Finger, Joseph - Flexibilities, Rules and Trade Remedies in the GATT-WTO System (2011)
Remedies Rules Outline
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Transcript of Remedies Rules Outline
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7/26/2019 Remedies Rules Outline
1/22
REMEDIES RULES OUTLINE
RULE AUTHORITY INTERPRETATION/APPLICATION
INTRO TO REMEDIES
General
Approach to
Crafting a
Remedy
Steps to Crafting a Remedy
1 Is there lia!ility? Must determine whether the defendnt is !e"!!# res$%nsi&!e f%r s%me hrm t% the $!intiff'
" Identif# the re!e(nt remedial goals'
a P!)s Ri"htfu! P%siti%n! Def)s Ri"htfu! P%siti%n
c Punishment *i'e' dis"%r"ement+d Enf%r,emente De,!re ri"hts
# Determine the $$r%$rite type of remedya S$e,ifi, Remedies *-uture Hrm+
$In%&ncti'e Relief
$Specific (erformance) C%ntr,t remed# f%r &re,h'$*rits of Mandam&s) Order t% $u&!i,/,%r$' %ffi,er t% $erf%rm dut# *Marbury+.*rits of (rohi!ition) An %rder t% ud"e t% refrin fr%m unwrrnted ,%ndu,t'$*rit of +a!as Corp&s) Order t% ustif# detenti%n %f $ris%ner'$E%ectment) Order t% ee,t $%ssess%rs fr%m $r%$ert# %wned s%me%ne e!se'
$Reple'in) Order t% $ut $!intiff in $%ssessi%n %f ,htte!s'.Declaratory ,&dgment) A de,!rti%n %f !i&i!it# %r n%n.!i&i!it#'$Stat&tory Remedies for Illegal Admin Action
! Su&stituti%nr# Remedies *-uture Hrm+c Su&stituti%nr# Remedies *Pst Hrm+
- H%w t% implement the remed#'a i'e' 0ht is the 1ri"htfu! $%siti%n2 %r 1de3ute su&stitute2
. H%w t% enforcethe remed#'
(ri'ate ' (&!lic
/a0 /itigation
1 Pri(te Lw Liti"ti%n *Trditi%n!+
A !wsuit initited %ne $rt# "inst n%ther t% determine if set %f e(ents %,,urred nd wht the ,%nse3uen,es re
L%"i,! remed# $$r%,h'" Pu&!i, Lw Liti"ti%n *M%dern+
A !wsuit initited ,!ss %f $e%$!e t% (indi,te C%nstituti%n!/Sttut%r# ri"ht'
4ud"es re m%re ,ti(e in the !wsuit'
Re3uires the use %f e3uit&!e re!ief *inun,ti%ns+ with de,ree m%dif#in" future &eh(i%r &ein" the min remed# s%u"
T+OG+ T+ERE IS A RIG+T T+ERE MA2 NOT 3E A REMED23i'ens Bivens v. Six Unknown Named Agents of Fed Bureau of Narcotics 4SCT 15617
8acts
1 Mn)s h%use is ser,hed un,%nstituti%n!!#5 ne(er ,hr"ed with n#thin" s% there is n% remed# &/, 67 USC 89:;en%wnsu&se3uent!# s 3i'ens ActionAnalysis
C%urts must h(e $%wer t% !!%w f%r remedies f%r the (i%!ti%n %f ri"hts when *8+ there is n% !ternte remed# nd *7+ C%n"re
hs n%t s$e,ifi,!!# s$%=en %n su&e,t'
1The $resent ,se in(%!(es n% s$e,i! f,t%rs ,%unse!in" hesitti%n in the &sen,e %f ffirmti(e ,ti%n C%n"ress'2
Must $r%(e tht (i%!ti%n ws %f ,!er!# est&!ished ,%nst' !w in %rder t% %&tin dm"es fr%m the "%(t'
>e# t% i(ens m# re!!# &e tht n% %ther remed# is (i!&!e
+arlan Conc&rrence
Dm"es re the %n!# remed#' Inun,ti%n is use!ess &/, it !%%=s t% the future n%t t% the $st'Dissent 43lac97
