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UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION

FIRSTCONSULTATION ON THE TRAINING OF INDUSTRIAL MANPOWERStuttgart, Federal Republic of Germany

2 2 - 2 6 November 1982

i REPORT A

Distr.L IM ITED

ID/294(ID/WG.381/3)

ENGLISH

1

PREFACE

The Second General Conference of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), held at Lima, Peru, in March 1975, recommended that UNIDO should include among its activities a system of continuing consultations between developed and developing countries with the object of raising the developing countries' share in world industrial output through increased international co-operation.—^

The General Assembly, at its seventh session in September 1975, in itsresolution 3362 (S-VII), decided that a system of consultations as providedfor by the Lima Plan of Action should be established at global, regional,

2/interregional and sectoral levels.— UNIDO, at the request of the countries concerned, should provide a forum for the negotiation of agreements in the field of industry between developed and developing countries and among developing countries themselves.

Seventeen Consultations have been convened since 1977 covering the following industries: capital goods, agricultural machinery, iron andsteel, fertilizer, petrochemicals, pharmaceutical, leather and leather products,* vegetable oils and fats, and food processing, and industrial financing.

In May 1980 the Board established the System of Consultations on a3/permanent basis, and in May 1982 it adopted the rules of procedure —

according to which the System of Consultations was to operate, including its principles, objectives and characteristics, notably:

1/ Report of the Second General Conference of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (lD/CONF.3/31), chapter IV, "The Lima Declaration and Plan of Action on Industrial Development and Co-operation", para. 66.

2/ Official Records of the General Assembly, Seventh Special Session, Supplement No. 1, para. 3

3/ The System of Consultations (PI/84).

The System of Consultations shall be an instrument through which the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) is to serve as a forum for developed and developing countries in their contacts and consultations directed towards the industrialization of developing countries; 4/

The System of Consultations would also permit negotiations among interested parties at their request, at the same time as or after consultations; 5/

Participants of each member country should include officials of Governments as well as representatives of industry, labour, consumer groups and others, as deemed appropriate by each Government;^

Each Consultation Meeting shall formulate a report, which shall include conclusions and recommendations agreed upon by consensus and also other significant views expressed during the discussion.7/

8 /The Board at its fifteenth session held in 1981,— decided that the First Consultation on the Training of Industrial Manpower should be held in the biennium 1982-1983.

4/ Ibid., para.1.5/ Ibid., para 3.6/ Ibid., para 23.7/ Ibid., para. 46.8/ Official Records

Supplement No. 16 (A/36/16). para. 171

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CONTENTS

Paragraphs1-7

Page4

Agreed Conclusions and Recommendations.............. 8-21 6

ChapterI. Organization of the Consultation................ 22-63 10

II. Report of the plenary sessions.................. 64-94 19

III.Report of the working group on Issue 1 (Problems of appraising and matching the demand for and supply of training for industry in developing countries)....................................... 95-120 27

IV. Report of the working group on Issue 2 (Co­operation arrangements for the acquisition of technology in industry by the developing countries)....................................... 121-149 33

Annexes

I. List of participants........................ 39

II. List of documents........................... 55

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INTRODUCTION

The First Consultation

1. The First Consultation on the Training of Industrial Manpower was held in Stuttgart, Federal Republic of Germany, from 22 to 26 November 1982.The First Consultation was attended by 211 participants from 70 countries and 21 international organizations (see annex I).

Background to the First Consultation

2. The Board decided in 1978 that a working group should be established by UNIDO, in collaboration with ILO and UNESCO, to examine ways to maximize the use of industrial manpower training facilities in developed and developing countries and to explore their potential for expansion in relation to the needs of developing countries. Accordingly, the UNID0/IL0/UNESC0 Working Group was established in December 1978.

3. In 1979 UNIDO, in consultation with ILO and UNESCO, prepared a report entitled "The acquisition and development of industrial skills by developing countries" (ID/CONF.4/8). That report was considered at the Third General Conference of UNIDO (ID/CONF.4/22, paras. 202-210), and generally supported by all countries.

4. In May 1981, an expert group meeting considered a pacer prepared by UNIDO (ID/WG.341/1) that elaborated on the issues contained in that report (ID/CONF.4/8).

5. The Global Preparatory Meeting was convened in Innsbruck, Austria, in January 1982, which considered a document (ID/WG.354/1) prepared by UNIDO, in collaboration with ILO and UNESCO. That Meeting agreed that the First Consultation should consider:

(a) The existing training capacity in developed countries, its potential utilization and adaptation for developing countries;

(b) The potential utilization of existing training capacity in developing countries by other developing countries;

(c) The potential role of international organizations and of national institutions with international training objectives.

6. A paper on those issues was submitted by UNIDO in June 1982 to a meeting of high level officials responsible for industrial manpower training in developing countries held at Bucharest, Romania, following the Ministerial Conference of the Group of 77.

7. In August 1982, the International Committee of the Group of 77 on the Follow-up and Co-ordination of Economic Co-operation among Developing Countries met at Manila to consider, inter alia, the report of the meeting held in Bucharest.

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AGREED CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Issue 1: Problems of appraising and matching the demand for and supplyof training for industry in developing countries

Conclusions

8. The basic objective of countries, and particularly the developing countries, aspiring to industrialize is to master their industrialization process. In order to gradually build up their capacity in the field of technology and related training, these countries require in addition to their national efforts the support of other countries as well as international organizations. It is agreed that there is no single set of guidelines that can be applied to all countries. There are however a number of basic elements facilitating the mastering of the industrialization process by developing countries. These include:

(a) Integrated economic and human resource planning, including a clear national policy to develop the training of industrial manpower to meet present and foreseeable future needs with regard to the complementarity between national education and industrial training systems;

(b) A system whereby education and training requirements of industries of all sizes can be clearly identified and met, quantitatively and qualitatively.

9. Research has been undertaken by UNIDO to link the levels of technological complexity in the capital goods sector to the technical and educational requirements needed to progress from one technological level to the next. There is interest in UNILO pursuing and testing research in rhis field in selected developing countries.

10. It was recognized that countries should consider the creation or strengthening of mechanisms to co-ordinate the collection and dissemination of information. It was felt that those mechanisms at the national, sub­regional or regional levels were required to provide in a cost-effective nanner information on training sources and materials, training nethodolcgies and training needs and opportunities. It was considered that international co-operation would be of assistance to developing countries in that respect.

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11. Urgent attention should be given by the international community for greater financial resources to be provided to the developing countries to assist them in the strengthening of their industrial training capacity.

Recommendations

12. UNIDO, in collaboration with the International Labour Organisation (ILO) and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) within their respective mandates and possibilities, should:

(a) Strengthen its capacity and programmes designed to assist the developing countries in building up coherent and comprehensive training systems ;

(b) Continue to develop methodologies to contribute to the determination of industrial manpower and training needs in relation to different levels of technological complexity;

(c) Develop active programmes to assist developing countries in the training of trainers and of training development specialists, managers and supervisors for industry, and should also assist developing countries in setting up programmes for continuous or permanent training;

(d) Assist developing countries in the development of appropriate curricula, materials and methodologies in the field of industrial training;

(e) Assist developing countries in the establishment or strengthening of mechanisms to co-ordinate the collection and dissemination of information relevant to industrial training. Furthermore, the international agencies concerned should facilitate the flow of such information between them;

(f) Pay special attention to the training requirements of the informal sector of the developing and the least developed of the developing countries. These organizations should assist the latter countries to design and build-up their industrial training systems;

(g) Pav due attention to the training of women and to their integration in industry;

(h) Pursue and strengthen their co-ordination through inter-secretariat consultations, inter-agency working groups, and other established mechanisms at headquarters and country levels.

13. A further recommendation was made that UNESCO should continue and strengthen its programmes aimed at assisting its Member States to improve

their education systems, especially in strengthening links between education and the world of work. In particular, developing countries needed to be helped and encouraged to strengthen science and technology components in general education, technical and vocational education, education of engineers and technicians, continuing education, and literacy progransnes.

Issue 2: Co-operation arrangements for the acquisition of technologyin industry by the developing countries

Conclusions

14. In order to achieve their long-term development objectives, the developing countries had to expand their own technological and training capacity. The developing countries had to identify their needs and to formulate policies and plans consistent with that objective with due regard to the changing nature of technology and the training needed to acquire that capacity. Their national efforts had to be supplemented by co-operation agreements that could be multilateral, bilateral and/or commercial.

15. The objectives and content of contracts for the provision of industrial training were generally insufficiently defined, and that there was a need for a model guide including inter alia, the type and level of skills to be imparted, the cost of training and the method and criteria of selecting trainees.

16. A training component must be included from the initial project planning stage, together with its cost estimation and submission for financing, funding institutions ought to accept the financing of both the training component and hardware of the projects.

17. There was a need to identify all relevant existing opportunities at the national, subregional, regional and interregional levels for industrial training, and assess and disseminate information on them with a view to optimizing their use for the promotion and development of all training activities in developing countries.

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18. UNIDO, ILO and UNESCO and other interested international organizations should, upon request, assist in the elaboration of training requirements and participate in the evaluation of such training within their respective competencies.

19. The special problems of the least developed of the developing countries necessitated that special consideration be given to those countriesin order to develop and strengthen their training capacity.

Recommendations

20. The Consultation recommended that UNIDO, in collaboration with ILO, UNESCO and other agencies of the United Nations system within their respective mandates and possibilities, should:

(a) On the basis of an appropriate methodology provide assistance to Governments of developing countries on request in the formulation of national industrial manpower training programmes that must take into account the interest of the workers;

(b) Compile a checklist to assist in the preparation of training contracts ;

(c) Identify and assess industrial and educational manpower training institutions in developing countries and disseminate widely any desired information concerning them to all countries with a view to strengthening these institutions ;

(d) Organize on request, jointly with ILO, UNESCO and other organizations concerned, individual country consultative meetings expressly to co-ordinate action and mobilize resources for industrial manpower development within the context of a country's national development plans;

(e) Draw the attention of all agencées preparing and operating projects and financial institutions to the need to include an industrial manpower training component in all capital projects.

General21. In order to follow-up on the above conclusions and recommendations and to address the specific themes identified at the First Consultation, it was recommended, at the final plenary session, that the need to convene a Second Consultation should be considered.

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I. ORGANIZATION OF THE CONSULTATION

Opening of the Consultation

22. The Executive Director opened the First Consultation on the Training of Industrial Manpower, and introduced the Prime Minister of Baden-Württemberg.

