Reduced Thrust - SmartCockpit...4 Reduced ThrustReduced Thrust Internal Temperature and Pressure 7...

Reduced ThrustReduced Thrust

October 2002October 2002

Performance Engineer OperationsFlight Operations Engineering

Dennis Ting

Performance Engineer OperationsFlight Operations Engineering

Dennis Ting

2


Topics of Discussion

4 Benefits of using Reduced Thrust4 Methods for Reduced Takeoff Thrust4 Regulatory Requirements4 Thrust Effect on Takeoff Performance4 The Assumed Temperature Method4 The Derate Method4 Operational Considerations4 Examples of Operational Practice

3


The Benefits of using Reduced Takeoff Thrust

4


Internal Temperature and Pressure

720.9850°

720.9850°

JT9D Sea Level Static Thrust 43,500 LBJT9D Sea Level Static Thrust 43,500 LB

StationPt (PSIA)Tt (°F)

StationPt (PSIA)Tt (°F)

214.759°

214.759°

2.522.6130°

2.522.6130°

332.1210°

332.1210°

F422.4130°

F422.4130°

4316880°

4316880°

53021970°

53021970°

5


Hot Section Life Usage

Hot Section Life Usage

Turbine Metal TemperatureTurbine Metal Temperature

Hot Section Life Usage Increases Exponentiallywith Increasing Turbine Metal Temperature !Hot Section Life Usage Increases Exponentiallywith Increasing Turbine Metal Temperature !

6


7


8


Maintenance Material Cost (MMC) decreases with lower EGTMaintenance Material Cost (MMC) decreases with lower EGT

Note: Specific cost savings for a particular engine model require a detailed assessment of the operator’s route structure.

Note: Specific cost savings for a particular engine model require a detailed assessment of the operator’s route structure.

MMC 25%MMC 25%MMC 40%MMC 40%

Maintenance Material Cost

(MMC)

Maintenance Material Cost

(MMC)

Exhaust Gas Temperature (EGT)

Exhaust Gas Temperature (EGT) Takeoff EGT

LimitTakeoff EGT

Limit

EXAMP

LE

EXAMP

LE

Industry average thrust reduction prior to regulatory revision which permits 25% maximum takeoff thrust reduction

Industry average thrust reduction prior to regulatory revision which permits 25% maximum takeoff thrust reduction

Takeoff ratingTakeoff rating

18%18%

7%7%

9


Shop Maintenance Cost decreases with lower takeoff thrustShop Maintenance Cost decreases with lower takeoff thrust

Max Rated

Derate

No Thrust Reduction25% Thrust Reduction

10


Using reduced takeoff thrust will result in significant cost savingsUsing reduced takeoff thrust will result in significant cost savings

11


Benefit of using Reduced Thrust

Engine manufacturers can provide specific data on reliability and cost savings related to using reduced thrust

12


Methods forReduced Takeoff Thrust

13


Engine and Thrust Designations

4 Engine Nameplate vs. Rated Thrust• Engine nameplate indicates Bill of Material• Rated Thrust defines maximum takeoff thrust• Rated Thrust is programmed using data plug

4 Limitations on Maximum T/O Thrust• Combustion chamber pressure (CCP)• Turbine inlet temperature (TIT)• Fan speed (RPM)

14


Design Thrust LimitsTh

rust

OAT

Pressure Limited

RPM

Max TIT

Max CCPTemperature Limited

15


Rated ThrustTh

rust

OAT

Pressure Limited

Temperature Limited

Flat Rated

Full RatedThrust Break Temperature

16


Rated Thrust Levels

4 Maximum Takeoff / Go-Around Thrust• The highest thrust level programmed for an

engine. It is certified and limited to 5 minutes. (10-min option available for engine-out takeoff)

4 Other Rated Thrust Levels:• Maximum Continuous Thrust (MCT); certified• Maximum Climb Thrust (MCLT); not certified• Maximum Cruise Thrust (MCRT); not certified

17


Methods for Reduced T/O Thrust

4 Assumed Temperature (FLEX)• The setting of takeoff thrust by entering in the

FMC (or TMC) a temperature higher than the actual Outside Air Temperature (OAT)

4 Derate• The setting of takeoff thrust by selecting in the

FMC (or TMC) an approved takeoff thrust rating that is lowered than the max rated takeoff thrust

18


Thru

st

OAT

Assumed Temperature (FLEX)

MaximumThrust

ActualTemperature

ThrustRequired

AssumedTemperature

19


Derate (Multiple Takeoff Ratings)Th

rust

OAT

Max Rated

DerateMaximum

Thrust

ActualTemperature

Thrust Set

Thrust Required

20


Types of Derate Options

4 Fixed Derate• A derate that is pre-defined by the engine

manufacturer. The level of derated thrust cannot be changed by the operator.

