contact. Eve contact is irritating and can be damaging (corneal burns). Ingestion irritates tne digestive tract and results in systemic effects from absorption.

FIRST AID:tact: Immediately irrigate with water for 15 minutes. Get medical help.ntact: Wash area with soap & water; remove contaminated clothing promptly.

Get medical help if irritation persists or if large areas of skin were exposed. Inhalation: Remove to fresh air; restore breathing and give oxygen if needed. Getmedical help!

Ingestion: Get medical help as soon as possible! When victim is conscious, give DSPmineral oil to drink. (Aspiration is a potential hazard if vomiting occurs!)

t.yeSkir

SECTION VII. SPILL, LEAK, AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURESReport large spills to safety personnel. Remove ignition sources; provide expxosion-

proof ventilation. Those involved in clean-up must use protection again liquid contact and vapor Inhalation. Pick as liquid when feasible, or absorb on vermiculite or sand and scoop up with nonsparking tools into a metal container with cover. Liquii can be flushed with a water spray to an open holding area for handling. Do not flush to sewer, to a confined space, or to a watercourse!

DISPOSAL: Consider reclaiming by distillation or disposal via a licensed waste disposa!Scrap may be incinerated under properly controlled conditionscompany.

Federal, State and local regulations.

Follow


Provide general and exhaust ventilation to meet TLV requirements.Ventilation fans & other electrical service must be nohsparklng and explosion proof. Exhaust hoods should have >100 lfm face velocity and be designed to capture heavy vapors. Exposure above the TLV for nonroutine and emergency situations requires use of an organic chemical cartridge respirator up to 200 ppm; above 200 ppm a full face piece is required with an approved canister-type gas mask or self-contained breathing equipment

Safety goggles or glasses should be worn in areas of use. Impermeable (neoprene has been recommended) gloves and apron, face shield, and other protective clothing may be needed to prevent skin contact during use, especially where splashing may occur.An eyewash station should be available if splashing is possible. A safety shower and washing facilities should be available.


Store in cool, clean, well-ventilated area away from sources of heat and ignition and away from oxidizing agents. Area must meet requirements of OSHA Class IB liquid. No smoking in areas of storage or use. Nonsparking tools should be used near toluene. Use safety cans for handling small amounts. Ground and bond metal containers for liquid transfers to prevent static sparks. Protect containers from physical damage

Preplacement and periodic medical exams emphasizing the liver, kidneys, nervous system, lungs, heart and blood should be provided. At least an annual exam is recommendedfor workers exposed above the action level (50 ppm),

the narcotic effect and blood effects of toluene.

Use of alcohol can aggravate

DATA SOURCE(S) CODE: 1-9,12,20,21,24,26

Mgnwv a» to vw ttajpaty of rJortnaten ha*#r tor : gwti— tuipomcm, Tharator* irttugn n non tas cm Has

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» pwrposas art nacasartfy Own taMn tr« praparabon ot

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APPROVALS: --- ^

Industrial Hygiene and Safety

MEDICAL REVIEW: 12/79

GENIUM PUBLISHING

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETGEnium publishing corporation

1145 catalyn street SCHENECTADY NY 12303-1636 USA

(518) 377-8855

(HPOfMIUM PUUIIMIWO COt#.

No. 318

XYLENE(mixed isomers)

Revision C

Date November 1980


MATERIAL NAME: XYLENE (mixed isomers)

OTHER DESIGNATIONS: Xylol, Dimethylbenzene, C6H4(013)2; ASTM D843, D845 and D846;GE Material D5B9, CAS #001 330 207.

MANUFACTURER: Available from many suppliers, including EXXON Company USA andShell Chemical Company.


Xylene (o, m, p-isomers)

Other C7 to C9 Hydrocarbons*

♦Material may contain ethylbenzene (8-hr TWA 100 ppm) and traces of toluene and C9 aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons. Some commercial products may contain over IOC non-xylene hydrocarbons, mostly ethylbenzene.

♦♦Current 0SHA standard and ACGIH (1980) TLV. NIOSH has proposed a 10-hr TWA of 100 ppm with a 200 ppm celling

level (10 min. sample).STATUS: NCI bioassay for carcinogenesis study 9/78. TLV set to prevent irritant effects and CNS depression.

>90

<108-hr TWA 100 ppm (skjn)** or 435 mg/m3

Xylene Typical

Human, inhalation TCLo 200 ppm (Irritation Effects)

Rat, oral LD50 g/kg

"IKS’ 55‘is/k*


Boiling range, 1 atm, deg C ---Vapor pressure at 20 C, mm Hg —Vapor density (Air«l) ----------Solubility in water ------------

135-145* Specific gravity (H20-1)ca 6 Volatiles, Z --- -------3.7 Evaporation rateNegligible Molecular weight

- 0.36-0.87- ca 100

(BuAc-1) - 0.6---------- 106.18

Appearance & Odor: Light colored or colorless, mobile liquid with an aromatic odor.The recognition threshold (100Z of test panel) is about 0.3 ppm in air (unfatigued) for xylene.

♦Wider and narrower boiling range materials axe commercially available.

SECTION IV. FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA LOWER UPPER

Flash Point and Method>77 F (TCC)

Autolgnltlon Temp.867 F

Flammability Limits In AirVolume Z

Extinguishing Media: Use dry chemical, foam, CO2, and water fog or steam to provide a smothering effect on fire. A water stream can scatter flames. A spray of water may

be used to cool fire-exposed containers.This flaamable liquid la a dangerous fire hazard and a moderate explosion hazard when exposed to heat or flame. Heavier-than-alr vapors can flow along surfaces to distant

ignition sources and flash back.Firefighters should use self-contained breathing apparatus.


This material is stable in closed containers at room temperature. It does not poly

merize.It is flammable (0SHA Class IC liquid) and can form explosive mixtures with air. Keep

away from sources of heat, sources of Ignition and strong oxidizing agents. Thermal-

oxidative degradation in air can produce toxic vapors and gases, Including carbon

monoxide and oxides of nitrogen.

Cafj**i © IW G-fm NkMfc* GENIUM PUBLISHING

NO 318

SECTION VI. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATIONT‘-v 100 ppm or 435 mg/m3

Inhalation of xylene at the TLV mav cause mild irritation and dizziness in sensitive persons. Concentrations from 100-200 ppm may cause nausea, headache and depression.Vapor levels >200 ppm can have an anesthesic effect. Skin contact may produce mild irritation and skin defatting. Eye contact may cause burning and irritation. Ingestion of xylene may cause poisoning. One ounce or more may be fatal. Aspiration can be a hazard if this material is swallowed.

FIRST AID:Eve Contact: Irrigate with water for 15 minutes. Get medical attention!Skin Contact; Wash with soap and water. Remove contaminated clothing promptly. Replace lost skin oils with approved lotions or creams.

Inhalation: Remove victim to fresh air. Restore breathing if required. Get medicalattention if symptoms persist or if nausea or collapse has occurred.

Ingestion: Get medical attention immediately! Give white mineral oil demulcent andsaline cathartic, but do not induce vomiting unless directed by a physician.

Maintain observation of patient for possible delayed onset of pulmonary edema.


Notify safety personnel. Remove all ignition sources. Provide adequate ventilation.Use vermiculite or sand to absorb spill; scrape up with nonsparking tools and place in a covered metal container. The absorbed material may be burned in an open pit, or placed in cardboard boxes and burned in an incinerator. Spilled liquid can be flushed away from sensitive locations with a water stream; flush to open area not to sewer!

DISPOSAL: Scrap liquid may be atomized into an approved Incinerator, or it may be dis-posed of via a licensed solvent disposal company% When large amounts are involved re claimation procedures may prove economical. Follow Federal, State, and Local regulations.

Aquatic toxicity rating TLm 96: 100-10 ppm.


Provide general ventilation and efficient exhaust ventilation (explosion-proof equipment to meet TLV requirements and to control heavier-than-air vapors. Use >100 lfm face velocity for exhaust hoods. Use approved organic vapor canister respirators for short periods of nonroutine work or emergency situations at up to 1000t2000 ppm and approved self-contained respirators for higher and unknown vapor levels. Full facepiece requirec

Buna-N rubber gloves and aprons should be worn to prevent contact of xylene with the ski’ Safety glasses or goggles should be used for eye protection and eyewash stations shoul be readily accessible to use areas.

Comprehensive preplacement and biennial medical examinations to be directed toward, but not limited to, liver, kidney, gastrointestinal disorders, skin irritation, andthe

central nervous system.


Store in closed containers in a clean, cool, well-ventilated area, away from sources of heat, sources of ignition and strong oxidizing agents. Protect containers from physical damage. Bond and ground metal containers when transferring liquid. Use meta safety cans for small amounts. Use nonsparking tools for work in solvent areas. No Smoking in areas of use or storage.

Prevent skin contact and remove contaminated clothing promptly. Avoid repeated or pro

longed breathing of vapor. Do not ingest!

DATA SOURCE(S) CODE: 1-12.19-21,23.26,31,34,37-3 >

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APPROVALS:

MIS

CRD

Industrial Hygiene

and Safety

^■0 //-.*■'«

MEDICAL REVIEW: December 5, 1980

GENIUM PUBLISHING


1145 CATALYN STREETSCHENECTADY NY 12303-1836 USA

(518) 377-8855€PSIMIUM KJtUtHlHO COIF.

NO 358

O-DICHLOROBENZENE

Revision B

DATE February 1984


MATERIAL name. o-DICHLOROBENZENE

OTHER DESIGNATIONS: DCB, 1,2-Dichlorobenzene, CAS# 000 095 501, orthodichlorobenzene,C^H^C^, o-Dichlorobenzol bie '--MANUFACTURER: Available from many, suppliers. Including:

Dow Chemical, USA Midland, MJ 48640 Emergency Phone: (517) 636-4400

'V

SECTION II. INGREDIENTS AND HAZARDS % HAZARD DATA

‘8-hr TWAo-Dichlorobenzene Impurities:_p-dichlorobehzene (MSDS 5141 m-dichlorobenzene

‘Current OSHA and ACCIH (1983) TLV. The ortho-isomer considered to be more toxic than the meta- and para-

isomers.

>80

<17

<2

is

50 ppm (C)‘

75 ppmNo TLV Established

Rat, Oral LDjq 500 mg/hg

Rat, Inhalation LCLo 821 ppm/7H

SECTION III. PHYSICAL DATABolling point, 1 atm, deg C -- 180Vapor pressure, 20 C, mm Hg -- 1.2Vapor density (Alr»l)---------5.1Water solubility g/100 cc H20 - 0.015

Specific gravity, 25/25 C

Volatiles X --------------Evaporation rate (BuAc«l)

Melting point, deg C ----Molecular weight --—---

1.3

ca 100 <1-17.5147

Appearance & Odor: Colorless to pale yellow liquid with a pleasant aromatic odor at lowconcentration (irritation effects at higher levels). Odor perceptible at 2-4 ppm.

SECTION IV. FIRE AND EXPLOSION OATA lower Upper

rio«h Joint end Method

151 F (TCC)

Awtoiqnitton

1198 F

riommoQility LimiH in Air

X by Volume 2.2 9.2

Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical, carbon dioxide, alcohol foam, water spray. Undernormal working conditions, it should not pose a fire hazard, because of its high flash

point. Explosive mixture may form in air when material is heated, such as in a fire. Use water apray to keep fire«exposed containers cool, to disperse vapors, or to flush

spills away from exposures.Firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus.

SECTION V. REACTIVITY DATADCB is a stable material in closed containers at room temperature under normal storage

and handling conditions. It does not polymerize.Incompatible with strong oxidizers or heated aluminum and aluminum alloys.

Thermal-oxidative degradation products Include oxides of carbon, hydrogen chloride and

chlorine.

GENIUM PUBUSHING

NO DISSECTION VI HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION T1-v 50 ppm (C) See Sect. II

:h« vapors are irritating to the excessive inr.aiatior. of vapors sion. Noticeable eye irritatio a few r.inutes. Can re absorbed ration. Prolonged or repeated include her.a to logical disorders

PI P.ST AID:

skin, eyes, mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract, can cause drunkenness, anesthetic effect and CSS depres- n at 25-30 pom has been reported after brief exposure of through the skin. Liquid contact with skin causes irri-

contact may cause blister formation. Toxic effects can and liver and kidney damage.

Eye Contact: Flush immediately with running water for 15 min. including under eyelids.

rea with water while removing contaminated clothing, r. Restore and/or support breathing as needed.hazard if vomiting is induced. Give 2-3 glasses of

ute. Contact physician. If victim has ingested toxic quan- t readily available, induce vomiting, er treatment, observation and support after first aid.

Skin Contact: Flush affected aiInhalation: Remove to fresh ailIngestion: Chemical aspirationwater or milk to-drink to dil taties and medical help is no

Seek medical assistance for furth

SECTION VII. SPILL. LEAK. AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURES

Notify safety personnel. Remove sources of heat or ignition. Provide adequate ventilation Clean-up personnel to use protective equipment to avoid liquid contact or vapor inhalation.

