Renaissance Theatre: France 1630 to 1700 - Northern State University
Transcript of Renaissance Theatre: France 1630 to 1700 - Northern State University
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Renaissance Theatre: France
1630 to 1700
King Louis XIII
1601-1643King Louis XIV
1638-1715
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Jean Baptiste Poquelin
1622-1673
• Better known as Moliere
• France’s greatest comic playwright
• Organized the Theatre Illustre at the age of 21
• We have 10 major plays
• Divide into 2 groups
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Farcical comedies
1. The Doctor In
Spite of Himself
2. The Tricks of
Scapine, also
known as Scapino
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High comedies
Comedy of character
1. Tartuffe
2. The Miser
3. The Imaginary
Invalid
4. The Misanthrope
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His Masterpiece
Tartuffe
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Moliere’s Death • He collapsed, on
stage, during a
performance of The
Imaginary Invalid
• Died later that evening
at his home
• Buried after dark in a
private ceremony
• In 1817 his remains
were moved to the
Cemetery Père
Lachaise in Paris.
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Comedie Francaise
World’s First National Theatre
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Comedie Francaise
• Formed 1680
• By order of King
Louis XIV
• Granted a
monopoly over
French drama
• Performs the works
of Moliere, Racine
and Corneille
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Pierre Cornielle
1606-1684
• Remembered for
his tragedies
• Most important
work: Le Cid
• A turning point in
French Drama
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Academie Francaise
• Organized in 1637
• Limited to "forty men of letters"
• Guiding force was Cardinal Richelieu
• Function: Regulationof the French language and literature
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Cardinal Richelieu
1586-1642
• Was King Louis XIII’s
“Chief Minister”
• Consolidated royal
power and crushed
domestic factions
• Patron of the Arts
• The antagonist in The
Three Musketeers
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Five Neoclassical rules
Product of the Academie Francaise
1. Anything which happens on stage must
be able to happen in real life
2. Every drama must preach a moral lesson
3. No mixing of dramatic styles -- a play
was either a comedy or tragedy
4. A play must observe the three unities
(time, place and action), and
5. A drama must be divided into five acts
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Neoclassic Tragedy
1. Characters must be drawn from the
nobility.
2. Plot must deal with affairs of state
3. Ending must be tragic
4. Dialogue must be poetic
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Neoclassic Comedy
• Characters drawn from the middle and
lower class
• Plot must deal with domestic affairs
• Ending must be happy
• Dialogue must be written in prose
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Jean Racine
1639-1699
• France’s most important tragic playwright
• Adapted Greektragedies
• Major work: Phaedre
• Based on Euripides' Hippolytus.
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Hotel de Bourgogne
• 1548: France's first permanent theatre
• Built by the Confraternity of the Passion
• In the town house of the Duke of Burgundy
Cyrano De Bergerac
Hotel de Bourgogne
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Palais Cardina
• Built by Cardinal
Richelieu
• 1641: Paris' first
proscenium theatre
• 1642: Renamed
Palais Royal
• Become’s home of
Moliere’s acting
company