Reform

Florence and Venice in the Renaissance HI320

Girolamo Savonarola (1452 – 1498)

Fra Bartolomeo, Savonarola (1497)

The convent of San Marco in Florence

Fra Angelico, Crucifixion, San Marco

1494: turning point

“If you do this, your city will be glorious, because in this way it will be reformed with regard to both the spiritual and the temporal. And Florence will become richer and more powerful than ever and will extend its power to many places”

• followers: piagnoni, frateschi

• fanciulli = male youth groups

• opponents: arrabbiati (also compagnacci)

Politics and Religion

Spiritual Renewal

A bonfire of vanities by San Bernardino of Siena

• Pope Alexander VI (Rodrigo Borgia, r. 1492-1503)

23 May 1498, Execution of Savonarola

• Fifth Lateran Council

1512-17

• spirituali

Sixteenth-Century Reform

Cardinal Gaspare Contarini (1483-1542)

1540s: another turning point

•intransigenti

•Jesuit Order

•Inquisition

•apostasy

•Council of Trent

Fra Bernardino Ochino (1487-

64)

Catholic Reform

1564 Index of Prohibited Books

Veronese, The feast in the house of Levi, 1573