Contain spills by diking. Collect liquid if feasible. Absorb small spills and residues on sand or vermiculate and place in a closed metal drum for disposal or reclamation.

DISPOSAL: Waste liquid can be burned in an approved, scrubber-equipped incinerator.buriedin an approved landfill, or disposed of via a licensed waste disposal company. Follow Federal, State and Local regulations.

EPA (RCRA) Hazardous Waste No. 1 070 (40CFR261) EPA (CWA) HO is 100 lb (40CFR117)


Provide adequate general and local exhaust ventilation to meet TLV requirements.A chemical cartridge respirator with an organic vapor cartridge and full facepiece can be

used below 1000 ppm. Nonroutine or" emergency situations require a self-contained breathing apparatus with full facepiece.

Wear rubber gloves and apron to prevent skin contact. L'se chemical safety goggles for eye protection where splashing is possible.

Eyewash stations and washing facilities should be accessible In areas of use and handling.Launder contaminated clothing before reuse. Contaminated shoes should be discarded.


Store in closed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from oxidizing agents and sources of heat and ignition. Protect containers from physical damage. Outside or

detached storage preferred.Avoid inhalation of vapors. Avoid contact with eyes and skin. Do not ingest. Practice

good personal hygiene.Acute overexposure unlikely due to good warning properties (odor, eye & respiratory

irritation). Individuals may .:>-dop tolerance to high levels of exposure.DOT Classification 0R.M-A I.: . n... l'S 1591 Label: None

DATA SOURCE(S) CODE: 1-12, N 1 -j , 25- 31,>34, 37, 38, 43, 45-49, 53

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APPROVALS. MIS CRD

INOUST HYGIENE safety /1*MEDICAL REVIEW:

GENIUM PUBLISHING

GENIUM PUBLISHING CORPORATION

1145 CATALYN STREET SCHENECTADY. NY 12303-1836 USA

(518) 377-8855

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET

OfNIUM PUBUSHIMO COW.

NO. 365

trichlorobenzene,DIELECTRIC GRADE

REVISION A

Date December 1979

SECTION I.MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION

MATERIAL NAME': TR1CKL0R0BE-NIEXE, DIELECTRIC CRADE

DESIGNATION: This material is a specific technical mixture (see Sec. II), based mainlyon 1,2,--trichlorobenzene and its isomers.

OTHER DESIGNATIONS: CE Material D5B76MANUFACTURER: Standard Chlorine Chemical Co., Inc.

1035 3elleville Turnpike

■Aarr-v. XJ 07032Telephone: (201) 997-1700

SECTION II. INGREDIENTS AND HAZARDS HAZAPD DATATr ichlorobenzer.es:

1.2.4- Trichlorobenzene, >70% (CAS

1,2,3-Trichlorobenzene, >20% (CAS1.3.5- Trichlorobenzene

Other Chlorinated 3enzenes:Dichlorobenzenes, ca 1%

Tetrachlorobenzenes, ca 1%

Pentachlorobenzene, Trace

0 000 120 821)

» 000 087 616)

> 97

<4

8-hr TWA 5 ppm* * or 40 mg/tnJ

No TLV established** No TLV established

8-hr TWA 50 ppm (C)*< (a-isomer)

No TLV established No TLV established

*\CCIH (1979) TLV; no OSHA TLV. "'•'•'USSR (Russian) TLV 1.3 ppm (1971

°ih'nf ' TT V

SECTION

lr.AIII. PHYSICAL DATA

).

Boiling point, 1 atm, deg F ----

Vapor pressure at 104 F, mm Hg -Vapor density (Air=l) ----------Solubility in water, 25 C,% ----

Appearance 4 Odor: A clear, nearlyodor.

ca 415* Specific gravity (H2O-I). ----- 1.46*1 Volatiles, % (when heated)----- ca 1006+ Melting point, deg F --------- <50*0.003 Molecular weight, approx ----- 182

colorless liquid with a characteristic aromatic

*Exact properties depend on the mixture used.

SECTION IV. FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA LOWER UPPERFlash Point and Method

ca 230 F ,(CC)Autoignition Temp.

Unknown


Unknown

Extinguishing Media: CO2, dry chemical, foam or water spray.When this material is in a fire situation, it can thermally and oxidatively decompose

to yield phosgene, hydrogen chloride, carbon monoxide and ocher toxic gases and vapors. Firefighters should use self-contained breaching apparatus to fight this

kind of fire.This material is a slight fire hazard when heated.


This is a stable material under normal storage conditions. It does not polymerize.It will thermally decompose above 575 F. Contact with an open flame or an electric

arc can yield phosgene and hydrogen chloride.

Avoid contact with oxidizing ayents.

Amy GENIUM PUBUSHING

___________________ _________ ■ ______________________________________No. 365SECTION VI. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION|tlv 5 ppm (See Sect. II)

Excessive exposure to vapors is moderately irritating to the' eye5 Ind' ttuWu'S BfiMt«ine5.‘ Chronic intake above the TLV may cause liver damage.

The rat, oral LD50 is 757 mg/kg for 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, the major component, indicating a moderate level of acute oral toxicity for this material. (Ingestion of a few ounces could be fatal to a human.)

Contact of liquid with the eyes or skin can be irritating, and prolonged and repeated skin contact can result in dermatitis.

FIRST AID:Eve Contact: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of running water for 15 minutes. Getmedical help if irritation persists.

Skin Contact: Promptly remove contaminated clothing. Wash exposed areas of skin witlsoap and water. Get medical attention if irritation persists.

Ingestion: Give 3 glasses milk or water to drink. Induce vomiting and get medicalhelp immediately.

Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. Restore and/or support breathing if necessary. Get

medical aid for any severe exposure.


Provide adequate ventilation.Clean-up workers need protection from vapor inhalation

and skin contact. Collect small spills or residues with absorbent solid, or contain and pump to drums for reclaim or disposal or, when sufficiently cold, below 32#F, shovel up solidified material. Traces remaining after thorough clean up can be flushi d with large amounts of water.

DISPOSAL: Scrap material can be deposited in a sanitary landfill where it will beisolated from water supplies, or it can be burned in an approved incinerator, equippe< with a scrubber to remove the HC1 generated on burning. Disposal can also be handled through a licensed waste dispoal company. Follow Federal, State, and.local regula

tions.


Provide general and local exhaust ventilation which is adequate to meet TLV requirements. Provide respiratory protection against mist and vapor when appropriate,

especially for emergency and nonroutine situations.Use rubber, neoprene, vinyl, etc. gloves along with impervious clothing or apron and

rubber footwear as needed for preventing skin contact, especially repeated or pro

longed contact.Use chemical safety glasses or goggles where splashing is possible and, in addition, a

face shield where splashing is probable.A safety shower, washing facilities and an eyewash station should be available.

SECTION IX. SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS AND COMMENTS_________________ ___________ .

Store above 40 F in a cool, well-ventilated place, away from oxidizing agents. Protect containers against damage; provide drainage to holding area for a high density material. Fixed storage tanks should be diked. If material freezes in storage, place in a warm room co chav. (Avoid use of high temperatures for thawing.) Ground containers and equipment to prevent build up of static charges.

Follow good hygienic practice- Avoid breaching vapors especially from heated materia. !

Avoid skin contact! Do not ingest!

APPROVALS: CRg*

Industrial Hygien and Safety

. MEDICAL REVIEW:

3, Yy\. Iv**-*—DATA SOURCE(S) CODE: 1-4. 6-9, 23

«* «0 9 *0» OVCW * *'•0pu cr>— % •maermOfi Tremor*. a**ougr> >—car* dmr •» -7* ef*o»'a»cr oragen Coroor*«* *xw<oi no •*«*«** ***•« ■'c ano

'■ —,r*- nonnorawy m to m* aoc^acy or mwem*, of u** *o< aco»c»o- w 0*

GENIUM PUBLISHING



(518) 377-8855


OINIUM SUSUSMIMO COW.

NO - 51U

P-DICHLOROBENZENE

OATE October 1983

SECTION I. MATERIAL IDENTIFICATIONMATERIAL NAME: p-DICHLOROBENZENEOTHER DESIGNATIONS: 1,4-Dichlorobenzene, p-Dichlorobenzol, Paradichlorobenzene PDCB

CAS 0000 106 467 ’

MANUFACTURER: Available from several suppliers, including:Standard Chlorine Chemical Co. Dow Chemical Co.1035 Belleville Turnpike 2020 Dow CenterKe?rn Midland, MI 48640

Tel: (517)636-1000


p-Dlchlorobenzene >99

•Current 0SHA and ACGIH (1983) TLV,

J-hr TWA 25 ppm or 450 mg/ni *

{uman, Oral CDLo 300 mg/kg TFX:Systemic effect Lat, Oral LD50 500 mg/kg


Boiling point, 1 atm, deg C (F) — 174 (345)(Solid sublimes slowly at 25C)

Vapor pressure, 25C, sm Hg ------- 0.4Solubility in water, gm/lOOgm ---- 0.008

Specific gravity (liquid) 55/4C — 1.248Specific gravity (solid) 20/4C --- 1.458

Melting point, deg C-------------53Molecular weight —---------------147

Appearance & Odor: A clear liquid melt or white crystals or flakes; distinctive mothball*' like odor, detectable at 15-30 ppm with a strong odor at 30-60 ppm. (PDCB has good

lg prr>parries}.SECTION IV. FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA Lower Upper

Floth Point ond Method>150F (ICC)

AufoiQnitton>560C

Plommability limits in Air

X by volume 2.5

Extinguishing media: Dry chemical, carbon dioxide, alcohol foam, water spray.Explosive mixtures may be formed in air when this material la heated, such as in a fire.

Use water spray to keep fire exposed containers cool, to disperse vapors, or to blanket a pool fire.

Firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus.

SECTION V. REACTIVITY DATAPDCB is a stable material in closed containers at room temperature under normal storage and handling conditions. It does not undergo hazardous polymerisation.

It la incompatible with strong oxidizers such ss chlorine end permanganate. Thermal-oxidative degradation products include carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and

hydrogen chloride.

GENIUM PUBLISHING

NO.514

SECTION VI. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION TLV 75 ppm (See Sect II)excessive inhalation of vapors/fumes or dust is Irritating to upper respiratory tract. Vapors are readily absorbed through the lungs. Painful irritation to the nose and eyes tan .'tour at p0-60 ppm, severe discomfort at 160 ppm. Inhalation above the TLV causes r.cdc^cr^, rhinitis, nausea, dizziness and anorexia. Chronic excessive exposure may carnage the kidneys and liver.

Skin contact causes very little irritation. Solid material can cause slight burning sensation when held close to body. Contact with liquid PDCB is irritating. Prolonged or repeated skin contact with warm fumes or strong soln. may cause slight irritation. No evidence of hazardous absorption through skin.

FIRST AID:Sve Contact: Flush thoroughly with running water for 15 min. including under eyelids. Skin contact: Remove contaminated clothing. Wash affected area with soap and water. In.-.a 1 at ion: Remove to fresh air. Restore and/or support breathing as needed.Incest ion: Oive 2-3 glasses of water. Induce vomiting.

SeeK~~.gji.cal assistance for further treatment, observation and support after first aid..

SECTION VII SPILL LEAK AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURES:.ctify safety personnel. Remove sources of heat or ignition.Provide adequate ventilation. Clean up personnel to use protective equipment to avoid

liquid contact or vapor inhalation.Contain liquid spiils by diking; allow to cool and solidify. Scoop up £Olid and place in appropriate drums for disposal or reclamation. Absorbent solid can be used with small liquid spills.

iJIS?' '>AL: Waste can be burned in an approved, scrubber-equipped incinerator, deposited | in an approved landfill, or disposed of via a licensed waste disposal company.

Follow Federal, State, and Local regulations.rpAi-'i qA-, '■> ;072 fiO CFR 26l1. EPA(CWA) RQ is 100 lb. f4Q CFR 1171

SECTION VIII. SPECIAL PROTECTION INFORAAATION

Provide adequate general,and local exhaust ventilation to meet TLV requirements. Respirators with full facepeice should be available for nonroutine and emergency use above the ILV. Self-contained breathing apparatus or gas mask with organic vapor canister and dust filter is suitable to 1000 ppm.

Cse neoprene gloves and safety glasses. (Use of body covering clothing, faceshleld and . other.protection may be indicated by specific conditions to avoid contact.)

Eyevjsh stations and washing facilities should be accessible to areas of use and

Jiundling.

SECTION IX. SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS AND COMMENTS________ __________ ..

Store in closed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from oxidizing agents and from sources of heat and ignition. Protect containers from physical damage. Outside

or detached storage is preferred.Avoid inhalation of dust or vapors. Avoid contact with eyes and akin (especially when

. heated). Practice good personal hygiene. Launder contaminated clothing before reuse.Acute overexposure unlikely due to warning properties (odor and irritation). Individual

may develop tolerance to high, levels of exposure.

