Renewable Energy SystemsRenewable Energy Systemsforfor

Commercial BuildingsCommercial Buildings

AIA Minnesota ConferenceAIA Minnesota Conference

November 15, 2006November 15, 2006

Niels WolterNiels WolterMSB Energy Associates Inc.MSB Energy Associates Inc.

Madison, WIMadison, WI

AIA and U.S. Conference of MayorsAIA and U.S. Conference of Mayors2030 Initiative2030 Initiative

Minimum 50% reduction of fossil fuels used to construct andMinimum 50% reduction of fossil fuels used to construct andoperate buildings by the year 2010operate buildings by the year 2010

All new buildings be carbon neutral by 2030, using zero fossilAll new buildings be carbon neutral by 2030, using zero fossilfuels to operatefuels to operate

NEED TO START NOWNEED TO START NOW

EmergencyEmergency Zero Energy Building Standard Zero Energy Building StandardNational AIA and MTSNational AIA and MTS

under developmentunder development Integrative Design ProcessIntegrative Design Process Siting and DesignSiting and Design Baseline Energy AuditBaseline Energy Audit

Efficiency Energy ReductionsEfficiency Energy Reductions Carbon neutral energy systems (electric and thermal)Carbon neutral energy systems (electric and thermal)

•• Produced on siteProduced on site•• Purchase green power and green tagsPurchase green power and green tags

SMARTSMART©© Consensus Sustainable Products (5%) Consensus Sustainable Products (5%) Accredited Professionals (audit, design, and systems construction and installation)Accredited Professionals (audit, design, and systems construction and installation) Sustainable MaintenanceSustainable Maintenance

Electric and Thermal/Natural GasElectric and Thermal/Natural Gas Electric - relatively easyElectric - relatively easy

Energy efficiencyEnergy efficiency Onsite renewable generationOnsite renewable generation Purchase Green PowerPurchase Green Power

Thermal - harderThermal - harder Energy efficiencyEnergy efficiency Onsite renewable heating and coolingOnsite renewable heating and cooling Switching to efficiency electric technologiesSwitching to efficiency electric technologies Purchase Green TagsPurchase Green Tags

Electric StrategiesElectric StrategiesEfficiency First (day lightingEfficiency First (day lighting……))Renewable power generationRenewable power generation Solar about the only option in urbanSolar about the only option in urban

areasareas Wind at some sitesWind at some sites Wood/biogas power generation feasible at larger sitesWood/biogas power generation feasible at larger sites

Excess power to the gridExcess power to the grid Net Energy BillingNet Energy Billing Buy back ratesBuy back rates

Purchase Utility Green PowerPurchase Utility Green Power

Renewable ElectricRenewable Electric

Solar PowerSolar Power

Solar EnergySolar Energy

Equivalent to an eight inch layer of oilEquivalent to an eight inch layer of oilcovering the earth each yearcovering the earth each year

100,000 Terawatts strike the earth,100,000 Terawatts strike the earth,humanhuman’’s use about 15 Terawattss use about 15 Terawatts

The Power of SolarThe Power of Solar1000 watts of panel (~55 ft2)

Generates enough powerto drive a Tesla Roadster

16 miles/day

Cost of the solar systemabout $8000

The new gas tank

Solar Electric System Solar Electric System ComponentsComponents Solar Panels or ModulesSolar Panels or Modules InverterInverter RackRack Balance of SystemBalance of System

Typical Commercial Solar ElectricTypical Commercial Solar ElectricSystemSystem

Roof mountedRoof mountedGrid connectedGrid connectedNo BatteriesNo BatteriesProfessionally installedProfessionally installed

SimpleSimple no moving partsno moving parts limited maintenancelimited maintenance

Over 95% of marketOver 95% of marketModules up to 19.3% Modules up to 19.3% effeff..•• 55 ft 55 ft22 per kW of module per kW of module

