Reminders: 1)Who is doing a project? You will present on Tuesday of next week (a week from today)....
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Transcript of Reminders: 1)Who is doing a project? You will present on Tuesday of next week (a week from today)....
Reminders:1) Who is doing a project? You will present on Tuesday
of next week (a week from today). This presentation must show your work and explain how it relates to the issues raised in class. Name and term dropping a must! Project and writeup due to my office by next Thursday at 4:15pm.
2) Exam Review on Thursday. EVERYONE be there. Evals will be done. Bribery will be offered (cookies???)
3) Next Tuesday: Presentations
4) Next Thursday: Exam
Commercial Economiesvia Lessig’s Remix
Build value with money at their core
Price is the central term of the normal, ordinary, exchange. [I give you money, you give me X]
In terms of online businesses, think Netflix or Amazon
Commercial Economies
3 Keys to Success
Long Tail
Little Brother finding ways to match customers to the stuff in
the long tail Increasing the value of the database
Lego-ized innovation: allowing others to innovate upon the platform (think Google Maps or the Netflix Prize)
Sharing Economiesvia Lessig’s Remix
Build value ignoring money
Price is poisonous; money redefines the relationship in a negative way
Me-Regarding vs. Thee-Regarding An individual participating in an economy because
it benefits her vs. participating in an economy because it benefits others Connections to civic vs. communal values via
Shirky?
Think of Wikipedia or Linux
Hybrid Economiesvia Lessig’s Remix
Builds upon both the sharing and commercial economies and adds value to both
Is either a commercial entity that aims to leverage value from a sharing economy, or it is a sharing economy that builds a commercial entity to better support its sharing aims
Think Craigslist, Flickr, or YouTube
Community SpacesHybrid Economy #1
Virtual places where people interact, sharing information or interests.
Egs: Dogster, Craigslist, Flickr, YouTube
Collaboration SpacesHybrid Economy #2
Virtual places where people believe they are there to build something together
Egs: Slashdot, Last.fm, Microsoft (Usenet), Yahoo! Answers
CommunitiesHybrid Economy #3
Virtual places people go to hang out….primary goal is to be part of a community (difference from Community Spaces??)
Egs: Second Life
Hybrid Economies:
Copyright & Legality
“As hybrids for culture have developed, the most successful of these hybrids have learned that encouraging legal creativity is the key to encouraging a healthy and successful business” (248)
Hybrid Economies:
Copyright & Legality
But…when it comes to economies and profits, Lessig points out that “market incentive alone will not be enough. Policy changes will be necessary as well” (249).
Hybrid Economies:
Reforming Law
In other words, he argues that there is money to be made by embracing amateur creativity, but that creativity needs to be protected.
Reforming Law Lessig offers 5 shifts in the law that he claims would radically improve the law’s relation to RW creativity and, in turn, improve the market for hybrids.1.Deregulating Amateur Creativity
2.Clear Title
3.Simplify
4.Decriminalize the Copy
5.Decriminalizing File Sharing
1. Deregulating Amateur Creativity
Exempt amateur noncommerical uses from the scope of the rights granted by copyright
2. Clear Title
Provide an opt-in instead of an opt-out copyright law. Those who opt-in can register with a large database that tracks usage and makes it clear WHO created the text, when, and what they intended it for.
3. Simplify
Congress must work to make the law simpler and more understandable, and make “fair use” clear and defined.
4. Decriminalize the Copy
The law should not regulate copies (something nearly impossible w/ digital technology anyway, when every use creates a
copy), but instead should regulate uses—like public distributions of copies of copyrighted work—that connect directly to the economic incentive copyright law was intended to foster.
5. Decriminalize Filesharing
Congress needs to decriminalize file sharing, either by authorizing at least noncommercial file sharing with taxes to cover a reasonable royalty to the artists whose work is shared, or by authorizing a simple blanket licensing procedure, whereby users could, for a low fee, buy the right to freely file-share.
Creative Commons
Creative Commons (CC) is a non-profit organization devoted to giving authors more control over how their work is used.
If, as an author, you want to make clear that you don’t mind if others reproduce or remix your work so long as you are given credit, you can signal this through the proper CC license.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1DKm96Ftfko
Creative Commons Licenses
Attribution (by): Users may copy, distribute, display and perform the work and make derivative works based on it only if they give the author the credits in the matter specified.
Noncommercial (nc): Users may copy, distribute, display and perform the work and make derivative works based on it only for noncommercial purposes
No Derivative Works (nd): Users may copy, distribute, display and perform only vertabtim copies of the work, not derivative works based on it.
Share-alike (sa): Users may distribute derivative works only under a license identical to the license that governs the original work.
Creative Commons Licenses
Visit http://creativecommons.org/choose/ where you will answer a series of questions. You will then be given a license that you can include in your text. It will look something like this:
This work licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.