DOT Classification: ORM-A I.D. No. UN1592 LABEL: None

OATA SOURCE'S) CODE: 1-7,9,10,12,14.16.23.26.31.34.43 ■ 48

T*m+Ort inough r Carper assn t

M 10 KO/KY Or I

APPROVALS: MIS/CROINPUST. HYGIENE/SAFETY * 9.SS3

MEDICAL REVIEW 17 September 1983

GENIUM PUBLISHING

GENIUM PUBLISHING CORPORATION 1145 CATALYN STREET

SCHENECTADY, NY 12303-1836 USA

(518) 377-8855


GENIUM PUBLISHING COfiP.

NO, I 200

AROCLOR 1254

Date May 1980

SECTION I. MATERIAL IDENTIFICATIONMATERIAL NAME: AROCLOR 1254DESCRIPTION: Distillation cut of polychlorinated biphenyl (or diphenyl), containing 54%OTHER DESIGNATIONS: PCB, an Askarel, PYRANOL, GE Material A13B1, CAS # 027 323 188 MANUFACTURER: Material was a product of Monsanto Co., but dropped in 1977. Except for

uses specifically exempted and regulated by EPA (for example power transformers;, legal manufacture, distribution in commerce, and use of PCB's in USA ended in 1979 under TSCA.

Cl

SECTION II. INGREDIENTS AND HAZARDS HAZARD DATAMixture of Chlorinated Biphenyls, C^2^10-x^^x: ca 100

x Approx. X0.5

1214823

6

Includes 69 or more compounds with average of 4.98 Cl atom/molecule.

Mixture may contain 0-2 ppm chlorinated dlbenzofurans.

EPA exemption or authorization needed for any measurable exposure*_________

Rat. Oral LD50 Adult 4-10 g/kg Weaning 1.2 e/kg

*Current ACGIH 8-hr TWA is 0.5 mg/nA. NIOSH has proposed f 10-hr TWA of 1.0 yg/nA. Materials with over 50 ppm PCB content are regulated for handling, storage, records, and w^^e d^spo^aL, EPA criterion in navigable waters

Rat,

LD50Intravenous 358 mg/kg

SECTION iff. PHYSICAL DATA

Rat, Oral, TDLo 1220 mg/kg/35 wk (neoplastic effect)

Boiling range at 1 atm, deg C ---Vapor pressure at 150 C, mm HgWater solubility at 25 C, ppm ---Viscosity at 100 F, cstk --------

ca 360-390

- <1ca 0.01 ca 460

Specific gravity (65/15.5 C)--1.5

Pour point, deg C ------------- 10Molecular weight (Av) --------- 327Partition Coef. (octanol/water) >10^

Appearance & Odor: A light yellow, viscous fluid.

SECTION IV. FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATAFlash Point and Method

LOWER UPPER

None to boiling point

Autolgnltion Temp. Flammability Limits In Air

Extinguishing Media: Use media appropriate to the surrounding fire conditions. Thismaterial has very low combustibility, but it can undergo thermal-oxidative

degradation in a fire situation.Firefighters should use full protective clothing and self-contained breathing equipment when fighting fire where any PCB's are involved.


AROCLOR 1254 and other PCB's are nearly inert materials with very high chemical stability; the higher chlorine levels usually give the greater stability. At about 300 to 600 C some PCB's can oxidize to produce chlorinated dlbenzofurans which are much greater in toxicity than the PCB's. For complete Incineration of PCB's a 2-second dwell time above 2000 F (1090 C) with 3% excess oxygen in the stack is suitable (see Sect. VII).

AROCLOR 1254 shows very little degradation after 3 weeks exposure to direct sunlight.PCB's are strongly absorbed on particulates or sediments in aquatic systems (streams,

lakes, ocean, etc.).Mixed in activated sludge, biodegradation occurs slowly, but only very slowly or almost

not at all with compounds above CI4.

■ bpnMMud. GENIUM PUBLISHING

No. 1200

SECTION VI. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION TLV (See Sect. II)

PCBs show high levels of bioaccumulation in fatty tissue and very slow metabolism, especially for CI5 compounds and above. They have become widely dispersed in world-wide environment and in the food chain (much like DDT) since their introduction in 1929. Effective control of PCB discharge into the environment began after 1970.

AROCLOR 1254 has a low vapor pressure, but it can be irritating to the eyes, nose, and throat if misted or heated to produce vapors. Excessive acute and chronic exposures may cause liver damage. Chronic exposure to or ingestion of PCB's (especially when thermally oxidized) can result in chloracne after 1-6 months. There is some evidence of possible carcinogenic risk and adverse reproductive effects with this material. PCB may appear in the breast milk of an exposed mother..

FIRST AID.Skin Contact: Clean exposed skin with waterless cleaner, wipe with a disposable towel

then wash with soap and water. Promply remove contaminated clothing. (Control separate disposal of PCB-contamlnatea materials.)

Eye Contact: Flush promptly & thoroughly with lots of running water for 15 minutes.Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. Get medical help if symptoms continue.Ingestion: Get medical help. NIOSH has recommended that vomiting be induced.

Cet medical help in all cases of severe exposure, repeated exposures, or persistent symptoms. ___________ _____________

SECTION VII. SPILL, LEAK, AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURESNotify safety personnel of all frCB spills or leaks. Promptly contain spilled material; Prevent its release into the environment! Restrict PCB spill airea to trained clean-up personnel; use proper protective gear; follow an established emergency plan.

Stop leakage if possible. Pick up spill. Absorb small spills and residues using a powdered, dry clay. Place leaking containers, picked-up PCBs, and PCB-contaminated materials and refuse into approved, properly labeled, closed containers for storage under controlled, EPA regulated conditions prior to disposal. EPA allows approved storage to 1/1/84.(See Sect.IX.) Storage: 40CFR761.42; Annual report: 40CFR761.45

DISPOSAL: Destroy PCB-containing material by burning in an EPA approved facility. Liqul 150-500 ppm PCB material can be burned as above or landfilled if not ignitable. Nonflowing, PCB-contaminated debris can be disposed of in an EPA approved landfill.(See 40CFR 761; Federal Register, Vol. 44. 31551-4, 66989; Vol.45, 20473.)


Provide highly effective local exhaust ventilation (trap for exhaust vapors) especially if this material is heated or misted. Unless authorized by EPA an Isolated system must be used for PCBs.

For nonroutine and emergency conditions of exposure use an approved canister respirator or self-contained breathing equipment.

Prevent skin contact for those who work with PCBs. Use neoprene or polyethylene gloves and apron, safety glasses and/or face shield, and other protective clothing as determined by use conditions. An eyewash station and washing facilities should be available to the work area.

Provide for special handling and disposal of PCB-contaminated materials, including paper towels and clothing (see Sect. VII). Provide, locker and shower facilities. Workersmust be trained for PCB work, and they must follow good hygienic practice.

Provide pre-placement medical exams for workers with emphasis on liver function, skin condition, and reproductive history. Provide annual medical exams for exposed workers


PCB materials in containers and in equipment must have proper labeling including the date of storage. Short term (up to 30 days) storage of non-leaking PCBs can Be done. Long term storage requires an EPA approved facility, including such criteria as roof and walls to shield from rain, impervious base and diking which will contain 252 of stored volume or twice the volume of the largest container, no drains or openings to allow flow loss, and the base must be located above the 100-year flood water elevatior

Pr&iKkfiPiSStLfm f8B“"o?15!tS «oI?§'’|rod5|°Ialonfll}SlteJy»lth PCBs. Prevent inhalation of airborne PCBs. Properly contain PCBs until legally disposed of; do not allow them to escape into the environment!. ,

PCB6, and especially used PCBs, can contain higher toxicity contaminants

DATA SOURCE(S) CODE 1-6,20,26,31,36

AOgnvnts » to toa tuubtty of rtormatcn harat* tor pk/chaw t purpoaa1 art nacasaar^y rmporiMjMy Tharatort. •fcnougn mionawt cart baan tanan (ha praoaratcn of

i«tch rtnrmaui, Gan*** Pubhsrwig Corporator*aittndi 00 wmrraroat. mahat no apiiamcnt ano

> raaponacatty at to (ha acci*acy or imabtty of rtormaton tor apptcawm 10 plt r • aaandad purpoaas or tor oohaaoutncti of as urn.

APPROVALS:

Industrial Hygiene

and Safety

CRD ^

MEDICAL REVIEW:

r- 2?- &1980

GENIUM PUBLISHING

Occupational Health Guideline for Chlordane*

INTRODUCTION

This guideline is intended as a source of information for

employees, employers, physicians, industrial hygienists, and other occupational health professionals who may have a need for such information. It does not attempt to present all data; rather, it presents pertinent information

and data in summary form.

SUBSTANCE IDENTIFICATION

• Formula: CuH«CI* (approx.)• Synonyms: l,2,4,3,6l7,8,8-Octach]oro>3a,4,7,7a*tetra*hydro-4,7-methanoindane; 1,2,4,5,6,7,8,8-octachloro-

2,3, 3a,4,7,7a-hexahydro-4,7-methanoindene• Appearance and odor: Thick amber liquid with a

characteristic chlorine-like odor.

PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMIT (PEL)

I The current OSHA standard for chlordane is O.S milli

gram of chlordane per cubic meter of air (mg/m*)

averaged over an eight-hour work shift.

HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION

• Route* of exposureChlordane can afreet the body if it is inhaled, if it comes in contact with the eyes or skin, or if it is swallowed. It

may enter the body through the skin.• Effects of overexposureExposure to chlordane may cause shaking, blurred

vision, irritability, confusion, delirium, staggering, convulsions, and death. Swallowing chlordane may also

cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Chlordane exposure may cause kidney and liver damage. Absorption of chlordane through the skin is rapid aiid has resulted in

death.* Reporting signs and symptoms A physician should be contacted if anyone develops any

signs or symptoms and suspects that they are caused by

exposure to chlordane. * 1

• Recommended medical turveQlane*The following medical procedures should be made

available to each employee who is exposed to chlordane

at potentially hazardous levels:

1. Initial Medical Examination:—A complete history and physical examination: The

purpose is to detect pre-existing conditions that might place the exposed employee at increased risk, and to establish s baseline for future health monitoring. Per

sons with a history of convulsive disorders would be expected to be at increased risk from exposure. Examination of the nervous system, eyes, lungs, liver, and kidneys should be stressed. The skin should be examined for evidence of chronic disorders.

—Urinalysis: Since kidney damage has been observed in humans exposed to chlordane, a urinalysis should be obtained to include at a minimum specific gravity, albumin, glucose, and a microscopic on centrifuged

sediment.2. Periodic Medical Examination.: The aforementioned medical examinations should be repeated on an annual

basis.• Summary of toxicologyChlordane predominantly affects the central nervous system, causing irritability, tremors, and convulsions. Chronic effects are reported in animals. Repeated oral administration to rabbits indicated a cumulative action

at daily doses above 3 mg/kg; autopsy revealed focal necrosis of the liver, degenerative changes in the proxi

mal convoluted tubules, pulmonary exudates and gastrointestinal irritation. In humans, inhalation and skin absorption have resulted in blurred vision, cough, confusion, ataxia, and delirium; ingestion has caused abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea; severe intoxication hss caused irritability, tremor, convulsions,

and death. A suicidal person who ingested 6 g (104 mg/ kg) of chlordane in talc suffered bums of the mouth, severe gastritis, diffuse pneumonia, anuria, mania, and

convulsions; death occurred after 9.3 days; autopsy findings were severe necrotizing bronchopneumonia

Thee* recommendations reflect good industrial hygiene and medical surveillance practices and their implementation will

assist in achieving an effective occupational health program. However, they may not be sufficient to achieve compliance

with ad requirement* of OSHA regulations.

U.». DEPARTMENT OP HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR

Put*c Health Service Center* tor Oteete Control Occupetionsi Safety and Health Administration

National Institute tor Occupational Safety and Health

September 1i7* 1

and degeneration .of renal tubule epithelium. Skin absorption of chlordane is rapid; a worker who spilled a 25% suspension of chlordane on clothing, which was not removed, began having convulsions 40 minutes later and died shortly thereafter. Technical-grade chlordane

stated to be irritating to the skin and mucous mem- -^^ranes, but this may be due to the presence of unreacted

chemical intermediates.

CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

• Physical data

1. Molecular weight: 409.8 (approx).

2. Boiling point (760 mm Hg): (Decomposes); 175 C

(347 F) (at 2 mm Hg)3. Specific gravity (water « 1): 1.57— 1.67

4. Vapor density (air «* 1 at boiling point of chlor

dane): 145. Melting point: Data not available6. Vapor pressure at 20 C (68 F): 0.00001 ram Hg

7. Solubility in water, g/100 g water at 20 C (68 F): Insoluble

8. Evaporation rate (butyl acetate ■= 1): Not applica

ble

• Reactivity1. Conditions contributing to instability: Tempera

tures above 200 C (392 F) cause decomposition with formation of chlorine and hydrogen chloride gases.

