Reducing Composite Defects in Blade Manufacturing
-
Upload
windpower-engineering-development -
Category
Engineering
-
view
475 -
download
3
Transcript of Reducing Composite Defects in Blade Manufacturing
#WindWebinar
q This webinar will be available afterwards at www.windpowerengineering.com & email
q Q&A at the end of the presentation q Hashtag for this webinar: #WindWebinar
Before We Start
#WindWebinar
Paul Dvorak Editorial Director - Moderator
Windpower Engineering & Development
Santhosh Chandrabalan Technical Business Development
Leader – Wind Energy 3M Wind Energy
Reducing Composite Defects in Blade Manufacturing
Featured Speaker…
3M Deutschland GmbH
4 3 November 2015 . All Rights Reserved. © 3M
3 November 2015 . All Rights Reserved. © 3M
Dry Lay Up Adhsive 2.0
Effective Innovation
SanthoshKChandrabalan3MRenewableEnergyDivision
3M Deutschland GmbH
6 3 November 2015 . All Rights Reserved. © 3M
3M Renewable Energy Division – Wind Energy
§ 3M enabling more efficient and reliable Wind Turbine Rotor Blades produced and maintained faster and safer
§ Leveraging 3M’s core competencies in the field of films, adhesives, tapes, coatings and the inventive power of 40+ additional corporate technology platforms
Bi Biotech Ce Ceramics Dd Drug Delivery Di Display Do Dental & Orthodontic Materials
Ec Energy Components
Em Electronic Materials
Fc Flexible Converting & Packaging
Fe Flexible Electronics
Fs Filtration, Separation, Purification
Fi Films
Im
Imaging
Fl Fluoromaterials
In Inspection & Measurement
Is Integrated Systems Design Lm
Light
Management
Md Medical Data Management
Me Metal Matrix Composites
Mf Mechanical Fasteners
Mi Microbial Detection & Control
Mo Molding
Mr Microreplication
Pe Predictive Engineering & Modeling
Nt Nanotechnology
Nw Nonwoven Materials
Rp Radiation Processing
Se Sensors
Po Porous Materials & Membranes
Pm Polymer Melt Processing
Wo Wound Management
Vp Vapor Processing
Su Surface Modification
Sm Specialty Materials
Op Optoelectronics
Pd Particle & Dispersion Processing
Pr Process Design & Control
Pp Precision Processing
Tt Track and Trace
We Accelerated Weathering
Ab Abrasives Ac Acoustics Ad Adhesives Am Advanced Materials An Analytical
As Application Software
3M Deutschland GmbH
7 3 November 2015 . All Rights Reserved. © 3M
Innovative Solutions for the Wind Industry
Rotorblade Surface
Rotorblade Structure
Rotorblade Process
Vortex Generators Aerodynamic Optimization of Installed Wind Turbines with customized enhancement
solutions
BladeBondingAdhesiveofferinglongpotlifeands=ll50%fastercure-addi=onallyincreasingcrackresistance/fa=gue
behaviour DryLayupAdhesiveRedcoloredsprayadhesivetoefficientlyfixthefibermatsduringdrylayup
ErosionProtec9onSolu9onsTapesandnewcoa=ngofferingbest-in-classerosionresistanceandinteres=ngprocess-related
advantagesinthebladeproduc=on
§ Reducecycle=me§ Lowerbladecosts§ Faster,efficientbladethroughput
§ Increasestrength§ Decreaseweight§ Lowerbladecosts§ Reducecycle=me§ Enhancemechanicalproper=es§ Improvelaminatequality
§ Improveresistancetoerosion§ An=-IcingandAn=-Fouling§ Reducecycle=me§ Improveaerodynamics§ Reduceinterferencewithradar§ Easiertomaintain
NanoMatrixResinInnova=veresins
significantlyincreasingmanymechanical
proper=esincludingcompressionstrengthof
CFRPsparcaps
WindRepairFillersEasyandfasttoapplyfillerofferingsignificant=mesavingsbefore
sanding
3M Deutschland GmbH
8 3 November 2015 . All Rights Reserved. © 3M
3M™ W7900 – Revolutionary composite spray adhesive Problem § Holding fiberglass on vertical surface is a challenge in the wind blade lay up process § Traditional method to tack fiberglass layers is very time consuming § Traditional method to tack layers of fiberglass is labor intensive and operator dependent § Fiberglass movement can cause wrinkles and waves in the final laminate § Need to be an EHS safe solution § Need a visual control without sacrificing end part quality § Not to have minimum intrusion to Composite Mechanical properties Features § Meeting most stringent EHS regulations (Meet's California's EHS Requirements)
§ Non particle based sprayable system – Less hindrance on mechanical properties
§ Fast tacking with a long work time range from 15 seconds to 30 minutes
§ Green color providing visual application control
§ Innovative color changing feature has little to no effect on final visual part quality
§ Robotic application possible
Advantages § Reduce the amount of time required for dry layup
§ Reduce wrinkles, which can be source of major failures
3M Deutschland GmbH
9 3 November 2015 . All Rights Reserved. © 3M
Fiber Glass Lay Up Aids
Past
Present - Spray
Future – DLUA 2.0
4X Application
Past - Spray
DLUA
Green to Clear w Epoxy
3M Deutschland GmbH
11 3 November 2015 . All Rights Reserved. © 3M
W7900 Color Changing Effect – In Infusion
Visual Application Control