SunPowerSPR 315

Module = many cells

Cell

Crystalline Silica SolarCrystalline Silica Solar

Solar Electric SystemsSolar Electric Systems

Modules have 20 to 25 year warrantiesModules have 20 to 25 year warranties Modules made by GE, Sharp Kyocera, BPModules made by GE, Sharp Kyocera, BP…… Inverters have up to 10 year warrantiesInverters have up to 10 year warranties Everything is UL approvedEverything is UL approved Certified installersCertified installers

ReliabilityReliability

4.6 Megawatt AZ Solar Electric Plant4.6 Megawatt AZ Solar Electric Plant

Online since 2002Online since 2002Availability 99.72%Availability 99.72%No onsite staffNo onsite staffRemotely monitoredRemotely monitored

Annual maintenance costAnnual maintenance cost 0.16% of installed cost0.16% of installed cost

Racking OptionsRacking Options Fix MountedFix Mounted Single axis tracking: East Single axis tracking: East –– West West

24% production gain24% production gain

Dual axis tracking: East Dual axis tracking: East –– West & Up West & Up –– Down Down 31% production gain31% production gain

10 kW Dual Axis Tracking System

Solar Electric System ProductionSolar Electric System ProductionOne kW fix-mounted systemOne kW fix-mounted system•• Requires 50ft Requires 50ft22 to 150ft to 150ft22 of modules of modules

1 kW system in full sun for 1 hour = ~1 kWh1 kW system in full sun for 1 hour = ~1 kWh

Production (kWh) per year/kW of modulesCity Fix Mounted Dual Axis Tracking Minneapolis 1286 1738 Duluth 1222 1649 St. Cloud 1282 1747 Rochester 1248 1695 St Cloud 1185 1617

Solar SitingSolar Siting

To achieve 90% of maximum productionTo achieve 90% of maximum production Facing between 45Facing between 45oo E and W of S E and W of S Tilting between 20Tilting between 20oo and 55 and 55oo

Minimize shading and snow coverMinimize shading and snow cover

ShadingShading Determined using tool (e.g., Solar Pathfinder)Determined using tool (e.g., Solar Pathfinder) Acceptable shading Acceptable shading –– site owner site owner’’s decisions decision

Production & OrientationProduction & Orientation

Orientation Production cut byFlat laying 17%Vertical south facing 21%Vertical east/west facing 40%

Summer Sunny Weekday Load Shapes Medium Commercial Customer

0

2

4

6

8

10

1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22

hours

kWh

Weekday summer

7.5 KW fixed PVSummerNet Load Shape

Seven hour 9 kW mid-day-peak reduced to five hour late-afternoon 7.5 kW peak

Source – commercial load shape Alliant Il.PV data from MGE, Edgewood High School, Madison, July 22 2005

Average Component CostsAverage Component CostsSystems installed in Wisconsin 2006Systems installed in Wisconsin 2006

Data from 33 fix mounted systems totaling 137 kilowatts

$427

$376

$331

$1,334

$4,541

$804

Inverter Rack BOSTax & ship Labor Panels

Installed Cost $7,813/ KW installed

PanelsLabor

Tax & shipping

InverterRack

BOS

Modules on Flat RoofsModules on Flat Roofs

Common whenCommon when siting siting at commercial buildings at commercial buildings

PositivesPositives Unshaded, under utilized space, out of reach, freeUnshaded, under utilized space, out of reach, free

NegativesNegatives Not visible Not visible –– reduced educational and PR benefits reduced educational and PR benefits

IssuesIssues Roof loading: panels, wind, snowRoof loading: panels, wind, snow…… Can be hard place to do maintenanceCan be hard place to do maintenance Roof warranteeRoof warrantee

Ballasted Flat Roof RacksBallasted Flat Roof Racks Upright racks tie into pans filled with roofUpright racks tie into pans filled with roof

ballastballast No roof penetrationsNo roof penetrations Use existing ballast stonesUse existing ballast stones Typical module slopes 20Typical module slopes 20oo to 30 to 30oo

