Renewable Energy and Economic Redevelopment at the former Brunswick Naval Air Station
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Transcript of Renewable Energy and Economic Redevelopment at the former Brunswick Naval Air Station
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NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC.
Renewable Energy and Economic Redevelopment at the former Brunswick Naval Air Station
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NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC.
Presentation for E2TechMidcoast Regional Redevelopment Authority Community Forum Nov. 3 2011
Scott HuffmanSenior EngineerIntegrated Applications OfficeNational Renewable Energy Laboratory
Renewable Energy and Economic Redevelopment at Brunswick Landing
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Overview
Who is NREL? Describe the Brunswick Study Present the results of the Brunswick Study Present some potential options for Brunswick Questions
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INL
NREL
Lawrence Berkeley
Lawrence Livermore
Los AlamosSandia
Pacific Northwest
ArgonneBrookhaven
NETL
Oak Ridge
Nuclear SecurityScienceEnergy Efficiency and Renewable EnergyNuclear EnergyFossil EnergyEnvironmental Management
Savannah River
Major DOE National Laboratories
NREL is Operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy
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What Makes NREL Unique?
Only national laboratory dedicated to renewable energy and energy efficiency R&D
Collaboration with industry and university partners is a hallmark Ability to link scientific discovery and product development to
accelerate commercialization Focus on serving Federal agencies
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The Most Energy Efficient Commercial Scale Building in the World
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Working in a Net-Zero Energy Building
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Seeing is believing…….
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The Most Energy Efficient Data Center in the World
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Scope of NREL’s R&D Programs
FOUNDATIONAL SCIENCE AND ADVANCED ANALYTICS
Efficient Energy Use Electricity Transmission and Distribution Alternative Fuels Hydrogen Delivery and Storage
Wind Water Solar Biomass Geothermal
Vehicle Technologies Building Technologies Industrial Technologies
Renewable Resources Energy Delivery & Storage
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Solar
Buildings & Electricity
Wind & HydroGeothermalBiomass & BiofuelsVehiclesHydrogen & Fuel CellsIndustrial Technologies
WeatherizationSolar DecathlonSolar America CitiesWind Powering America
State, Local, & Tribal
Integrated Deployment (ID)
FEMP - Federal Facilities
Clean Cities and Alternative Fuels
Data CenterProject Execution Support
Technology Assessment& Screening
Project Development& Finance
Technology-NeutralDeployment
Technology-Specific Deployment
Stra
tegi
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nerg
y A
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R&D AND ANALYSIS PROGRAMS
TECHNOLOGY DEPLOYMENT PROGRAMS
DEPLOYMENTSUPPORT FUNCTIONS
From Research to Deployment
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NREL offers energy efficiency, renewable energy, new construction and net zero assessment, optimization and audit tools and capabilities
Campus/Base Assessments
INFRASTRUCTURE
BUILDINGS ASSESSMENT
RENEWABLE SUPPLY SIDE
VEHICLES & TOOLS
Campus/Base Assessments
INFRASTRUCTURE
BUILDINGS ASSESSMENT
RENEWABLE SUPPLY SIDE
VEHICLES & TOOLS
Broad Screening, Inventory and Optimization Climate leaders Greenhouse Gas Inventory Renewable Energy Optimization (REO) Renewable Screening Spreadsheets (for Navy) Net-zero Assessments for Bases, Campuses and Islands
Buildings Assessments Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Assessment Tool and Training Equest\DOE-2 Building Energy Optimization (BEopt) LEED\Design Charrettes Alternative Finance Capability (ESPC, UESC, PPAs)
Vehicles Petroleum Reduction Planning Tool (PREP) Alternative Fueling Station Locator Infrastructure Distributed Engineering Workstation (DEW)
Supply Side Options Hybrid Optimization Model (HOMER) In My Back Yard (IMBY) Solar Advisor Model Ocean Energy Assessments TEAM Solar\Wind\Biomass
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Brunswick Renewable Energy Study
EPA Funded the Study to Determine Renewable Energy Options for Economic Redevelopment of BNAS
Open to all options – Blank Sheet Balance the Limited Budget with the Level of Detail First: Estimate the energy consumption of the future
development. (no one knows the future) Next: NREL Looked at 9 different Renewable Energy
Technologies NREL Looked at other potential “Systemic” options
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Estimating Energy Use and Savings
Estimated the Future Energy Use at BNAS Electricity and Heat - Industrial Processes Unknown Staged Approach - Adding Detail in Future Estimated Size and Rough Cost of a New Underground Hot
Water Distribution Heating Loop. Assumed Worse Case: No Tenants to Purchase Heat Estimated Federal and State Incentives.
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Renewable Energy Technologies Examined for this Study
Solar Electric Panels (PV) Photovoltaics
Solar Domestic Water Heating Solar Ventilation Air Heating Wind Turbines
Geothermal Heat Pumps Biomass Combined Heat and
Power Systems Fuel Cells Micro Gas Turbines Smart Grid
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Brunswick Solar Radiation
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Solar Electric Photovoltaic Results:
Calculations made using two different NREL Softwares: REO Software (Renewable Energy Optimization) and HOMER Software (Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewables) using Solar Data specific to BNAS
Payback in 16 years @ installed cost of $4.50/Watt for a 100KW array size.
