Renewables R&D Program Update -...
Transcript of Renewables R&D Program Update -...
Renewables R&D Program Update
Bryan J. Hannegan, Ph.D.Vice President, Environment & Renewables
Renewable Energy CouncilApril 4, 2011
2© 2011 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Challenge
Rel
iabl
e
Affordable
Sustainable
Electricity
Provide society with. . . while navigating
competing constraints
Fuel Price and Availability
Water Resources
Energy and Climate Policy
Environmental Performance
Capital Availability
Customer Expectations
Demand Growth
3© 2011 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Near-Zero Emissions
Long-Term Operations
Renewable Integration
Water Management
Electric Vehicles
Demand Response & Efficiency
Renewable Energy
Energy Storage
Sensors & Control
Cyber Security
The Future Power System …
Requires a full portfolio of innovative technologies.
© 2011 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Key Technology Strategic Issues
Long-TermOperations
SmartGrid
EnergyEfficiency
Near ZeroEmissions
Water ResourceManagement
Renewable Resourcesand Integration
5© 2011 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Renewable Resources and Integration
• Enable renewable technology options that are cost-competitive
• Maintain electric grid reliability and stability
• Minimize environmental impacts of renewable energy at utility scale
A Changing LandscapeA Changing Landscape
6© 2011 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Renewable Generation
• Renewable energy economics and technology status (Strategic)– Cost and performance information– Own-operate vs. purchase power agreement decisions
• Technology-specific R&D (Tactical)– Solar – Integration of solar thermal energy into existing and new power
plants, thermal storage development/evaluation, evaluation of PV and CSP technologies at Solar Technology Acceleration Center (SolarTAC)
– Biomass – Fuel supply management, technologies for power generation, and life-cycle costs, novel fuel approaches (torrefaction), test burns
– Wind – Advanced wind turbine technology assessments and wind asset management, NDE and O&M
– Geothermal – Technology assessments, O&M, hybrid applications, evaluation/demonstration of new technologies
Renewable energy technology development, deployment, and O&M
7© 2011 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Key ResultsBiomass Torrefaction
• Pilot scale feasibility testing of feedstocks
– Woody biomass
– Herbaceous
• Torrefaction/pelletization
• Evaluated seven species to date
– Torrefied material
– Pellets
• Initial modeling of torrefaction process
– Optimize process parameters
– Function of biomass species
8© 2011 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Key ResultsAdvanced Hydro Turbine Research
$1.2 million DOE matched by$1.4 million EPRI and
industry
• Spring 2010: Design Engineering
• Summer-Fall 2010: Construct and test a physical model
• Fall 2010: Winter 2011 Final Design
• 2012 – READY FOR PURCHASE, DEPLOYMENT AND TESTING
+ 8 Industry Co-Sponsors
9© 2011 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Key ResultsWave Energy Resource Assessment
DOE-funded Wave Energy Resource Assessment & GIS
Database for the U.S.
•For the entire U.S. coastline:– Assessment of the total available wave
energy along the U.S. coastline
– Estimation of the maximum practicable recoverable wave energy
– GIS display of the available and recoverable resource on NREL’s website
•Completion mid-2011
Avg. Wave Power Density (kW/m)
Avg. Wave Power Density (kW/m)
10© 2011 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
NERC IVGTF Special Report
Defines Reliability Needs
Integration of Large-Scale Variable Generation
Transmission Development• New Transmission Planning Tools and Methods to Integrate High Variable Resources
Resource Adequacy• New Methods to Determine Supply Capacity and Reserve Requirements
Advance Operator Tools• New Methods to Determine Supply Capacity and Reserve Requirements
• New Operator Decision-Making Tools and Improved Frequency Control Methods
Flexible System Resources• Technical Performance Specs for VG/DR/PHEV
• Other EPRI Programs – ElectriNet, Storage
11© 2011 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Key ResultsModel Validation From On-Line PMU Data
0 20 40 60 80 100 1201.9
2
2.1
Time (seconds)
Vfd
(pu
)
0 20 40 60 80 100 1200.95
0.96
Vt
(pu)
0 20 40 60 80 100 1201.95
2
Ifd
(pu
)
Measured
Fitted
PMU/DFRat Plant
Grid Disturbance
PMU at POI
Grid Disturbance
Proven EPRI Technology (PPPD)
Next step – Can we extend it to other technologies like Wind and PV)
12© 2011 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Key ResultsOperator Decision Tools for Variable Generation
Sou
rce:
ww
w.n
ewen
glan
dfut
ures
.com
Conventional Gen
Flexible Resources
VG Management
2000 MW Up Ramp
1500 MW Down Ramp
EPRI Role
• Functional requirements for operator dispatch decision-making tool
• Work with vendors for prototyping
• Prototype demonstration and validation
13© 2011 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Integrating Distributed Renewables
OpenDSS Modeling Analysis Penetration Studies
Integrating into Distribution
Feeder Analysis
Asset Management
PV & Storage Systems
Advanced Functionality
BOS PerformancePV O&M Inverter Reliability Utility Business Models
Field MonitoringCommunication Interfaces Lab Testing