Waunakee Community High School

Modules Flat on the RoofModules Flat on the RoofPositivesPositives Very easy to installVery easy to install Improves roof R-valueImproves roof R-value Extends roof lifeExtends roof life

NegativesNegatives Reduced productionReduced production Snow coverSnow cover

Veterans Administration Building, Chicago

Goggle Campus: Mountain View, California

System Size:1.6 MW Energy Output: 2,611,719 kWh per year

Savings: $393,000 + annually

C02 emissions reduced by 3.6 million pounds/year

Clipped to Standing Seam RoofingClipped to Standing Seam RoofingKey PositiveKey Positive VisibleVisible Long-lived roof and panelLong-lived roof and panel Easy installation Easy installation –– seam clips seam clips

NegativesNegatives Price of roofingPrice of roofing

Fixed Mounted Grid Connected competitive price $8,000/ kW, full sun 1250 kWh/year

Lathrop ShedMCC, Madison

Solar electric roof frames:PV Solar Energy Ltd, Australia

Urban Ecology Center, Milwaukee

PV Standing Seam Roofingfull sun 1250 kWh/year

Made by UniSolarwww.uni-solar.com

Solar Electric Awningsfull sun 1250 kWh/year

Fox Valley Tech College, Appleton WI

Memorial High School, Madison, WI

• Reduce summer cooling loads• Use passive solar design to let inwinter sunshine

PV Shingles/Slatesfull sun 1250 kWh/year

Middleton Alternative High School,Middleton, WI

Bahr Home, Madison, WI

General Electric System, CA

Sharp PVSystem,

California

Overhead Solar Electric Glass

Golden Gate National Park

Solar energy consultant’s home, California

Solar Electric glazing, façades,curtain walls, awnings

More costly thanstandard panels

Spire Solar

Schott Solar

Dual Axis Tracking GridConnected

competitive price $9,500/ kWfull sun 1700 kWh/year

Dane Co Zoo, Madison, WI

Wolter Home, Madison, WI

Solar Sun Flowers, CA

Solar FlagsSolar Flags

Systems for education and public relations need notbe largeRather they need to be visible and attractive

Heart Lung Association, CA

IBEW Union Hall

20 kW Commercial20 kW CommercialVery competitiveVery competitive installed cost: $130,000 installed cost: $130,000Federal Tax Credit: $39,000Federal Tax Credit: $39,000Federal five-year depreciation: $41,880Federal five-year depreciation: $41,880Minnesota Solar Electric Rebate: $20,000Minnesota Solar Electric Rebate: $20,000Utility incentives (Utility incentives (MN Power & Great RiverMN Power & Great River))

Cost to customer: $29,120Cost to customer: $29,120

Value of Power 8 cents per kWhValue of Power 8 cents per kWhAssumed increases 8% per yearAssumed increases 8% per yearPower sales over ten years: $28,550Power sales over ten years: $28,550

Net cost after ten years: - $570Net cost after ten years: - $570Simple payback in 11 yearsSimple payback in 11 years

Assumptions: located in MN, unshaded, fix mounted facing due south with 30 degree slope,generates 24,640 kWh/year, $6000 O&M costs in first ten years, and owner at 30% federal tax rate.

20 kW Non Profit Owned20 kW Non Profit OwnedVery CompetitiveVery Competitive Installed cost: $130,000 Installed cost: $130,000 Minnesota Solar Electric Rebate: $20,000Minnesota Solar Electric Rebate: $20,000 Utility incentives (Utility incentives (MN Power & Great RiverMN Power & Great River))

Federal Tax Benefits: $0Federal Tax Benefits: $0 Cost to customer: $110,000Cost to customer: $110,000

Value of Power (net metering) 8 cents per kWhValue of Power (net metering) 8 cents per kWh Assumed increasing 8% per yearAssumed increasing 8% per year Power sales $28,550Power sales $28,550

Net cost after ten years: $81,450Net cost after ten years: $81,450Payback >>> 20 yearsPayback >>> 20 years

Assumptions: located in MN, unshaded, fix mounted facing due south with 30 degree slope,generates 24,640 kWh/year, and $6000 O&M costs in first ten years.

