References for nuclear fusion and particle accelerators€¦ · accelerators, nuclear fusion, and...

References for nuclear fusion

Power Conversion Systems

and particle accelerators

› JEMA

Jema Energy is a company specialized in the design and manufacture of power

electronics solutions. The company was founded in 1953 and has supplied

customized power converters to a wide range of customers in different sectors.

The product range of Jema consists of engineered UPS systems for the Energy

and Oil & Gas sector, solar inverters and power quality solutions for the Energy

sector and customized power converters for the Research sector such as particle

accelerators, nuclear fusion, and high field magnet laboratories.

› Jema Energy

60 years of history

Head Quarters

3,300 employees and annual revenue of more than $620 million

R&D Center for the Energy and e-Mobility sectors

in over 90 countries

More than

in San Sebastian, northern Spain

Part of the Irizar Group

Fully dedicated

Active presence

Jema has supplied equipment to many prestigious research centers.

Jema’s team of engineers and technicians can offer solutions which are engineered

to meet the customer’s requirements.

Our project engineers have ample experience in managing complex projects and

together with our highly qualified technicians Jema can design and de-liver state of

the art solutions of high quality.

Furthermore Jema’s factory is equipped with a 30kV/20MVA power connection,

17MW resistive load and modern HV test equipment. This allows us to do extensive

tests of our power supplies at very high power.

3 \ Jema Energy

› JEMA

Client Project Equipment

CCFE MAST upgrade Neutral Beam Injector HV Power Supply

CCFE MAST upgrade Toroidal Field Power Supply

CCFE MAST upgrade Divertor Field Power Conversion System

CCFE MAST upgrade Low Voltage Power Supply

EFDA JET Neutral Beam Injector HV Power Supply

EFDA JET Enhanced Radial Field Amplifier Power Supply

IPR ITER HV Solid State Crowbar

CIEMAT LIPAc Tetrode HV Power Supplies

RAL ISIS Tetrode HV Power Supplies

CEA/ENEA JT60-SA High Current Power Supplies for Magnet Coils

F4E JT60-SA HV Power Supplies for Gyrotrons

CEA Saclay Iseult MRI High Precision SC Magnet Power Supply

ESS Bilbao ESS Bilbao Klystron Modulator

ESS Bilbao SNS Oak Ridge Klystron Modulator

IFIMED High-Gradient RF Test Stand Klystron Modulator

Client Project Equipment

ESS Bilbao ITUR (Ion Sources of Ultimate Reliability)

Ion source power supplies

CSIC FETS (Front End Test Stand) High Precision Magnet Power Supplies

DESY PETRA III High Precision Magnet Power Supplies

CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) High Precision Magnet Power Supplies

IPP Wendelstein 7-X stellerator Control Coils Power Supplies

CRPP Gyrotron plasma heating TCV tokamak

HV Anode Modulator Power Supply

CIEMAT TJ –II Various

Tokamak Energy ST40 Toroidal Field Power Supply

Tokamak Energy ST40 Solenoid Power Supply

Tokamak Energy ST40 BvU Power Supply

Tri Alpha Energy C2W Mirror & Equilibrium Coils PS

Tri Alpha Energy C2W Electrode PS

Tri Alpha Energy C2W NBI HVPS

ESS Lund&ESS Bilbao ESS Klystron Modulator

› PROJECTS

5 \ PROJECTS

›

› JEMA

Description of the project

The Mega Amp Spherical Tokamak (MAST) is one of the largest spherical tokamaks in the world. For the

upgrade project of MAST, Jema was awarded a contract in 2008 for the supply of one HVPS of 80kV

70A used for the Neutral Beam Injector upgrade.