OpenDSSSimulation Engine
COM Interface
Scripts
Scripts, Results
User-Written DLLs
DSS Output
OpenDSSSimulation Engine
COM Interface
Scripts
Scripts, Results
User-Written DLLs
DSS Output-1000
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600
Time (minutes)
To
tal P
ow
er (
kW)
Birmingham, AL (May 14, 2010)
0
200
400
600
800
1000
8am 9am 10am 11am 12pm 1pm 2pm 3pm 4pm 5pm
Local Time (h)
Po
we
r P
rod
uct
ion
(W
)
““bread and bread and butterbutter””
““thought thought leadershipleadership””
““business business casecase””
14© 2011 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Communications
DMS
Meter
First Results Show that Smart Inverters may Help to Increase the Penetration Rate of PV Along Feeders
Key Results Smart Inverters Control Distribution Voltage
Controlling VAR Outputs Assists in Maintaining
the Feeder Voltage within Limits
var
volt
15© 2011 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Key Results Distribution PV Monitoring at EPRI Knoxville
August 4, 2010 – TVA System Peak Day
EPRI
2:30pm EDT 4:30pm EDT
16© 2011 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Energy Storage
Application Value& Business Case
Strategic Intelligence
Technology Watch and Strategic Intelligence
Cost and Technology Capabilities Industry White Papers
Bulk Storage for Renewable Generation
Storage for Grid Support
Short-Term Long-Term
Li-ion Battery NaS Battery
New Flow Batteries & ChemistriesAdvanced – Low fuel CAES
Advanced Lead Acid Battery Micro-generation
2nd Gen CAES
Cost and Value Ranges for Storage Technologies in System Applications
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
Compressed Air - Below Ground
Pumped Hydro
Compressed Air - Above Ground
Lead Acid Battery
NaS Battery
ZnBr Flow Cell
VRB Flow Cell
Lithium Ion Battery
$/kWh
Cost
Value
Zn / Br Battery
Regional Studies
17© 2011 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Key ResultsOpportunities for Energy Storage
$0
$200
$400
$600
$800
$1,000
$1,200
$1,400
$1,600
$1,800
$2,000
$2,200
Target High Target High Target High Target High Target High
CAISO ERCOT ISONE NYISO PJM
PV $/kWh of Energy Storage
Regulation
Local Capacity
Transmission Congestion
VAR Support
Distribution Losses
Defer Dist. Investment
Voltage Support
Power Reliability
Power Quality
Application Value in $/kWh of Energy Storage DESS at Substation with Transmission Congestion
Niche markets could support storage costs of $ 1400 per kWh installed.
Most mass market applications require cost of under $ 500 per kWh w/o regulation services.
18© 2011 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Key ResultsDistributed Storage for Grid Support
• Testing and validation of current and emerging storage systems
• Distributed Energy Storage (DESS) for pad mounted “ edge-of-grid” sites
– Functional Spec and Application Requirements
– Technology Options; cost and benefit analysis
• Information to support deployment risks and planning
• Insights into performance, operating envelope
1 MW/7hr NaS 0.5 MW / 2 hr Zn / Br 5 kW / 3 hr Li-ion Vision of DESS
19© 2011 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
New Environment Program for 2011
Focuses on land use, vegetation management, species and ecosystem interactions and human health and safety associated with renewable energy development.
Environmental Aspects of Renewables (P179)
Species Impacts and Interactions
• Geomagnetic environment: impacts on animals and aquatic life
• Bird and bat interactions with wind energy
• Bat detection and wind turbineshutdown system
Resource Assessments,
Forecasting and Land Use
• Resource variability
• Impacts of large-scale deployment of renewables
• Sustainability of biomass supply
Worker / Public Health and Safety
• Exposures related to renewables
• Wind turbine syndrome
Siting and Life-Cycle Analysis
• Life-cycle GHG emissions from renewables
• Framework for engaging stakeholders in renewable energy siting
20© 2011 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Expanding Portfolio
Energy StorageEnergy Storage
SolarSolar
WindWind
GeothermalGeothermal
BiomassBiomass
Water PowerWater Power
LargeLarge--ScaleScaleIntegrationIntegration
DistributedDistributedIntegrationIntegration
LargeLarge--ScaleScaleIntegrationIntegration
DistributedDistributedIntegrationIntegration
RenewablesRenewables
Water PowerWater Power
RenewablesRenewables
Water PowerWater Power
2008 2009 2010
New for 2011: Environmental Aspects
Energy StorageEnergy StorageEnergy StorageEnergy Storage
21© 2011 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Funding Trends
0
5
10
15
20
25
2007 2008 2009 2010 Goal 2010 Act
$ m
illi
on
s
Demos
Envir
Dist Int
LS Int
Storage
Water
Gener
3.3 3.4
2.0
5.00.6
3.63.3
3.35.6
7.7
12.1
15.0
1.51.2
1.70.7
4.0
0.9
0.7
1.7
1.2
0.51.8
6.3
2.2
3.2
4.5
3.4
1.020.8
1.8% 5.5% of total funding
22© 2011 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Mark Your Calendar!Upcoming EPRI Renewables Council Meetings
Council Meeting: August 9-10, 2011SolarTAC Tour: August 11, 2011
Hotel TBDDenver, CO
Program Meetings: September 12-14, 2011Council Meetings: September 14-16, 2011
Westin – Boston Waterfront 425 Summer StreetBoston, MA 02210http://www.westinbostonwaterfront.com/EPRI Group Rate: $199
Knoxville Lab Tour in June?
23© 2011 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Together…Shaping the Future of Electricity