2. Incompatibilities: Contact with strong oxidizers

may cause fires and explosions.i ^^3. Hazardous decomposition products: Toxic gases

' vapors (such as hydrogen chloride, chlorine, phos

gene, and carbon monoxide) may be released when chlordane decomposes.

4. Special precautions: Chlordane will attack some

forms of plastics, rubber, and coatings.

• Flammability1. Not combustible

• Warning propertiesSince chlordane has such a low vapor pressure, warning

properties are not considered. Grant describes certain effects produced by chlordane on the eyes, but these

efTects were caused by systemic poisoning. They were

not local effects. Chlordane is not known to be an eye

irritant.

MONITORING AND MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES

milm

• GeneralMeasurements to determine employee exposure are best taken so that the average eight-hour exposure is based on a single eight-hour sample or on two four-hour

samples. Several short-time interval samples (up to 30

inutes) may also be used to determine the average posure level. Air samples should be taken in the ployee’s breathing zone (air that would most nearly

represent that inhaled by the employee).

• Method

An analytical method for chlordane is In the NJOSH Manuel of Analytical Methods. 2nd Ed., Vol. 6, 1980,

available from the Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 (GPO No. 017-033-00369-6).

RESPIRATORS

a Good industrial hygiene practices recommend that engineering controls be used to reduce environmental concentrations to the permissible exposure level How

ever, there are some exceptions where respirators may be used to control exposure. Respirators may be used

when engineering and work practice controls are not technically feasible, when such controls are in the process of being installed, or when they fail and need to

be supplemented. Respirators may also be used for operations which require entry into tanks or closed vessels, and in emergency situations. If the use of respirators is necessary, the only respirators permitted are those that have been approved by the Mine Safety and Health Administration (formerly Mining Enforcement and Safety Administration) or by the National

Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.

* In addition to respirator selection, s complete respiratory protection program should be instituted which

includes regular training, maintenance, inspection, cleaning, and evaluation.

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

• Employees should be provided with and required to use impervious clothing, gloves, face shields (eight-inch minimum), and other appropriate protective clothing necessary to prevent any possibility of skin contact with

chlordane.* If employees* clothing has had any possibility of being contaminated with chlordane, employees should change into uncontaminated clothing before leaving the

work premises• Clothing which has had any possibility of being

contaminated with chlordane should be placed in closed containers for storage until it can be discarded or until

provision is made for the remove! of chlordane from the

clothing. If the clothing is to be leundered or otherwise cleaned to remove the chlordane, the person performing the operation should be informed of chlordane’*

hazardous properties.* Where there is any possibility of exposure of an employee’s body to chlordane, facilities for quick drenching of the body should be provided within the

immediate work area for emergency use.* Non-impervious clothing which becomes contami

nated with chlordane should be removed immediately and not reworo until the chlordane is removed from the

clothing.• Employees should be provided with and required to use dust- and splash-proof safety goggles where chlor-

.2 Chlordane Saptwntoar 1*7*

dene may contact the eyes.

SANITATION

• Skin that becomes contaminated with chlordane should be immediately washed or showered with soap or mild detergent and water to remove any chlordane.

• Workers subject to skin contact with chlordane should wash with soap or mild detergent and water any areas of the body which may have contacted chlordane

at the end of each work day.

• Eating and smoking should not be permitted in areas where chlordane is handled, processed, or stored.

• Employees who handle chlordane should wash their hands thoroughly with soap or mild detergent and water before eating, smoking, or using toilet facilities.

COMMON OPERATIONS AND CONTROLS

The following list includes some common operations in which exposure to chlordane may occur and control methods which may be effective in each case:

Operation Control*

Application an an Personal protective

insecticide on pre- equipment

planting soil, fire ants,

and harvester ants(banned by EPA In

1076)

EMERGENCY FIRST AID PROCEDURES

In the event of an emergency, institute first aid procedures snd send for first sid or medical assistance.

• Eys ExposureIf chlordane gets into the eyes, wish eyes immediately

with large amounts of wster, lifting the lower and upper lids occasionally. Get medical attention immediately. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with

this chemical.• Skis Exposure

If chlordane gets on the skin, promptly wash the

contaminated skin using soap or mild detergent and

water. If chlordane soaks through the clothing, remove

the clothing immediately and wash the akin using aoap or mild detergent and water. Get medical attention

immediately.

• BreathingIf a person breathes in large amounts of chlordane, move the exposed person to fresh air at once. If

breathing has stopped, perform artificial respiration. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical

attention as soon as possible.

• SwallowingWhen chlordane has been swallowed and the person is conscious, give the person large quantities of water

immediately. After the water has been swallowed, try to get the person to vomit by having him touch the back

September 197S

of his throat with his finger. Do not make an unconscious person vomit. Get medical attention immediately. .■ RescueMove the affected person from the hazardous exposure. If the exposed person hu been overcome, notify someone else and put into effect the established emergency rescue procedures. Do not become a casualty. Under- stand the facility’s emergency rescue procedures and know the locations of rescue equipment before the need

arises.

SPILL, LEAK, AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURES

• Persons not wearing protective equipment and cloth

ing should be restricted from areas of spills or leaks until cleanup bu been completed.• If chlordane is spilled or leaked, the following steps should be taken:1. Ventilate area of spill or leak.2. Collect for reclamation or absorb in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, or a similar material.• Waste disposal method:Chlordane may be disposed of by absorbing it in venniculite, dry sand, earth or a similar material and disposing in sealed containers in a secured sanitary

landfill.

REFERENCES

• American Conference of Governmental Industrial

Hygienists: “Chlordane," Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values for Substances in Workroom Air (3rd

ed., 2nd printing). Cincinnati, 1974.• Christensen, H. E. and Luginbyhl, T. L. (eds.): NIOSH Toxic Substances List, 1974 Edition, HEW

Publication No. 74-134.1974.• Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry, American Medical Association: “The Present Status of Chlor

dane,” Journal of the American Medical Association.

158:1364-1367,1955.• Derbesi V. J.. et al.: “Fatal Chlordane Poisoning,"

Journal of the American Medical Association. 158:1367*

1369,1955.• Fairhall, L. T.: Industrial Toxicology (2nd ed.), Wil

liams and Wilkins, Baltimore, 1957.• Gleason, M. N., Gosselin, R. E.. Hodge, H. G. and Smith, R. P.: Clinical Toxicology of Commercial Products

(3rd ed.), Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, 1969.• Grant, W. M.: Toxicology of the Eye (2nd ed.), C. C

Thomas, Springfield, Illinois, 1974.

• Hayes, W. 3., Jr.: Clinical Handbook on Economic Poisons. Emergency Information for Treating Poisoning, U.S. Public Health Service Publication No. 476. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1963.

• Hygienic Information Guide N<x 70 - Chlordane, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of Environmental Resources, Bureau of Occupational Health,

Chlordane 3

1969.• International Labour Office: Encyclopedia of Occupational Health and Safety, McGraw-Hill, Hew York,

^^^^Palty, P. A. (ed.): Toxicology, Vol. II of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology (2nd ed. rev.), Znteneience,

New York, 1963.• Plant, A. (ed.): Chemical and Engineering News, 22

December 1973.

• Sax, N. I.: Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials (3rd ed.). Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York. 1968.

• Spec tor, W. S. (Vol*. I, II), Negherboa. W. O. (Vol.

HI). Grebe, R. M. (Vol IV), and Dittmer, D. S. (Vol.

V) (ed*.): Handbook of Toxicology, Saunders, Philadel

phia, 1936-1939.

• S tec her, P. G. (ed.): The Merck Index (8th ed.),

Merck Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey, 1968.

• Stohlman, E. F., et al.: 'Toxic Action of Cblordane,”

A.M.A. Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational

Medicine, 1:13.19,1930.

• Thienet, C H., and Haley, T. J„* Clinical Toxicology

(3th ed.). Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, 1972.

* SPECIAL NOTE

The International Agency for Research on Cancer

(IARC) ha* evaluated the data on this chemical and has concluded that it causes cancer. See IARC Monographs on the Evaluation qf Carcinogenic Rtsk of Chemicals to

Man, Volume 2ft 1979.

4 Chtordane S*plM)b«r 1ST*

Occupational Health Guideline for Heptachlor *

INTRODUCTION

This guideline is intended as a source of information for

employees, employers, physicians, industrial hygienists, and other occupational health professionals who may have a need for such information. It does not attempt to present all data; rather, it presents pertinent information



• Formula: Ci.H.Cl, (principal ingredient)• Synonyms: l,4,3,6,7,8,8a-Heptachloro-3a.4,7,7a-tetra-hydro-4, 7-methanoindene (principal ingredient)• Appearance and odor: Light tan, waxy solid with an

odor like camphor.

PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMIT (PEL) •

The current OSHA standard for heptachlor is 0.3

milligram of heptachlor per cubic meter of air (mg/m') averaged over an eight-hour work shift.


• Routes of exposureHeptachlor can affect the body if it is inhaled, if it comes in contact with the eyes or akin, or if it ii

swallowed. It may enter the body through the skin.

• Effects of overexposureIn animals, exposure to heptachlor has produced tremors, convulsions, and liver damage. Heptachlor ia very similar to chlordane. Exposure to chlordane has caused

convulsions and kidney damage In homana.• Reporting signs and symptomsA physician should be contacted if anyone develops any signs or symptoms and suspects that they are caused by

exposure to heptachlor.

• Recommended medical snrreMlaneeThe following medical procedures should be made available to each employee who b exposed to hepta

chlor at potentially hazardous levels:

/. Initial Medical Examination:—A complete history and physical examination: The

purpose is to detect pre-existing conditions that might place the exposed employee at increased risk, and to

establish a baseline for ftiture health monitoring. Persons with a history of convulsive disorders would be expected to be at increased risk from exposure. Examination of the eyes, nervous system, liver, and kidneys should be stressed.i Periodic Medical Examination.: The aforementioned medical examination should be repeated on an annual

basis.• Summary of toxicologyHeptachlor dust is a eonvulsant in animals. In rats the oral LD50 was 90 mg/kg; within 30 to 60 minutes after administration there were tremors and convulsions; liver damage occurred. Multiple applications of a solution to the aCn of rata of 20 mgAg were toxic,

indicating a marked cumulative action. The carcinogenicity of heptachlor was tested in rats by oral administration; one of five experiments suggested hepatocarcinogenicity, but this was not reproduced in

the other experiments within the ume dose range. Rats given heptachlor in the diet at 6 mg/kg body weight developed cataracts after 4.3 to 9.3 months of feeding. In animals, heptachlor is more potent than chlordane, to which it ia closely related chemically; ingestion of

chlordane has eausedfonvulsions and kidney damage in

humans.


• Physical data1. Molecular weight: 373.3 (principal ingredient)2. Boiling point (760 mm Hg): Decomposes3. Specific gravity (water — 1): 1.634. Vapor density (air ■■ 1 at boiling point of hepta

chlor): Not applicable3. Melting point: 46- 74 C (114- 163 F)6. Vapor pressure at 20 C (68 F): 0.0003 mm Hg7. Solubility in water, g/100 g water at 20 C (68 F):

Thesa recommendations reflect good industrial hygiene end medical aurveWence practices and thair Implementation will

assist in achieving an effective occupational health program. However, they may not be sufficient to achieve compliance

with ell requirements of OSHA regulations.

U.9. DIP4RTMINT OF HEALTH ANO HUMAN SERVICES U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABORPublic Health Service Centers for Oisaase Control Oceupetionel Safety and Hetnn Administration

National institute for Occupational Safety and Health

September 1*7S1

Insoluble -8- Evaporation rate (butyl acetate = 1): Not applica

ble• Reactivity

. 1. Condition* contributing to instability: Solid: None.( ^0-iquid (above 74 C (165 F): Can react with iron and nut

to form toxic hydrogen chloride gas.2. Incompatibilities: Contact of melted heptachlor

with iron and rust may form hydrogen chloride gas.3. Hazardous decomposition products: Toxic gases

and vapors (such as hydrogen chloride and carbon nonoxide) may be released when heptachlor decom

poses.4. Special precautions: None.

• FlammabilityI. Not combustible, but may be dissolved in flamma

ble liquid• Warning properties

1. Odor Threshold: No quantitative information is available concerning the odor threshold of heptachlor.

2. Eye Irritation Level: Heptachlor is not known to

be an eye irritant.3. Evaluation of Warning Properties: Since there is

-no quantitative information available relating warning properties to air concentrations of heptachlor, it has been treated as a material with poor warning properties. Its concentration in saturated air at 20 C could result in• significant exposure relative to the permissible expo

sure.