Main Features

80kV 70A

Duty Cycle 10s On 570s Off

Switch off time <7μs (solid state crowbar)

Modular solution (N+1 configuration)

Containerized for outdoor installation

Full power tested at factory

Low energy stored in HV

Low ripple

› JEMA

›

CLIENT CCFE (UK)

DESCRIPTION Neutral Beam Injector HV Power Supply

COUNTRY UK

› PROJECT MAST upgrade

›Description of the project

The MAST upgrade required a more powerful Toroidal Field Power Supply (TFPS) to feed the toroidal coil

for magnetic confinement of the plasma. Jema was awarded the contract to design and manufacture the

supply of the TFPS, including: input HV circuit breaker, matching transformers and 24 pulses rectifier. All

equipment was integrated in a container for outdoor installation.

Main Features

133kA 4 seconds each 1800 seconds

340Vdc during the flat top

24 pulse rectifier

Natural cooling

Containerized solution

Free wheel diodes (N+1) configuration

›

CLIENT CCFE (UK)

DESCRIPTION Toroidal Field Power Supply

COUNTRY UK


7 \ PROJECTS

›

› JEMA


As part of the MAST upgrade new Divertor Field Power Conversion Systems (DFPCS) were required to

drive precise currents in eight pairs of the Divertor Field Coils. Jema supplied the DFPCS that consisted

of 8 power supplies and a high current brake chopper.

Main Features

8 units of pulsed power conversion systems

Natural cooling

Brake chopper and crowbar included

Inverters from ±4kA up to ±10kA

Pulse operation 5 seconds each 1200 seconds

Modular H Bridge configuration

› JEMA

›

CLIENT CCFE (UK)

DESCRIPTION Divertor Field Power Conversion System

COUNTRY UK



As part of the MAST upgrade a more powerful Low Voltage Power Supply (LVPS) was necessary to

feed the new Divertor Field Power Conversion System. Jema replaced the existing LVPS reusing some

existing equipment.

Main Features

Natural cooling

Pulse operation 4 seconds each 1200

8 units of 6 pulses rectifiers, 11kA 450V each

Series configuration

Reutilization of the existing matching transformers

Reutilization of the existing inter- phase reactors

HMI included

›

CLIENT CCFE (UK)

DESCRIPTION Low Voltage Power Supply

COUNTRY UK


9 \ PROJECTS

›

› JEMA


JET, Joint European Torus, is the world largest tokamak fusion machine.

Jema was awarded the supply of 2 + 4 HV Power Supplies for the Neutral Beam Enhancement.

Main Features

130kV 130A, 20MVA input, 17MW output

Maximum overshoot <1%

Voltage raising ramp from 150 to 500μs

Fast switch off time 4 μs

246 short-circuits at the output during 20 sec

260kV insulation HVHF transformers in oil

Solid state crowbars based on LTT’s

Water cooling system included

Fully tested in factory

› JEMA

›

CLIENT EFDA – European Fusion Development Agreement (EU)

DESCRIPTION Neutral Beam Injector HV Power Supply

COUNTRY UK

› PROJECT JET (Joint European Torus)


JET, Joint European Torus, is the world largest tokamak fusion machine. JET required a radial magnetic

field to control the vertical position of the plasma. Jema was awarded the supply of 4 Enhanced Radial

Field Power Supplies +/-12kV +/-5kA to replace the existing FRFA (Fast Radial Field Amplifier).

Main Features

Fast response <100μs

+/-12kV in 3kV steps

+/-5kA

H bridges based in IGBT

DC chopper protection

Natural cooling

Real time Tj monitoring

Containerized solution

›

CLIENT EFDA – European Fusion Development Agreement (EU)

DESCRIPTION Enhanced Radial Field Amplifier Power Supply

COUNTRY UK

› PROJECT JET (Joint European Torus)

11 \ PROJECTS

›

› JEMA


ITER India will provide to ITER a set of 3 gyrotrons for the Electron Cyclotron Heating (ECH) to assist the

start-up of the plasma. Jema was awarded the supply of a High Voltage Solid State Crowbar to protect the

tube in case of a failure. Jema had previously supplied various solid state crowbars to other customers (CRPP