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! Diffi,u!t t% !%,te indi(idu! ,,ts'- etter t% sue stte under d%,trine %f res$%ndet su$eri%r nd h(e tri&un! t% determine m%netr# remed# f%r (i%!ti%n %f 6 th
Amendment'
Constit&tional
Torts) 3i'ens
/egacy
Bush v. Lucas 4SCT 15:#7+olding) C%urt ,nn%t im$!# remed# when %thermenin"fu! re!ief is (i!&!e'
1 -eder! em$!%#ees ,n)t &rin" i(ens ,!ims "inst their
em$!%#er'"N% $ri(te ,ti%n f%r em%ti%n! distress nd tt# fees f%r 8st
A (i%!ti%n $er$etrted "inst feder! em$!%#ee fired f%rm=in" $u&!i, sttements ,riti,! %f his "en,# where!e"is!ti%n $r%(ides f%r *8+ reinsttement *7+ retr%,ti(eseni%rit# *;+ retr%,ti(e &,= $#
Chappel v. allace 4SCT 15:#7*n% $ri(te ,ti%n f%rmi!itr# $ers%nne! wh% re inured due t% un,%st)! ,ti%ns %fsu$eri%rs+
Schweiker v. Chilick! 4SCT 15::7
8acts)C%n"ress ref%rms C%ntinuin" Dis&i!it# Re(iew Pr%"rm*CDR+ whi,h SSD dis&i!it# ,!ims re re(iewed'Pr%(ides f%r m%re ,refu! re(iew &ef%re deni! ndretr%,ti(e &enefits if'(roced&re
Suit f%r ment! nd em%ti%n! distress f%r d%$tin"un,%nstituti%n! i!!e"! $%!i,ies tht terminted &enefits in(i%!ti%n %f PDP ri"hts'+olding;Analysis
1 C%urt ,nn%t im$!# remed# when %ther menin"fu! re!ief is(i!&!e' D%es n%t mtter if re!ief is in,%m$!ete'
" C%n" hs ,%nsidered this situti%n nd $r%(ided meaningfulremedies' Must sh%w deferen,e t% C%n"'
# Li=e the $!intiff inBush the# were reinstted@ "i(enretr%,ti(e &enefits nd there is n%thin" n!%"%us t%
seni%rit#'Chilicky hd the sttute n%t !red# &een m%difiedinun,ti(e re!ief w%u!d ,!er!# &e $$r%$riteDissent
The new SSD enefit Ref%rm A,t %f 89:6 d%es n%t &enefitthese indi(idu!s' C%n"' d%es n%t h(e s$e,i! e
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(RE/IMINAR2 RE/IER8
Interloc&tory
Appeal
Interloc&tory appeal of TRO or (relim In%&nction is a'aila!le*,n &e e
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,h!!en"ed dmin "en,# ,ti%n'
)aster Builders of *owa v. Fort )adison (rison*hs n%t%,,urred #et &ut $!)s wise!# s%u"ht TRO t% $re(ent sttefr%m si"nin" >+
&/, s%(erei"n immunit# $re(ents > suits "inst sttes' Truem%st muni,i$! &%nd ,ses'
Motion for a
TRO in Moore
)oore v. Cit! of 'es )oines 4SDIA 15:-7
*L%(e!! usedDataphase stndrd&ut m#&ePlanne Parenthoo w%u!d $$!# sin,e "%(ernment ,ti%n is &ein" ,h!!en"ed+
1 Irre$r&!e Hrm -%,us %n ,!ss &sed nture %f the re!ief w/%ut inun,ti%n it wi!! t=e t !est %ne #er unti! the ne AAI/A3I/IT2> AND SCO(E O8 IN,NCTIONS
(rere&isites for In%&ncti'e Relief
In%&nctions
Generally
In%&nction
1 An EJUITALE REMEDY@ in the f%rm %f COURT ORDER tht dire,ts $ers%n t% ,t %r refrin fr%m ,tin" *$r%hi&its %r,%m$e!s/restrins %r en%ins+ in s$e,ifi, w#'
" Enf%r,ement C%er,i(e remed# enf%r,ed $%wer %f ,%ntem$t'a C%m$enst%r# ,i(i! ,%ntem$t If inun,ti%n/%rder is (i%!ted ,%urt m# wrd m%netr# ,%m$ensti%n t% $!intiff The