Speech by the Prime Minister of Baden-Württemberg

23. The Prime Minister of Baden-Württemberg welcomed the participants of the Consultation to Stuttgart. He recalled that his State had developed from one of the poorest regions to the most highly industrialized region of the Federal Republic of Germany. The essential agent for that development had been the focus on small- and medium-scale industries supported by a systematic training system that had attached particular importance to the vocational training of young people.

24. He said that co-operation in the field of manpower training was perhaps a better way to foster mutual understanding and to bring people together in both developed and developing countries than mere anonymous transfers of foreign capital, large projects or general economic aid.

Speech by the Executive Director of UNIDO

25. The Consultation was then addressed by the Executive Director of UNIDO, who expressed his gratitude to the Federal Republic of Germany and the State of Baden-Württemberg for hosting the Consultation. He noted that it was the second Consultation held in the Federal Republic of Germany, and thanked that country for its support of the System of Consultations, and particularly for its financial contribution to assist participants from the least developed of the developing countries to attend the Consultation.

26. The Executive Director also expressed his appreciation to ILO and UNESCO, which had been co-operating with UNIDO on the subject during the last three years. That co-operation was reflected in their high-level representation at the Consultation, including a tripartite delegation from the Governing Body of ILO.

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27. The Executive Director discussed the importance of the training of industrial manpower, a topic that had been raised at each sectoral consultation held by UNIDO. To establish and run new industrial capacities it was necessary to train manpower, which meant having close links between educational and training systems and idustry. Those links were not strong in developing countries with the result that either foreign skills were used or enterprises had to establish their own training faoil:' :es, both of which solutions were uneconomical.

28. In order to strengthen the links between industry and education, UNIDO had devised a methodology of making profiles of the training required at different levels of technological complexity.

29. Increasing industrialization in developing countries would lead, by 1990, to the need to train several million skilled workers. To facilitate the matching of demand and supply for that new market, it would be necessary to improve the availability of organized information. UNIDO would be prepared to act as a catalyst in the collection and dissemination of such information.

30. Currently, developing countries faced great difficulties in acquiring and running new industrial plants because suppliers of plant and equipment provided only a limited amount of training. Furthermore, in many instances, purchasers from developing countries failed to pay adequate attention to their training needs. That had been shown in the case studies of contractual agreements compiled by UNIDO. For that reason, the Executive Director believed a systematic inclusion of improved provisions for training in sale contracts would greatly help potential developing country purchasers and developed country suppliers of plants and technology.

31. The Executive Director spoke next of the opportunities for co-operation between developing countries. UNIDO had been assisting in such co-operation by holding solidarity meetings in the least developed of the developing countries, at which other developing countries had committed themselves to providing training, establishing joint ventures, and other ways of helping to build infrastructure for developing countries. That

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needed to be followed by concrete steps, the first of which could be to organize and co-ordinate information on the potential supply of and demand for training.

32. Far more relevant to the current Consultation was the potential North-South co-operation. If all partners in developing and developed countries were convinced of their shared interest in ensuring adequately trained manpt er in developing countries, a difficult question, namely that of the financing of training, would have to be carefully examined.

33. The Executive Director said it appeared to him appropriate to make training activities eligible for soft financial terms. He was aware that that was a delicate matter, particularly in the prevailing economic situation. Nevertheless, he felt that the outcome of the Consultation would give a fair indication of the extent and depth of the vill to develop true co-operation between the North and the South.

Speech by the Parliamentary Secretary to the Federal Ministry for Economic Co-operation

34. The Parliamentary Secretary to the Federal Ministry for Economic Co-operation, on behalf of the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany, welcomed the participants to the First Consultation. He said that the training of skilled labour in the developing countries would be an important element in the development policy of the new Federal Government.

35. Up till that date, the Federal Government had assisted through its bilateral programmes 1,333 projects in the particularly important field of technical training and had made available more than DM 2.3 billion for those projects.

36. He stressed that in many developing countries industrialization was indispensable for economic and social progress in which the mass of the population participated. Industrialization created jobs for the expanding population and generated income. Bearing that in mind, the new Federal Government would like to make still greater use of private efforts to stimulate development. He considered that the availability of trained personnel was a precondition for industrialization.

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37. Co-operation between the Federal Government and UNIDO over the years had been close and successful.

38. He called on UNIDO to continue its efforts to promote investment in developing countries and economic co-operation between private companies and the third world. Bearing in mind that the world is interdependent, he stressed that trends towards protectionism must be opposed.

39. The UNIDO Consultations by providing a forum for experts were particularly helpful in the sharing of experiences and co-operation.

Speech by the Deputy Director-General of ILO

40. The Deputy Director-General conveyed the greetings and best wishes of the Director-General of ILO for the success of the Consultation.

41. He said that for rapid and sustained industrial development, manpower training was a critical issue. Training provided people with the knowledge, skills and attitudes needed to produce goods and services. It raised their productivity, increased the profits of their undertakings and stimulated progress in science and technology thereby contributing to general advancement. ILO looked upon industrial training as an integral part of national strategies for development of all sectors and for employment promotion, income distribution and popular participation in development. In that sense, tne function of training went well beyond that of production alone. It protected the employability of the worker, promoted mobility and reduced his vulnerability to unemployment in times of recession, thus promoting self-reliance and self-respect.

42. The Deputy Director-General spoke of the role of ILO in the field of training, which was written into its Constitution drawn up in 1919.

43. He considered that the Consultation should examine ways and means of better utilizing and strengthening national training institutions, structures and co-ordinating mechanisms. Training needs of all facets of industrialization should be considered; the modern high technology sector

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was important, but che medium-sized and small sectors of industry could not be neglected. Training was one continuous process and the highest levels of qualifications could only be developed upon more elementary skills. The promotion of new training structures that might duplicate existing ones should be avoided. The Consultation might consider ways in which international organizations might co-operate with developing and industrialized countries on a comprehensive approach to the development of the human resources needed for industrialization.

44. Such an approach would include mechanisms for assessing training needs; planning and programming various types of training at different levels, in-plant as well as institutional; provision of vocational guidance and counselling; implementation of training programmes at home and abroad; evaluation and placement of graduates and feedback of that evaluation into the planning process; provision and control of finance; and co-ordination of training with other selected sectors including the formal educational system. The suggested creation of focal points that would organize a. co-ordinate training of industrial manpower in developing and industrialized countries should be established within the existing national training system.

45. The Deputy Director-General said that ILO had pioneered technical co-operation between developing countries with the establishment of the Inter-American Research and Documentation Centre on Vocational Trainin'-* (CINTERFOR) in Latin America, the African Centre for the Developmer Vocational Training (CIADFOR) in Africa and the Asia and Pacific S Development Programme (APSDEP) covering Asia and the Pacific. The Consultation might wish to invite greater commitment on the part of Governments as well as international organizations in strengthening and further developing the technical co-operation between developing countries carried out by those institutions.

46. Aware of the escalating costs of training, ILO was trying to develop specific programmes to improve the management of training schemes, to train trainers and to design training methods and technologies adapted to the needs of specific target groups in industry and other sectors.

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47. He considered it essential that workers' and employers' organizations as well as Governments should participate in the decision-making process for the training of industrial manpower, and in its implementation.

48. The Deputy Director-General concluded by promising full co-operation with UNIDO and UNESCO in assisting member countries with their industrial development.

Speech by the Representative of the Director-General of UNESCO

49. The Representative of the Director-General of UNESCO brought greetings from the Director-Geueral, and also his reg’-'ts that he could not attend the Consultation as the UNESCO General Conference was in session in Paris.

50. He said that the training of industrial manpower was relevant to the progranmes of UNESCO in education, science and technology, and other areas. Consequently, UNESCO had been pleased to accept the invitaton to co-operate with UNIDO and ILO for the Consultation.

51. He stated that the productivity of labour and its capacity for innovation was to a large extent dependent on the general level of education of the economically active population. Therefore, education might be considered as the base on which any subsequent training could be built, as an essential prerequisite for development. A skilled labour force for modern industry was impossible if there were a high rate of illiteracy, be it verbal or technological.

52. Over the years, UNESCO had worked with its Member States to improve national systems of education, and to help them build up an effective infrastructure of training and research institutions in scientific and technological fields. It had become clear that many countries were having difficulty in adapting their systems of education to modern conditions, although much progress had been made in recent years. One feature of UNESCO action in that area had been the promotion of regional co-operation between educators, so that common problems could be identified and resolved by co-operative action between countries in the same region.

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53. One important issue was that of interaction between education and work. That implied close co-ordination between the educational system, especially technical and vocational education, the national system for vocational training and, ultimately, all training activities in the country. The universities also were important in that context, as industry depended on university graduates to fill many roles; above all, it needed competent engineers and technicians. The crucial importance of engineering education was accepted by all countries, and UNESCO had active programmes in that field, including projects to create or strengthen engineering schools in developing countries and promotion of international and regional co-operation.

54. Sometimes it was assumed that once a person had a degree he was fully qualified to practise in his discipline and needed no further training.That was a naïve view, and placed excessive faith in education. Experience had shown that systematic further training was essential if a scientist or an engineer were to retain his competence or if he were to become a manager. Thus, coherent policies and structures for training were required, and its value must be recognized at enterprise level.

55. Many countries were finding that their industrial development was hampered by shortages of technicians, and were giving higher priority to expanding their systems for the education and training of technicians.There were major problems to be overcome, including teaching staff, costs, the tendency to upgrade technical schools to university level, and the status of technicians. Nevertheless, UNESCO believed that training of technicians was a crucial problem for which international co-operation could assist Member States to find appropriate solutions.

56. Finally, he stressed that UNESCO experience had been that regional and interregional co-operation could be an extremely effective means of joint action through networks, working groups, centres, and other co-operative mechanisms. That could also be the case in the training of industrial manpower, where many of the problems were common to groups of countries.

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Speech by Head of the Negotiations Branch of UNIDO

57. The Head of the Negotiations Branch introduced the System of Consultations by referring to the recently adopted rules of procedure. He stated that the main characteristics of the System of Consultations were firstly, to allow for a wide participation that included representatives of government, industry and labour; secondly, all decisions to be taken by consensus; and thirdly, that there would be a contiuuing dialogue on a wide variety of subjects.