/ MONITORING AND MEASUREMENTProcedures

• GeneralMeasurements to determine employee exposure are best taken so that the average eight-hour exposure is bpwd on a single eight-hour sample or on two four-hour samples. Several short-time intesval samples (up to 30 minutes) may also be used to determine the average

exposure level. Air samples should be taken in the employee's breathing zone (air that would moat nearly

represent that inhaled by the employee).• MethodAn analytical method for heptachlor is m the NIQSH

Manual of Analytical Methods. 2nd Ed., Vol. 5, 1979, available from the Government Printing Office, Wash

ington. D C 20402 (OPO No. 0174)33-00349-1).

RESPIRATORS

• Good industrial hygiene practices recommend that engineering controls be used to reduce environmental

concentrations to the permissible exposure level. How

ever, there ire some exceptions where respirators may be used to control exposure. Respirators may be used

.^tfhen engineering and work practice controls are not ^^;hnically feasible, when such controls are m the

process of being installed, or when they fail and need to

be supplemented. Respirators may also be used for

operations which require entry into tanks or closed

vessels, and in emergency situations. If the use of

respirators is necessary, the only respirators perming

tfe those that have been approved by the Mine Safety

•nd Health Administration (formerly Mining Enforce

ment and Safety Administration) or by the National

Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.

• In addition to respirator selection, a complete respira

tory protection program should be instituted which includes regular training, maintenance, inspection, cleaning, and evaluation.


• Employees should be provided with and required to use impervious clothing, gloves, face shields (eight-inch

. minimum), and other appropriate protective clothing

necessary to prevent skin contact with heptachlor or liquids containing heptachlor where skin contact may

occur.• If employees’ clothing has had any possibility of being contaminated with heptachlor or liquids contain

ing heptachlor, employees should change into uncoota- minated clothing before leaving the work premises.• Clothing which has had any possibility of being

contaminated with heptachlor should be placed in closed oontainers for storage until it can be discarded or

until provision is made for the removal of heptachlor from the clothing. If the clothing is to be laundered or

otherwise cleaned to remove the heptachlor, the person performing the operation should be informed of hepta-

chloris hazardous properties.• Where exposure of an employee’s body to heptachlor or liquids containing heptachlor may occur, facilities for quick drenching of the body should be provided

within the immediate work area for emergency use.• Non-impervious clothing which becomes contaminated with heptachlor should be removed immediately and not rewom until the heptachlor is removed from the clothing.• Employees should be provided with and required to

use dust- and splash-proof safety goggles where heptachlor or liquids containing heptachlor may contact the

eyes.

SANITATION

• Skin that becomes contaminated, with heptachlor should be immediately washed or showered with soap or mild detergent and water to remove any heptachlor.• Workers subject to skin contact with heptachlor or liquids containing heptachlor should wash with soap or

mild detergent and water any areas of the body which may hive contacted heptachlor at the end of each work

day.• Eating and smoking should not be permitted in areas where heptachlor or liquids containing heptachlor are handled, processed, or stored.• Employees who handle heptachlor or liquids contain-

2 Heptachlor September 1S7B

ing hcpuchJor should wuh their bands thoroughly

with soap or mild detergent and water before eating,

smoking, or using toilet facilities.


The following list includes some common operations in which exposure to beptachlor may occur and control methods which may be effective in each case:

OperationFormulation of

pesticides supplied as

an emuisifiaWe

concentrate, wettabie

powder, dust or

granular material

Use as an insecticide in

eeed treatment,

preplanting soil

application, dipping tops

of plants and roots for

control of insects, flies

end mosquitoes; use on

household plots and on

agricultural crops and

fruits; use In termite

control (dispensed in

caulking guns)

Manufacture of

heptacWor

Control#Local exhaust

ventilation; personal

protective equipment;

general dilution

ventilation

Personal protective

equipment

Process enclosure;

local exhaust

ventilation; personal

protective equipment

attention m soon u possible.

• SwallowingWhen beptachlor or liquids containing heptachlor have

been swallowed and the person is conscious, give the person large quantities of water immediately. After the

water has been swallowed, try to get the person to vomit by having him touch the back of his throat with his Anger. Do not make sn unconscious person vomit. Oet medical attention immediately.

• RascaeMove the affected person from the hazardous exposure. If the exposed person has been overcome, notify someone else and put into effect the established emergency rescue procedures. Do not become a casualty. Understand the facility's emergency rescue procedures and

know the locations of rescue equipment before the need

arises.

SPILL AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURES

• Persons not wearing protective equipment and clothing should be restricted from areas of spills until cleanup

has been completed.• If heptachlor is spilled, the following steps should be

taken:1. Ventilate area of spill.2. Collect spilled material in the most convenient and safe mann<»f and deposit in sealed containers for reclamation, or for disposal in a secured sanitary landfill.

Liquid containing heptachlor should be absorbed b vermiculite, dry sand, earth, or a similar material.

• Waste disposal method:Heptachlor may be disposed of in sealed contabers b a

secured sanitary landfill.

EMERGENCY FIRST AID PROCEDURES

In the event of an emergency, institute first aid procedures and send for Ant aid or medical assistance.

• Eye ExposureIf heptachlor or liquids containing heptachlor get bto the eyes, wash eyes immediately with large amounts of water, lifting the lower and upper Hds occasionally. If

irritation is present after washing, get medical attention.

Contact lenses should not be wore when working with

this chemical.

• Skb ExposureIf heptachlor or liquids containing heptachlor get on the skin, immediately wash the contaminated sldn using soap or mild detergent and water. If heptachlor or liquids containing heptachlor soak through the cloth*

bg, remove the clothing immediately and wash the skin using soap or mild detergent and water. If irritation

persists after washing, get medical attention.

• BreathingIf a person breathes b large amounts of heptachlor, move the exposed person to fresh air at mice. If

breathing has stopped, perform artificial respiration. Keep the affected person warm and at rest Oet medical

REFERENCES

• American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists: "Heptachlor," Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values far Substances In Workroom Air (3rd

ed., 2nd printing), Cincinnati, 1974.• Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry, American Medical Association: "The Present Status of Chlor-

dane," Journal of the American Medical Association,

151:1364-1367. 1935.• Derbee, V. J„ et al.: "Fatal Chlordane Poisoning," Journal of the American Medical Association. 138:1367-

1369,1933.

• Gleason, M. N., Gosselin, R. E., Hodge, H. G, and

Smith, R- P.: Clinical Toxicology of Commercial Products

(3rd ed ), Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, 1969.

• Orant, W. M.: Toxicology of the Eye (2nd ed.), G C.

Thomas, Springfield, Illinois, 1974.

• International Agency for Research on Cancer: Some Organochlorine Pesticides, Vol. 3 of IARC Evaluation of

the Carcinogenic Risk cf Chemicals to Mon, Lyon,

Prance, 1974.• Mestitzov*. M.: "On Reproduction Studies and the

esplsmbsr 1S7SHeptachlor $

Recurrence of Cataracts in Rau after Long-Term Feed- nf of the Insecticide Heptachlor,” Experientia, 23:42*

43,1967.

- Petty, P. A. (ed.): Toxicology, Vol. II of Industrial

^kne and Toxicology (2nd ed. rev.), Interscience,

WYork. 1963.

• Sex, N. I.: Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials

Ird ed ). Van No*trend Reinhold, New York, 196S.

• Spector, W. S. (Vol*. I. II), Negberbon. W. O. (Vol.

Ill), Grebe, R. M. (Vol. IV), end Dittmer, D. S. (Vol.

~) (ed*.): Handbook of Toxicology, Saundera, Philadel

phia, 1936-1939.

- Stecber. P. O. (ed.): The Merck Index (Sth ed.),

Jerck Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jeney, 1966.

« von Oettingen, W. P.: The Hologenated Aliphatic,

Cyclic, Aromatic, and AUphatic-Aromatic Hy-

, ocarbons Including the Hologenated Insecticidex Their

t oxicity and Potential Dangers, U.S. Public Health Serv

ice Publication No. 414, U.S. Government Printing

« Tice. Washington. D.C.. 1933.

* SPECIAL NOTE

The International Agency for Research on Canoer (IARQ ha* evaluated the data on this chemical and ha*

concluded that it cauaea cancer. See I ARC Monographs pn the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man, Volume 3, 1974.

f

I Jeptechlor September liTS

Occupational Health Guideline for

Parathion

INTRODUCTION

Thi* guideline it intended u a aouroe or information for employed, employer!, physicians, industrial hygieniati, and other occupational health professionals who may have a need for such information. It does not attempt to present all data; rather, it presents pertinent information



« Formula: (OH.O), PSOC*H«NO,• Synonyms: O.O-Diethyl-O.p-nitrophenyl phosphor*

oibioate; ethyl parathion• Appearance and odor: Yellow to dark brown liquid with a characteristic odor, like garlic.

PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMIT (PEL)

The current OSHA standard for parathion is 0.1 milligram of parathion per cubic meter of air (mg/m*)

averaged over an eight-hour work shift NIOSH has recommended that the permissible exposure limit be reduced to 0.05 mg/m'. The NIOSH Criteria Document for Parathion should be consulted for more detailed information.


• Route* of exposureParathion can affect the body if it is inhaled, comes in contact with the eyes or skin, or if swallowed. It may

enter the body through the skin.• Effects of ourtxpoeure1. Short-urm Exposure After inhalation of parathion, breathing and eye effects are the first to appear. These

include tightness of the chest, wheezing, a bluish discoloration of the skin, small pupils, aching in and behind

the eyes, blurring of vision, tearing, runny nose, head

ache, and watering of the mouth. After a wallowing parathion. loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, abdominal

cramps and diarrhea may appear within two hours.

After akin absorption, sweating and twitching in ths

area of absorption may occur, usually within IS minutes to four hours. With severe intoxication by all route*, in

addition to the above symptoms, weakness, generalized twitching, and paralysis may occur and breathing may stop. In addition, dizziness, confusion, staggering slurred speech, generalized swearing, Irregular or slow heartbeat, convulsions and coma may occur.

X Long-Urn Exposure Repeated exposure to parathion may make a person more susceptible to the effects of

this and related chemicals. Repeated exposure to concentrations which are too small to produce symptoms

after a single exposure may result in the onset of

symptoms.J. Reporting Signs and Symptom*: A physician should be contacted if anyone develops any signs or symptoms and suspects that they are caused by exposure to parsthion.

• Recommended medical surveillance The following medical procedures should be made

available to each employee who is exposed to parsthion

at potentially hazardous levels:

1. Initial MedkctExamination:

—A complete history and physical examination: The purpose is to detect pre-existing conditions that might

place the exposed employee at increased risk, and to establish a baseline for future health monitoring. Per

sons with a history of reduced pulmonary function, convulsive disorders, or recent exposure to anticholin

esterase agents would be expected to be at increased risk from exposure. Examination of the respiratory

system, nervous system, cardiovascular system, eyes, and attention to the cholinesterase levels in the blood

should be stressed. The skin should be examined, for

evidence of chronic disorders.

—Cholinesterase determination: Parathion causes de

pressed levels of activity of cholinesterase in the serum

and erythrocytes. The cholinesterase activity in the serum and erythrocytes should be determined by using

These recommendations reflect good industrial hygiene and medical survefllanee practices and their implementation win assist in achieving an effective occupational health program. However, they may not be eufficient to achieve compliance

with all requirements of OSHA regulations.

U.9. DtPARTHENT Of HEALTH AMO HUMAN SERVICES UA DEPARTMENT OF LABOR

Public Health Service Centers for Oeeaae Control Occupational Safety and Health Administration

National instituts tor Occupational Safety and Health

September 107* 1

medically acceptable biochemical teats prior to any new period of exposure.2. Periodic Medical Examination: The aforementioned medical examinations should be repeated on an annual

/ Jfeis, with the exception of the cholinesterase determi- V ^Wtion. This test should be performed at four-week

intervals, except for those employees in areas which may involve intense exposure, for whom the test should be repeated weekly. If any employee works with parathion more than 12 hours per day, he should be tested every 3 weeks. Employees should also be tested at any lime overexposure is suspected or signs or symptoms of

toxicity appear. Any employee having a 30 to 40% decrease in cholinesterase should be removed from exposure and placed under medical observation.* Summary of toxicologyParathion is an anticholinesterase agent; absorption may occur from inhalation of the vapor or mist, from skin absorption of the liquid, or from ingestion. Signs and symptoms of overexposure are caused by the inactivation of the enzyme cholinesterase, which results in the accumulation of acetylcholine at synapses in the nervous system and skeletal and smooth muscle secretory glands. The sequence of the development of systemic effects varies with the route of entry. The onset of signs

and symptoms may occur promptly or may be delayed for up to 12 hours. After inhalation respiratory and ocular effects are the first to appear,, often within a few minutes after exposure. Respiratory effects include

^^^tness in the chest and wheezing due to bronchocon- | ^Bbtion and excessive bronchia] secretion; laryngeal

''-spasms and excessive salivation may add to the respira

tory distress; cyanosis may also occur. Ocular effects include miosis, sching in snd behind the eyes (attributed to ciliary spasm), blurring of distant vision, tearing, rhinorrhea, and frontal headache. After ingestion, gastrointestinal effects, such as anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, and diarrhea appear within 13 minutes to 2 hours. After skin absorption, localized sweating and muscular faaciculations in the immediate area

occur usually within 13 minutes to 4 hours; skin absorption is somewhat greater at higher ambient temperatures. and is increased by the presence of dermatitis. With severe intoxication by all routes, an excess of acetylcholine at the neuromuacular junctions of skeletal muscle causes weakness aggravated by exertion. Involuntary twitchings, faaciculations, and eventually paralysis; the most serious consequence is paralysis of the

respiratory muscles. Effects on the central nervous system include giddiness, confusion, ataxia, slurred speech, Cheyne-Stokes respiration, convulsions, corns,

and loss of reflexes. The blood pressure may fall to low levels, and cardiac irregularities including complete heart block may occur; these effects may sometimes be

reversed by establishing adequate pulmonary ventila- Complete symptomatic recovery usually occurs

V^Wthin 1 week; incressed susceptibility to the effects of

anticholinesterase agents persists for weeks after exposure. Daily exposure to concentrations which are insuf

ficient to produce symptoms following a tingle exposure may result in the onset of symptoms. Continued daily exposure may be followed by increasingly severe effects. A few drops of technical parathion in the eyea of animals have produced lacrimation and moderate

conjunctivitis. The minimum lethal oral dote of parathion for humans has been estimated to range from leu than 10 mg up to 120 mg. In a study of 113 workers

exposed to psrsthion under varying conditions, the majority excreted significant amounts of p-nitrophenol (a metabolite of parathion) in the urine, while only those

with heavier exposures had a measurable decrease in blood cholinesterase.