(Switzerland) -85kV, JET (UK) 4 units -130kV, MAST (UK) -80kV and IPR (India) -70kV)

Main Features

Solution based on LTT, BOD integrated

-70kV 15A

Turn-on delay <10μs

Transferred energy <10J

›

CLIENT IPR (India)

DESCRIPTION HV Solid State Crowbar

COUNTRY India

› PROJECT ITER gyrotron test stand


IFMIF is a linear accelerator being built in Rokkasho (Japan) under the BA (Broader Approach) agreement

between F4E and JAEA. The main objective of IFMIF is to test materials under irradiation to be validated

for DEMO. In 2013 Jema was awarded the supply of 12 HV power supplies to feed the tetrodes in the

RF chains of the LIPAC.

Main Features

13kV 40A CW

Turn-on delay <4μs


Crowbar protection integrated

Input HV circuit breaker outdoor solution included

Matching transformers outdoor solution included

Two configurations, single or double output

›

CLIENT CIEMAT (Spain)

DESCRIPTION Tetrode HV Power Supplies

COUNTRY Japan

› PROJECT LIPAc (Linear IFMIF Prototype Accelerator)

13 \ PROJECTS

›

› JEMA


ISIS is the world’s most productive pulsed neutron source. The machine is being upgraded with a second

target station in order to maintain the neutron flux at the first target it was necessary to increase the

power by 25%. Jema has delivered 1 + 4 units of 400kW to replace the existing ones.

Main Features

20kV 20A CW

Turn-on delay <4μs


Specification didn’t allow high frequency switching

Topology similar to the existing HVPS

Crowbar protection integrated

Input HV circuit breaker outdoor solution included

›

CLIENT RAL Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (UK)

DESCRIPTION Tetrode HV Power Supplies

COUNTRY UK

› PROJECT ISIS SYNCHOTRON


JT60-SA is a Tokamak type fusion machine designed to support the operation of ITER and study the

best operation of the future fusion power plants.

Jema was awarded two different contracts by CEA (France) and ENEA (Italy) for the design,

manufacturing and installation of the 2 Fast Position Power Supplies, 10 Equilibrium Field Power

Supplies, 1 Toroidal Field Power Supply and matching transformers for the magnet coils of JT60-SA.

The power supplies have been tested at full power in factory.

CLIENT CEA / ENEA (France/Italy)

DESCRIPTION High Current Power Supplies for Magnet Coils

COUNTRY Japan

› PROJECT JT60-SA

Main Features

Up to ±20kA output current 12 & 24 pulses rectifiers 4 quadrants converters Bi-directional crowbar protection Water cooled

›

15 \ PROJECTS

›

› JEMA


JT60-SA is a Tokamak type fusion machine designed to support the operation of ITER, as part of

the upgrade of the existing JT60, the ECH for plasma heating required an upgrade and Jema will

manufacture and install the gyrotron power supplies consisting of 1 main power supply, 2 body power

supplies, 2 anode power supplies and 3 dummy loads.

› JEMA

CLIENT F4E Fusion For Energy (EU)

DESCRIPTION HV Power Supplies for Gyrotrons

COUNTRY Japan

› PROJECT JT60-SA

Main Features

MVPS 60kV 2x55A

BPS 30kV 100mA

APS 50kV 100mA

100s operation

›


Iseult is part of a program dedicated to neuro-imaging. The objective of the MRI superconducting

magnet is to study the human brain. This machine will produce a very high magnetic field of 11,75

Tesla.

Jema was awarded the supply of one very high precision power supply to feed the MRI SC magnet.

The challenge is the high precision at low DC output voltage.

Main Features

1500A output current

+3,0/-0,7Vdc

Precision <10ppm

Input voltage 48Vdc

›

CLIENT CEA Seclay (France)

DESCRIPTION High Precision SC Magnet Power Supply

COUNTRY France

› PROJECT Iseult MRI superconducting magnet

17 \ PROJECTS

›

› JEMA


ESS Bilbao is an ion linear accelerator to support the Spanish participation in accelerator projects worldwide.