,%ntemn%r hs n% ri"ht t% ur# tri! nd ,%urt wi!! t#$i,!!# wrd $! tt# fees *e
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a 0i!! "rntin" the inun,ti%n im$%se undue hrdshi$ %r unfirness t% defendnt- (&!lic interestwi!! n%t &e disser(ed $ermnent inun,ti%n
a D% n%t h(e t% $r%(e furthern,e %f $u&!i, interest' *wi!! n%t@ itse!f@ t#$i,!!# %$erte t% den# re!ief entire!# but seeMil"aukee v. #ctivate Sluge+
! Pr,ti,!it# %f Enf%r,ement N% %(erwhe!min" m%nit%rin"/enf%r,ement &urden %n the ,%urt' Is it w%rth it fr%m ndministrti%n %f usti,e stnd$%int
Monsanto) Reesta!lishes 8o&r$8actor Analysis II3(1 irrepara!le in%&ry *thret %f !e"! hrm ne,essittin" C%urt ,ti%n+" remedies (i!&!e t !w re inade&ate# !alancing of hardships;e&itiesindi,tes tht remed# in e3uit# is wrrnted *sh%u!d ,%me first if there is sttute s in $ec
%r %&ut sttute hs t% &e dmn ,!er+- p&!lic interestwi!! n%t &e disser'ed $ermnent inun,ti%n *furthern,e %f $u&!i, interest+ *wi!! n%t@ itse!f@ t#$i,!!#
%$erte t% den# re!ief entire!# but see Mil"aukee v. #ctivate Sluge+
3lac9 /etter
Cases
-#a! v. )ercexchange 4SCT "
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%ther f,t%rs !s% m%ti(ted the $r,ti,e' *!%wers $!)s &urden %f $r%%f+
E(en if em$!%#er ,n $r%(e the# w%u!d n%t h(e rehired n#w# it is %n!# $rti! defense in this ,se' If this is sh%wn it !im
remed# t% inun,ti(e nd de,!rt%r# re!ief nd tt# fees/,%sts' Remed# is &si,!!# tt# fees nd sttement d%n)t d% it "in
Note that cong has the po0er to alter remedies for constl 'iolations
'eBoom v. "aining "ose4IA7 4w%mn is fired@ $$rent!# &e,use %f $re"nn,#' Un,!er whether IA !!%ws fu!! re,%(er#where dis,riminti%n is mere!# m%ti(tin" f,t%r+
)ckennon v. Nashville Banner (u# Co. 4SCT 155.7 *After ,3uired e(iden,e ,se+8acts
0%mn ste!s fi!es tht $r%(e she wi!! &e fired f%r "e dis,rim)# $ur$%se
+olding
0hen em$!%#er is ttem$tin" t% ustif# terminti%n@ the# re !imited the =n%w!ed"e the# hd t the time %f terminti%n'Analysis
0here em$!%#ee i!!e"!!# t=es h%me ,%nfidenti! d%,uments t% dem%nstrte she ws im$r%$er!# terminted this fter ,3uire
e(iden,e@ un=n%wn t% the em$!%#er t the time %f terminti%n d%es n%t $r%(ide su$er(enin" !e"! res%n f%r terminti%n'
N% reinsttement sin,e she ,n &e terminted u$%n dis,%(er# %f fter ,3uired e(iden,e' Pr%$er remed# is &,= $# fr%m dt
%f terminti%n t% dte fter ,3uired e(iden,e *%f theft+ ws dis,%(ered'
Right (lace in
Reconsideration
Relief Cases
Rightf&l (osition as Reconsideration or Remand to Agency in Administrati'e /a0
Reconsideration Relief) A remed# (i!&!e t% the $!intiff t% h(e n dministrti(e &%d# re,%nsider $ri%r h%!din"'Ri"htfu! $!,e is err%r free de,isi%n' D%es n%t ment P!intiff ne,essri!# "ets wht he wnts'