• Physical data1. Molecular weight: 291.32. Boiling point (760 mm Hg): 373 C (707 F) (calcu

lated)3. Specific gravity (water = 1): 1.274. Vapor density (air ■ 1 at boiling point of parath

ion): Not applicable3. Melting point: 6 C (43 F) (pure grade); 0 C (32 F)

(technical grade)6. Vapor pressure at 20 C (68 F): 0.0004 mm Hg7. Solubility in water, g/100 g water at 20 C (68 F):

.000028. Evaporation rate (butyl acetate — 1): Not applica

ble• Reactivity

1. Conditions contributing to instability: Tempera

tures above 100 C (212 F) may cause decomposition so that containers burst.

2. Incompatibilities: Contact with strong oxidizers

may cause fires and explosions.3. Hazardous decomposition products: Toxic gases

and vapors (such as oxides of nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, and carbon monoxide) may be released when parathion decomposes.

4. Special precautions: Parathion will attack some forms of plastics, rubber, and coatings.• Flammability

1. Not combustible• Warning properties

1. Odor Threshold: The odor threshold of parathion

is 0.04 ppm (American Society of Testing Materials Bulletin).

2. Eye Irritation Level: The AIHA Hygienic Guide

states that “a few drops of technical parathion in animals has produced immediate blinking, lacrimation,

and moderate conjunctivitis. Pupil constriction was also

observed, with a return to normal size and reaction the following day. Eye contact with 1% aqueous suspensions of 13% wettable powders did not show evidence

of irritation or other obvious reaction.**3. Evaluation of Warning Properties: Since the odor

threshold of parathion is so low, parathion is treated as a material with good warning properties.

2 Parathion Saptambsr 197$

MONITORING ANO MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES

• Geaenl

^tauurements to determine employee exposure are beet so that the average eight-hour exposure i> baaed

on a single eight-hour sample or on two four-hour samples. Several short-time interval samples (up to 30 minutes) may also be used to determine the average exposure level. Air samples should be taken in the

employee's breathing zone (air that would most nearly represent that inhaled by the employee).

• Method

Sampling and analyses may be performed by collection

of parathion using a filter with subsequent recovery with iso-octane and gas chromatographic analysis. A detailed analytical method for parathion my be ob

tained from die National Technical Information Serv

ice. U S. Department of Commerce, Springfield, Virginia 22161, under the title "NIOSH Analytical Methods for Set T" (order number PB 262 404).

drenching of the body should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use.* Non-impervious clothing which becomes contami

nated with parathion should be removed immediately and not rewom until the parathion is removed from the clothing.

* Clothing which has had any possibility of being cents mins ted with parathion should be placed in dosed containers for storage until It can be discarded or until provision is made for the removal of parathion from the clothing. If the dothing is to be laundered or otherwise

cleaned to remove the parathion, the person performing the operation should be informed of parathion’s hazard

ous properties.* Employees should be provided with and required to use splash-proof safety goggles where there is any possibility of liquid parathion contacting the eyes.* Where there Is any possibility that employees' eyes may be exposed to parathion, an eye-wash fountain should be provided within the immediate work area for

emergency use.

RESPIRATORS

• Good industrial hygiene practices recommend that engineering controls be used to reduce environmental concentrations to the permissible exposure levd. However, there are some exceptions where respirators may be used to control exposure. Respirators may be used ^hen engineering and work practice controls are not

; ^Bnically feasible, when such controls are in the

'* vTocess of being installed, or when they fail and need to be supplemented. Respirators may also be used for operations which require entry into tanks or dosed vessels, and in emergency situations. If the use of respirators is necessary, the only respirators permitted

are (hose that have been approved by the Mine Safety snd Health Administration (formerly Mining Enforce

ment and Safety Administration) or by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.

* In addition to respirator selection, a complete respirt- .ory protection program should be Instituted which

includes regular training, maintenance, inspection,

cleaning, and evaluation.


• Employees should be provided with and required to

use impervious clothing, gloves, face shields (eight-inch

minimum), snd other appropriate protective clothing

necessary to prevent repeated or prolonged skin contact with parathion.

* If employees’ clothing has had any possibility of being contaminated with parathion, employees should ^ange into uncontaminated clothing before leaving the

premises.^^here there is any possibility of exposure of an

employee’s body to parathion, facilities for quick

SANITATION

• Skin that becomes contaminated with parathion should be immediately washed or showered with soap or mild detergent and water to remove any parathion.• Workers subject to skin contact with parathion

should wuh with soap or mild detergent and water any areas of the body which may have contacted parathion at the end of each work day.• Eating and smoking should not be permitted in areas where parathion is handled, processed, or stored.• Employees who handle parathion should wash their

hands thoroughly with soap or mild detergent and water before eating, smoking, or using toilet facilities.


The following list includes some common operations in which exposure to parathion may occur and control methods which may be effective in each case:

OperationApplication as a

pesticide on agricultural

crops, vegetables and

ornamentals and on

agricultural premise*

Formulation for use as

an insecticide

iManufacture of

parathion

Control*

Personal protects*

equipment

Process enclosure;

personal protective

equipment

Process enclosure;

general dilution

ventilation; local

exhaust ventilation;

personal protective

equipment

Septamfcar 1S7S Parathion 3

EMERGENCY FIRST AID PROCEDURES REFERENCES

In the event of in emergency, institute first aid proce- ^^ure* and send for first aid or medical assistance.

( Eye Exposure

If parathion or parathion mists get into the eyes, wash eyes immediately with large amounts of water, lifting the lower and upper lids occasionally. Get medical attention immediately. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical.

• Skin Exposure

If parathion or parathion mists get on the skin, immediately wash the contaminated skin using soap or mild detergent and water. If parathion or parathion mists

penetrate through the clothing, remove the clothing immediately and wash the skin using soap or mild detergent and water. Get medical attention immediate

ly

• Breathing

If a person breathes in large amounts of parathion, move the exposed person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform artificial respiration. Keep the affect

ed person warm and at rest. Get medical attention as soon as possible.

• Swallowing

When parathion has been swallowed and the person is conscious, give the person large quantities of water immediately. After the water has been swallowed, try

•get the person to vomit by having him touch the back

his throat with his finger. Do not make an unconscious person vomit. Get medical attention immediate

ly.

• Rescue

Move the affected person from the hazardous exposure.

If the exposed person has been overcome, notify some

one else and put into effect the established emergency

rescue procedures. Do not become a casualty. Understand the facility'* emergency rescue procedure* and

know the locations of rescue equipment before the need

arises.

SPILL, LEAK, AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURES

* Persons not wearing protective equipment and cloth

ing should be restricted from areas of spills or leaks until cleanup has been completed.

• if parathion is spilled or leaked, the following steps should be taken:

1. Ventilate area of spill or leak.

2. Collect for reclamation, or absorb in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, or a similar material.

Waste disposal method:l^pparathion nay be disposed of by absorbing it in ver

miculite, dry sand, earth or a similar material and disposing in sealed containers in a secured sanitary

landfill.

• American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists: "Parathion,** Documentation of the Thresh

old Limit Values for Substances in Workroom Air (3rd ed., 2nd printing), Cincinnati, 1974.

• American Industrial Hygiene Association: "Parathion," Hygienic Guide Series, Detroit, Michigan, 1969.• "American Society of Testing Materials Bulletin,"

Journal of American Water Works Association, 57:1016. 1965.

• Arterberry, J. D., et a].: "Exposure to Parathion -

Measurement by Blood Cholinesterase Level and Urinary p-Nitrophenol Excretion," Archives of Environ• mental Health, 3:476-483,1961.

• Christensen, H. E-, and Luginbyhl, T. L. (eds.).- NIOSH Toxic Substances List, 1974 Edition. HEW Publication No. 74-134,1974.• Gleason, M. N., Gosselin, R. E., Hodge, H. C., and

Smith, R. P.: Clinical Toxicology of Commercial Products

(3rd ed.), Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, 1969.• Goodman, L. S., and Gilman, A.: The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics (Sth ed.), Macmillan, New

York, 1975.

• Grant, W. M.: Toxicology qf the Eye (2nd ed.), C. C. Thomas, Springfield, Illinois, 1974.• Hayes, W. }., Jr.: Clinical Handbook on Economic Poisons, Emergency information for Treating Poisoning, U.S. Public Health Service Publication No. 476, U.S.

Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 1963.• Hygienic Information Guide No. 27- Parathion, Com

monwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of Environmental Resources, Bureau of Occupational Health, 1971.

• International Labour Office: Encyclopedia of Occupational Health and Safety, McGraw-Hill, New York,

1971.• Koelle, G. B. (ed.): "Cholinesterases and Anticholin

esterase Agents," Vol. 15 of Handbuch der Experimented Pharmakologie, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1963.

• National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare: Criteria for a Recommended Standard ....

Occupational Exposure to Parathion, HEW Publication

No. (NIOSH) 76-190, GPO No. 017-033-00195-2, U.S.

Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1976.

• Patty, F. A. (ed.): Toxicology, Vol. II of Industrial

Hygiene and Toxicology (2nd ed. rev.), Interscieoce. New York, 1963.

• Sax, N. I.: Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials

(3rd ed.), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 196S.

• Spector, W. S. (Volt. L H). Negherbon, W. O. (Vol.

Ill), Orebe, R. M. (Vol. IV), and Dittmer, D. S. (Vol. V) (eds.): Handbook of Toxicology, Saunders, Philadel

phia, 1956-1959.

• Spencer, E Y.: Guide to the Chemicals Used in Crop Protection (6th ed.), Publication 1093, Research Branch

4 Parathion September 1171



(518) 377-8855


GCNIUM PUBLISHING COPP.

NO. 387

KEROSENE SOLVENT Revision A

DATEf)ecember 1982

SECTION I. MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION __________________ ___________ . _______MATERIAL NAME: KEROSENE SOLVENT .DESCRIPTION: Refined petroleum middle distillate; mainly saturated hydrocarbons of 10-16 carbon atoms, but lower boiling than fuel kerosenes. (See MSDS #488)

OTHER DESIGNATIONS: Kerosine, GE Material D5B5, CAS #008 008 206MANUFACTURER: Available from many suppliers including Exxon Company, USA, Mobil Oil

Corp., and Shell Chemical Company.


ca 10G

< 0.15

No TLV Established*Aliphatic hydrocarbons .Cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons^ — .n_comPonen 5

Alkylated aromatic hydrocarbons

^Exposure limits depend on components (variable); get supplier recommendation for product. N10SH (1977)

. recommended 10-hr TWA of 100 mg/m or about 14 ppm for kerosene-type solvent (b.p. 347-617 F).

Rat, OralLDLo 28 g/kg

SECTION III. PHYSICAL DATADistillation range, 1 atm, deg F (deg C)*:

70Z distilled--------------- < 460(238) . Specific gravity (H_0=1)----ca 0.81

Dry point------------ -----< 550(288) Volatiles, Z ------------------>99.9Vapor pressure at 20 C, mm Hg - ca 5 Evaporation rate (BuAc«=l)---ca 0.04Vapor density (Air*=l)---------ca 4.5Water solubility ----------- InsolubleAppearance and Odor: Nearly water-white, mobile, oily liquid with mild petroleum odor.