• 737, 757, 767, and MD-90 (V2528 only)

4 Variable Derate• A derate that can be selected from a range of

thrust ratings. The level of derated thrust can be changed by the operator.

• 717, 747-400, 777, and MD-11

21


Takeoff Thrust BumpTh

rust

OAT

Bump Rate

Max Rated

Pressure Bump

Temperature Bump

Design Limit

22


Climb Derate

CLB 1 CLB 2

23


Thrust Setting Parameters

4 Engine Pressure Ratio (EPR)• The ratio of the total pressure at the exhaust to

the total pressure in front of the fan• Core EPR (PW) and Integrated EPR (RR)

4 Percent of Fan Reference RPM (%N1)• The percentage of the reference rotation speed

of the fan (GE and CFMI)

24


Thrust, EPR and %N1 Relationship

OAT

%N1

EPRThrust

25


AFM Takeoff EPR Chart

26


AFM Max Takeoff %N1 Chart

27


737 FMC CDU NI LIMIT Page

N 1 L I M I T 1 / 1 S E L / O A T

/ + 2 0 ° C2 6 K

— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

— — — —

An Assumed Temperature can be entered and / or a takeoff derate selected. If a takeoff derate is selected, the corresponding climb derate will be selected.

28


737 Upper Center Display PanelENG 1

START VALVEOPEN

OIL FILTERBYPASSLOW OIL

PRESSURE

EGT

FF

N 1

ENG 2START VALVE

OPENOIL FILTERBYPASSLOW OIL

PRESSURE

663 663

87.794.2

10TAI

86 4

20

87.794.2

10TAI

86 4

20

TAT +22C R - TO + 45C

3.80 3.80

FUELKG1

9003

CTR

2

9003

6007

Assumed Temperature and target %N1 setting display

29


777 FMC CDU THRUST LIM Page

THRUST L IM S E L O A T

45°C 2 0 ° C

T A K E O F F >— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

An Assumed Temperature can be entered and / or a takeoff derate selected. If a takeoff derate is selected, the corresponding climb derate will be selected.

30


777 Upper EICAS Panel

N1

75.697.3

75.697.3

EGT

587 587

TAT + 22C D - TO + 45C

TOTAL FUEL 94.3TEMP +10c

KGS X1000

DOWNGEAR

FLAPS

15

The Assumed Temperature and target %N1 (or EPR) setting display

31


757 / 767 Thrust Mode Select Panel (TMSP)

22

TEMP SELTEMP SEL

11CLBCLBTOTO

CRZCRZCONCON

GAGA

An Assumed Temperature can be dialed in and / or a takeoff derate selected. If a takeoff derate is selected, the corresponding climb derate will be selected.

32


757 / 767 Upper EICAS Panel

EPR

EGT

N1

599 597

90.7 90.6

TAT + 22°CD - TO+ 45C

V V V V V V V V V

1.641.64

2.0

1.5

1.02.0

1.5

1.0

1.641.64

The Assumed Temperature and target EPR (or %N1) setting display

33


757 / 767 FMC (PIP and PEGASUS)

T A K E O F F R E F

P R E – F L T S T A T U S

T E M P S E L45 ° C

T O E P R1 .64D–TO

< P O S I N I T< P E R F I N I T< I N D E X

V 1

V R

V 2

R O U T E >D E P A R T U R E >

— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

— — —

— — —

— — —— — — — — — — — — — — —

Assumed Temp can be entered and target EPR (or %N1) displayed

34


Regulatory Requirements

35


Regulatory Requirements

4 Regulatory Guidance• FAA Advisory Circular (AC) 25-13• JAA Advisory Material Joint (AMJ) 25-13

4 Compliance & Operational Approval• AFM provides certification and authorization• Each operator establishes operating procedures• Local regulatory authority grants final approval

36


AC 25-13 and AMJ 25-13

37


AC 25-13 and AMJ 25-13“1. PURPOSE. This advisory circular (AC) provides guidance for the certification and use of reduced thrust (power) for takeoff and derated takeoff thrust (power) on turbine powered transport category airplanes.”