Rightf&l (lace in(attern (ractice
Cases
"i%%o v. &oode 4SCT 156B7Rre!# wi!! n inun,ti%n issue "inst un!wfu! nd un,%st' $%!i,e ,ti%n &/, the issues re (er# de!i,te'8acts
Hi"h $%!i,e %ffi,i!s re sued f%r $er(si(e $ttern %f i!!e"! nd un,%nstituti%n! mistretment $%!i,e %ffi,ers under thethe%r# %f %ffi,i! indifferen,e t% $%!i,e mis,%ndu,t nd the !i=e!ih%%d tht it w%u!d re%,,ur'+oldings
1 Inun,ti%ns must &e ti!%red s% tht the# re !imited t% f%r,in" th%se dud"ed t% h(e (i%!ted $!intiff)s ri"hts t% rest%re themt% their ri"htfu! $%siti%n' *def must &e !i&!e %r there is n% remed# "inst tht defendnt+
" Inun,ti%ns wi!! n%t issue if there is n%t thret %f future hrm'# An inun,ti%n sh%u!d %n!# issue in %rder t% (indi,te ri"hts'
Analysis
1 N%nfesn,e s t% hi"h $%!i,e %ffi,i!s in this ,se' N% $%!i,# %f i"n%rin" $%!i,e &use' M!fesnt mis,%ndu,t ws !%w!e(e! %ffi,ers n%t the hi"h !e(e! %ffi,ers &ein" sued'
" T#$i,!!# inun,ti(e re!ief d%es n%t run "inst indi(idu! %ffi,ers# D% n%t red t% &r%d!#' Misfesn,e hi"h $%!i,e %ffi,i!s w%u!d h(e !!%wed f%r inun,ti%n' See ,ague v. C.*..*,se
!!%win" inun,ti%n "inst m#%r nd ,hief %f $%!i,e f%r ,ti(e misfesn,e+
-" SC 1-1-1) i(es U'S' De$t' %f 4usti,e uth%rit# t% &rin" $ttern nd $r,ti,e !iti"ti%n t% en%in $%!i,e mis,%ndu,t'
Ne0 ,ersey Consent Decree) DO4 %&tined inun,ti%n e!iminted use %f r,e in $%!i,e ,ti(ities' This is !!%wed@ $%st.Ri''o&e,use it ws the U'S' *n%t indi(idu!s+ suin" N4' C%n"ress m%dified RiBB% with 67 USC 86868 !!%win" f%r DO4 suits'
Rightf&l (lace in
Election Cases
)arks v. Stinson 4#d Cir 155-7 *if $! !%ses e!e,ti%n due t% f!wed (%te ,%untin" new e!e,ti%n wi!! n%t &e %rdered un!ess hedem%nstrtes tht m%re (%tes were ffe,ted thn the mr"in %f (i,t%r#+ BU/ S--)"- /,AN "*&,/FUL (LAC-
-L-C/*N CAS-S
Bell v. Southwell4.th Cir 15B67*where ,ndidte is &!,= nd &!,= (%ters re e
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# Deferen,e sh%wn t% "i(e $ris%n dmin nd !e" the &enefit %f the d%u&t' Ct ,nn%t t=e %(er $ris%n nd re,%"niBes tht the# understffed'
- Durin" !wsuit $ris%n $%!i,# ws ,hn"ed t% !!%w f%r herin"' /o'ell su,,essfu!!# r"ued $ri%r herin" ws re3)d $ri%r t%se"re"ti%n underMorrissey "rie(%us !%ssstndrd' )orisse! v. Brewer4IASCT7
a re3)s de3ute $r%,edur! herin"s in,!udin" d(%,te f%r !! inmtes in IDU unit within 8 d#s'! retins urisdi,ti%n t% ensure new !red# $$r%(ed herin" $r%,edures re im$!emented
. Ct h%!ds "inst $!s %n ,h!!en"e re IDU se,!usi%n unit' &ut retins urisdi,ti%n t% "i(e !e" ,hn,e t% $ss &i!! under
,%nsiderti%n tht w%u!d $r%(ide f%r ren%(ti%n@ m%re "urds *!ess thn ri"htfu! $!,e remed# t time %f issun,e+'B Pris%n stff ws %$enin" tt# ,%rres$%nden,e' This (i%!ted ri"ht t% ,%unse! under th@ nd 86thAmds' Ct h%!ds tht it ,n %n!