58. He informed the participants that the reports of the Consultations consisted of two main parts; one, the narrative, which reflected the main points of discussions; two, the operational part, which contained the agreed conclusions and recommendations relating both to current and future work, including the convening of further consultations.

Election of officers

59. Richard Weidle (Federal Republic of Germany), Weidleplan Consulting GmbH, was elected Chairman.

Ezekiel Olarewaju Fatiregun (Nigeria), Chairman of the Training and Education Committee of the Nigeria Employers Consultative Association, was elected Rapporteur.

Four Vice-Chairmen were elected as follows:Chalin Amondharm (Thailand), Deputy Director-General, Department of

Labour, Ministry of Interior

Hervé Bolot (France), Direction des Nations Unies et des organisations internationales, Ministère des relations extérieures

Ivan Petrovich Cureev (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics), Head of the Department for Training and Upgrading of Scientific and Technical Personnel, USSR State Committee for Science and Technology

Paulo Afonso Horta Novaes (Brazil), Technical Consultant, Servico Nacional de Aprendizagem Industrial (SENAI), Departamento Nacional.

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Adoption of the agenda

60. The Consultation adopted the following agenda:1. Opening of the Consultation2. Election of Chairman, Rapporteur and Vice-Chairmen3. Adoption of the agenda4. Presentation of the issues by the secretariat5. Discussion of the issues6. Recommendations for future action7. Adoption of the report of the Consultation

Establishment of working groups

61. The Consultation established two working groups to discuss the following issues and to propose conclusions and recommendations for consideration at the plenary session:

Issue 1: Problems of appraising and matching the demand for andsupply of training for industry in developing countries

Issue 2: Co-operation arrangements for the acquisition oftechnology in industry by the developing countries

Merle E. Strong (United States of America), Professor and Director, Vocational Studies Center, University of Wisconsin, was elected Chairman of the working group on Issue 1.

Mahmoud Sami Darwish (Egypt), Under-Secretary of State, Ministry of Industry, was elected Chairman of the working group on issue 2.

Adoption of the report

62. The report, including the reports of the working groups, was adopted by consensus on Friday, 26 November 1982, at the closing of the sessions.

Documentation

63. Documents issued prior to the Consultation are listed in annex II.

II. REPORT OF THE PLENARY SESSIONS

Presentation of the issues by the UNIDO secretariat

64. A representative of the UNIDO secretariat introduced the main pointsfor discussion on the basis of the two documents prepared for the Consultation: the Issues Paper (ID/WG.381/1), and the Background Paper(ID/WG.381/2). He recalled the decision of ti:e Board that requested UNIDO, in close co-operation with ILO and UNESCO, to examine how full use of existing training capacities in developed and developing countries should be achieved. That decision was based on the findings of the sectoral Consultations that had been convened since 1977 at which problems of industrial training had been repeatedly evoked.

65. Accordingly, the UNIDO/ILO/UNESCO Working Group was set up to investigate the possibilities of convening a consultation on the training of industrial manpower. Following the UNIDO Third General Conference, at which the subject was discussed, the Board agreed that the Consultation should be held in 1981. A first identification of issues was made in May 1981 at an expert group meeting; those were refined before being considered by the Global Preparatory Meeting in January 1982. The representative took the opportunity to point out the usefulness of the visits made to certain countries in order to discuss the topics for discussion at the Consultation.

Issue 1: Problems of appraising and matching the demand for and supply oftraining for industry in developing countries

66. The representative of the UNIDO secretariat stressed the challenge tobe met by the year 2000, by which time millions of industrial personnel would have to be trained. He pointed out that three aspects had to be borne in mind when considering the demand for and supply of industrial training: the need to anticipate demand, the changing nature of work, andthe need to establish links between educational and training systems and industry.

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Issue 2: Co-operation arrangements for the acquisition of technology inindustry by the developing countries

67. The representative of the UNIDO secretariat summarized the main points for discussion. Firstly, he stressed the importance of long-term co-operation arrangements given the long-term and continuous nature of training. Secondly, he stated that the extent to which contractual arrangements were deficient had been illustrated by case studies prepared by the UNIDO secretariat. Thirdly, he stated that perhaps increased use could be made of mixed credits to finance the training component of an industrial project, and that industrial training might be considered as an investment in social infrastructure and therefore benefit from loans on soft terms. Fourthly, with regard to co-operation between developing countries, he recalled the results achieved at various international conferences, namely the Buenos Aires and Caracas Plans of Action, the more recent meetings held at Bucharest, June 1982, Manila, August 1982, and New York, September 1982. He stated that the time had come to translate declarations of intent into action; the first step in that direction might be for developing countries to mutually recognize education and training standards and levels of qualification.

Summary of discussions

Role of training in economic and social development

68. Many participants underlined the crucial role of the state in training and training activities in economic and social development. They welcomed the opportunity of exchanging information and of reflecting on the problems and achievements in the field of industrial manpower. Against the background of the current grim economic situation of the world, several speakers pointed out the common interest of industrialized countries to create employment and avoid a wastage of resources. Those speakers saw manpower training as an important means to those ends.

Mastery of technology and strengthening of national training capacities

69. Most participants felt that the mastery of technology and strengthening of national training capacities was the central issue under discussion.

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One participant stressed the importance of having a clear perception of industrial training and pointed out the necessity of assisting developing countries in building up a capacity to diagnose training needs and problems, and to design, implement and evaluate training.

70. Some participants stated that manpower planning was necessary in order to make a realistic appraisal of the need for industrial training. In that connection one observer suggested that guidelines for manpower planning and the strengthening of national training systems in developing countries should be designed so as to move towards increased technological self-sufficiency. Some participants referred to their countries' experience of bilateral agreements based on the long-term plans of developing countries. A few participants mentioned the measures included in their national plans to cope with rapid technological changes.

71. Several participants stressed the need for simultaneous transfer of training and technology to developing countries. One participant noted the several levels concerned in that context, namely, country, public, private enterprise and co-operative levels; he stressed the necessity of adapting training programmes and methodologies to the characteristics of the receiving country, and of avoiding any imposition of economic and political conditions to the transfer and functioning of those programmes. Another participant mentione that the problems of the least developed of the developing countries should have been given more emphasis in the Issues Paper. He pointed out the importance of small-scale industry in the majority of developing countries and the need for training for that sector. Some participants added that experience had shown that the introduction of technology and related training programmes had to be understood and accepted by the people working in the industry.

72. In the discussion on the contribution of training towards the achievement of technological self-sufficiency, several participants stressed the importance of an approach that permitted developing countries to progress from one level of technological complexity to the next.

73. Many participants stressed the high priority that must be given to the training of trainers in developed as well as developing countries; the

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importance and status of trainers should be increasingly recognized. One participant added that trainers should be encouraged to form professional associations and that UNIDO might assist them in that endeavour. Several participants also emphasized that the strengthening or creation of a continuous training agency was essential for the maintenance, up-dating or enhancement of existing skills.

74. One participant expressed the view that developed countries should increasingly open their research and development centres in the field of industrial training for the benefit of developing countries. All institutions involved should make available a larger number of places for trainees from developing countries. He felt that certain developed countries should subsidize the cost of such training.

Appraising and matching of demand for and supply of industrial training, and the possibility of setting up co-ordinating mechanisms

75. The importance of an exchange of information on the demand for and supply of industrial training was widely recognized. Furthermore, several participants recognized the usefulness of co-ordinating mechanisms for the exchange of information or for other measures addressing the problems of matching demand and supply. However, it was pointed out by two observers that additional administrative structure might not guarantee more efficiency, and that it would be preferable to strengthen existing mechanisms. One participant informed the Consultation that his Government attached great importance to training co-ordination systems and would place its programmes related to training and study and to training co-ordination at the disposal of the developing countries at the regional and subregional levels.

Desirability of long-term co-operation arrangements

76. Many participants discussed the long-term nature of skill formation and manpower training as a means towards the mastery of technology. It was stressed that industrial training was a continuous rather than a static process and should be recognized as such. That continuous process could be facilitated by long-term arrangements that should operate for the necessary

23 -

period required for institutions in the developing countries to attain their objectives.

Improvement of contractual relations

77. Many participants recognized that provisions for training were inadequate in contracts for the supply of plant and equipment, often being included only as an afterthought. One participant suggested that due attention should be paid to the points set out in paragraph 72 of the Issues Paper and paragraph 234 of the Background Paper.

78. A few participants pointed out that their contracts for the supply of complete plants contained provisions for the establishment of related training centres.

79. Some participants considered that it would be unrealistic to prepare a model form of contract for industrial training although it might be appropriate to have principles and guidelines drawn up.

80. A participant supported the provisions for training contained in the UNIDO Model Form of Contract for the construction of a fertilizer plant.An observer expressed the view that the provisions for training contained in the UNIDO Model Form of Contract were interesting examples of what could be done in the field of contractual relations relating to the sale of large industrial plants. However, he 3aid that it did not seem useful to consider the problems of contractual relations in an area as wide as that referred to in the Issues Paper under Issue No. 2.

Financing of co-operation in industrial training

81. Strong support was expressed by many participants for the inclusion of the costs of training as an essential part of project financing rather than as a mere adjunct to a contract. One participant felt that training and training materials should be provided on concessionary terms and in greater volume by developed countries. Some participants and observers were of the view that extra financing should be made available for industrial training

- 24 -

out of official aid budgets; it was also stated by some participants that such investment should be considered as part of social infrastructure and that increased use should be made of mixed credit arrangements. One participant recognized that in the transfer of technology, industrial training was expensive; however, even where resources were scarce, it was important that training should not be played down.

Co-operation between developing countries

82. Many participants from developing countries described the provisions made by their Governments and training institutions to provide training facilities for other developing countries. Several participants referred specifically to the importance of co-operation in the context of the Industrial Development Decade for Africa taking place at the national, subregional, regional and interregional levels. Special reference was made to regional centres in Ibadan, Dakar and Nairobi. Other participants drew attention to similar significant regional co-operative efforts in Asia and Latin America.

83. There was recognition by several participants from developing countries that such co-operation would need to be facilitated by increased financial provision from the international community.

84. Several participants emphasized the need and the potential for further co-operation between developing countries with respect to the exchange of information and experience and to facilitate utilization of existing facilities in industrial training. Various participants referred to their co-operation with other developing countries in exchanging know-how and experience.

