Renaissance Introduction
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Transcript of Renaissance Introduction
The European RenaissanceThe European Renaissance““Living, I despise what melancholy fateLiving, I despise what melancholy fate
has brought us wretches in these evil years.has brought us wretches in these evil years.
Long before my birth time smiled and may again,Long before my birth time smiled and may again,for once there was, and yet will be, more joyful days.for once there was, and yet will be, more joyful days.
But in this middle age time's dregs sweep 'round us, and we bend But in this middle age time's dregs sweep 'round us, and we bend beneath a heavy load of vice. beneath a heavy load of vice.
Genius, virtue, glory now have gone, leaving chance and sloth to rule.Genius, virtue, glory now have gone, leaving chance and sloth to rule.Shameful vision this! We must awake or die. “Shameful vision this! We must awake or die. “
--- Petrarch--- Petrarch (1304-1374)(1304-1374)
The European RenaissanceThe European Renaissance
""RenaissanceRenaissance," French for ," French for ""rebirthrebirth," describes the ," describes the intellectual, artistic, and intellectual, artistic, and economic changes that economic changes that occurred in Europe from the occurred in Europe from the 1414thth-15-15thth century. century.
Where did the Renaissance Where did the Renaissance begin?begin?
The European Renaissance The European Renaissance began in northern Italy, and began in northern Italy, and was based in three was based in three independent cities; independent cities; FlorenceFlorence, , VeniceVenice, and , and MilanMilan. .
The Renaissance ideas The Renaissance ideas would eventually spread would eventually spread into northern Europe as into northern Europe as Spain and France fought Spain and France fought with each other in Italian with each other in Italian lands.lands.
So what caused the So what caused the Renaissance?Renaissance?
Recovery from the Recovery from the Black Black DeathDeath led to new commercial led to new commercial ventures & economic ventures & economic opportunityopportunity
Contact with Muslims in Spain Contact with Muslims in Spain & the Middle East led to & the Middle East led to revival of classical textsrevival of classical texts
Increased wealth led to Increased wealth led to patronage of the arts and patronage of the arts and learninglearning
HUMANISMHUMANISM HumanismHumanism was the intellectual movement based on the was the intellectual movement based on the
study of classical Greek and Roman art and literature.study of classical Greek and Roman art and literature. Resulted in a new spirit of inquiryResulted in a new spirit of inquiry Promoted the spirit of individualism & Promoted the spirit of individualism & secularismsecularism
PetrarchPetrarch, the “Father of Humanism” , the “Father of Humanism” collected Latin manuscripts and taught collected Latin manuscripts and taught that scholars should analyze the world that scholars should analyze the world around them and not rely solely on faith.around them and not rely solely on faith.
Medieval ArtMedieval Art* Focused on religion* Focused on religion* No nude forms* No nude forms* No human emotion* No human emotion* Heavy use of dull colors* Heavy use of dull colors* No backgrounds* No backgrounds* No true depth perspective* No true depth perspective
Here are some examples of art Here are some examples of art from the Middle Ages…from the Middle Ages…
Byzantine depiction of ChristByzantine depiction of Christ
What colors are predominant?What colors are predominant?What expression does Christ show?What expression does Christ show?
St. Francis of AssisiSt. Francis of Assisi
Note the expression on the Note the expression on the
face of St. Francis.face of St. Francis.
Medieval Madonna and ChildMedieval Madonna and Child
Another Medieval Madonna and Another Medieval Madonna and ChildChild
Which of the following was NOT a Which of the following was NOT a characteristic of Medieval art?characteristic of Medieval art?
1.1. No nude formsNo nude forms2.2. Religious themesReligious themes3.3. Lack of Lack of
perspectiveperspective4.4. Heavy black & Heavy black &
gold colorsgold colors5.5. Plenty of human Plenty of human
emotionemotion1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
Characteristics of Renaissance Characteristics of Renaissance ArtArt
►More sophisticated display of the human More sophisticated display of the human form (proportion, emotion, appreciation of form (proportion, emotion, appreciation of the body, natural poses, beauty)the body, natural poses, beauty)
► Masaccio – 1427Masaccio – 1427► ““Expulsion from the Expulsion from the
Garden”Garden”► First nudes since classical First nudes since classical
timestimes
Characteristics of Renaissance Characteristics of Renaissance ArtArt
►Use of linear perspectiveUse of linear perspective
► Masaccio – “The Trinity”Masaccio – “The Trinity”► First use of linear First use of linear
perspectiveperspectiveWhat you What you are, I once are, I once was; what I was; what I am, you will am, you will
become.become.
Famous Renaissance Artists:Famous Renaissance Artists:“The Ninja Turtles”“The Ninja Turtles”
►Donatello c.1386-1466Donatello c.1386-1466►Leonardo Da Vinci 1452-1519Leonardo Da Vinci 1452-1519►Michelangelo 1475-1564Michelangelo 1475-1564►Raphael 1483-1520Raphael 1483-1520
►Botticelli 1445-1510Botticelli 1445-1510
Donatello’s Donatello’s DavidDavid
Leonardo da Vinci SketchesLeonardo da Vinci Sketches
The Last SupperThe Last Supper
► The The Mona LisaMona Lisa – by – by Leonardo Da VinciLeonardo Da Vinci
► Very small painting, Very small painting, only about 12” x only about 12” x 18”.18”.
► The mystery of this The mystery of this woman still exists woman still exists today.today.
Michelangelo Michelangelo The Sistine Chapel The Sistine Chapel CeilingCeiling
Michelangelo’s DavidMichelangelo’s David
Michelangelo’s Michelangelo’s
PietaPieta
Located in St. Peter’s Basilica – The VaticanLocated in St. Peter’s Basilica – The Vatican
St. Peter’s BasilicaSt. Peter’s Basilica
Raphael’s Self-PortraitRaphael’s Self-Portrait
The School of AthensThe School of Athens
Plato and AristotlePlato and Aristotle
EratosthenesEratosthenes
Two Madonnas by RaphaelTwo Madonnas by Raphael
La Primavera by BotticelliLa Primavera by Botticelli
““The Birth of Venus” by The Birth of Venus” by BotticelliBotticelli
Northern Renaissance ArtistsNorthern Renaissance Artists► Jan Van Eyck c.1390-1441Jan Van Eyck c.1390-1441►Albrecht Durer 1471-1528Albrecht Durer 1471-1528►Hans Holbein 1497-1543Hans Holbein 1497-1543►Pieter Brueghel 1525-1569Pieter Brueghel 1525-1569
Jan Van Eyck Jan Van Eyck c.1390-1441c.1390-1441
Wedding Wedding Portrait by Portrait by Van EyckVan Eyck
Albrecht Durer Albrecht Durer “Portrait at 28”“Portrait at 28”
Knight, Death, Knight, Death, and Deviland Devil Bunny RabbitBunny Rabbit
Hans Hans HolbeinHolbein
King Henry King Henry VIIIVIII
Jane Seymour
Anne of Cleves
Catherine Howard
Three of Henry’s wivesThree of Henry’s wives
Peasant’s Dance by Pieter BrueghelPeasant’s Dance by Pieter Brueghel
Peasant’s WeddingPeasant’s Wedding