&e %$ened in fr%nt %f inmte@ if there is sus$i,i%n %f ,%ntr&nd'
6 Ct %rdered D'O' unit ,!%sed within 7 d#s'a L%n" term ,%nfinement in D'O' se" is n%t un,%st' &ut $eri%di, ; d# re(iew herin"s with d(ersr# settin" is re3)d! One #er !ter D'O' se,!usi%n unit hd &een ,%n(erted int% $ris%n !i&rr# with s=#!i"hts@ wind%ws'
Note)#ikensws $ris%n ref%rm stru,tur!/re$rti(e inun,ti%n' In 899 in"ri,h nd PLRA !imits re!ief'
Rightf&l (lace in
(D( (risoner
Cases
)orrisse! v. Brewer4IASCT 156"7*Pr%!e is !i&ert# interest t% whi,h due $r%,ess tt,hes+
Grie'o&s /oss Standard
If there is $%tenti! f%r "rie(%us !%ss the f%!!%win" re re3)d1 de3ute nd time!# written n%ti,e %f the ,hr"e" fir %$$%rtunit# t% e
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$!,e remed#'
3alancing)
More Than
Rightf&l (lace
Remedy
Times 0hen a more than rightf&l place remedy is appropriate
1 Ct is de!in" with o!str&ctionist or recalcitrantdefendnt" (rophyla@is and Impossi!ility)It is (er# diffi,u!t t% fshi%n $re,ise ri"htfu! $!,e remed# &ut &ri"ht !ine m%re thn ri"htfu
$!,e remed# is esi!# enf%r,e&!e
omen (risoners v. 'C
E(iden,e %f &use resu!ts in h%t!ine@ "rie(n,e $r%,edure@ stff trinin"@ re$%rtin" me,hnism@ em$!%#ee sn,ti%ns@ e
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) v. 4enkins *** 4SCT 155.7 4'ol&ntary approach7
+olding) The ,%urt ,nn%t remed# n intrdistri,t $r%&!em %rderin" remed# with n interdistri,t $ur$%se'>C m"net $r%"rm is n interdistri,t remed# whi,h is &e#%nd the s,%$e %f the intrdistri,t ,%nst)! (i%!ti%n theref%re DCT 1hs de(ised remed#,,%m$!ish indire,t!# wht it dmitted!# !,=s the remedi! uth%rit# t% mndte dire,t!# the interdistri,t trnsfer %f students2Analysis
1 nli9eSwann no interdistrict 'iolation only intradistrict 'iolation
" DCT %rdered tht !! s,h%%!s in >C distri,t &e,%me m"net s,h%%!s %! ws t% ttr,t white student tht !eft the distri,t t% return'
# S,%$e %f the remed# ws &r%der thn Mi!!i=en Cnn%t su$$%rt intrdistri,t remed# with un!imited e
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Constl ariations of Inade&acy Re
1 th A $ermittin" t=in" %f $r%$ert# f%r $u&!i, use the th A denies %wner inun,ti(e re!ief see $elo v. Cit! of New London*dm"es remed# mndted+
" 8st A Pr%hi&iti%n %n $ri%r restrint m=es it mu,h esier t% ,%!!e,t dm"es thn en%in s$ee,h' Must wit unti! fter hrm nfi!e ,ti%n ie defmti%n'
Stat&tory ariations of Inade&acy Re1 T< Inun,ti%n A,t n% fed inun,ti%ns f%r t< %(er ssessment where stte !w $r%(ides remed#'" Sttute m# $r%s,ri&e %r $res,ri&e de3ute remed# ru!e
a EPA ,!en u$ ,nn%t &e ,h!!en"ed unti! fter the f,t t% $re(ent de!#s nd e
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$$e!' SCT ru!ed tht when m%ti%n t% 3ush su&$%endu,es te,um is denied m%(nt m# (i%!te it nd if ,ited f%r,%ntem$t m# $r%$er!# ,%ntest its (!idit# in the ,%ntem$t
$r%,eedin"'
alker v. Cit! of Birmingham 4SCT 15B67 4Still Good
/a07 4ML> nd %thers en%ined *e< $rte TRO+ fr%m
