Renaissance Renaissance Diplomacy and the Diplomacy and the New Monarchs, New Monarchs,

1400-15591400-1559

Trends and Developments

Background and Characteristics

Growth of “feudal” monarchies in the High Middle Ages

Loyalty to dynasty, not to a “state” Continuing influence of nobility Cultural, economic, and geographic

divisions

Italian Influence on Diplomacy

Five major states: Milan (military despotism—Sforza), Venice (“The Serene Republic”), Florence (Medicis), Naples (backward feudal monarchy), Papal States

Established regular ambassadors Use balance of power: Peace of Lodi, 1454 Division and rivalries lead to invasion by

outside powers Habsburg-Valois Wars, 1494-1559

Tasks of State-Building Subdue the nobility Extend the royal domain (actual land under

dynastic control or allied through marriage) Gain access to revenue (taxes) Create a professional and permanent army Use royal officials loyal to crown to enforce

policies and administer justice Develop alliances with trading interests and

expand commerce Create bureaucratic apparatus (officials, tax

collectors, judges, departments, etc.)