“1. PURPOSE. This advisory circular (AC) provides guidance for the certification and use of reduced thrust (power) for takeoff and derated takeoff thrust (power) on turbine powered transport category airplanes.”

“b. Derated takeoff thrust, for an airplane, is a takeoff thrust level less than the maximum takeoff thrust, for which exists in the AFM a set of separate and independent, or clearly distinguishable, takeoff limitations and performance data that complies with all the takeoff requirements of Part 25. When operating with a derated takeoff thrust, the value of the thrust setting parameter which establishes thrust for takeoff is presented in the AFM and is considered a normal takeoff operating limit.”

“b. Derated takeoff thrust, for an airplane, is a takeoff thrust level less than the maximum takeoff thrust, for which exists in the AFM a set of separate and independent, or clearly distinguishable, takeoff limitations and performance data that complies with all the takeoff requirements of Part 25. When operating with a derated takeoff thrust, the value of the thrust setting parameter which establishes thrust for takeoff is presented in the AFM and is considered a normal takeoff operating limit.”

“c. Reduced takeoff thrust, for an airplane, is a takeoff thrust less than the takeoff (orderated takeoff) thrust. The airplane takeoff performance and thrust setting are established by approved simple methods, such as adjustments, or by corrections to the takeoff or derated takeoff thrust setting and performance. When operating with a reduced takeoff thrust, the thrust setting parameter which establishes thrust for takeoff is not considered a takeoff operating limit.”

“c. Reduced takeoff thrust, for an airplane, is a takeoff thrust less than the takeoff (orderated takeoff) thrust. The airplane takeoff performance and thrust setting are established by approved simple methods, such as adjustments, or by corrections to the takeoff or derated takeoff thrust setting and performance. When operating with a reduced takeoff thrust, the thrust setting parameter which establishes thrust for takeoff is not considered a takeoff operating limit.”

38


AFM Appendix – Fixed Derate

39


AFM Appendix – Variable Derate

40


AFM Appendix – No Derate

41


AFM-DPI Basic Performance

42


AFM-DPI Alternate Performance

43


AFM-DPI – Variable Derate

44


The Effect of Thrust on Takeoff Performance

45


Thrust Effect on T/O Performance

4 Level of takeoff thrust affects:• Takeoff and stopping distances• Climb capability• Obstacle clearance

4 Reduced takeoff thrust will:• Increase takeoff and stopping distances• Reduce climb gradient• Reduce obstacle clearance margin

46


Takeoff Speeds Requirements

47


Takeoff Distance Requirements

48

Proper takeoff speeds for a balanced field length

V1 = 135 VR = 140 V2 = 155

Max Thrust

Speeds same as those for max thrust would result in an unbalanced field length

V1 = 135

V2 = 155

VR = 140

Reduced Thrust

Increase V1 and VR, which results in a lower V2, will re-balance field length

V1 = 140 V2 = 150VR = 145

Reduced Thrust

Effect of Thrust onSpeeds and Distances

Effect of Thrust on Flight Path

49

Climb gradient is reduced with reduced thrust which, along withlonger takeoff distance, also reduces obstacle clearance margin.

Max Th

rust

Reduced Thr

ust

VMCG Varies with Thrust Rating

50

VMCG based on derated thrust is lower than that for Max Rated thrust

Stabilizer Trim Setting Varies with Thrust Rating

51

Derated thrust requires more nose up trim than Max Rated thrust

52


Thrust Effect on Speeds and Trim

4 Reduced takeoff thrust will require higher takeoff speeds to maintain a balance field length

4 Takeoff thrust RATING affects ground minimum control speed (VMCG)

4 Takeoff thrust rating could also affect takeoff stabilizer trim setting

53


The Assumed Temperature Method

54


Means of Compliance (AC 25-13)5. REDUCED THRUST: ACCEPTABLE MEANS OF COMPLIANCE. Under §§ 25.101(c), 25.101(f), and 25.101(h) of the FAR, it is acceptable to establish and use a takeoff thrust setting that is less than the takeoff or derated takeoff thrust if:

a. The reduced takeoff thrust setting:

(1) Does not result in loss of systems or functions that are normally operative for takeoff such as automatic spoilers, engine failure warning, configuration warning, systems dependent on engine bleed air, or any other required safety related system.

(2) Is based on an approved takeoff thrust rating or derating for which complete airplane performance data is provided.

(3) Enables compliance with the applicable engine operating and airplane controllability requirements in the event that takeoff thrust, or derated takeoff thrust (if such is the performance basis), is applied at any point in the takeoff path.

