Regional Interactions - Mr. O's World History I wiki -...

Regional Interactions

Cultures in the Eastern and Western Hemisphere

Thursday, February 28, 2013

VOCABULARY1. Maritime Routes- Connected through

the sea or body of water

2. Archipelago- Four main islands of Japan

3. Trans-Saharan- Trade routes across the Sahara desert. Gold for salt was very important to this trade route

4. Diffusion- Spread

5. Shinto- Religion in Japan; Worship of the Forces of Nature

6. Sub-Saharan- Region south of the Sahara Desert in Africa


Vocabulary

7. Animism- soul or spirit is present in every object on earth

8. Amber- fossil that is used to make jewelry and important to trade; Came from the Baltic Region (areas around the Baltic Sea)


Western Hemisphere Vocabulary

1. Mayan- Civilization located in Mexican and Central American rainforest.

2. Chichen Itza- Ruins of an old Mayan City

3. Aztec- Civilization that was located in valley present day central Mexico.

4. Tenochtitlan- Old city of the Aztecs in present Mexico city

5. Inca- Group settled in Andes Mountains of South America


Vocabulary

6. Machu Picchu- Ancient city of the Incas

7. Tribute- Money and gifts given to a ruler in return for protection.


Europe Asia

Africa

Australia Thursday, February 28, 2013

North America

South America


Eastern Hemisphere Trade Routes

• During the Medieval Period, several major trading routes developed in the Eastern Hemisphere.

• These trading routes developed among Europe, Africa, and Asia


Trade Routes in the Eastern Hemisphere

• Silk roads across Asia to the Mediterranean basin

• Maritime routes across the Indian Ocean

• Trans-Saharan routes across North Africa

• Northern European links with the Black Sea

• Western Europe sea and river trade

• South China Sea and lands to Southeast Asia


Eastern Hemisphere

JapanChina

Med. Sea

Indian Ocean

S. China SeaSahara

Baltic Sea


Diffusion of Goods through Trade

• Goods diffused along the trade routes included:

• Gold from West Africa

• Spices from lands around the Indian Ocean

• Textiles from India, China, the Middle East, and later Europe

• Porcelain from China and Persia

• Amber from the Baltic region


Diffusion of Technology through Trade

•Paper from China through the Muslim world to Byzantium to Western Europe

•New crops from India (For example: making sugar)

•Waterwheels and Windmills

•Navigation- Compass from China, lateen sail from Indian Ocean


Waterwheel- Uses water to create Power


Lateen Sail


Diffusion of Ideas through Trade

• Spread of religions across the hemisphere

• Buddhism from China to Korea to Japan

• Hinduism and Buddhism from India to Southeast Asia

• Islam into West Africa, Central and Southeast Asia

• Printing and paper money from China


Japan


Japan

• Japanese cultural development was influenced by proximity to China.

• Shinto and Buddhism coexisted as religious traditions in Japanese culture


Map of Japan


Location and Place of Japan

• Mountainous Japanese archipelago (four main islands).

• Sea of Japan or East Sea between Japan and Asian mainland

• Proximity to China and Korea


Influence of Chinese Culture

• Writing

• Architecture

• Buddhism


Shinto

• Ethnic religion unique to Japan

• Importance of natural features, forces of nature, and ancestors

• State religion; worshiping the emperor

• Coexistence (existed together) with Buddhism


African Civilizations

• African civilizations developed in sub-Saharan west and east Africa.

• States and empires flourished in Africa including Ghana, Mali, and Songhai in west Africa.

• Axum in East Africa

• Zimbabwe in southern Africa


Axum

• Location relative to Ethiopian Highlands and the Nile River

•Christian kingdom


Zimbawe

• Location relative to the Zambezi and Limpopo Rivers and the Indian Ocean coast

• City of Great Zimbabwe as capital of a prosperous empire


West African Kingdoms

• Location of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai relative to Niger River and Sahara

• IMPORTANCE of GOLD and SALT to the Sahara trade

• City of TIMBUKTU as center of trade and learning

• Role of animism and Islam


Sahara DesertNile

Ghana

Mali Songhai

Niger River

Zambezi River

Limpopo River

* Great Zimbabwe

* Axum

Ethiopian Highlands

Atlantic Ocean

IndianOcean


Western Hemisphere

North America

South America


Aztec Mayan

Incas

AMI


Mayan, Aztec, and Incan Civilizations• The Aztec, Mayan, and Inca civilizations

emerged in South America, Central America, and Mexico

•Mayan

Chichen Itza

Aztecs


Mayan Civilization

• Located in the Mexican and Central American rainforest

• Represented by Chichen Itza

• Group of city states ruled by a king

• Economy based on agriculture and trade

• Polytheistic Religion- Pyramids


Aztec Civilization

• Located in arid valley in central Mexico

• Represented by Tenochtitlan

• Ruled by an emperor

• Economy based on agriculture and tribute from conquered people

• Polytheistic religion- Pyramids/ performing rituals


Aztecs

Tenochtitlan


Incas

• Located in the Andes Mountains of S. America

• Represented by Macchu Picchu

• Ruled by an Emperor

• Economy based on high altitude agriculture

• Polytheistic religion

• Road system used to connect the empire


IncasMachu Picchu


Achievements of Aztecs, Incas, and

Mayans

• Calendar

• Mathematics

• Writing and other record keeping systems


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