h%!din" dem%nstrti%n %n %%d -rid#' The# did s% n#w#'Cited with ,%ntem$t whi,h is u$he!d under ,%!!ter! &rru!e'+Dissent) Ordinn,e $r%(ided f%r ,rimin! sn,ti%ns nd ,it#,%u!d h(e $r%se,uted f%r misdemen%r' Ct usur$ed fun,ti%n%f ur#' Unfir in $ri%r restrint ,se &/, if #%u re
$r%se,uted f%r ,rime &ut def hs ,%nst)! ,h!!en"e t% sttute this is n &s%!ute defense' Defendnt)s werere$eted!# denied $ermit' E< $rte TRO@ !,= %fre$resentti%n is mnifest!# unfir' r%d TRO with!n"u"e %f $rde %rdinn,e' Less thn 76 hrs t% m%dif# %rdiss%!(e TRO with n% tt#s (i!&!e' BU/ S--
Carroll v. (resident of (rincess Anne4SCT 15B:7
>>> R!!# is en%ined' In -irst A $ri%r restrint ,se TRO
issuin" $ri%r restrint is trns$rent!# in(!id if n% sh%win"is mde tht it is im$%ssi&!e t% ser(e %r n%tif# %$$%sin"
$rties nd t% "i(e them %$$%rtunit# t% $rti,i$te'
*n re (rovidence 4ournal Co41stCir 15:67P$er hs ;.d#TRO $ut %n it n%t t% run st%r# &%ut mfi =in" deth'i%!tes TRO@ whi,h su&se3uent!# is f%und t% &e un,%nst'under 8stmendment'(er c&riam) Pu&!ishers must@ in "%%d fith@ see= e
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inter$retti%n %f 88thA in$ans." T% re,%n,i!e the tw% the ,t in(ented the stri$$in"
d%,trine'# est w# t% understnd this is tht 86 thA ,me fter 88thA
nd is s$e,ifi,!!# intended t% !imit s%(erei"n immunit#%f the stte'
Castle "ock v. &on%ales4SCT "
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# Pu&!i, Pur$%se ser(ed'
Consent Decrees
in Cases Against
the State
Frew v. ,awkins 4SCT "
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Lw#er sh%u!d &e sure t% ,%nsider dm"es fr%m d# %ne %f the ,se
Remitturer feder! ,%urts d% n%t !!%w dditur
(res&med damages) when $!intiff see=s ,%m$ensti%n f%r n inur# tht is !i=e!# t% h(e %,,urred &ut diffi,u!t t% est&!ish'Rti%n!e &sed %n hrd t% 3untif# nd &r%d ,%nsensus tht ,tu! inur# t=es $!,e' If !i&i!it# is $r%(en $! ,n "% t% the uwith%ut $r%%f %f inur#' *defmti%n@ ssu!t nd &tter#+
J&antification
of Damages
)emphis v. Stachtura 4SCT 15:B7
8acts) Te,her see=s ,%m$enst%r# nd $uniti(e dm"es f%r (i%!ti%n %f se, 89:; ri"hts *8stA nd 86thA SDP+' Sus$endedwith $# &ut = n%t renewed'+olding) Dm"es &sed %n the &str,t 1(!ue2 %r 1im$%rtn,e2 %f ,%nstituti%n! ri"hts re n%t $ermissi&!e e!ement %f,%m$enst%r# dm"es in 89:; ,ses'Analysis) T% ("ue nd uth%riBes r&itrr# wrds' M!i,e is re3)d f%r $uniti(e dm"es' Sin,e 89:; uth%riBes,%m$enst%r# dm"es $resumed dm"es ,nn%t &e (i!&!e here'
E&ita!le '
/egal Relief
)ertens v. ,ewitt Associates*denies ,%m$ dm"es inERISA ,ses sin,e the se,ti%n %f the sttute in 3uesti%ns$e,ifi,!!# uth%riBes %n!# e3uit&!e re!ief+
/eamsters v. /err!
L&%r !w ,se in issue %f whether uni%n hd &re,hed itsdut# %f fir re$resentti%n t% s%me mem&ers'+y!rid action)$rt &re,h %f > nd &re,h %f fidu,ir# dut#
Ct !%%=ed t the nat&re of the remedy;reliefnd f%und ththere it ws ,%ntr%!!in"' ,=$# nd &enefits re e3ui(!entt% ,%m$ dm"es' Theref%re@ ri"ht t% ur# tri!'