(4) Is at least 75 percent of the takeoff thrust, or derated takeoff thrust if such is the performance basis, for the existing ambient conditions.

5. REDUCED THRUST: ACCEPTABLE MEANS OF COMPLIANCE. Under §§ 25.101(c), 25.101(f), and 25.101(h) of the FAR, it is acceptable to establish and use a takeoff thrust setting that is less than the takeoff or derated takeoff thrust if:

a. The reduced takeoff thrust setting:

(1) Does not result in loss of systems or functions that are normally operative for takeoff such as automatic spoilers, engine failure warning, configuration warning, systems dependent on engine bleed air, or any other required safety related system.

(2) Is based on an approved takeoff thrust rating or derating for which complete airplane performance data is provided.

(3) Enables compliance with the applicable engine operating and airplane controllability requirements in the event that takeoff thrust, or derated takeoff thrust (if such is the performance basis), is applied at any point in the takeoff path.

(4) Is at least 75 percent of the takeoff thrust, or derated takeoff thrust if such is the performance basis, for the existing ambient conditions.

55


AC 25-13 (continued)

b. Relevant speeds (VEF, VMC, V1, VR, and V2) used for reduced thrust takeoffs are not less than those which will comply with the required airworthiness controllability criteria when using the takeoff thrust (or derated takeoff thrust, if such is the performance basis) for the ambient conditions, including the effects of an Automatic Takeoff Thrust Control System (ATTCS). It should be noted, however, that in determining the takeoff weight limits, credit should not be given for an operable ATTCS.

c. The airplane complies with all applicable performance requirements, including the criteria in paragraphs a and b above, within the range of approved takeoff weights, with the operating engines at the thrust available for the reduced thrust setting selected for takeoff. However, the thrust settings used to show compliance with the takeoff flight path requirements of § 25.115 and the final takeoff climb performance requirements of § 25.121(c) should not be greater than that established by the initial thrust setting.

d. Appropriate limitations, procedures, and performance information are established and are included in the AFM.

b. Relevant speeds (VEF, VMC, V1, VR, and V2) used for reduced thrust takeoffs are not less than those which will comply with the required airworthiness controllability criteria when using the takeoff thrust (or derated takeoff thrust, if such is the performance basis) for the ambient conditions, including the effects of an Automatic Takeoff Thrust Control System (ATTCS). It should be noted, however, that in determining the takeoff weight limits, credit should not be given for an operable ATTCS.

c. The airplane complies with all applicable performance requirements, including the criteria in paragraphs a and b above, within the range of approved takeoff weights, with the operating engines at the thrust available for the reduced thrust setting selected for takeoff. However, the thrust settings used to show compliance with the takeoff flight path requirements of § 25.115 and the final takeoff climb performance requirements of § 25.121(c) should not be greater than that established by the initial thrust setting.

d. Appropriate limitations, procedures, and performance information are established and are included in the AFM.

56


AC 25-13 (continued)e. A periodic takeoff demonstration is conducted using the airplane's takeoff thrust setting and the event is logged in the airplane's permanent records. An approved engine maintenance procedure or an approved engine condition monitoring program may be used to extend the time interval between takeoff demonstrations.

f. The AFM states, as a limitation, that takeoffs utilizing reduced takeoff thrust settings:

(1) Are not authorized on runways contaminated with standing water, snow, slush, or ice, and are not authorized on wet runways unless suitable performance accountability is made for the increased stopping distance on the wet surface.

(2) Are not authorized when the antiskid system, if installed, is inoperative.

(3) Are not authorized unless the operator establishes a means to verify the availability of takeoff or derated takeoff thrust to ensure that engine deterioration does not exceed authorized limits.

(4) Are authorized for airplanes equipped with an ATTCS, whether operating or not, provided no performance credit is allowed for the one-engine-inoperative thrust increase.

e. A periodic takeoff demonstration is conducted using the airplane's takeoff thrust setting and the event is logged in the airplane's permanent records. An approved engine maintenance procedure or an approved engine condition monitoring program may be used to extend the time interval between takeoff demonstrations.

f. The AFM states, as a limitation, that takeoffs utilizing reduced takeoff thrust settings:

(1) Are not authorized on runways contaminated with standing water, snow, slush, or ice, and are not authorized on wet runways unless suitable performance accountability is made for the increased stopping distance on the wet surface.

(2) Are not authorized when the antiskid system, if installed, is inoperative.