Role of international organizations

85. Some speakers lecognized the important role that international organizations could play in strengthening the national training systems of developing countries and in the establishment of appropriate co-ordinating mechanisms. Those international organizations, they added, should assist

25 -

in filling the gaps in the manpower development process in their fields of competence. Some participants pointed to the special role of UNIDO in stimulating co-operation between developing countries in the training of industrial manpower.

Other considerations

86. Many participants reported on their own country's experience in industrial training as well as on their co-operation with developing countries.

87. Many participants stressed the urgency of meeting the training needs of the least developed of the developing countries.

88. A few participants pointed out that the emigration of their skilled manpower to other developing countries put an additional burden on their training efforts and required closer co-operation between the countries concerned.

89. An observer emphasized the importance of training women for industry, and the need to improve co-ordination between various training institutions.

90. Another observer emphasized the need to improve records and information retrieval.

91. A participant indicated that the developing countries needed only industries with long-term span but another participant felt the problem could be reduced by including teaching modules to existing training package, which would reduce the problem of skill obsolescence.

92. An observer emphasized the need to promote further development of training standards and co-ordination of efforts of various international organizations, training institutions and manufacturers concerned in the important field of industrial manpower training.

- 26 -

93. One participant requested that a more important place be given to training in handbooks on analysis and evaluation and in projects presented by UNIDO and by the international training institutions.

94. Several participants stressed the need for and importance of follow-up action on the conclusions and recommendations of the First Consultation, including the possibility of convening a second consultation on the same subject.

- 27 -

III. REPORT OF THE WORKING GROUP ON ISSUE 1: PROBLEMS OF APPRAISINGAND MATCHING THE DEMAND FOR AND SUPPLY OF TRAINING FOR

INDUSTRY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

95. The UNIDO secretariat presented Issue 1, and then the Working Group considered the four subparagraphs (a), (b), ÿc) and (d) of paragraph 66 in the Issues Paper (ID/WG.381/1).

Presentation by the UNIDO secretariat

96. The representative of the secretariat introduced Issue I and discussed the components of demand, which had three dimensions. Training requirements result from the difference between the levels required for the demand for training and the existing levels.

97. The first dimension concerned the initial level of vocational training, the nature of industrial projects and the objectives pursued.

98. The second dimension concerned differences in and the changing nature of work. He discussed the need for specialized sectoral training, which could be reduced through a reduction of the technological complexity of projects, and the market for training activities and the need to increase its transparency.

99. The third dimension concerned the co-ordination of the technical andindustrial system with the national educational system. Four levels of education might be considered: baric, technical and vocational, basicpractical training and specialized sectoral training. Differences in the content of work between sectors and production systems were also discussed as well as effects on employment of new developments, e.g., the introduction of micro-processors.

100. On the basis of that analysis, the Issues Paper contained proposals and methods for increasing information and the decision-making capacity of the developing countries and improving the organization of international co-operation with the developed countries.

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1Summary of discussions

In view of developing countries' over-all objective to become technologically self-sufficient and master their industrialization process, to what extent would it be useful to draw up broad guidelines to illustrate how such an objective might be attained? (Issues Paper, paragraph 66(a)).

101. Several participants felt that the objective of technological self-sufficiency for the developing countries was difficult if not impossible to attain, and that even the industrialized countries were interdependent from a technological standpoint. They suggested that it was better to speak of a reduction of technological dependence.

102. A number of participants acknowledged the need for guidelines to assist developing countries to reach their objective of technological self-sufficiency. It was however considered necessary that any guidelines take account of the different situations in various countries. A representative of UNIDO referred to a study undertaken on guidelines.

1C3. The IAEA observer referred to the publication of the Guidebock on Manpower Development for Nuclear Power, which gave information on and a methodology for determining manpower requirements and manpower development programmes.

104. Many participants pointed to the need for a methodology to identify requirements in both quantitative and qualitative terms. Some participants stated that those training needs could be defined on the basis of industrialization and manpower planning, including the drawing up of an inventory of manpower requirements and availability. Others felt, however, that such a planning process was not suitable given the rapid evolvement of technology. One participant underlined that private companies in industrial countries had long-term experiences and proven models of industrial training designed for projects in developing countries that could be integrated into the broader training policy efforts of those countries.

A

- 29 -

105. An observer of Che ILO Governing Council pointed out that there should be closer links between employment and training within the framework of a

number of participants took the view that it was necessary, to that end, to strengthen national employment and training services and co-ordination between them.

106. They also suggested that units at national and regional levels for monitoring entry into working life should be strengthened or, if they did not already exist, established.

107. A number of participants emphasized that the training component was often neglected in technology-transfer operations and recommended that criteria be established to evaluate the success of that component.

108. Several participants emphasized the importance of the training of trainers. One participant highlighted the need for training development officers who could determine training requirements, plan training systems, carry out the training and evaluate the results.

109. One participant pointed out that attention should also be given to ways and means of motivating the trainees, while several participants stressed the importance of management training.

To what extent can the methodology for analysing technological complexity constitute a supplementary instrument for planners in organizing national training in relation to different levels of technological complexity? To what extent can this meth ' ’ ' be tested in developing countries?

110. A representative of the UNIDO secretariat discussed its efforts to

goods sector, used to determine the content and teaching modules needed for the transition from one technological level to the next. Currently 47 teaching modules were being prepared, 23 of which were intended for workers, 15 for technicians and 9 for engineers. Depending on the level of technology, new modules might be necessary, while some were retained and

general policy of promoting human resources and economic development. A

(Issues Paper,paragraph

utilize the method of analysis of technological complexity in the capital

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others made more complex. The study concerned the first three technological levels in a scale of six of the capital goods industry. The modules related to 45 items distributed at four levels: planning of theproduct, preparation of the work, production and management of the enterprise.

111. Pointing out that the research was still at an experimental stage, the representative of the secretariat said that the method of analysing technological complexity in the capital goods sector had been tested in Algeria and was now operational. It had been based on the analysis of a sample of 308 groups of machines for which technological inputs had been identified. Those included 80 variables and 6 possible technological levels. A rating system permitted classification of the machines and equipment according to the technological complexity of their manufacture.It had proved possible to draw numerous conclusions regarding the identification of the most important variables at the different levels. It had also been possible to envisage a choice of entry level to the industry and of different development strategies according to technological level.

112. Following that presentation various participants expressed their interest in the research undertaken. However, the lack of reference material in the documents distributed for the Consultation made it difficult to reach a conclusion as to the feasibility of using that method of analysing technological complexity to determine educational content. UNIDO had thei re been asked to publicise its work, and it was hoped that UNIDO would continue its research in that field.

To what extent is the setting-up of co-ordinating mechanisms in developed and developing countries considered potentially useful for the organization of information, thereby facilitating the appraising and matching of the demand for and supply of training for industry in developing countries? (Issues Paper, paragraph 66(c)).

113. Many participants recognized the need for co-ordinating mechanisms in the field of manpower training. It should be left to each country to decide on the form of such mechanisms on the basis of existing structures and training systems. Some participants pointed out that co-ordination could pose some problems because of the overlapping of responsibilities of governmental bodies.

- 31 -

114. Some participants stated that the co-ordinating mechanisms should act as centres for the collection and dissemination of information on training needs and opportunities. Those mechanisms should also diagnose the training capacities of developing countries. One participant felt that such co-ordinating mechanisms should not be relied on to establish contact between buyers and suppliers of training. Other participants underlined that there was no standard method of identifying training needs as those differed depending on the nature and complexity of the technology used, the size of the enterprise, the employment structure, levels of education etc.

115. Several participants considered it important to make policy makers and managers aware of the necessity of developing a national commitment to such mechanisms in order to meet their manpower requirements. The need for linking information systems and for exchanging experiences on an international level was also pointed out. In that connection, a number of developed countries described the initiatives they had taken to gather information on training that could be made available to developing countries.

In which way can international organizations, and notably UNIDO, ILO and UNESCO, contribute towards the strengthening of developing countries' national training systems and the establishment •>{ co-ordinating mechanisms in developing countries? (Issues Paper, paragraph 66(d)).

116. Many participants emphasized the role of international organizations, particularly UNIDO, ILO and UNESCO, in the identification of future manpower training requirements, in the setting-up of national and regional mechanisms aimed at improving co-ordination and in the adaptation of educational and training systems to industrialization plans. Some participants added that assistance in developing manpower training programmes should be given by such organizations.

117. One participant suggested that UNIDO should prepare a directory of the available training resources in developing countries. In that connection, another participant mentioned his organization's research-based activities in preparing various catalogues on training institutions and facilities and said that a document on the availability of industrial training facilities was to be prepared for the use of developing countries.

32

118. A few participants mentioned that the international organizations should promote and encourage research as a means to improve the quality of training and they emphasized the need to create a network of specialist! in developing and developed countries.

119. The developing countries pointed out the tremendous need for all types >

of resources, particularly financial and technological in order to meettheir requirements for industrial training and the impossibility of fulfilling them with their own current resources in that area. That situation implied a special effort at the national and international levels and a need for greater co-operation from developed countries and international organizations. The countries in process of development asked the developed countries to understand the reality of that in all its dimensions, human and technical. Certain participants mentioned the need for making available additional financial resources by developed countries to those organizations to enable them to strengthen and carry out technical assistance programmes to developing countries in the field of industrial manpower training.

120. A number of participants emphasized that it was important that UNESCO should pursue programmes intended to strengthen the links between general education and the world of work in view of the importance that education should have as the basis of all training at any level.

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IV. REPORT OF THE WORKING GROUP ON ISSUE 2: CO-OPERATION ARRANGEMENTSFOR THE ACQUISITION OF TECHNOLOGY IN INDUSTRY

BY THE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

Presentation by the UNIDO secretariat

121. A representative of the secretariat, who had prepared a study (UNIDO/PC.54) on the policies of export credit agencies with regard to financing the training component of an industrial project, introduced the financing of co-operation in industrial training. She stated that exporters had not, until recently, included finance for training with the sale of plant. When they sought finance to do so, resistance was encountered on the part of export credit agencies. She indicated that sometimes the purchasers did not give the necessary importance to the training component and, therefore, do not insist on including training within the project design. Furthermore, it was suggested that in large projects with many components the purchaser should himself name a bank in order to have a competent adviser for putting together the necessary finance.

122. In her view, the training component should be financed on softer terms than those for the hardware.

Summary of discussions

Financing of co-operation in industrial training

123. In connection with the various points, a participant noted that the study carried out in five developed countries showed that, despite some disparities, industrial training linked with the construction of industrial units was generally financed by export credit agencies.