BoomingBoomingMarketMarket

Technology changing very rapidlyTechnology changing very rapidly Worldwide R&D, Venture capital, Worldwide R&D, Venture capital, IPOsIPOs……

Sales growing 35% a yearSales growing 35% a year Cost effective in five to ten yearsCost effective in five to ten years

Buildings Should be Solar ReadyBuildings Should be Solar Ready

Suitable Roof SpaceSuitable Roof Space Able to structurally support modules withAble to structurally support modules with

wind & snow loadingwind & snow loading OrientationOrientation Limit shading from rooftop vents &Limit shading from rooftop vents &

mechanicalsmechanicals Conduit runs to closest utility roomConduit runs to closest utility room

Thermal strategiesThermal strategies

HVACHVAC & Water heating & Water heating

Efficiency First (HVAC)Efficiency First (HVAC) Heat & energy recovery ventilators - lastHeat & energy recovery ventilators - last Earth tubesEarth tubes Transpired air collectorsTranspired air collectors

Solar thermalSolar thermal Water heatingWater heating

Switching natural gas to renewable electricSwitching natural gas to renewable electric Heat pumpsHeat pumps

Solar thermal seasonal storageSolar thermal seasonal storage

Purchase Green TagsPurchase Green Tags

Earth DuctsEarth Ducts

Parallel Buried PipesParallel Buried Pipes: concrete, sloped for drainage: concrete, sloped for drainage WinterWinter: Warms incoming air to ground temperature.: Warms incoming air to ground temperature. SummerSummer: Cools incoming air to ground temperature.: Cools incoming air to ground temperature. Driving MechanismDriving Mechanism: can be mechanical or natural: can be mechanical or natural

Earth DuctsEarth Ducts

++ Air FiltersAir Filters: HEPA or: HEPA orultraviolet (significantultraviolet (significantreduction in fan power)reduction in fan power)

++ DuctworkDuctwork: does NOT: does NOTrequire return ductsrequire return ducts

++ NoiseNoise: none if naturally: none if naturallyventedvented

++ AestheticsAesthetics: : ““invisibleinvisible””

-- Non Standard TechnologyNon Standard Technology::-- CleaningCleaning: required by code: required by code

in some areasin some areas-- PerformancePerformance: requires: requires

analysisanalysis-- Higher Installation CostHigher Installation Cost

Wintercomfort

Summercomfort

Supply Air

The Nature of The Beast (Madison)The Nature of The Beast (Madison)

Earth Duct Performance (Madison)Earth Duct Performance (Madison)

Wintercomfort

Summercomfort

Supply Air

The Nature of The Beast (Duluth)The Nature of The Beast (Duluth)

Earth Duct Performance (Duluth)Earth Duct Performance (Duluth)

WhatWhat’’s Behind the Curtain?s Behind the Curtain?

Transpired Air CollectorsTranspired Air Collectors Solar airSolar air preheater preheater Siting: south facing wallsSiting: south facing walls Buildings with large ventilationBuildings with large ventilation

requirementsrequirements Simple, inexpensive, easy toSimple, inexpensive, easy to

maintainmaintain Fan only moving partFan only moving part

Denver Denver Walmart SupercenterWalmart Supercenter 8000 ft8000 ft22

$17,000 savings per year$17,000 savings per year

Transpired Air CollectorsTranspired Air Collectors

University of Wisconsin – Green BayMade by Conserval

Solar Thermal Water HeatingSolar Thermal Water Heating

Solar Mining

Can augment space heatingCan augment space heating

MarketsMarkets: School and hotel: School and hotelswimming pools, hospitals,swimming pools, hospitals,health clubs, Laundromatshealth clubs, Laundromats