(3) Are not authorized unless the operator establishes a means to verify the availability of takeoff or derated takeoff thrust to ensure that engine deterioration does not exceed authorized limits.

(4) Are authorized for airplanes equipped with an ATTCS, whether operating or not, provided no performance credit is allowed for the one-engine-inoperative thrust increase.

57


AC 25-13 (continued)

g. The AFM states that:

(1) Application of reduced takeoff thrust in service is always at the discretion of the pilot.

(2) When conducting a takeoff using reduced takeoff thrust, takeoff thrust may be selected at any time during the takeoff operation.

h. Procedures for reliably determining and applying the value of the reduced takeoff thrust setting and determining the associated required airplane performance are simple (such as the assumed temperature method). Additionally, the pilot is provided with information to enable him to obtain both the reduced takeoff thrust and takeoff thrust, or derated takeoff thrust if such is the performance basis, for each ambient condition.

i. Training procedures are developed by the operator for the use of reduced takeoff thrust.

g. The AFM states that:

(1) Application of reduced takeoff thrust in service is always at the discretion of the pilot.

(2) When conducting a takeoff using reduced takeoff thrust, takeoff thrust may be selected at any time during the takeoff operation.

h. Procedures for reliably determining and applying the value of the reduced takeoff thrust setting and determining the associated required airplane performance are simple (such as the assumed temperature method). Additionally, the pilot is provided with information to enable him to obtain both the reduced takeoff thrust and takeoff thrust, or derated takeoff thrust if such is the performance basis, for each ambient condition.

i. Training procedures are developed by the operator for the use of reduced takeoff thrust.

58


Certificate Lim. (AFM Appendix)

59


Certificate Limitations (Basic AFM)

60


FAR / JAR Requirements

61


Takeoff Performance Data737-800 TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE KBFI RWY 13R LENGTH 10000 FTCFM56-7B26 STANDARD CONFIGURATION BOEING FIELD ELEV 17 FTFLAPS 5 MAX RATED THRUST (26K) RWY COND DRY

MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE TAKEOFF WEIGHT (100 KG) / TAKEOFF SPEEDSTEMP WIND (KT)(C) -10 0 5 10

50 647*/38-40-45 669*/41-42-47 673*/42-43-48 677*/42-43-4848 658*/39-41-46 681*/42-43-48 685*/43-44-49 688*/43-44-4946 669*/39-42-47 692*/43-44-50 696*/44-45-50 700*/44-45-5044 680*/40-43-49 704*/44-45-51 707*/45-46-51 711*/45-46-5142 691*/41-44-50 715*/45-46-52 719*/46-47-52 723*/46-47-5340 702*/42-45-51 727*/46-47-53 731*/46-48-53 735*/47-48-5438 713*/43-46-52 738*/47-48-54 742*/47-49-54 746*/48-49-5536 724*/44-47-53 750*/47-49-55 754*/48-50-56 758*/49-50-5634 735*/44-48-54 762*/48-50-56 766*/49-51-57 770*/49-51-5732 746*/45-49-55 774*/49-52-58 779*/50-52-58 783*/50-52-5830 757*/46-50-56 785*/50-53-59 790*/50-53-59 794*/51-53-5925 761*/46-50-57 789*/50-53-59 794*/51-53-59 798*/51-54-6020 764*/47-50-57 792*/50-53-59 797*/51-54-60 801*/52-54-60

ABOVE STD:+KG/MB 26 25 25 25BELOW STD:-KG/MB 75 78 78 78

ENGINE-OUT PROCEDURE: MAINTAIN RWY HDGMINIMUM LEVEL-OFF HEIGHT FOR FLAP RETRACTION AND ACCELERATION: 1000 FT

737-800 TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE KBFI RWY 13R LENGTH 10000 FTCFM56-7B26 STANDARD CONFIGURATION BOEING FIELD ELEV 17 FTFLAPS 5 MAX RATED THRUST (26K) RWY COND DRY