Jema supplied 2 klystron modulators; based on our previous experience with HVPS for JET we developed a

new topology based on high voltage high frequency cast resin transformers avoiding the use of oil for HV

isolation.

CLIENT ESS Bilbao

DESCRIPTION Klystron modulator

COUNTRY Spain

› PROJECT ESS Bilbao

Main Features

120kVdc, 60A, 7,2MW peak 9% duty

3,5 ms pulse length

Integrated IGBT at the output for modulation and protection (no crowbar needed)

HVHF innovative cast resin transformer

Containerized layout

Modular solution

An extra module for redundancy included

Solid state design

›


The collaboration agreement between ESS Bilbao and SNS Oak Ridge included the supply of a new

topology of klystron modulator which will be intensively tested by the ORNL RF team.

Main Features

85kVdc, 160A, 14MW peak 9% duty

1,8 ms pulse length

Integrated IGBT at the output for modulation and protection (no crowbar needed)

HVHF innovative cast resin transformer

Containerized layout

Modular solution

An extra module for redundancy included

Solid state design

›

CLIENT ESS Bilbao


COUNTRY USA

› PROJECT SNS Oak Ridge

19 \ PROJECTS

›

› JEMA


The collaboration agreement between IFIMED (Valencia, Spain) and CERN (CLIC- project) includes a

High-Gradient S-Band RF Test Stand. This technology is crucial for the development, among other

applications, of proton and carbon LINAC’s for cancer therapy.

Jema has supplied two solid state klystron modulators including integration of the S-Band klystron and

accessories such as 2 ion pumps, 2 solenoid power supplies and 2 heater power supplies.

CLIENT IFIMED


COUNTRY Spain

› PROJECT High-Gradient RF Test Stand

Main Features

150kVdc, 110A, 16,5MW peak power

10μs maximum pulse length

Repetition rate 400Hz

Solid state technology

›


ITUR, Ion Torrent of Ultimate Reliability, is a test stand of a high power Ion Source. ITUR will be used to

make a comparative between different H- Ion Sources.

Main Features

Platform Power Supply 100kVdc 100mA

Isolating Transformer

Extraction Power Supply 25kVdc 2A

Plasma Power Supply 800Vdc 100A

›

CLIENT ESS Bilbao

DESCRIPTION Ion source power supplies

COUNTRY Spain

› PROJECT ITUR (Ion Torrent of Ultimate Reliability)

21 \ PROJECTS

›

› JEMA


The Front End Test Stand FETS) in Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL, UK) is a high energy pulsed

proton driver which will be required in future neutron spallation sources. Spain contributes to the project

through the Universidad del País Vasco and ESS-Bilbao.

Jema supplied three high precision power Supplies for the magnet coils.

CLIENT CSIC (Centro Superior de Investigaciones Científicas)

DESCRIPTION High Precision Magnet Power Supplies

COUNTRY UK

› PROJECT FETS (Front End Test Stand) in RAL

Main Features

Output voltage 25Vdc

Output current 300A

Rated power 7.5kW

Input power factor >0.9

Current stability 10ppm

ZVS Commutation

›

›

Main Features

Short time accuracy 2ppm/day Long-time accuracy 15ppm/year Linearity 3ppm Temperature coefficient 1ppm/K Total accuracy <30ppm

›


PETRA III is a new high-brilliance synchrotron radiation source. The existing storage ring PETRA will be

one of the most brilliant x-ray sources worldwide.

Jema was awarded the design, manufacture and commissioning of 5 different high precision power

supplies that is 1 x AC dipole PS: 1330V/755A, 1 x DC dipole PS: 1560V/520A, 2 x quadrupole PS:

210V/650A, 3 x sextupole PS: 85V/200A and 1 x universal PS.