Solar Hot Water- CommercialSolar Hot Water- Commercial

Flat Plate CollectorsFlat Plate Collectors• Proven technology

• Durable

• Temperature operatingrange perfect for domestichot water and spaceheating

• Repairable

• Mature technologu

Source: Bob Ramlow, Artha Renewable

Standard Water Heating SystemStandard Water Heating SystemClosed Loop AntifreezeClosed Loop Antifreeze

Source: Bob Ramlow, Artha Renewable

Commercial Solar Thermal System Prices:Commercial Solar Thermal System Prices:WisconsinWisconsin

Source: Focus on Energy

20062006 5 System installed5 System installed Average price: $44/thermAverage price: $44/therm Average price: $79/ftAverage price: $79/ft22

Competitive price: $44/ftCompetitive price: $44/ft22

2 therms produced per year per ft2 therms produced per year per ft22 of panel of panel

EconomicsEconomics Federal Tax IncentivesFederal Tax Incentives

30% Tax Credit30% Tax Credit Accelerated DepreciationAccelerated Depreciation

Improve when displaced electric heatingImprove when displaced electric heating ImproveImprove

By limiting storage: Indoor pool heatingBy limiting storage: Indoor pool heating Sites using hot water during daylight hoursSites using hot water during daylight hours

Improve with larger systemsImprove with larger systems HospitalsHospitals HotelsHotels Health ClubsHealth Clubs……

Larger commercial systems payback can be underLarger commercial systems payback can be under5 years5 years

Evacuated Tube Solar ThermalEvacuated Tube Solar Thermal

Evacuated Tube Solar ThermalEvacuated Tube Solar Thermal

Reduced lossesReduced losses Will not shed snowWill not shed snow Function better on cloudyFunction better on cloudy

daysdays Can get up to 350 Can get up to 350 ooFF More expensiveMore expensive

The solar technology to matchThe solar technology to matchwith absorption chillerswith absorption chillers

Seasonal Energy StorageSeasonal Energy Storage

Storing Solar EnergyStoring Solar EnergyForFor

Winter HeatingWinter Heating

Seasonal Water StorageSeasonal Water StorageRough numbersRough numbers

Wisconsin residential customersWisconsin residential customers Average space heating ~ 1000 therms/yearAverage space heating ~ 1000 therms/year Storage tank (water at 100 Storage tank (water at 100 ooF) about 5,400F) about 5,400

gallons or 8' x 20' x 200gallons or 8' x 20' x 200‘‘

Drake LandingDrake Landing

50+ houses.50+ houses.

Calgary, Alberta.Calgary, Alberta.

Sunny Cold Winter, Sunny Summer.Sunny Cold Winter, Sunny Summer.

Goal: provide more than 90% of annual space andGoal: provide more than 90% of annual space andwater heating needs with solar.water heating needs with solar.

Thermal StorageThermal Storage

CollectorsCollectors 800 flat plate collectors800 flat plate collectors 25,000 ft25,000 ft22 total area total area

Short Term StorageShort Term Storage 2 tanks, each 12.5 ft x 35 ft2 tanks, each 12.5 ft x 35 ft ~ 30,000 gal each~ 30,000 gal each

Long Term (Seasonal) StorageLong Term (Seasonal) Storage 144 bores144 bores Each 115 ft deep and 6 in diameter.Each 115 ft deep and 6 in diameter.

Short term storageShort term storage

Long term storageLong term storage

Drake Landing ResultsDrake Landing Results

Initial Design:Initial Design: Solar collector field by a solar expertSolar collector field by a solar expert Thermal storage by a GHP expertThermal storage by a GHP expert Controls by a controls expertControls by a controls expert

Energy ModelingEnergy Modeling Model the entire systemModel the entire system As designed: 50% annual solar fractionAs designed: 50% annual solar fraction Redesigned using simulation: 93%Redesigned using simulation: 93%

What happened?What happened? Synergy and Synergy and dysynergydysynergy between system components! between system components! Lesson: you have to look at the Lesson: you have to look at the wholewhole picture. picture.