124. Several participants then attempted to distinguish two major types of training contract;

(a) Training may form part of an industrial contract; in that case, if provision were made for the investment in training from the beginning of the project, it was generally financed;

- 34 -

(b) Training might be completely distinct from the industrial contract; in that case, particular terms were necessary.

125. Several participants requested that, in the latter case, more favourable financing terms should be sought, training being treated as an investment in infrastructure.

I

126. One participant stressed the importance accorded by multilateral funds to some regional projects. In that field, particular consideration of the problems of the least developed of the developing countries, including small countries, was generally recommended by the participants.

127. Some participants stressed the importance of exploring the possibilities of mixed financing arrangements associating development assistance and export credit.

Desirability of long-term co-operation arrangements

123. Many speakers were of the view that long-term co-operation arrangements were an acceptable method in the provision of industrial training and the transfer of technology. They also recognized that potential partners might include bilateral as well as multilateral sources.

129. One participant noted that the time limit of such arrangements should be sufficiently long, while another participant reckoned that such arrangements should be flexible in nature with provision for periodic updating and review.

130. Although some participants were of the view that there was a lack of co-ordination between suppliers of training as well as between developing country recipients, such co-ordination could be attempted.

131. A few participants noted that where agreements were of a commercial character or were not effectively linked to projects, it might be difficult to establish long-term arrangements. One participant said that it was difficult to enunciate a single set of principles to cover a potentially wide range of situations.

i

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Improvement of contractual relations

132. Some participants noted that industrial training should not be treated as a separate activity but should be integrated with the industrial development and employment policies of each country.

133. Some parti_ipants reconmended that the training needs of the developing countries should be identified, taking into account their level of development, industrial structure and over-all development objectives.

134. It was proposed by a participant that assistance should be given in the training of national human resources planners or specialists capable of integrating the available human resources in the development projects of the country concerned.

135. One participant felt that the duration of training projects was usually insufficient to meet the objectives that had been set.

136. A study had been prepared by UNIDO on technological complexity. It was noted by one participant that that might be useful in the definition of training needs, in line with specific levels of technology.

137. Some participants noted that training was one of the essential components of a contract for the implementation of an industrial project, just as much as equipment, materials and personnel.

133. It was proposed by a few participants that efforts should be made to clarify the wording of contracts in order to specify the contractual obligations of the parties so that each party knew what undertakings it was making and what its rights were. In that connection, it was felt that the parties concerned should retain complete freedom of negotiation and that no burdensome constraints should be imposed.

139. Stress was laid on the need to realistically estimate the costs of training.

36

Co-operation between developing countries

140. Many participants felt that the potential for industrial co-operation between developing countries was far from being fully utilized. A participant stated that before approaching industrialized countries for assistance or co-operation, developing countries should use the existing capacities of economic co-operation between developing countries to the greatest extent. In that respect, one participant emphasized that, providing there was a strong will, developing countries could considerably expand their mutual co-operation.

141. Some participants pointed out that an important prerequisite for such co-operation was the proper identification and assessment of the training requirements of the developing countries concerned and their periodic updating. Another participant referred to an earlier proposal for closer co-operation between developing countries in the field of research and design.

142. Some participants pointed out the urgent need for financial support from developed countries to promote co-operation between developing countries. It was felt that tripartite arrangements could be used for that purpose. Yet another participant noted that the developed countries could play a catalytic role in promoting such co-operation. One participant pointed out that while some countries supported co-operation between developing countries in principle, they needed to do more by giving material support. The same participant referred to the difficulties faced by some developing countries in placing trainees in other developing countries, owing to inadequate financial arrangements.

143. An observer noted that a group of developed countries was providing substantial assistance to support co-operation between many developing countries. In that context a participant pointed out the efforts of his country to promote on-the-spot training on a subregional basis.

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Role of international organizations

144. The representative of ILO proposed that consortia meetings with some parallels to the meetings organized in the United Nations system in favour of the least developed of the developing countries could be convened at the request of an individual country or a group of countries to discuss the problems of industrial training in their countries. Those meetings could be prepared according to the training needs identified to cover either selected industrial branches or the industrial sector as a whole. The objective would be to deal with industrial training at the micro- or macro-level with a short-term or long-term perspective, and at appropriate skill levels. Such meetings might lead to increased flows of resources for training since it was possible that participants include those active in the industrial training area. However, the minimum outcome of such meetings would be an exchange of information and experience as well as specific proposals for future activities.

145. Several participants strongly supported that proposal, indicating its advantages. One participant expressed support for the proposal provided that resources arising from that new activity would be additional to existing technical assistance resources.

146. A participant stated that international organizations could play an important role in devising mechanisms for the exchange of information and the placing of fellowships; assisting in the education of training development officers (trainers whose specialist function was to link a training organization and industry); evaluation "cascade systems" of training (training key personnel who in turn train others); and exploring action-based management development (training of managers through controlled experience in real conditions).

147. Another participant mentioned the important role of co-ordinating numerous meetings on training in the United Nations system and said the regional commissions had also an important role to play.

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148. Another participant noted that the facilities existing in selected national training institutions should be used for international training activities for the benefit of developing countries.

149. A participant stated that mastery of the industrialization process by the developing countries should be considered as very important. For that purpose UNIDO, in co-operation with other international organizations as appropriate, should carry out studies aimed at finding optimal solutions for training researchers, designers etc., in categories connected with industry.

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Annex I

LIST OF PARTICIPANTS

Afghanistan

Abdul Qayum Samander, Director-General, Industries Department, State Committee of Planning, Kabul.

Algeria

Mohamed Gouicem, Sous-directeur, Méthodes et programmes, Ministère de la formation professionnelle, Rue Farid Zouiouche, Kouba, Alger

Said Toumi, Membre du Conseil national de l'Union générale des travailleurs algériens (UGTA), Maison du peuple, Alger

Tsamina Senoussi, Sous-directeur, Formation et perfectionnement, Minisstère de l'industrie lourde, Immeuble le Colisée, Alger

Angola

Antonio Martins, National Director, Training Department, Ministry of Industry, P.0. Box 935, Luanda

Argentina

Ariel Ricardo Mansi, Alternate Permanent Representative of the Republic of Argentina, Goldschmiedgasse 2/1, A-1010 Vienna, Austria

Australia

Leo Dobes, Third Secretary, Australian Department of Foreign Affairs, Australian Embassy, Bonn, Federal Republic of Germany

Austria

Franz Karl Rieger, Director, Division for Technical Co-operation with Developing Countries, Federal Economic Chamber, Rotenturmstrasse 16-18, A-1010 Vienna

Peter Zehndorfer, Director, Training Centre for International Technical Co-operation, Guntramsdorferstrasse 10a, 2340 Modling

Erich Wendl, Training Manager, Centre for Technical Co-operation, Guntramsdorferstrasse 10a, 2340 Modling

Winfried Bammer, Training officer, Voest Alpine AG, P.O.Box 2, A-4010 Linz

!

*

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Bahrain

Saeed Sayed Ahmed, Director, Directorate of Manpower Development,Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs, P.O.Box 753, Manama

Hassan Mohamed Zain Al Abedin, Employer's Delegate, Bahrain Chamber of Commerce and Industry, P.O.Box 5805, Manama

>Belgium

Gaston Levecq, Premier attaché, Administration générale de la coopération au développement (AGCD), 5 place du Champ de Mars, 1050 Bruxelles

Herman Selderslaghs, Conseiller-adjoint au Conseil Central de l'Economie, avenue de la Joyeuse Entrée 17-21, 1040 Bruxelles

Robert Thonnard, Director, Training and Co-operation, F.N. Herstal, rue en Bois 63, 4400 Herstal

Benin

Dossou Cyprien Lokossou, Directeur des études et planification, Ministère de l'industrie, des mines et de l'énergie, Cotonou

Brazil

Paulo Afonso Horta Novaes, Technical Consultant, Servico Nacional de Aprendizagem Industrial (SENAI), Departamento Nacional, Av. Nilo Pecanha, 50/27° andar, Rio de Janeiro

Bulgaria

Georgi Georgiev, Vice President, Technoimport, Fr. Joliot Küry Str. 20, Sofia

Tzviatko Bogolanov, Economies Attaché, Embassy of Bulgaria, Am Büchel 17a, 5300 Bonn 2, Federal Republic of Germany

Central African Republic

Ferdinand Mayovodé, Directeur du développement industriel, Ministère de l'industrie et du commerce, B.P. 865, Bangui

Saleh Aboukhar, Directeur général de l'Organisation nationale interprofessionnelle de formation et de perfectionnement (ONIFOP), Ministère de la fonction publique, travail et de la sécurité sociale,B.P. 1744, Bangui.

Chad

Mbaitougaro Madlougar, Directeur de l'industrie, Ministère de léconomie et du commerce, B.P. 424, Ndjamena

- 41

China

Fue Xijie, Adviser to the Permanent Representative jf the People's Republic of China, Metternichgasse 4, 1030 Vienna, Austria

Colombia

Juan C. Uribe-Posada, Consejero Econòmico y Tecnològico, Embajada de fColombia, Victoria Strasse 5, 5300 Bonn 2, Federal Republic of Germany

Congo

Jean-Pierre Mazonga, Directeur de l'Emploi, de la main-d'oeuvre et de la formation professionnelle (DEMOFPA), B.P. 2006, Brazzaville

Cuba

Humberto de Horto, Consejero Económico en la RFA y Benelux, Oficina Económica Bélgica, Embajada de Cuba, Av. Princesse Paola 12a, 1180 Bruselas, Bélgica

Cyprus

Lia Mylona, Director, Industrial Training Authority, P.0. Box 5431, Nicosia

Czechoslovakia

Jaro«lav Kares, Head of Section, Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs, hdko H5ni 4, Prague 2

Jaroslav Schejbal, Head, International Co-operation Department, Techno-Economic Institute for Heavy Engineering, Prague

Antonin Trachta, Vice-President, Polytechna, National Recreation Centre, Technical Co-operation Agency, Prague 1

Democratic Yemen

Hussain A. Mackawi, Director of Administration and Finance, Ministry of Industry, Hai Alsfalafi, Wahdet, Attaqudom Crater, Aden

Egypt

Mahmoud Sami Darwish, Under-Secretary of State, Ministry of Industry. Garden City, Cairo

