Repaso de español 5to

Lecciones 6 a 9

Cómo se cambia una frase al negativo

• Just like in English, all Spanish sentences contain these two parts of speech…

• Nouns

• Verbs

• The natural order of an affirmative sentence in Spanish is Subject then Verb

• Example….Juan baila.

Frases Negativas

• To change a sentence from the affirmative to the negative, simply place NO in front of the verb.

• If the subject is stated, it goes between the subject and the verb. If not, it simply goes before the verb.

• EX….Nosotros escuchamos a la profesora.• EX….Nosotros no escuchamos a la profesora.• Ex….Canto a la canción.• Ex….No canto a la canción.

Frases a PreguntasChanging statements to questions

• As we´ve seen, the normal pattern of a statement in Spanish is Subject followed by Verb.

• To change a statement into a question, simply REVERSE the order…and add the inverted question mark and regular question mark.

• EX….. Juan habla el español muy bien.• EX…..¿Habla juan el español muy bien?• EX…..Tú trabajas todos los días.• EX…..¿Trabajas tú todos los días?• EX…..El doctor es muy inteligente.• EX…..Es muy inteligente el doctor?

Los Números

• The spelling of numbers in Spanish follow certain rules.

• 1 to 10…..careful of 6…changes English rule of I before E except after C. (seis). 7 does NOT change the rule! (siete).

• 10 does NOT end in S! (diez).

• 16 to 19…..compound words that combine 10 (with the Z changed to CI) and the ONES number.

• EX….17…..diecisiete. ETC….

• 16 has accent….dieciséis.

• 20….like 6 changes I before E rule!

• 21 to 29….like 16 to 19….compound words that combine 20 (with the final e changed to an i) and the ONES number attached.

• EX….28…..veintiocho

• 22 and 26 have an accent….veintidós…veintiséis.

• 30´s…begin new rule of separating the tens number and the ones number.

Práctica con los numeros

• Read the following series of numbers aloud….

• 0 24 25 6 8 1

• 16 9 20 2 11

• 21 14 13 27

• 23 10 0 9 24

• 17 16 7 4 18

Verbos de ER

• Verbs that are called ER verbs are designated as such because of their last two letters, the same as AR verbs.

• Some common ER verbs you may have been introduced to last year were…

– Aprender

– Beber

– Comer

– Comprender

– Leer

– Vender

– Responder

– Correr

– Ver

– Saber

Conjugación de los verbos ER

• Conjugating ER verbs is done in the SAME way we learned AR verbs.

• You must have one of the 6 subject pronoun groups and match them to one of 6 possible new endings which will replace the ER.

• Just like AR verbs, the STEM will stay unchanged, and only the ending will change.

Práctica de conjugación con verbos de ER

• Yo (aprender)• Aprendo• Ellos (vender)• Venden• Nosotros (leer)• Leemos• Tú (beber)• Bebes

Los Adjetivos• Adjetivos in Spanish are describing words just like in English.• Some of the adjetivos you have learned are…

– Grande– Pequeño– Bonito– Feo– Inteligente– Estúpido– Rico– Pobre– Alto– Bajo– Difícil– Fácil– Moreno– rubio

Los adjetivos y la concordancia

• Adjectives in Spanish must MATCH the noun they are describing. Therefore males or masculine objects will be described with adjectives ending in O or OS (plural). Females or femenine objects will be described with adjectives ending in A or AS.

• EX: La casa es muy bonita.

• EX…El hombre es rico.

• EX…Los libros son nuevos

• Adjectives that end in a consonant or another vowel DO NOT CHANGE, but DO BECOME PLURAL BY ADDING S or ES IF NECESSARY.

• EX… La casa es grande. Las casas son grandes.

• EX… La profesora es inteligente. Los estudiantes son inteligentes.

Placement of Adjectives in Spanish

• In English, the correct placement of adjectives is BEFORE the noun.

• In Spanish, the correct placement of adjectives is AFTER the noun

• EX: English….a big house…Spanish….Una casa grande.

• EX….The fast cars….Spanish…Los autos rápidos.