Heat PumpsHeat Pumps

Heating Efficiently with ElectricityHeating Efficiently with Electricity

Same engineering principle as air conditionersSame engineering principle as air conditioners

Heat PumpsHeat Pumps

Heat PumpHeat Pump: single unit that can either heat or cool.: single unit that can either heat or cool. Summer: remove heat from the building, reject it to the Summer: remove heat from the building, reject it to the ““ambient.ambient.”” Winter: remove heat from the Winter: remove heat from the ““ambient,ambient,”” reject it to the building. reject it to the building.

High EfficiencyHigh Efficiency: COP : COP ≈≈ 3.0 (as compared to < 1.0 for 3.0 (as compared to < 1.0 forboilers / furnaces)boilers / furnaces)

ElectricElectric

Air Source Heat PumpsAir Source Heat Pumps

Air to Air Heat PumpAir to Air Heat Pump Air to Water Heat PumpAir to Water Heat Pump

Conditioned, forced air systems.Conditioned, forced air systems. ““mildmild”” climates (it is hard to climates (it is hard to

extract energy from cold winterextract energy from cold winterair)air)

Radiant (floors, radiators, coolingRadiant (floors, radiators, coolingpanels) systems.panels) systems.

““mildmild”” climates (it is hard to climates (it is hard toextract energy from cold air)extract energy from cold air)

Uncommon (except for heatUncommon (except for heatpump water heaters)pump water heaters)

Ground Source Heat PumpsGround Source Heat Pumps

Water to Air Heat PumpWater to Air Heat Pump Water to Water Heat PumpWater to Water Heat Pump

Conditioned, forced air systems.Conditioned, forced air systems. Radiant (floors, radiators, coolingRadiant (floors, radiators, coolingpanels) systems.panels) systems.

Water heatersWater heaters

Ground Source Heat PumpsGround Source Heat Pumps

Ground Storage Ground Storage: dirt has a large capacity to store thermal: dirt has a large capacity to store thermalenergy (best if wet)energy (best if wet)

Summer Summer: extract energy from the building, put it in the: extract energy from the building, put it in thegroundground Winter Winter: extract energy from the (heated) ground, put it in: extract energy from the (heated) ground, put it inthe building.the building.

GSHP Advantages and Rules ofGSHP Advantages and Rules ofThumbThumb

Higher EfficiencyHigher Efficiency: as compared to air source heat pumps: as compared to air source heat pumpsbecause the ground is more temperate than the air.because the ground is more temperate than the air.

Lower MaintenanceLower Maintenance: all equipment is indoors. Air source: all equipment is indoors. Air sourceheat pumps have an outdoor unit.heat pumps have an outdoor unit.

Loop LengthLoop Length: is determined by peak heating and cooling: is determined by peak heating and coolingrequirements requirements andand by the ratio of heating to cooling by the ratio of heating to coolingrequirement.requirement.

Most EfficientMost Efficient: when building heating and cooling: when building heating and coolingrequirements are equal.requirements are equal.

Bore FieldBore Field: ~ 250 ft/ton.: ~ 250 ft/ton. Drilling CostsDrilling Costs: ~ 10-20 $/ft.: ~ 10-20 $/ft.

NEWNEW Low Temperature Low TemperatureAir-Sourced Heat PumpAir-Sourced Heat Pump

Hallowell InternationalHallowell International building distributor networkbuilding distributor network

Add booster compressor, sub coolingAdd booster compressor, sub coolingeconomizer, etc.economizer, etc.