Mohamed Ahmed Roushdy, Under-Secretary, Productivity and Vocational Training Department, Ministry of Industry and Mineral Wealth, Garden City, Cairo

Abdel Fattah Ibrahim Mitwaly, General Manager of Training in Egyptian Iron and Steel Co., 42 Ahmed Mokhtour Higazy, Elmanyal, Cairo

Hassan Mohamed Hassan, Fédération des travailleur egytiens, 12 Gawad Hasni Street, Cairo

*

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Ethiopia

Tadesse Terrefe, Ambassador to the United Nations in Geneva, 56 rue de Moillebeau, 1211 Geneva 19, Switzerland

Finland

Pentti Hendrik Rauhala, Bureau Chief, National Board of Vocational Education, Hayaniemenkath 2, 00530 Helsinki 53

France

Gérard Biraud, Chargé de mission, Délégation interministerielle pour la coopération et l'aide au développement, 35 rue St. Dominique,75007 Paris, France

Hervé Bolot, Direction des Nations Unies et des organisations internationales, Ministère des relations extérieures, 37 quai d'Orsay, 75007 Paris

Claude Belleville, Direction de l'assistance technique, SOLMER,13776 Fos sur Mer, Cedex

Lila Canterini, Ingénieur de formation, Centre d'études supérieures industrielles (CESI), 21 rue des Plantes, Paris

Gabriel Coron, Chef de service, Coopération technique, Fédération des industries électriques et électroniques, 17 rue Hamelin, 75016 Paris

Paul Di Rosa, Conseiller du Directeur général, Formation internationale aéronautique et spatiale, 11 rue Galilée 75016 Paris

Alain Jablon, Direction générale des télécommunications, Ministère des P.T.T., 20 avenue de Ségur, 75700 Paris

André Lejeune, Directeur général adjoint de l'Agence pour la coopération technique industrielle et économique (ACTIM), 64-66 rue Pierre Charron, 75008 Paris

Jean Migeon, Secrétaire général, C0FRANSID, 5bis rue de Madrid,B.P. 707-08, 75367 Paris

Jean-Claude Pirot, Chargé de mission, Directeur générale, Association nationale pour la formation professionnelle des adultes (A.F.P.A.), 13 place de Villiers, 93108 Montreuil (Ministre délégué auprès du Premier Ministre chargé de l'emploi)

Michèle Sauteraud, Deuxième secrétaire de la France auprès de l'ONUDI, Walfischgasse 1 (1er étage), A-1010 Vienne, Autriche

Jean Tardiveau, Inspecteur général, Sciences et techniques industrielles, Ministère de l'éducation nationale, Centre de formation des professeurs techniques (C.F.P.T.), 61 avenue du Président Wilson, 94230 Cachan

Eric Trottman, Administrateur civil, Délégation à l'emploi, Ministère chargé de l'emploi, 55 avenue Bosquet, 75007 Paris

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Gabon

Martin Nzoughe, Délégué ministériel, Ministère du Travail, Libreville

Malola-Ma-Mbadouma, Directeur adjoint de la formation professionnelle, B.P. 3010, Libreville

Innocent Ntchindianogo-Rerambyah, Secrétaire confédéral, Fédération syndicale gabonaise, Libreville

German Democratic Republic

Martin Breetzmann, Institute for Economy of Developing Countries, University of Economic Science, Berlin

Winfried Purgand, Research Officer, State Secretariat of Vocational Education, Leipziger Strasse, 1080 Berlin

Germany, Federal Republic of

Richard Weidle, Weidleplan Consulting GmbH, Maybachstrasse 33, 7000 Stuttgart

Klaus Rachwalsky, Managing Director, Carl Duisberg Geselschaft (CDG), Hohenstaufenring 30-32, 5000 Cologne 1

Rudolf Amthauer, Director, Training and Education Department,Hoechst AG, P.O.Box 80 03 20, 6230 Frankfurt/Main 80

Lorant Balogh, Chief Engineer, Hahn and Kolb Engineering, Herdweg 111, Stuttgart

Manfred H. Bari£, Daimler-Benz AG, P.0. Box 202, 7000 Stuttgart

Peter E. Bibus, German Agency for Technical Co-operation, P.O.Box 5180, 6236 Eschborn 1

Detlef Bishoff, Director of Branch Office Baden Wiirttemberg, Konigstrasse IB, Stuttgart

Herbert Burk, Director, German Foundation of International Development, Occupational Promotion, Centre Mannheim, Kathe-Kollwitz-Strasse 15,6800 Mannheim 1

Carl Hermann Eitel, Technische Ausbildungsleitung der Westfalischen Metallindustrie KG, Hueck and Co., 4780 Lippstadt

Friedhelm H. Franz, Manager, Company Management, Gesellschaft filr Systemtechnik mbH, Am Westbahnhof 2, 4300 Essen 1

Ewald Gold, German Agency for Technological Co-operation (GTZ) GmbH, P.O.Box 5180, 6236 Eschborn 1

Joachim Haniel, Minister-Counsellor, Bundesministerium fiir wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit, Karl-Me^x-Strasse 4-6, 5300 Bonn

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Germany, Federal Republic of (continued)

Helga Herrmann, Referent, Oberlander Ufer 84-86, Koln 51

Rolf Hochreiter, Oberregierungsrat, Bundesministerium fur Wirtschaft, Villemomblerstrasse 76, 5300 Bonn

Siegbert Holderried, Technical Director, PRINTPROMOTION, Lyonerstr. 18, Frankfurt/Main

Vollrath Hopp, Professor, Head of the advance-training department, Hoechst AG, P.O.Box 80 03 20, 6230 Frankfurt/Main 80

Heinrich Lehne, Counsellor and Alternate Permanent Representative of the Federal Republic of Germany to the International Organizations in Vienna, Metternichgasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria

August Wilhelm Maria Leitzbach, Deputy Director of Department of Industrial Training, Carl-Duisberg-Gesellschaft e.V. (CDG),Hohenstaufenring 30-32, 5000 Cologne 1

Volker Lenhart, Professor for Pedagogy at Ruprecht-Kar1-University Heidelberg, Ruprecht-Karl-University, Akademiestrasse 3,6900 Heidelberg 1

Theo Lennartz, Director, Training and Education Department,Kloecknei— Humboldt-Deutz AG, Deutz-MUlheimer-Strasse 111,5000 Cologne 21

Heidrun Lotz, Bildungsreferentin, Berufsfortbildungswerk des DgB, 4000 Düsseldorf

Werner Lutz, General Manager, Chief Executive of the Chamber of Small-scale Industries, Handwerkskammer Stuttgart, Heilbronnerstrasse 43, 7000 Stuttgart 1

Karl Rudolf Maurer, Managing Director, Hahn and Kolb, Konigstrasse 14, 7000 Stuttgart 1

Jan H. Mayer, Kreditanstalt fur Wiederaufbau, Palmengartenstrasse 5-9, 6000 Frankfurt/Main

Kurt Mayer, Oberstudiendirektor, Headmaster of Training Centre, Wilhelm-Maybach-School, Gnesenerstrasse 44, 7000 Stuttgart 50

Reinhold Mayerle, Ministerialdirigent, Department of Economic Affairs, Vocational Trailing and Medium and Small-sized Industries, Ministry of Economics Baden-Württemberg, Theodor-Heuss-Strasse 4, 7000 Stuttgart 1

Volker P. Meyringer, Technology Training Section, Dornier GbraH,P.O.Box 14 20, 7990 Friedrichshafen 1

Gerold Muller-Dahl, Regierungsdirektor, Department for Co-operation with Developing Countries, Ministry of Economics Baden-Württemberg, Theodor-Heuss-Strasse 4, 7000 Stuttgart 1

- 45 -

Germany, Federal Republic of (continued)

Joachim Munch, Professor at University Kaiserslautern co-operating with DSE/ZGB on Vocational Training Systems, University Kaiserslautern,Pfaffenbergstrasse 95, 6750 Kaiserslautern 1

Horst Otto, Referent, Vocational Training, Zentralverband des deutscen Handwerks, Johanniterstrasse 1, 5300 Bonn 1

Gotz Pflieger, Division Manager for Instruction Systems, FESTO DIDACTIC GmbH, 7300 Esslingen-Berkheim

Blanca L. Rau-Mentzen, Bundesministeriura fiir Uirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit, Karl-Marx-Strasse 9-6, D-5300 Bonn 1

Harald Richter, Director, Training and Education Department, Bayer AG, 5090 Leverkusen

Gunther Seibt, Personnel and Training Manager, Liirssen Werft GbmH and Co., P.O.Box 70 05 60, Friedrich-Klippert-Strasse 1, 2820 Bremen 70

Rolf Seisser, Deputy Managing Director of VDMA, Lyonerstrasse 18, 6000 Frankfurt/Main 71

Gerald Sohlemann, Trainee-Ausbildung der Commerzbank AG, P.O.Box 2534, 6000 Frankfurt/Main

Johannes Heinz Schlaghecke, Deputy Executive Director, Carl-Duisberg- Centren GmbH, Hansaring 49-51, 5000 Cologne 1

Kurt Sc'nliesser, Director of Technical Training and Education, BASF Aktiengesellschaft, 6700 Ludwigshafen/Rhein

Karl Stiitzle, Oberstudiendirektor, Former Director of the German Foundation of International Development, Occupational Promotion, Centre Mannheim, Am Hang 2, 6941 Weinheim-Rittenmeier

Edward Ternes, Oberregierungsrat, Bundesministerium fiir Arbeit und Sozialordnung. 5300 Bonn

Konrad Weitz, RKW Nordrhein-Westfalen, Sohnstrasse 70, 4000 Düsseldorf

Reinhard Wicher, Zentralstelle für Arbeitsvermittlung, Feuerbachstrasse 42, 6000 Frankfurt 1

Adolf Zick, Director, BSZ Leonberg

Guatemala

Edgar Alvarado, Gerente, Instituto Técnico de Capacitación y Productividad (INTECAP), Calle Mateo Flores 7-51, Zona 5, Ciudad de Guatemala

- 46 -

Hungary

Antal Schmidt, Deputy Director-General, Organization for International, Technical and Scientific Co-operation (TESCO), Rosenberg Hzaspar u.21, 1054 Budapest

India

Joseph Pallikara John, Director, Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, 110016

Indonesia

Achmad Slamet, Senior Official, Ministry of Industry, Jakarta

Ajub Junus, Industrial Attache, Indonesian Embassy, Bernkastelerstr. 2, 5300 Bonn 2, Federal Republic of Germany