*Initial b.p. is controlled by TCC flash point, 115 F min. ■

SECTIONTV. FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA lower Upper

Flash Point ond Method Autoiqnition Temp. Flammability limits in Air

115 F min (TCC) >450 F Volume Z 0.9 6

Extinguishing media: Carbon dioxide, dry chemical, foam, water spray or fog. Use a water spray to cool fire-exposed containers. Forced water stream could scatter fire.

Kerosene is a moderate fire and explosion hazard when exposed to heat or flame. Firefighters should use self-contained breathing equipment for fires in enclosed areas.

SECTION V. REACTIVITY DATA_________________________________ ____________ ______________This material is stable in closed containers at room temperature for long term storage^

It does not polymerize.Kerosene is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. It is an 0SHA Class II

combustible liquid.Thermal-oxidative degradation can yield partial oxidation products, hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and dioxide, and small amounts of sulfur dioxide (depending on sulfur content).

Copyright © IM4 Genhun PubUshtng Corporation■Any commercial inc without pubUriicr'c specific pecariienoo b prohibited. . GENIUM PUBLISHING

3R7NO.

SECTION VI. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION TLV None Established (See Sect II)

Excessive inhalation ot fumes, vapor or mist is irritating to respiratory passages and can cause headache, dizziness, nausea, stupor, Inebriation, convulsions or unconsciousness, ‘ depending on cone. & time of exposure. High vapor concentration or liquid contact is irritating to the eyes.

Liquid contact with skin is defatting and Irritating; prolonged or repeated contact can cause dermatitis. Ingestion causes Irritation to mouth, throat, G.I. tract with coughing, vomiting, blurred vision, dilated pupils and diarrhea as symptoms. Aspiration into lungs may cause hemorrhaging, pulmonary edema and chemical pneumonitis. (Est. adult lethal dose - 3 to 4 oz without aspiration)

ElRST AID: -------Eye Contact: Flush thoroughly with running water for 15 min., Including under eyelids skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing. Wash affected area with soap and water. G medical help if large areas of body are exposed or if irritation persists.

Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. Restore and/or support breathing. Have trained person administer oxygen if necessary. Call a physician.

Ingestion: Call physician and/or transport. Do not induce vomiting. Aspiration hazard! Giving activated charcoal (0.5 g/g. keroslne), edible oils, milk has been recommended.

Get

SECTION VII. SPILL. LEAK, AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURESEvacaute area for large spills. Provide explosion-proof ventilation; remove ignition source ; Those involved in clean up should use protection against liquid contact and vapor inhalation. Contain spill. Do not send to sewer or allow to enter streams or surface water.Pick up liquid for reclaim or disposal. Add absorbent solid to small spills or residues and pick up for disposal.

DISPOSAL: Burn scrap material in an approved Incinerator. Follow Federal, State, and Localregulations. Report spills that enter (or threaten to enter) navlgible waters.

SECTION VIII. SPECIAL PROTECTION INFORMATIONJse general ventilation and local exhaust ventilation (face velocity >60 lfm, depending on conditions of use) to keep vapors and mists at a low level. (If this material is heated or sprayed, higher levels of ventilation may be needed.) Where additional respiratory protection is needed, an approved organic vapor cartridge respirator can be used below 1000 mg/m of mist or vapor for less t^an one hour. A canister gas mask and full face protection is required above 1000 mg/m . Use an air-supplied or self-contained respirator above 5000 mg/in .

Use rubber gloves to prevent repeated or prolonged contact with liquid and safety glasses for eye protection where splashing is possible. Conditions of use may require additional protection against body contact with liquid.

’rovide an eyewash station and washing facilities.aunder work clothing at least weekly and rnnl-am-lnat-eH nlnl-Mny hefrir-n -re.icn

SECTION IX. SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS AND COMMENTSStore in closed containers in a well-ventilated area. Keep away from sources of heat and

ignition, and strong oxidizing agents. No smoking in areas of use. Electrically bond and ground containers for transfers to prevent static electric sparks. Near this materia] use explosion-proof electrical equipment. Handle and store as an OSHA Class II Combustible Liquid.

Use with ventilation to remove vapors and mists. Avoid skin contact. Wear clean work clothing. Follow good hygienic practice in the use of this material.

DOT Classification: COMBUSTIBLE LIQUID. I.D. No. UN 1223

DATA SOURCE(S) CODE: 1-11,14,19,34,37,48,49_____

Judgmertts b to Vw suubMy of information heroin lor purchaser's pixpose* -ere neoasarJy purchaser's rssponrtspy. TtosfOT. tfttough rassonahts car* has boon taken in prapersten of such nlormMiorvGenMn Putwwig Corporason extends no wenvwas. makes no rapreaarsaens and assumes no raiponsitxWy as to the aoaraey or suttsbtty of such irttormaaon lor applcsaon to fax- chaser s attended purposes or lor consequences of ts use.

APPROVALS: MIS/CRD

INDUST. HYGIENE/SAFETY

MEDICAL REVIEW: 20 December 1982

GENIUM PUBLISHING



(518) 377-8855

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET <SPGiNIUM PU8USHING COUP.

NO. 468

FUEL OIL NO. 1

Date March 1982


MATERIAL NAME: FUEL OIL NO. 1 DESCRIPTION: Kerosine-like mixture of petroleum hydrocarbons; a distillate of controlled sulfur content.

DTHER DESIGNATIONS: Heating Fuel; ASTM D396, Grade No 1; CHEVRON Heating Fuel No. MANUFACTURER: Available from many suppliers, including:

Standard Oil Co. of California Chevron Research Co.PO Box 1272Richmond. CA 94802 Tel: (41S1 233-3737


Fuel Oil No. 1Mixture of paraffinic, olefinic, naphthenic, and

aromatic hydrocarbons Sulfur content

^Current OSHA Standard and ACGIH (1981) TLV.

8-hr TWA 5 mg/m

(mineral oil mist)*

<0.5


Boiling range, 1 atm, deg C (F) —------ 166-318 (330-605)

Vapor pressure, 38C (100F) --- ca 5Solubility in water ----- Insoluble

Specific gravity 0^0=1) —Pour point, deg C, max ---Volatiles, vol X ---------Viscosity @ 40C, cSt ------

- ca 0.83- -18— >99- 1.3-2.1

Appearance and Odor: Light amber liquid with a mild petroleum odor.

SECTION IV. FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA LOWER UPPERFlash Point and Method>100F (CC)

Autoignition Temp.490F

Flammability Limits In AirZ by volume ca 1.0

Extinguishing media: Dry chemical, carbon dioxide, foam, water fog or spray. Use awater spray to cool fire exposed containers. Use a smothering technique for extinguishing fire of this combustible liquid. Do not use a forced water stream directly on

burning oil as this will scatter the fire.Firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective

clothing.


This is a stable material in closed containers at room temperature under normal storag :

and handling conditions. It does not polymerize.Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents; heating greatly increases fire hazard. Thermal-oxidative degradation products can Include hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon

derivatives (partial oxidation products), CO^, CO and SO^

Opyrlfbl <£) 1984 Cain PablMitot Corporation. wttboM pabHAcr'. .poclflc pmaMoa h proUWlnl. GENIUM PUBLISHING

NO. 468

SECTION VI. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION TLV 5 mg/m^ (mineral oil mist)

Excessive inhalation of vapor or mist irritates the respiraitory tract, and can cause headache, dizziness, nausea, stupor, convulsions or loss of consciousness, depending on cone, and time of exposure. High vapor cone, or liquid contact can irritate eyes.

Liquid contact with the skin is irritating; prolonged or repeated contact can cause dermatitis.

Chemical pneumomitis may result when vomiting occurs after ingestion and oil is aspirated into the lungs.

FIRST AID:Ey6"Contact: Flush eyes with plenty of running water for at least 15 minutes. If irri

tation "persists, get medical help.Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing. Wash exposed areas of the body with soap —and water. Get medical help when large areas of the body have been exposed or if irritation persists.Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. Restore and/or support breathing as needed, (admln-

' ister oxygen if necessary). Call a physician.Ingestion: Contact physician! Do not Induce vomiting (aspiration hazard)!

SECTION VII. SPILL./ LEAK/ AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURES

Notify safety personnel of leaks or spills. Remove sources of heat or ignition.Evacuate area for large spills. Provide maximum explosion-proof ventilation. Those involved in clean-up should use protection against liquid contact and vapor inhalation. Contain spill. Do not send to sewer or allow to enter streams or surface water. Pick up liquid for reclaim or disposal. Use absorbent solid to pick up small spills or residues. Clean up spills promptly to reduce fire or vapor hazards.

DISPOSAL: Burn in an approved incinerator or furnace or dispose of via a licensed waste disposal company. Follow Federal, State and local regulations. Report large oil

spills.


Provide general ventilation and local exhaust ventilation where operating conditions may create excessive workplace vapors or mists. Use explosion-proof equipment. Provide an approved respirator with mist filter & organic vapor cartridge for nonroutine or emergency use when vapor/mist concentrations are high.

Wear impermeable gloves to prevent prolonged liquid contact. Use eye protection where splashing liquid or high mist or vapor cone, may occur. Other protective clothing may

be required, depending on working conditions.An eyewash fountain and washing facilities should be readily available near handling and

use areas.Launder contaminated clothing before reuse (at least weekly routine laundering of work

clothes is recommended).


Store in closed containers in a well-ventilated area away from sources of heat, ignition and strong oxidizing agents. Protect containers from physical damage. Use non-sparking tools and explosion-proof electrical equipment. Prevent static electric sparks. Use and storage conditions should be suitable for OSHA Class II combustible liquid.

Avoid prolonged skin contact and breathing of vapors or mist. No smoking in areas of use Follow good hygienic practice with this material. Do not wear oil contaminated cloth ing. Do not put oily rags into pockets. Wash exposed skin areas several times a day with soap and warm water when working with this material. DOT I.D. No. UN1993

I DOT Classification: COMBUSTIBLE LIQUID"DATA SOURCE(S) CODE: 1.6.7.12

Judgments as to *he tuttMy erf n&mcon he»k* purchaser's ourpoaes are necesaarrfy purchaser s f«ooA£it»My Ttwretpe. aenougn reasonable care Has been taken n the p»»oa'aion o* tuc* rtormaton. Gerwum Pvt*sfwig Go*portion attends no warranto*, makes no repreeeraatons and assumes no respoftt&uy as to the accuracy o» suflabtty erf such rtonnaton tor appieaion to pur-

tfaie t eaenaeo p^poaesor tpr coneequcnces erf as use.

APPROVALS- fl /#* //] AArrKUVALi. CRD U K k/ ^---- -

Industrial Hygiene'-' > and Safety % a) 3-o-fi-

MEDICAL REVIEW:*' 21 March 1982

GENIUM PUBLISHING


1145 CATALYN STREET SCHENECTADY, NY 12303-1036 USA

(518) 377-8855

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET (HP

GENIUM PUBLISHING CORP.

NO. 469

FUEL OIL NO. 2

Date October 1981


MATERIAL NAME: FUEL OIL NO. 2DESCRIPTION: Mixture of petroleum hydrocarbons; a distillate oil of low sulfur content. OTHER DESIGNATIONS: ASTM D396, GE Material D27B1A, CAS 0068 476 302

MANUFACTURER: Available from many suppliers, including:AMOCO Oil Co.200 East Randolph Drive Chicago, Illinois 60601

SECTION II. INGREDIENTS AND HAZARDS HAZARD DATAFuel Oil No. 2

Complex mixture of paraffinic, olefinic, naphthenic, and aromatic hydrocarbons

Sulfur content Benzene**

*Current OSHA standard and ACGIH (1981) TLV

**A low benzene level reduces carcinogenic risk. Fuel oils are exempted under the benzene standard (29 CFR 1910.1028)

8-hr TWA 5 mg/m (mineral oil mist)*

<0.5<100 ppm

SECTION I I I . PHYSICAL DATA

Boiling point range, deg F, -------- Ca 340-675 Specific gravity (H20=l)

Solubility in water ----------------- negligible Pour point, deg C ------Viscosity at 38 C, cSt------------ - 2.0-3.6

Appearance and Odor: Clear, bright liquid with a mild petroleum odor.

— <0.876below -6

SECTION IV. FIRE AND EXPLOSION DATA

Flash Point and Method

100F min (TCC)

Autoignition Temp.

257 C (495F)


% bv volume

LOWER

JL£_

UPPER

Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical, carbon dioxide, foam, water spray. Use a water spray

to cool fire exposed containers. Use a smothering technique for extinguishing fire of this combustible liquid. Do not use a forced water stream directly on oil fire as this will only scatter the fire. Material is an OSHA Class II combustible liquid.

Firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective

clothing.


This is a stable material in closed containers at room temperature under normal storage and handling conditions. It does not undergo hazardous polymerization.

Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents; heating greatly increases fire hazard. THermal-oxidative degradation may yield various hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon deriva

tives (partial oxidation products^ CO^ and CO and SO^.