No Impact on Final Part Appearance
3M Deutschland GmbH
12 3 November 2015 . All Rights Reserved. © 3M
Standard Spray Adhesives vs DLUA 2.0 3M DLUA 2.0 Standard Particle Spray
§ Particle based bonding § Red color § Minimum intrusion to infusion § Minimum effect on Composites
mechanical § Designed to provide process and
quality benefits
§ Chemical bonding § Green to clear § Little to no intrusion to the infusion
process § Expected to have least effect on
Composites mechanical § Designed to provide process and
quality benefits combined with final aesthetics
Standard Lace Spray
§ Contact adhesive – Designed to bond to itself
§ Higher product concentration needed for adequate bonding
§ Intrusive for infusion process due to lace patterns
§ Residual stress and loss in mechanical properties due to lace pattern
3M Deutschland GmbH
13 3 November 2015 . All Rights Reserved. © 3M
** Per John Mandell and David Miller, PhD, the delamination load is approximately proportional to the square root of the delamination energy values, GIC & GIIC * As per MSU Testing
Property Control DLUA Typical
Application Level (2010)
DLUA 2.0 Typical Application Level
(2015) 0 g/m2 ~ 0.5 g/ft2 ~ 0.5 g/ft2
Fatigue --- No change No change
Tensile Strength - Longitudinal --- No change No change
Tensile Strength - Transverse --- No change No change
Compression Strength - Longitudinal --- No change No change
Compression Strength - Transverse --- No change No change
Short Beam Shear Strength --- -15% No change ENF Mode II Fracture Toughness Energy, GIIC Approximate ENF Load, GIIC
1/2** --- -15% -8%
No change No change
DCB Mode I Fracture Toughness, GIC Approximate DCB Load, GIIC
1/2** --- No change No change
No change No change
DLUA vs DLUA 2.0 – Recommended Level (Montana State University)
No change on final composite properties*
3M Deutschland GmbH
14 3 November 2015 . All Rights Reserved. © 3M
** Per John Mandell and David Miller, PhD, the delamination load is approximately proportional to the square root of the delamination energy values, GIC & GIIC * As per MSU testing
Property Control DLUA Over Application
(2010)
DLUA 2.0 Over Application
(2015) 0 g/m2 15.0 g/m2 15.0 g/m2
Fatigue --- No change No change
Tensile Strength - Longitudinal --- No change No change
Tensile Strength - Transverse --- No change No change
Compression Strength - Longitudinal --- No change No change
Compression Strength - Transverse --- No change No change
Short Beam Shear Strength --- -40% -25% ENF Mode II Fracture Toughness Energy, GIIC Approximate ENF Load, GIIC
1/2** --- -37% -20%
-24% -13%
DCB Mode I Fracture Toughness, GIC Approximate DCB Load, GIIC
1/2** --- No change No change
No change No change
DLUA vs DLUA 2.0 – 3X Application (Montana State University)
Minimum effect on final laminate even at 3X application*
3M Deutschland GmbH
15 3 November 2015 . All Rights Reserved. © 3M
Standard Spray Adhesives vs DLUA 2.0 – “Nozzle Plugging”
§ Clogged traditional spray adhesives à cleaning of nozzle required § No clogged nozzle of green spray can (DLUA 2.0)
3M Deutschland GmbH
16 3 November 2015 . All Rights Reserved. © 3M
3M™ DLUA vs DLUA 2.0 – Higher Shear and Peel
Provides higher Shear & Peel Properties to hold the reinforcement in place with single (one side)
application
Shear
Peel
3M Deutschland GmbH
17 3 November 2015 . All Rights Reserved. © 3M
DLUA 2.0 EHS Overview § Newly developed product with a unique formulation from other 3M spray
adhesives § DLUA 2.0 and standard spray systems are completely different (Both in
formulation and bonding mechanism) § Differences in formula vs. standard spray
― Different solvent systems: DLUA 2.0 is acetone/ cyclohexane based and standard spray systems are dimethyl ether/ methyl acetate/ cyclohexane based
― W7900 has a green dye so it will be visible when you use it. Therefore, you can accurately use the correct amount
― With <25% VOC, its the only formulation that is accepted by most stringent EHS regulations (California Regulations)
3M Deutschland GmbH
18 3 November 2015 . All Rights Reserved. © 3M
Innovative
Color Change
Better EHS <25% VOC**
Better Composite Properties No Impact on Mechanical Properties*
Robust Improved
Sprayability
DLUA 2.0 – In Summary
*when applied at recommended levels as per Montana State University testing **in accordance to US EHS regulations
3M Deutschland GmbH
19 3 November 2015 . All Rights Reserved. © 3M
Making progress possible
SanthoshKrishnaChandrabalanTechnicalBusinessDevelopmentLeaderWindEnergy-RenewableEnergyDivisionE-Mail:[email protected]:651-230-5043www.3M.com/wind
#WindWebinar
Paul Dvorak Editorial Director - Moderator Windpower Engineering & Development
Santhosh Chandrabalan Technical Business Development 3M Wind Energy [email protected]
Reducing Composite Defects in Blade Manufacturing
Questions?
@Windpower_Eng