50 647*/38-40-45 669*/41-42-47 673*/42-43-48 677*/42-43-4848 658*/39-41-46 681*/42-43-48 685*/43-44-49 688*/43-44-4946 669*/39-42-47 692*/43-44-50 696*/44-45-50 700*/44-45-5044 680*/40-43-49 704*/44-45-51 707*/45-46-51 711*/45-46-5142 691*/41-44-50 715*/45-46-52 719*/46-47-52 723*/46-47-5340 702*/42-45-51 727*/46-47-53 731*/46-48-53 735*/47-48-5438 713*/43-46-52 738*/47-48-54 742*/47-49-54 746*/48-49-5536 724*/44-47-53 750*/47-49-55 754*/48-50-56 758*/49-50-5634 735*/44-48-54 762*/48-50-56 766*/49-51-57 770*/49-51-5732 746*/45-49-55 774*/49-52-58 779*/50-52-58 783*/50-52-5830 757*/46-50-56 785*/50-53-59 790*/50-53-59 794*/51-53-5925 761*/46-50-57 789*/50-53-59 794*/51-53-59 798*/51-54-6020 764*/47-50-57 792*/50-53-59 797*/51-54-60 801*/52-54-60



62


Assumed Temperature Concept

OAT

Thrust

MTOWMax TOW

Max Thrust

ActualTemperature

Reduced Thrust

Maximum AllowableAssumed Temperature

25% Reduction

MaximumAssumed Temperature

MinimumAssumed Temperature

Actual TOW

63


Determine Max Assumed Temp737-800 TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE KBFI RWY 13R LENGTH 10000 FTCFM56-7B26 STANDARD CONFIGURATION BOEING FIELD ELEV 17 FTFLAPS 5 MAX RATED THRUST (26K) RWY COND DRY


50 647*/38-40-45 669*/41-42-47 673*/42-43-48 677*/42-43-4848 658*/39-41-46 681*/42-43-48 685*/43-44-49 688*/43-44-4946 669*/39-42-47 692*/43-44-50 696*/44-45-50 700*/44-45-5044 680*/40-43-49 704*/44-45-51 707*/45-46-51 711*/45-46-5142 691*/41-44-50 715*/45-46-52 719*/46-47-52 723*/46-47-5340 702*/42-45-51 727*/46-47-53 731*/46-48-53 735*/47-48-5438 713*/43-46-52 738*/47-48-54 742*/47-49-54 746*/48-49-5536 724*/44-47-53 750*/47-49-55 754*/48-50-56 758*/49-50-5634 735*/44-48-54 762*/48-50-56 766*/49-51-57 770*/49-51-5732 746*/45-49-55 774*/49-52-58 779*/50-52-58 783*/50-52-5830 757*/46-50-56 785*/50-53-59 790*/50-53-59 794*/51-53-5925 761*/46-50-57 789*/50-53-59 794*/51-53-59 798*/51-54-6020 764*/47-50-57 792*/50-53-59 797*/51-54-60 801*/52-54-60



737-800 TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE KBFI RWY 13R LENGTH 10000 FTCFM56-7B26 STANDARD CONFIGURATION BOEING FIELD ELEV 17 FTFLAPS 5 MAX RATED THRUST (26K) RWY COND DRY


50 647*/38-40-45 669*/41-42-47 673*/42-43-48 677*/42-43-4848 658*/39-41-46 681*/42-43-48 685*/43-44-49 688*/43-44-4946 669*/39-42-47 692*/43-44-50 696*/44-45-50 700*/44-45-5044 680*/40-43-49 704*/44-45-51 707*/45-46-51 711*/45-46-5142 691*/41-44-50 715*/45-46-52 719*/46-47-52 723*/46-47-5340 702*/42-45-51 727*/46-47-53 731*/46-48-53 735*/47-48-5438 713*/43-46-52 738*/47-48-54 742*/47-49-54 746*/48-49-5536 724*/44-47-53 750*/47-49-55 754*/48-50-56 758*/49-50-5634 735*/44-48-54 762*/48-50-56 766*/49-51-57 770*/49-51-5732 746*/45-49-55 774*/49-52-58 779*/50-52-58 783*/50-52-5830 757*/46-50-56 785*/50-53-59 790*/50-53-59 794*/51-53-5925 761*/46-50-57 789*/50-53-59 794*/51-53-59 798*/51-54-6020 764*/47-50-57 792*/50-53-59 797*/51-54-60 801*/52-54-60



OAT 30°C, No WindTOW = 70,000 kg


64


QRH Takeoff Speeds Data

TOW = 70,000 kg Flaps 5

Pressure Altitude Sea Level

Temp V1 VR V2

30°C 141 143 15240°C 142 144 15150°C 144 146 15060°C 145 147 149

TOW = 70,000 kg Flaps 5

Pressure Altitude Sea Level

Temp V1 VR V2

30°C 141 143 15240°C 142 144 15150°C 144 146 15060°C 145 147 149

65


Determine Proper Takeoff Speeds

4 Takeoff speeds for Assumed Temp reduced thrust takeoff should be determined as follows:• V1, VR, and V2 are based on the actual takeoff

weight, and the Assumed Temperature to be used for setting takeoff thrust.