Currently available in 2 and 3 tonsCurrently available in 2 and 3 tons Heating performanceHeating performance

2.2 COP at 2.2 COP at ––30 30 ooFF 2.6 COP at 2.6 COP at –– 0 0 ooFF 3.4 COP at 30 3.4 COP at 30 ooFF

No backup electric resistance heatingNo backup electric resistance heating Cooling: hoping for SEER 16Cooling: hoping for SEER 16

www.gotohallowell.com

Outdoor Air PretreatmentOutdoor Air Pretreatment

Fresh AirFresh Air: required for: required foroccupant comfort and indoor airoccupant comfort and indoor airquality.quality.

WinterWinter: Ambient air is too cold: Ambient air is too coldand dry and dry –– need to heat and need to heat andhumidify.humidify.

SummerSummer: Ambient air is too: Ambient air is toohot and wet hot and wet –– need to cool and need to cool anddehumidify.dehumidify.

DehumidificationDehumidification: overcool,: overcool,then reheat!then reheat!

Energy Recovery VentilatorEnergy Recovery Ventilator

Heat ExchangeHeat Exchange: Recover: Recoverenergy from stale exhaust airenergy from stale exhaust air

WinterWinter: Warms incoming air.: Warms incoming air. SummerSummer: Cools incoming air: Cools incoming air Mechanically DrivenMechanically Driven: Two: Two

fans are requiredfans are required

Energy Recovery Ventilators (ERVs)Energy Recovery Ventilators (ERVs)

++ Proven TechnologyProven Technology::designers know how to dealdesigners know how to dealwith it.with it.

++ Standard TechnologyStandard Technology::maintenance staff know howmaintenance staff know howto deal with them.to deal with them.

++ PerformancePerformance: simple to: simple toassess.assess.

++ Lower Installation CostLower Installation Cost

-- Mechanical FiltersMechanical Filters::additional fan power, highadditional fan power, highreplacement costreplacement cost

-- DuctworkDuctwork: requires a return: requires a returnduct.duct.

-- MaintenanceMaintenance: filters: filters-- NoiseNoise: can be significant: can be significant-- AestheticsAesthetics: commercial sizes: commercial sizes

may require an outdoor unitmay require an outdoor unit

ERV Performance (Madison)ERV Performance (Madison)

ERV Performance (Duluth)ERV Performance (Duluth)

What Do They Look Like?What Do They Look Like?

Indoor Installation Outdoor Installation

Overhead InstallationResidential Installation

Sources: http://www.greenheck.com

http://americanstandardair.com

Marketing Solar/Zero EnergyMarketing Solar/Zero Energy Audience : Innovators and Early AdoptersAudience : Innovators and Early Adopters Who are theyWho are they

Green & Tech businesses interested in communityGreen & Tech businesses interested in communityrelationsrelations

Educational sitesEducational sites

Who they are notWho they are not Interested in a short payback period Interested in a short payback period –– that that’’s thes the

majoritymajority

MessagesMessages It is coolIt is cool It is about valuesIt is about values Ready for the marketReady for the market Free energyFree energy

David BradleyThermal Energy System Specialists, LLC

(608) 274 . 2577

bradley@tess-inc.com

Thermal Energy System Specialists,Thermal Energy System Specialists,LLCLLC

Energy Modeling and AnalysisEnergy Modeling and Analysis In support of architects, engineers and national labs.In support of architects, engineers and national labs.

LEEDLEEDTMTM Modeling Modeling

Software Development for Energy AnalysisSoftware Development for Energy Analysis

TRNSYS Training and Technical SupportTRNSYS Training and Technical Support

ToolsTools

TRNSYSTRNSYS: component based simulation software: component based simulation software BuildingsBuildings Solar ProcessesSolar Processes Emphasis on Emphasis on renewablesrenewables EXTENSIBLE (easy to write new models if you can describeEXTENSIBLE (easy to write new models if you can describe

the physics behind a process)the physics behind a process)

CONTAMCONTAM: natural ventilation and air flow modeling: natural ventilation and air flow modeling

Niels WolterMSB Energy Associates Inc

(608) 831-1127 x308

wolter@msbnrg.com