CLIENT Deutches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY, GERMANY)


COUNTRY Germany

› PROJECT PETRA III

23 \ PROJECTS

›

› JEMA

Main Features High accuracy current control

4 quadrant operation, ±125Vdc ±125A & ±160Vdc ±20A

Maximum ripple of 0.1%

Total compatibility with CERN environment and infrastructure

›


The SPS (Super Proton Synchrotron) machine is used as an injector for the LHC (Large Hadron Collider) project.

Jema supplied 30 true bipolar power supplies according to the specification of CERN (N07 & N08).

CLIENT CERN


COUNTRY Switzerland

› PROJECT Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS)


The Wendelstein 7-X is the biggest Stellerator nuclear fusion installation in the world.

Jema supplied 10 independent switched-mode power supplies for the 10 control coils of the Stellerator.

The equipment has been designed to withstand an electromagnetic field of 50mT (in the picture a

factory test with this electromagnetic field)

Main Features

Output voltage -30V to +30V Output current (DC) -2500A to +2500A Output current (AC) 0 to 625A (peak) 1 to 20Hz Distortion factor of AC voltage <10% Current deviation <1% Voltage DC ripple 1Vpp Current DC ripple 1App Cos phi >0,95

›

CLIENT IPP (Max Planck Institute Für Plasmaphysik)

DESCRIPTION Control Coils Power Supplies

COUNTRY Germany

› PROJECT Wendelstein 7-X stellerator

25 \ PROJECTS

›

› JEMA


The TCV is a Tokamak type fusion machine installed at CRPP in Lausanne.

Jema supplied 3 anode modulator power supplies to feed the anode grid of a triode type gyrotron, used

for heating purpose at the third harmonic in the TCV Tokamak.

The equipment is capable to discharge 200pF stray capacitance in parallel with the 3MΩ equivalent

resistance of the gyrotron.

CLIENT CRPP (Centre de Recherches en Physique des Plasmas)

DESCRIPTION HV Anode Modulator Power Supply

COUNTRY Switzerland

› PROJECT Gyrotron plasma heating TCV tokamak

Main Features

Solid state technology

Floating output referred to -80kV of the gyrotron cathode potential

Output voltage -5kV to 30kV

1kHz square and sinusoidal modulation

Fast switching off to -5kV (10μs)

Pulsed operation (duty cycle of 1%)

Output voltage stability 0.5%

›


The TJ-II is a Stellerator experimental fusion machine constructed in Madrid by CIEMAT during the 90’s.

Since the beginning and along the life of the project Jema has been selected to provide the different

power supplies for coils and plasma heating devices NBI and ECH.

Main Features

30A 100kV HVPS for gyrotrons

Turn-key for main coils power supplies (50MW peak)

45kV 120A HVPS for NBI

80kV 50A HVPS for ECRH

›

CLIENT CIEMAT

DESCRIPTION Main Coils PS / HV Gyrotron PS / NBI HVPS / ECR HVPS

COUNTRY Spain

› PROJECT TJ-II

27 \ PROJECTS

›

› JEMA

Main Features 100kA (upgrade to 250kA)

120ms flat top

IGBT based solution, low ripple current

17MJ energy stored in ultra-capacitors

›


Tokamak Energy is a privately funded company based in Oxfordshire UK. Tokamak Energy’s experiment

ST-40 will be the largest high-field (>2 Tesla) spherical tokamak in the world.

Jema Energy was selected to design, deliver and commissioning the Toroidal Field Power Supply in just

10 months from the contract signature. As the infrastructure doesn’t allow for high power connection

the power supply uses ultra-capacitors as energy storage (17MJ).