Iran (Islamic Republic of)

Seyed Hossein Hashemi, Director General of Education and Systems Organization, Ministry of Industry, Teheran

Hassan Zargar Tizzabi, Managing Director of Training Department, Bank of Industry and Mine, Teheran

Seyed Mehdi Moussavi Pour, Expert for the Minister's Office (Education), Ministry of Industry, Teheran

Ireland

Michael Foley, Manager, Development Corporation Division, Industrial Development Authority

Simon Oliver Deasy, ANC0, Industrial Training Authority, Baggot Street, Dublin 4

Brian Keane, Manager, Training and Consultancy Services, ANC0, Industrial Training Authority, Baggot Street, Dublin 4

Israel

Moshe Monia Admati, Director, Workers' Conanittees and Working Places, Trade Unions Department,Uziel St. 14, Ramat Gam

Moshe Schreiber, District Manager, Vocational Training in the Haifan Northern Area, Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs, 82 Azmaut St. Haifa

- 47

Italy

Franco Salvatori, United Trade Union Federation CGIL-CISL-UIL, Corso d'ltalia 25, P.O.Box 00198, Rome

Paolo Grossi, Manager, Relations with International Organizations,COMERINT Spa, Viale arte 68, Rome

IMassimo Pautrier, Technical Service head, COMERINT, Viale Arte 68, Rome

Japan

Yuzo Kumakura, Planning Department Manager, Association for Overseas Technical Scholarship, Bunkyo-ku, Honkomagome 2-12-13, Tokyo

Teruji Sakiyama, Director for Training, International Development Center of Japan, Shuwa Toranomon Bldg. No. 2, 21-19 Toranomon 1, Chorae Minato-Ku, Tokyo 105

Lesotho

Palesa Sebilo, Administrative Secretary, Ministry of Trade, Industry and Tourism, P.0. Box 747, Maseru

Tsenso Sekantsi, Alternate Representative, Embassy of Lesotho, Godesberger Allee 50, 5300 Bonn 2, Federal Republic of Germany

Madagascar

Rodolphe Rambahiniarison, Premier conseiller, Ambassade de Madagascar à Bonn, B.P. 188, Rolandstrasse 48, 5300 Bonn-Bad Godesberg, République fédérale d'Allemagne

Malawi

Michael Dickson Sagawa, Principal Industrial Development Officer, Ministry of Trade and Industry, P.O.Box 30366, Lilongwe 3

Malta

Frederick Fearne, Education Officer, Education Office, Valetta

Nepal

Indu Shumsher Thapa, Senior Engineer, Ministry of Industry,Tripureswar, Kathmandu

Netherlands

Christian Smolders, Civil Servant, D.G. ARBVO, Visseringlaan 26, Ryswyk

Hendrijus van der Waerden, Representative, Van der Bunt Consultants, Buitenveldertse Laan 158, Amsterdam

Henri Dohmen, Vice-President, ESTS-Hoogovens, Kesslerplein, Ymuiden

- 48 -

Niger

Moussa Elhadj Adam, Chef de Division "Industrie et artisanat", Ministère des mines et des industries, B.P. 720, Niamey

Nigeria

Ezekiel Olarewaju Fatiregun, Chairman, Training and Education Committee, Nigeria Employers Consultative Association, c/o Lever Brothers Nigeria Ltd., 15 Dockyard Road, Apapa

Dennis Ezenwoke Nnabuginu Adindu, Principal Training Development Officer, Industrial Training Fund, Jos

John Enas Dubre, Deputy President, Nigeria Labour Congress, 25 Onitano Road, Surulere, Lagos

Alex Segun Ojerinola, Adviser to the Permanent Representative, Embassy of Nigeria, Ungargasse 46, 1030 Vienna, Austria

Norway

Odd Kvilekval, Head, Department of Education, Synnoeves vei 15, N-6400 Molde

Arne Aure, Director, Employers Organization, Kristian Augustsgt. 23, Oslo 1

Panama

Karl Berner, Head of Administration, Consulate of Panama, Loichingerstrasse 15, 8 Munich 60, Federal Republic of Germany

loland

Aurelia Gugala, Specialist in Foreigners' Vocational Training Section, Ministry of Labour, Wages and Social Affairs, ul. Nowogrodzka 1/3, Warsaw

Portugal

Carlos Borges Floréncio, Director, Laboratòrio Nacional de Engenharia e Tecnologia Industrial, Centro de Formacao Tècnica, Ministério da Industria, Rua Filipe Folque 2-60 Dto, 1000 Lisbon

Republic of Korea

Shin-Sung Kang, Counsellor, Permanent Mission of Korea in Geneva, 75 rue de Lyon, 1203 Geneva, Switzerland

Chang-Beom Cho, First Secretary, Embassy of the Republic of Korea to the International Organizations in Vienna, Reisnerstrasse 48, 1030 Vienna

- 49 -

Romania

Constantin Stefanescu, Directeur, Centre international pour le perfectionnement des cadres dirigeants de l'économie et de l'administration publique (CEPECA), 20 Chaussée Odai, B.P. 108, Bucarest.

Saudi Arabia

Fahad Suleiman Al-Mazyad, Director-General, Vocational Training, Riyadh

Hussein Ishak Dahlawi, Deputy Director of the Royal Technical Institute, Riyadh

Somalia

Abdillahi Said Osman, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, Permanent Representative of the Somali Democratic Republic to UNIDO, 9-11, rué de Valais, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland

Spain

Enrique Suárez de Puga, Embajador, Representante Permanente de España ante los Organismos y Agencias Internacionales, Reichsratsstrasse 11, 1010 Viena, Austria

José Luis Benitez Domenech, Ministerio de Industria y Energía, Paseo de la Castellana 160, Madrid

Fernando Díaz Pividal, Director, Programas de Formación, Escuela de Organización Industrial (MINER), Gregorio del Amo 6, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid

Miguel Alcalá Colombri, Jefe Servicio Ordenación Profesorado,Ministerio de Educación y Ciencias, Paseo del Prado 28, Madrid

Simenón Fernández de Pedro, Jefe, Ordenación Académica de Formación Profesional, Dirección Gral Enseñanzas Medias, Ministerio de Educación, Paseo del Prado 28, Madrid

Teodomiro Velazco Garcia, Jefe de Cooperación Internacional, Instituto Nacional de Empleo, Condesa de Venadito 9, Madrid 27

Roberto Puerta Caniago, Instituto Nacional de Empleo, Condesa de Venadito 9, Madrid

José Antonio Mesa, Subdirección General Relaciones Internacionales, Ministerio de Trabajo y Seguridad Social, Goya 5, Madrid

Guillermo Garrón Montero, Asesor Coordinador de Formación, Instituto de Mediana y Pequeña Industrial, Ministerio de Industria y Energia,Agustín de Foxa 29-6a, Madrid 16

Luis-Angel Domínguez Sol, Secretario General, Empresa SERC0BE, Jorge Juan 47, Madrid 1

50

Sri Lanka

Punchi Banda Dasanayake, Secretary, Ministry of Labour, 7 Maurice Place, Colombo 5

Sudan

Ibrahim Ahmed Hamra, Ambassador, Alternate Permanent Representative of Sudan to UNIDO in Geneva, 56, rue de Moillebeau, 1211 Geneva 19, Switzerland

Amal Sid Ahmed Ismail, Deputy Director, Training Department, P.0. Box 2184, Ministry of Industry, Khartoum

Sweden

Ingemar Lindskoug, Assistant Head of Division, The National Swedish Board of Education, 10642 Stockholm

Karl-Magnus Hektor, Director, Swedish Employers Organization,P.0. Box 5510, S-114 85 Stockholm

Ove Aslund, Secretary, Swedish Wood Industry Workers Union,P.O.Box 1152, S-lll 81 Stockholm

Switzerland

Hans Konrad Ziist, Troisième secrétaire, Ambassade du Suisse, Gotenstrasse 156, D-5300 Bonn 2, République Fédérale d'Allemagne

Thailand

Chalin Amondharm, Deputy Director-General, Department of Labour,Bangkok

Wisahn Tengamnuay, Dean, Faculty of Business Administration, Ramkhaohaeng University, Bangkok

Kesha Lavanyawatana, Director, Institute for the Development of Educational Technology in Technical Education, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology, P.0. Box 8/17, Bang Sue, Dusit, Bangkok

Thamnu Vasinonta, Director, Thailand Management Development and Productivity Center, Ministry of Industry. Rama 6 Rd. Bangkok 10400

Adamou Kaboua, Premier conseiller du Togo auprès de l'ONUDI, 7 place de Fontenuy, 75700 Paris, France

Tunisia

Tahar Azaiez, Secrétaire général, Ministère des affaires sociales, Tunis

- 5 1 -

Tunisia (continued)

Ezedine Haj-Mabrouk, Chargé d'études, de la formation et des relations extérieures, Centre national des études industrielles (CNEI), B.P. 5,Le Belvédère, Tunis

Ahmed Marrakchi, Director of National Engineers, B.P. 37, Le Belvédère, Tunis

Turkey

Selen Orsan, Head, International Industrial Relations Dept., Ministry of Industry and Technology, Ankara

Sehabettin Mormanaligil, Labour Attache, Consulate General, Hirschstrasse 29, 7 Stuttgart 1, Federal Republic of Germany

Hasan Servet Oktem, Vice Consul, Consulate General, Stuttgart, Federal Republic of Germany

Yilmaz Ayman, General Director, Industrial Training and Development Centre, Selanik CAD 16, Ankara

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

Ivan Petrovich Gureev, Head of Department for Training and Upgrading of Scientific and Technical Personnel, State Committee on Science and Technology, Gorki Str. 11, Moscow

Vladimir Mikhailovich Podshibyakin, Chief of Division, Department of International, Scientific, Technical and Economic Organizations, State Committee for Science and Technology, Gorki Str. 11, Moscow

Guennadi Emelianovich Globa, Chief of Department for Training Foreign Specialists, State Committee for Foreign Economic Relations, Ovchinnikovskaja NAB 18/11, Moscow

Margarita Petrovna Strepetova, Candidate of Economic Sciences, Academy of Sciences, Novocheremuschkinskaya 46, Moscow

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Leslie Kemp, Industrial Training Adviser, British Council, Technical Education and Training Organization for Overseas Countries (TETOC),10 Spring Gardens, London SW1A 2BN

James Patrick de Courcy Meade, Managing Director, Industrial Training Service, 73/5 Mortimer Street, London W1

United Republic of Tanzania

Emmanuel M. Hanti, Director, Industrial Training, Ministry of Industries, P.0. Box 9503, Dar-es-Salaam

- 52 -

United States of America

Carol Collotcn, Second Secretary and Alternate Permanent Ilepresentative of the United States of America to UNIDO, Kundmanngasse 21, 1030 Vienna

Martin Frame, Program Officer, Carl Duisberg Society, 425 Park Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10021

Merle E. Strong, Professor and Director, Vocational Studies Center, University of Wisconsin, 1075 West Johnson Street, Madison, Wisconsin 537G6

Upper Volta

Abdoulaye Ouedraogo, Conseiller des affaires économiques, Direction générale de l'industrie, Ministère de l'industrie, B.P. 258, Ouagadougou

Venezuela

Emilio Asapchi, Director General de Relaciones Institucionales, Instituto Nacional de Cooperación Educativa (INCE), Avenida Nueva Granada, Edificio Ince, Caracas

Zambia

Jonathan Mulunda Bowa, Counsellor, Embassy of the Republic of Zambia to UNIDO, Mittelstracse 39, 5300 Bonn-Bad Godesberg, Federal Republic of Germany

Organizations of the United Nations syst* .