/egal ' E&ita!le
Ri"ht t% ur# tri! is ,i(i! ,ses is determined whether re!i
wi!! &e e3uit&!e %r !e"!@ h%we(er there re times whene3uit# ,ts r%utine!# wrd m%ne# dm"es *ie &re,h %ftrust+'
Cts h(e f%und &,=$# %r fr%nt$# re !e"! remedies'
Under Tit!e II &,=$# nd fr%nt$# re ,hr,teriBed s
e3uit&!e re!ief under the sttute' Ct wi!! !!%w ,%n" t%
,!ssif# &,=$# s !e"! %r e3uit&!e remed#' /eamstev. /err!
Tort Damages A!ers v. 4ackson /ownship4N, 15:67
8acts)T%
-
7/26/2019 Remedies Rules Outline
15/22
e
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7/26/2019 Remedies Rules Outline
16/22
State Farm v Camp#ell 4SCT "
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7/26/2019 Remedies Rules Outline
17/22
Buckhannon Board v. 0 4SCT " w/ $! s we!!+
&rat% v. Bollinger 4SCT "
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7/26/2019 Remedies Rules Outline
18/22
hd &een f%und undert=in" t% d% m%re thn the C%nstituti%n itse!f re3uires' "ufo
-vans v. 4eff '. *tt# fees ,t d%es n%t $re(ent $rt# fr%m wi(in" e!i"i&i!it# f%r tt# fees in ,%nsent de,ree+
Standard for
Modification of
Consent Decree
Swift 415#"7) Crd%B% If the defendnt m%(es t% m%dif# ninun,ti%n it wi!! %n!# t=e $!,e if there is 1,!er sh%win"%fgrievous "ronge(%=ed new nd unf%reseen,%nditi%ns2
United Shoe 415B:7) Su$ ,t h%!ds tht 1"re(i%us wr%n"2stndrd d%es n%t $$!# t% P!s' On!# $$!ies t% m%difi,ti%nsre3uested defendnt see=in" t% (%id res$%nsi&i!itiesunder the im$%sed %rder'
Frew v. ,awkins 4SCT "
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7/26/2019 Remedies Rules Outline
19/22
M=es $$! !ess !i=e!# t% enter de,rees
Unfir t% f%r,e $! t% re!iti"te fter #ers %f
ne"%titi%n. Stri,ter stndrd sh%u!d $$!# where m%difi,ti%n
re3uests undermine ,entr! $ur$%se %f ,%nsent de,ree'
hite
C%nsent de,ree &nned uni%n sh%$s nd then !e" ws $ssedtht !!%wed uni%n sh%$s' This ws &sis f%r m%difi,ti%n'
tht it ,%nf%rms t% ,%nstituti%n! f!%%r'
Defer t% !%,! uth%rities' -inn,i! ,%nstrints re !e"it
,%n,erns &ut m# n%t &e used t% ustif# ,%nstituti%n!(i%!ti%ns' 4enkins
Relief from an
Order;,&dgmen
t in Instit&tional
Reform /itig
,orne v. Flores 4SCT "
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7/26/2019 Remedies Rules Outline
20/22
heeling #ridge 4SCT 1:.< 7 *where under!#in" !w is ,hn"ed ,%n"ress inun,ti(e re!ief m# &e,%me unenf%r,e&!e+
C%n"ress ,n $ss !ws whi,h in(!idte ,%urt de,isi%n when it hs t% d% with $r%s$e,ti(e re!ief &ut n%t dm"es de,isi%nf%r $st hrm'
CASE NAMES
Biven Con /ort &ivings
Bivens v. Six Unknown Named Agents
of Fed Bureau of Narcotics 4SCT
15617
No Emotional 3&sh
Bush v. Lucas 4SCT 15:#7
Mili$C+A((E/ 3i'ens 3a!!le
Chappel v. allace 4SCT 15:#7
No 3i'ens SSD in Chilic9ySchweiker v. Chilick! 4SCT 15::7
*il9ie 3i'ens " 8actory
ilkie v. "o##ins 4SCT "
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7/26/2019 Remedies Rules Outline
21/22
Appeal to Tric9in Contempt in
Griffin
&riffin v. Count! School Bd of (rince
-dward Count!
CollaterO33/EDIC E@ception
Co##ledick v. US 4SCT 15-
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7/26/2019 Remedies Rules Outline
22/22