Relay in the Urban Setting Making Water Supply Work for You!

Relay in the Urban SettingRelay in the Urban Setting

Making Water Supply Work Making Water Supply Work for You!for You!

Does the City of Henderson Have an Does the City of Henderson Have an Adequate Water Supply System to Adequate Water Supply System to Fight Large, Defensive Fires?Fight Large, Defensive Fires?

• Parowan FireParowan Fire

• Crystal Creek FireCrystal Creek Fire

• Pallet Yard FirePallet Yard Fire

• Quail Run FireQuail Run Fire

Case Study : Quail Run FireCase Study : Quail Run Fire

• January 15, 2011 (approx. 10am)January 15, 2011 (approx. 10am)

• Large custom home in District 94Large custom home in District 94

• E94 hooks closest hydrant (100’) for offensive attack, E94 hooks closest hydrant (100’) for offensive attack, uses 2 1/2” valve w/3” line for additional supplyuses 2 1/2” valve w/3” line for additional supply

• T82 sets up behind E94 for Roof Div. assignmentT82 sets up behind E94 for Roof Div. assignment

• Fire transitions to defensive, truck uses aerial Fire transitions to defensive, truck uses aerial streams streams

• E98 who is staged at hydrant (500’), forwards in and E98 who is staged at hydrant (500’), forwards in and supplies trucksupplies truck

• Aerial, A Div., B Div., and D Div. play “musical master Aerial, A Div., B Div., and D Div. play “musical master streams” due to inadequate water supplystreams” due to inadequate water supply

E98 Supplies T82 on Quail Run Fire E98 Supplies T82 on Quail Run Fire

E98 is Approx. 20’ uphill from E98 is Approx. 20’ uphill from House with White Tile RoofHouse with White Tile Roof

Hydrant is Located 500’ away, 20’ Hydrant is Located 500’ away, 20’ downhilldownhill

Water Supply FactsWater Supply Facts• 100’ of 5” hose = 5psi FL per 100’ of 5” hose = 5psi FL per

1000gpm 1000gpm flowingflowing

• 20’ of elevation gain = 10 psi FL20’ of elevation gain = 10 psi FL

• 2nd principle of fluid pressure states 2nd principle of fluid pressure states fluid at rest (static) is of the same fluid at rest (static) is of the same intensity (pressure) in all directionsintensity (pressure) in all directions

• 66thth principle of fluid pressure states principle of fluid pressure states the pressure of a fluid on the bottom the pressure of a fluid on the bottom of a container is independent of the of a container is independent of the shape of the containershape of the container

Water Facts Cont…Water Facts Cont…

• A 70-psi hydrant static pressure (SP) will A 70-psi hydrant static pressure (SP) will read 70 psi no matter the length of 5” read 70 psi no matter the length of 5” we attach, because we are simply we attach, because we are simply changing the shape of the containerchanging the shape of the container

• Once water is Once water is flowingflowing FL occurs FL occurs• A 70-psi hydrant would lose 25 psi on A 70-psi hydrant would lose 25 psi on

the the supply side supply side once water is flowing by once water is flowing by the time it reaches the pumper’s inlet the time it reaches the pumper’s inlet with 500’ of 5” on the ground without with 500’ of 5” on the ground without factoring in any potential elevation gainfactoring in any potential elevation gain

Furthermore…Furthermore…

• 35 psi FL (500’ of 5” & 20’ elevation) is about a 35 psi FL (500’ of 5” & 20’ elevation) is about a 50% drop on most hydrants50% drop on most hydrants

• 16-25% drop is the highest for flowing 1 like-16-25% drop is the highest for flowing 1 like-lineline

• If we have a 1500gpm hydrant how much less If we have a 1500gpm hydrant how much less water we will be available after a percentage water we will be available after a percentage drop twice that?drop twice that?

• Regardless of the flow available in any given Regardless of the flow available in any given hydrant, we are not using its’ full potential by hydrant, we are not using its’ full potential by forwarding large distances from a secondary forwarding large distances from a secondary hydrant on potential defensive fires!hydrant on potential defensive fires!

Water Supply Test on Station Water Supply Test on Station 82 Drill Grounds on 1/31/1182 Drill Grounds on 1/31/11

• Lay 40’ bypass to Lay 40’ bypass to engineengine, record flow, record flow• Lay 600’ of 5” to Lay 600’ of 5” to engineengine, record flow, record flow• Place Place supply pumpersupply pumper at hydrant, lay at hydrant, lay

600’ of 5” to 600’ of 5” to attack pumperattack pumper, record , record flowflow

• ResultsResults

5” Bypass to Attack Engine5” Bypass to Attack Engine• Static Pressure = 55 psiStatic Pressure = 55 psi

• Volume of Flow = 1350 gpmVolume of Flow = 1350 gpm

• Residual Pressure = Residual Pressure = 20psi20psi

5” & 3” Bypass to Attack 5” & 3” Bypass to Attack EngineEngine

• Static Pressure = 55 psiStatic Pressure = 55 psi



600-Foot Forward to Attack 600-Foot Forward to Attack EngineEngine• Static Pressure = 55 psiStatic Pressure = 55 psi



600-Foot Relay to Attack 600-Foot Relay to Attack EngineEngine• Static Pressure = 55 psiStatic Pressure = 55 psi

• Volume of Flow = 1300 gpm w/ only 5”Volume of Flow = 1300 gpm w/ only 5”

• Residual Pressure = Residual Pressure = 20psi 20psi 20psi20psi

600-Foot Relay to Attack 600-Foot Relay to Attack EngineEngine• Static Pressure = 55 psiStatic Pressure = 55 psi

• Volume of Flow = 1680 gpm w/ 3” addedVolume of Flow = 1680 gpm w/ 3” added

• Residual Pressure = Residual Pressure = 20psi 20psi 20psi20psi

ResultsResults• Showed hydrant had at least 1700 gpm available Showed hydrant had at least 1700 gpm available

with shortest lay possiblewith shortest lay possible

• Showed as we laid 600’ away, on flat ground, we Showed as we laid 600’ away, on flat ground, we lost more than ½ of available waterlost more than ½ of available water

• Showed static pressure reading tricks us into Showed static pressure reading tricks us into believing we have same water regardless of 5” believing we have same water regardless of 5” lengthlength

• Showed adding a source pumper enabled us to Showed adding a source pumper enabled us to maximize hydrant’s available watermaximize hydrant’s available water

• Adding source pumper enables us to use Adding source pumper enables us to use additional 3” to our advantage additional 3” to our advantage

Relay in the Urban Setting Making Water Supply Work for You!

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