• V1MCG must be based on the actual OAT.

4 Improved Climb speeds can only be obtained from a Takeoff Analysis !

66


Factors Affecting Assumed Temp

4 Max Allowable Assumed Temperature depends on the following factors:• Actual takeoff weight• Runway (length, slope, wind, and obstacles)• Airport elevation and pressure (QNH)• Runway surface condition (dry or wet)• Takeoff flaps setting• Takeoff thrust rating• Engine bleed configuration• Performance option (Improved Climb)

67


Factors Affecting Assumed TempTEMP MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE TAKEOFF WEIGHT (KG)(C) NORMAL FLAPS 15 24K DERATE A/C OFF 10 KT HW QNH 998 MB WET RWY

50 66900 63000 60900 68600 67600 66000 6660049 67500 63600 61500 69200 68200 66600 6720048 68100 64100 62000 69800 68800 67100 6780047 68700 64700 62600 70400 69400 67700 6840046 69200 65200 63200 71000 70000 68300 6890045 69800 65800 63700 71500 70500 68800 6940044 70400 66300 64300 72100 71100 69400 7000043 70900 66900 64900 72700 71700 69900 7060042 71500 67400 65400 73300 72300 70500 7110041 72100 68000 66000 73900 72900 71100 7170040 72700 68500 66600 74500 73500 71600 7230039 73300 69100 67200 75100 74000 72200 7280038 73800 69600 67800 75700 74600 72800 7340037 74400 70200 68300 76300 75200 73400 7400036 75000 70700 68900 76800 75800 74000 7450035 75600 71300 69400 77300 76400 74600 7510034 76200 71900 70000 77900 77000 75100 7570033 76800 72500 70600 78500 77700 75700 7630032 77400 73100 71300 79000 78300 76300 7690031 78000 73700 71900 79600 78900 76800 7750030 78500 74200 72500 80100 79400 77400 78100

TEMP MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE TAKEOFF WEIGHT (KG)(C) NORMAL FLAPS 15 24K DERATE A/C OFF 10 KT HW QNH 998 MB WET RWY

50 66900 63000 60900 68600 67600 66000 6660049 67500 63600 61500 69200 68200 66600 6720048 68100 64100 62000 69800 68800 67100 6780047 68700 64700 62600 70400 69400 67700 6840046 69200 65200 63200 71000 70000 68300 6890045 69800 65800 63700 71500 70500 68800 6940044 70400 66300 64300 72100 71100 69400 7000043 70900 66900 64900 72700 71700 69900 7060042 71500 67400 65400 73300 72300 70500 7110041 72100 68000 66000 73900 72900 71100 7170040 72700 68500 66600 74500 73500 71600 7230039 73300 69100 67200 75100 74000 72200 7280038 73800 69600 67800 75700 74600 72800 7340037 74400 70200 68300 76300 75200 73400 7400036 75000 70700 68900 76800 75800 74000 7450035 75600 71300 69400 77300 76400 74600 7510034 76200 71900 70000 77900 77000 75100 7570033 76800 72500 70600 78500 77700 75700 7630032 77400 73100 71300 79000 78300 76300 7690031 78000 73700 71900 79600 78900 76800 7750030 78500 74200 72500 80100 79400 77400 78100

OAT 30°CTOW = 70,000 kg

OAT 30°CTOW = 70,000 kg

68


Wet Runway Requirements

69


737-800 TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE KRNT RWY 33 LENGTH 5377 FTCFM56-7B26 STANDARD CONFIGURATION RENTON FIELD ELEV 30 FTFLAPS 5 NO WIND, STANDARD QNH RWY COND

TEMP DRY RWY WET RWY WET SK-R(C) MTOW V1 VR V2 MTOW V1 VR V2 MTOW V1 VR V2

50 55000 126 127 135 54000 117 126 134 55000 121 127 13548 55700 126 128 136 54700 117 126 135 55700 121 128 13646 56400 127 128 137 55300 117 127 136 56400 122 128 13744 57000 127 129 138 56000 118 128 137 57000 122 129 13842 57700 128 130 139 56700 118 128 138 57700 123 130 13940 58400 128 130 140 57300 119 129 138 58400 123 130 14038 59100 129 131 140 58000 119 130 139 59100 124 131 14036 59700 129 132 141 58700 120 130 140 59700 124 132 14134 60400 130 132 142 59300 120 131 141 60400 125 132 14232 61100 130 133 143 60000 121 131 142 61100 125 133 14330 61700 131 133 144 60700 121 132 143 61700 126 133 14425 62300 132 134 144 61300 122 133 143 62300 127 134 14420 62900 132 135 145 61900 123 133 144 62900 127 135 145