CLIENT Tokamak Energy

DESCRIPTION Toroidal Field Power Supply

COUNTRY UK

› PROJECT ST-40

›

Main Features

+17.1kA -14.5kA 1s pulse IGBT based solution, with low ripple current Energy stored in ultra-capacitors Bidirectional Crowbar 4 quadrant operation

›


DESCRIPTION Solenoid Power Supply

COUNTRY UK

› PROJECT ST-40



ST-40 will be the largest high-field (>2 Tesla) spherical tokamak in the world. Jema Energy was awarded

the Solenoid power supplies based on a solution using super capacitors.

29 \ PROJECTS

›

› JEMA

Main Features 12.5kA 300ms pulse IGBT based solution, with low ripple current Energy stored in ultra-capacitors Bidirectional crowbar

›



ST-40 will be the largest high-field (>2 Tesla) spherical tokamak in the world. Jema Energy was selected

to design, deliver and commissioning the BvU Power Supply as the infrastructure doesn’t allow for high

power connection the power supply uses ultra-capacitors as energy storage.


DESCRIPTION BvU Power Supply

COUNTRY UK

› PROJECT ST-40

›

Main Features

Modular power blocks of 1,1kV 3,6kA Maximum configuration 4x4 (4,4kV 14,4kA) Energy stored in film capacitors

›

CLIENT Tri Alpha Energy

DESCRIPTION Mirror & Equilibrium Coils PS

COUNTRY USA

› PROJECT C-2W


Tri Alpha Energy, TAE, is a private funded fusion research company located in the USA. Their Field

Reverse Configuration (FRC), has shown very promising results with the C-2U experiment. Jema has

been selected for the design, manufacturing, installation and commissioning of 12 PS for Mirror and

Equilibrium coils for TAE’s new experiment C-2W. In total 128 power blocks have been delivered to make

up the 12 configurable power supplies.

31 \ PROJECTS

›

› JEMA

Main Features 300A 5kV output (modular solution) Inrush current of 4kA Fast output crowbar for protection Very fast dynamic response (280kHz equivalent switching frequency) Energy stored in film capacitors

›



Reverse Configuration (FRC), has shown very promising results with the C-2U experiment.

Jema was selected for the design, manufacturing, installation and commissioning of 2 Electrode Power

Supplies for the C-2W experiment.


DESCRIPTION Electrode PS

COUNTRY USA

› PROJECT C-2W

›

Main Features 170A 45kV 30ms 20A 20kV

›



Reverse Configuration (FRC), has shown very promising results with the C-2U experiment.

In 2017 Jema received the order for the design, delivery and commissioning of 8 Neutral Beam Injection

HV Power Supplies for the C-2W experiment.


DESCRIPTION NBI HVPS

COUNTRY USA

› PROJECT C-2W

33 \ PROJECTS

›

› JEMA

Main Features Power rating 660kVA Solid state technology IGBT 115kV/100A pulse 3,5ms/14Hz Stacked Multilevel Modulator

›


The European Spallation Source (ESS) is a European Research Infrastructure Consortium (ERIC), a multi-

disciplinary research facility based on the world’s most powerful neutron source.

In 2017 Jema received the order for the manufacturing of 3 + 9 Klystron Modulators.

CLIENT ESS Lund & ESS Bilbao

DESCRIPTION Klystron Modulator

COUNTRY Spain

› PROJECT ESS

JEMA Energy S.A.Paseo del Circuito 1020160 Lasarte-Oria • Gipuzkoa • SpainTel. +34 943 376 400Fax +34 943 371 279Email: [email protected]

JEMA Energy USA LLC1700 Montgomery Street, Suite 101San Francisco • CA 94111 • USATel. +1 415 999 4363Email: [email protected]

JEMA Energy MexicoAv. Las Misiones, 13 3ª. EtapaParque Industrial Bernardo QuintanaMunicipio El Marqués 76249 Querétaro • MEXICOTel. +55 442 238 25 00Email: [email protected]

JEMA Energy BrasilRodovia Marechal Rondon Km 252,5CEP: 18607-810 Botucatu SP • BRASILTel. +55 14 38118000 2371Email: [email protected] SA

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