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Wind
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Wind
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Wind Results 15 year Payback for 100 KW
thru 10 KW Turbines Local State Incentive brought
payback down to 8.8 years for a 3kW Turbine.
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Solar Domestic Hot Water Heating Results
8 Year Payback if Replacing Electric 37 Yr payback if replacing Natural Gas
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Transpired Solar Collectors
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Solar Preheating of Ventilation Air
Retrofitting onto an Existing Building Payback = 7.4 yrs
If Retrofitted as part of an Exterior Renovation Payback = 2 years
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Geothermal (Ground Source) Heat Pump
Retrofit costs for 10,000 ft2 building $126,000 based on estimates from area GHP contractors.
Energy Model estimated a savings from GHP compared to existing Natural Gas system = $2,166/yr
Payback 37 years….BUT Potential Avoided Cost of Replacing
Existing Gas Furnace
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Fuel Cells
Utilize hydrogen to create electricity
At this point, fuel cells are only cost effective when providing additional money saving benefits such as saving recharging time and labor for fork lifts.
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Small versions of the Natural Gas Combustion Turbines used by utilities (Electricity and Heat)
Payback of 6.2 years if all electricity and heat are sold.
17 year payback if 50% of heat sold
25 year payback if zero heat is sold
Micro Gas Turbines
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Combined Heat and Power (CHP)(Cogeneration)
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Electric Generation Simplified
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More Detailed
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Whole System
~ 40% Efficient
60% Waste!
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Biomass Combined Heat and Power (CHP)
Payback 10 years Leasing gives Positive Cashflow of $133,000/Yr Using Best Available Technology Assumes Worst Case - Selling No Waste Heat Includes the Cost of Installing a New
Underground District Heating Loop Not Counting Potential State of Maine, or
USDA Grants Not Counting Potential New Market Tax Credits
(~25% reduction in cost)
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Additional Benefits
Use “Free Heat” to Attract Tenants. Trade “Free Heat” to Tenants in Exchange for
Building Upgrades. (Cascading Local Effect) Create New Industries in Brunswick.
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“Systemic” Benefits
Getting 2 Bangs per Buck Grandma: “It’s just common sense not to let things go to
waste” (Depression Era Frugality) Cradle to Cradle Design The “Waste” from One Process or Company Becomes the
“Food” for Another Investing with an Eye to the Future
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Kalundborg Denmark
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“Systemic” Economic Development
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Basic Biomass
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Basic Biomass
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Sustainably Managed Forest
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Sustainable Forest Management (SFM)
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Biomass Generated Electricity & Sustainable Forest
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Using Waste Heat for the Buildings
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Biomass Heat and Power & Sustainable Forest
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Hydroponic Greenhouse Option
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Hydroponic Greenhouse Option (with CO2 Enhanced Growth)
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Fresh LOCAL Food in the
WINTER?????
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Hydroponic Lettuce
Uses 90% less water than lettuce grown in soil in California/ Arizona (where 90% of the Lettuce is grown in the US)
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Lettuce Road Trip
3,026 miles that lettuce needs to travel from California to Brunswick, Maine$135,000/Yr just in gasoline costs for shipping lettuce to the Tri-Cities area.
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Hydroponic Greenhouse Option (with CO2 Enhanced Growth) & Worm Casting Starter Pots and Worms
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80% Efficient Power Plant !!!
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Biomass Heat and Power, Sustainable Forest, Greenhouse Food, Nursery Pots
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Biomass Heat and Power, Sustainable Forest, Greenhouse Food, Nursery Pots
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Fish Farming Option
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Fish Farming Option
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Fish Farming Option
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Fish Farming Option
Organic Hydroponic
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Mushroom Farming Option
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Mushroom Farming Option
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Mushroom Farming Option
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What else can we look at
“Systemically”?
Transportation
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Financial Mechanisms and Incentives
Maine Community-Based Renewables Energy Production Incentive $0.10/kWh for up to 20 years.
Sale of Renewable Energy Credits $7/MWh (variable). Federal Renewable Energy Tax Incentives $0.022/kWh for 10
yrs. But can only be used by “For-Profit” Entities L3C Corporations have been called ”for-profit corporations
with the soul of a non-profit”. New Market Tax Credits Other Potential Grants (State of Maine, USDA, others) State of Maine Forest Service - Long Term Contract
(Predictable Reduced Risk for Lender)
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L3C Corporations
Different Vehicles: Sports Car vs. a Dump Truck A For-Profit Corp with a Social Mission (Social Enterprise) LLC Corp. (only with Low Profit) = L3C Everything that Counts in Life Can’t be Measured Cities are starting to create Public/Private Partnerships
(PPP’s) to enhance “Quality of Life” Social Mission allows Foundation Money to be “invested”
with a low return (Low Profit)
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Other Options for L3C Corporations
New Technology Incubators Can be used to separate higher risk into different investment
sections of a corporation to attract venture capital firms. Allows new companies to ride through the “funding valley of
death” until they receive venture capital. Can be used to create Community Investment Corporations
that Individuals can invest in.
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To Download or View the Report
http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy12osti/50710.pdf