Copyright © 1984 Genian Fubtfchtng CorporationAny commercial use without pubtbhrr's spectfk permtadoa b prohibited. GENIUM PUBLISHING

469No.

SECTION VI. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATIONT. W , 3 oil TLV 5 mg/ni (mist-) (See Sect II)

Inhalation of excessive concentrations of vapor or mist can be irritating to the respiratory passages and can cause the following symptoms: headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and loss of coordination. Prolonged or repeated skin contact may cause irritation of the hair follicles and block the sebaceous glands. This produces a rash of acne pimples and spots, usually on the arms and legs. (Good personal hygiene will pre

vent this).Chemical pneumonitis may result when ingestion occurs and oil is aspirated in the lungs

FIRST AID:Eve Contact: Flush thoroughly with running water for 15 min. including under eyelids. Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing. Wipe excess oil off with a dry cloth. Wash

affected area well with soap and water.Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. Restore and/or support breathing as required.

Ingestion: Do not Induce vomiting.Seek medical assistance for further treatment, observation and support.

SECTION VII. SPILL., LEAK., AND DISPOSAL PROCEDURES

Notify safety personnel of leaks or spills. Remove sources of heat or ignition.Provide adequate ventilation. Clean-up personnel to use protection against

liquid contact and vapor or mist inhalation. Contain spill by diking. Small spills car be contained by using absorbants, such as rags, straw, polyurethane foam, activated carbon, and sand. Clean up spills promptly to reduce fire or vapor hazards.

DISPOSAL: May be disposed of by a licensed waste disposal company, or by controlled in

cineration or burial in an approved landfill.Follow Federal, State and Local regulations. Report large oil spills.


Provide adequate ventilation where operating conditions (heating or spraying) may creat< excessive vapors or mists. Use explosion proof equipment. Provide approved respirator}

apparatus for nonroutine or emergency use. Use an approved filter & vapor respirator when vapor/mist concentrations are high. Wear protective rubber gloves and chemical safety glasses where contact with liquid or high mist cone, may occur. Additional

suitable protective clothing may be required depending on working conditions. An eyewash fountain and washing facilities to be readily available near handling and use

areas.Launder soiled or contaminated clothing before reuse (at least weekly laundering of work clothes is recommended) .


Store in closed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from sources of open flame, heat, strong oxidizing agents, and ignition. Protect containers from

physical damage. Use non sparking tools and explosion-proof electrical equipment.

Prevent static electric sparks.Avoid prolonged skin contact and breathing- of vapors or mists.No smoking in areas of use. Follow good hygienic practice in the use of this material.

Do not wear oil contaminated clothing. Do not put oily rags into pockets. Wash ex-

material, Dor tiassiric )ATA SOURCE(S) CODE:1,6,7,12

Judgments as to the au*ab*iy d intomwten herem to» purd»ser't pupoeas are r*cm$Mr*y

purchase' s reaponstortty. Therefore, although raasonade care has been taken the preparaion d auch intormaion. Genaen Put>t«tv*g Corporator* extends no warrant**. makes no repreaentaions and attunes no resporatodty as to the accuracy or tutabtty d such otormabon tor tpp*cdton to pur

chaser's Mended purposes or tor contoQuenoei d «s use

APPROVALS: “J i /)tA ywvv

Industrial Hygiene ̂

and Safety mh) /e-o-fi

MEDICAL REVIEW: 21 October 1981

GENIUM PUBLISHING

ATTACHMENT 3

HEAT STRESS

OPERATING PROCEDURES NO. HS-102

102.0 HEAT STRESS

102.1 PURPOSE

The purpose of this OP is to provide general information

on heat stress and the methods that can be utilized to prevent or

minimize the occurrence of heat stress.

Adverse climatic conditions are important considerations

in planning and conducting site operations. Ambient temperature

effects can include physical discomfort, reduced efficiency,

personal injury, and increased accident probability. Heat stress

is of particular concern while wearing impermeable protective

garments, since these garments inhibit evaporative body cooling.

102.2 REQUIREMENTS

The NIOSH criteria document for heat stress recommends

that environmental monitoring and other preventive measures be

adopted in hot work environments. However, the provisions are not

directly applicable to employees who are required to wear

impermeable protective clothing. The reason for this exception is

that impermeable clothing prevents the evaporation of sweat, which

is one of the most important cooling mechanisms of the body. There

is no recognized health standard protection for workers wearing

impermeable protective clothing and respirators in hot

environments.

The ACGIH has adopted a TLV for heat stress. These

guides relate to work/rest regimes.

D797.8/72 HS-102-1 November 1990

102.3 ADDITIONAL HAZARD

The use of Personal Protective Equipment of the types

commonly used for hazardous waste work can place stress on the

body. One common problem with the use of personal protective

equipment, especially in hot environments, is heat stress;

Protective clothing can cause excessive sweating and can prevent

the body from properly regulating body temperature.

102.4 TYPES OF HEAT STRESS

Heat stress is the aggregate of environmental and

physical work factors that constitute the total heat load imposed

on the body. The environmental factors of heat stress are the air

temperature, radiant heat exchange, air movement, and water vapor

pressure. Physical work contributes to the total heat stress of

the job by producing metabolic heat in the body in proportion to

the intensity of the work. The amount and type of clothing also

affect the heat stress.

Heat strain is the series of physiological responses to

heat stress 1 When the strain is excessive for the exposed

individual, a feeling of discomfort or distress may result, and,

finally, a heat disorder may ensue. The severity of strain will

depend not only on the magnitude of the prevailing stress, but also

on the age, physical fitness, degree of acclimatization, and

dehydration of the worker.

Heat disorder is a general term used to describe one or

more of the following heat-related disabilities or illnesses:

o Heat Cramps - painful intermittent spasms of the

voluntary muscles following hard physical work in a hot

D797.8/72 HS-102-2 November 1990

environment. Cramps usually occur after heavy sweating,

and often begin at the end of a work shift.

o Heat Exhaustion - profuse sweating, weakness, rapid

pulse, dizziness, nausea, and headache. The skin is cool

and sometimes pale and clammy with sweat. Body

temperature is normal or subnormal. Nausea, vomiting,

and unconsciousness may occur.

o Heat Stroke - sweating is diminished or absent. The skin

is hot, dry, and flushed. Increased body temperature,

which, if uncontrolled, may lead to delirium,

convulsions, coma, and even death. Medical care is

urgently needed.

102.5 METHODS OF CONTROLLING HEAT 8TRE8S

As many of the following control measures as are

appropriate to site conditions should be utilized to aid in

controlling heat stress:

o Provide for adequate liquids to replace lost body fluids

and replace water and salt lost from sweating. Encourage

personnel to drink more than the amount required to

satisfy thirst. Thirst satisfaction is not an accurate

indicator of adequate salt and fluid replacement.

o Replace fluids with water, commercial mixes such as

Gatorade or Quick Kick, or a combination of these.

o Establish a work regimen that will provide adequate rest

periods for cooling down. This may require additional

shifts of workers.

D797.8/72 HS-102-3 November 1990

o Wear cooling devices such as vortex tubes or cooling

vests beneath protective garments.

o Take all breaks in a cool rest area (77°F is best).

o Remove impermeable protective garments during rest

periods.

o Do not assign other tasks to personnel during rest

periods.

o Inform personnel of the importance of adequate rest,

acclimation, and proper diet in the prevention of heat

stress.

102.6 MONITORING

102.6.1 TEMPERATURE

The heat stress of an area can be monitored by the Wet

Bulb Globe Temperature Index (WBGT) technique. Where heat stress

is a possibility, a heat stress monitoring device, such as the

wibget Heat Stress Monitor (Reuter Stokes) can be utilized.

The WBGT shall be compared to the Threshold Limit Values

(TLV) outlined by the ACGIH TLV guides, and a work-rest regiment

can be established in accordance with the WBGT. Note that 5

degrees C must be subtracted from the TLVs for heat stress listed

to compensate for the wearing of impermeable protective clothing.

D797.8/72 HS-102-4 November 1990

102.6.2 MEDICAL

In addition to the provisions of the WCC medical

surveillance program, on-site medical monitoring of personnel

should be performed by qualified medical personnel for projects

where heat stress is a major concern. Blood pressure, pulse, body

temperature (oral), and body weight loss should be taken and

recorded.

Heart Rate: Count the radial pulse during a 30-second

period as early as possible in the rest period. If the heart rate

exceeds 110 beats per minute at the beginning of the rest period,

shorten the next work cycle by one-third and keep the same. If the

heart rate still exceeds 110 beats per minute at the next rest

cycle, shorten the following work cycle by one-third.

Oral Temperature: Use a clinical thermometer or similar

device to measure the oral temperature at the end of the work

period (before drinking liquids). If the oral temperature exceeds

99.6F (37.6C), shorten the next work cycle by one-third without

changing the rest period. If the oral temperature still exceeds

99.6F (37.6C) at the beginning of the next rest period, shorten the

following work cycle by one-third.

Do not permit a worker to wear a. semipermeable or

impermeable garment if his/her oral temperature exceeds 100.6F

(38.1C).

Body Water Loss: Measure body weight on a scale accurate

to +0.25 pounds at the beginning and end of each work day (also

lunch break, if possible) to see if enough fluids are being taken

to prevent dehydration. Weights should be taken while the employee

wears similar clothing or, ideally, nude. The body water loss

should not exceed 1.5 percent total body weight loss in a work day.

D797.8/72 HS-102-5 November 1990

Portable water and Gatorade or other electrolyte

replacement fluid should be available. Workers should be

encouraged to drink fluids during rest periods.

Physiological Monitoring: Initially, the frequency of

physiological monitoring depends on the air temperature adjusted

for solar radiation and the level of physical work (see Table 2).

The length of the work cycle will be governed by the frequency of

the required physiological monitoring.

102.7 REFERENCES

American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists,

Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances in the Work

Environment, 1984 - 1985.

Olishifski, J.B., Fundamentals of Industrial Hygiene, National

Safety Council, 1983.

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, The

Industrial Environment, Its Evaluation and Control, 1973.

/H&S2

D797.8/72 HS-102-6 November 1990

ATTACHMENT 4

INCIDENT REPORTING

OPERATING PROCEDURE NO. HS-502

502.1 INCIDENT REPORT8

All health and safety incidents that occur during field

and laboratory activities associated with investigations and

remediation of sites containing hazardous materials must be

reported to management.

502.2 DEFINITIONS

A health and safety incident is any event listed below:

o Illness resulting from chemical exposure or unknown

causes.

o Physical injury, including those that do not require

medical attention.

o Fire, explosions, and flashes resulting from activities

performed by WCC and its subcontractors.

o Property damage resulting from activities performed by

WCC and its subcontractors.

o Vehicular accidents occurring on-site or while travelling

to and from sites.

o Infractions of safety rules and requirements.

o Unexpected chemical exposures (indicated by irritation of

eyes, nose, throat, or skin).

HAS-PR0502 HS-502-1 November 1990

502.3 REPORTING PROCEDURES

502.3.1 REPORTING FORMAT

Incident reports shall be prepared by completing Form HS-

502. This form may be obtained from any WCC health and safety

officer.

502.3.2 RESPONSIBLE PARTY

Reports of incidents occurring in the field shall be

prepared by the site safety officer or, in the absence of the site

safety officer, the supervising field engineer, witness, or

injured/exposed individual.

502.3.3 FILING

A report must be submitted to the health and safety

officer of the business unit to which the project manager belongs

within 24 hours of each incident involving medical treatment. In

turn, the health and safety officer must distribute copies of the

report to the corporate health and safety administrator and the

corporate health and safety officer. When an injury or illness is

reported, the business unit health and safety officer must deliver

a copy of the report to the individual in charge of personnel

affairs so that a Worker's Compensation Insurance Report can be

filed if necessary. Reports must be received by personnel within

48 hours of each qualifying incident.

/H&S2

HAS-PR0502 HS-502-2 November 1990

FORM HS-502WC HEALTH AND SAFETY INCIDENT REPORT

Project Name: -TYPE OF INCIDENT (Check all aDDiicable items}

Project Number: □ Illness □ Fire, explosion, flash

Date of Incident: □ Injury □ Unexpected exposure

Time of Incident: □ Property Damage O Vehicular Accident

Location: □ Health & Safety Infraction

□ Other (describe)

PROJECT NAME: LOCATION:

DESCRIPTION OF INCIDENT (describe what happened and possible cause. Identify individuals involved, witnesses, and their affiliations; and describe emergency or corrective action taken.)

Reporter; __________________________ ________________________________________ ____Print Name Signature Date

Reporter must deliver this report to the Operating Unit Health & Safety Officer within 24 hours of the reported incident for medical treatment cases aria within five days for other incidents.

Reviewed by: —_____________________________________ _____Operating Unit Health & Safety Offflcer Date

Distribution:

Corporate Health and Safety Administrator Corporate Health and Safety Officer

~ Project ManagerPersonnel Office (medical treatment cases only)

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