Economic Commission for Africa (ECA)

Crispin Grey-Johnson, Economic Affairs Officer, Manpower Division, P.O.Box 3001, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)

Frances Mautner-Markhof, Nuclear Power Division, Vienna International Centre, P.0. Box 100, 1400 Vienna, Austria

International Labour Organisation (ILO)

Governing Body

Marwan Nasr, Executive Secretary, Association of Lebanese Industrialists, P.0. Box 1520, Beirut, Lebanon

Papa Ibrahima Ndao, Chef de la Division des études à la Direction de l'emploi, B.P. 4007, Dakar, Sénégal

John Svenningsen, International Adviser, Danish Federation of Trade Unions, Worker member of the Governing Body, LO-Rosenorr.s Allé 12, Copenhagen, Denmark

- 53 -

International Labour Office

Surendra Kumar Jain, Deputy Director General, CH-1211 Geneva 22, Switzerland

George D. Kanawaty, Chief, Training Policies Branch, Training Department, CH-1211 Geneva 22, Switzerland

Julio Bergerie Pagadoy, Chef du Service des Politiques de Formation, CH-1211 Geneva 22, Switzerland

International Centre for Advanced Technical and Vocational Training;André Aboughanem, Director, 201 Via Ventimiglia, 10127 Turin, Italy

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)

Alan S. Goodyear, Chief, Engineering Education Section, 7 Place de Fontenoy, 75700 Paris, France

International Telecommunication Union (ITU)

Boris Fedorov, Training Officer, Technical Co-operation Department, Place des Nations, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland

Intergovernmental organizations

Arab League Educational, Cultural and Scientific Organization (ALECSO)

Ahmed Marrakchi, ALECSO Representative, B.P. 37, Le Belvédère, Tunis, Tunisia

Asian Productivity Organization (APO)

Yuji Yamada, Head, Special Assistant to Secretary-General and Head, Industry Division, 8-4-14 Akasaka, Minatoku, Tokyo, Japan

Commonwealth Secretariat

Susan Elizabeth Hyne, Economics Officer, Marlborough House, Pall Mall, London SW1Y 5HX, United Kingdom

European Economic Community (EEC)

Richard Wyatt, Administrateur, Direction générale des relations extérieures, 200 rue de la Loi, 1040 Bruxelles, Belgique

Intergovernmental Committee for Migration (ICM)

Horst Kabenicht, Chief, Department of Planning, Liaison and Research, P.O.Box 100, 1211 Geneva 19, Switzerland

- 54 -

International Centre for Public Enterprises in Developing Countries (ICPE)

Ali El Mir, Assistant Director, Titova 104, P.O. Box 27, 61109 Ljubljana, Yugoslavia

International Institute for Cotton (IIC)

A. Humberston, Director, International Relations, Kingston Road, Didsbury, Manchester

Non-governmental organizations

European Federation of National Associations of Engineers (FEANI)

Gerhard Isemaann, 4 rue de la Mission Marchand, F-75016 Paris, France

International Assiciation for the Exchange of Students for Technical Experience (IAESTE)

Karl Koechle, Director, Raemistrasse 101, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland

International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU)

Ady Camuse1, Vocational Training, rue Montagne aux Herbes Potagères 37-41, 1000 Brussels, Belgium

International Council on Archives (ICA)

Leopold Auer, Permanent Representative at Vienna International Centre, Minoritenplaz 1, 1010 Vienna, Austria

Swisscontact

Robert Jenny, Secretary-General, Bellerivestr. 44, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland

Union des producteurs, transporteurs et distributeurs d'energie électrique d'Afrique, de Madagascar et du Maurice (UPDEA)

Philippe Hoiinkpatin, Directeur général, Ecole d'ingénieurs électriciens (ESIE), B.P. 1345, Abidjan, C8te d'ivoire

World Association for Element Building and Préfabrication (WAEP)

Günther Haase, Secretary-General, Schlueterstrasse 6, D-2000 Hanburg 13, Federal Republic of Germany

World Federation of Engineering Organizations (WFEO)

Claude Herselin, Secretary-General, 19 rue Blanche, 75009 Paris, France

Michèle Lalardrie, Secretary, 19 rue Blanche, 75009 Paris, France

- 55 -

Annex II

LIST OF DOCUMENTS

Main documents

Issues Paper ID/WG.381/1Background Paper ID/WG.381/2

Information papers

Background documents

The acquisition and development of indu'trial skills ID/CONF.4/8by developing countries. Report of the secretariat of UNIDO in consultation with UNESCO and ILO

Report of the Expert Group Meeting on the Training ID/WG.341/3of Industrial Manpower

Report of the Global Preparatory Meeting for the ID/WG.354/2/Rev.1First Consultation on the Training of IndustrialManpower

Issue 1

Quantitative aspects

The UNITAD project; a world model to explore ID/SER.M/6institutional changes over the long run. (Sales no.; 81.II.B.4)Industry and Development, No. 6

Uses of the UNITAD model UNIDO/IS.305

Strengthening of national training systems

EUREQUIP. La formation de la main d'oeuvre industrielle - saproblématique, sa pratique et sa place dans les processus d'accès à la maîtrise industrielle. 1 9 8 2,

Fares, Z. Etude de cas de coopération en matière de formation -L'expérience algérienne de savoir-faire technologique par le biais de la formation industrielle. 1980.

Rappel, E. Training of manpower for the steel, petrochemicals and fertilizer industries in Brazil. 1978.

Sediono, S. Existing educational and training facilities for industrial manpower, manpower planning and practices in industrial training. 1978.

- • 56 -

Stefanescu, C. Expérience de la Roumanie dans le domaine de la formation de la main-d'oeuvre industrielle. The Stefan Gheorghiu Academy. 1982.

TETOC. Training of industrial manpower. The potential for more effective use of existing training facilities in developing countries. 1981.

TETOC. The potential for more effective use of existing trainingfacilities in developing countries: case study of industrial training inKenya. 1981.

TETOC. The potential for more effective use of existing trainingfacilities in developing countries: case study of industrial trainingin Peru. 1981.

Vidossich, F. Recursos humanos y complejidad tecnolôgica de los bienes de capital. Informe provisorio. 1982.

Technological perspectives in the machine tool industry and their implications for developing countries (UNIDO/IS.226). 1981.

Thème de discussion no.l pour la troisième Consultation sur l'industrie sidérurgique (ID/WG.374/1). 1982.

La technologie au service du développement (ID/WG.342/5). 1981.

The organization of counterpart mechanisms in developed and developing countries

CESI/SICOFEP. L'acquisition de competences industrielles par les pays en développement et la situation française de l'offre de formation. 1981.

Egorov, I.A. The experience of the USSR in the area of training local specialists from developing countries. 1980.

España, A. Modalidades de cooperación internacional entre España y América Latina y el Caribe, capacidad española en materia de formación industrial, su posible utilización y adaptación a las necesidades de los países en desarrollo y naturaleza de las relaciones contractuales.1980.

Fares, Z. Refléxions sur la fonction de coordination dans l'acquisition de formation et de savoir- faire technologique au niveau national et dans le cadre de la coopération sud-sud. 1981.

Hadjikov, G.M. The experience of the People's Republic of Bulgaria in the formation and training of Bulgarian industrial manpower. 1982.

Hógberg, B. The supply of vocational and management training in Sweden.1981.

Maneck, A. Training of specialists and executive personnel from developing countries in conjunction with the export of plant and industrial equipment.(Federal Republic of Germany). 1982.

57

Patteet, H. Formation industrielle à destination des pays en voie de développement - le potentiel de la Belgique. 1981.

Rao, K.L.K. Focal point for co-ordination of industrial training between developing countries; a proposal. 1981.

Schlaghecke, J. Training of specialist and executive personnel from developing countries in the Federal Republic of Germany. 1980.

Stevenson, W.W. Establishing a training information delivery system for developing countries: the feasibility of focal points forco-ordinating information on training available in developed countries. 1981.

TETOC. Training of industrial manpower - potential for increasing utilization of training institutions in the United Kingdom for the benefit of developing countries. 1981.

Issue IIThe possible improvement of contractual relations

Salem, M. Place et rôle de la formation industrielle dans les contrats de transfert des techniques: une approche juridique. 1980.

Salem, M. Les aspects juridiques de la formation industrielle. 1981.

The financing of co-operation in the field of training for industry

Pearce, J. Policies of export credit agencies in financing of training component of industrial projects (UNIDO/PC.54). 1982.

Co-operation between developing countries

El-Kholy, O.A. Egypt's activities and potential for CDC activities in the field of industrial manpower training. 1980.

Rao, K.L.K. Technical co-operation amongst developing countries: anassessment of industrial manpower training opportunities in India. 1980.

Spitalnik, J. Co-operation between Brazil and other developing countries in the area of industrial education and training. 1980.

The role of international organizations and of national training institutions with international objectives

Viallet, F. Rôle des institutions de formation industrielle à vocation internationale pour réduire la dépendance technologique des pays en développement. 1981.

Jk

ID/294 (ID/WG.381/3)Printed m Austr ia

V .82-34400 December 1982 4,000