737-800 TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE KRNT RWY 33 LENGTH 5377 FTCFM56-7B26 STANDARD CONFIGURATION RENTON FIELD ELEV 30 FTFLAPS 5 NO WIND, STANDARD QNH RWY COND

TEMP DRY RWY WET RWY WET SK-R(C) MTOW V1 VR V2 MTOW V1 VR V2 MTOW V1 VR V2

50 55000 126 127 135 54000 117 126 134 55000 121 127 13548 55700 126 128 136 54700 117 126 135 55700 121 128 13646 56400 127 128 137 55300 117 127 136 56400 122 128 13744 57000 127 129 138 56000 118 128 137 57000 122 129 13842 57700 128 130 139 56700 118 128 138 57700 123 130 13940 58400 128 130 140 57300 119 129 138 58400 123 130 14038 59100 129 131 140 58000 119 130 139 59100 124 131 14036 59700 129 132 141 58700 120 130 140 59700 124 132 14134 60400 130 132 142 59300 120 131 141 60400 125 132 14232 61100 130 133 143 60000 121 131 142 61100 125 133 14330 61700 131 133 144 60700 121 132 143 61700 126 133 14425 62300 132 134 144 61300 122 133 143 62300 127 134 14420 62900 132 135 145 61900 123 133 144 62900 127 135 145

Assumed Temp on Wet Runway

OAT 25°C and TOW = 58,400 kgOAT 25°C and TOW = 58,400 kg

70


737-800 TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE KSEA RWY 34R LENGTH 11900 FTCFM56-7B26 STANDARD CONFIGURATION SEA-TAC INTL ELEV 430 FTFLAPS 5 NO WIND, STANDARD QNH RWY COND DRY

TEMP NORMAL IMPROVED CLIMB(C) MTOW V1 VR V2 MTOW V1 VR V2

50 67600 143 143 148 71600 165 168 17248 68800 144 144 149 72800 165 169 17246 70000 145 145 150 74100 166 169 17344 71200 146 146 151 75200 165 168 17242 72500 147 148 153 76200 164 167 17140 73700 148 149 154 77300 163 166 17138 75000 149 150 155 78400 163 166 17036 76300 150 151 156 79400 162 165 16934 77600 151 152 157 80300 161 164 16932 78900 152 153 159 81300 160 163 16830 80100 153 154 160 82200 160 163 168

737-800 TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE KSEA RWY 34R LENGTH 11900 FTCFM56-7B26 STANDARD CONFIGURATION SEA-TAC INTL ELEV 430 FTFLAPS 5 NO WIND, STANDARD QNH RWY COND DRY

TEMP NORMAL IMPROVED CLIMB(C) MTOW V1 VR V2 MTOW V1 VR V2

50 67600 143 143 148 71600 165 168 17248 68800 144 144 149 72800 165 169 17246 70000 145 145 150 74100 166 169 17344 71200 146 146 151 75200 165 168 17242 72500 147 148 153 76200 164 167 17140 73700 148 149 154 77300 163 166 17138 75000 149 150 155 78400 163 166 17036 76300 150 151 156 79400 162 165 16934 77600 151 152 157 80300 161 164 16932 78900 152 153 159 81300 160 163 16830 80100 153 154 160 82200 160 163 168

Assumed Temp with Imp. Climb

OAT 30°CTOW = 75,000 kg

OAT 30°CTOW = 75,000 kg

71


737-800 TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE KBFICFM56-7B26 STANDARD CONFIGURATION BOEING FIELD ELEV 17 FTFLAPS 5 NO WIND, STANDARD QNH RWY COND DRY

MAXIMUM TEMP MAX ALLOWABLE TAKEOFF WEIGHT (KG) / V-SPEEDS%N1 (C) RUNWAY 13R RUNWAY 31L

97.2 50 66900 141 142 147 68400 143 144 14997.4 48 68100 142 143 148 69700 144 145 15097.7 46 69200 143 144 150 71000 145 146 15198.0 44 70400 144 145 151 72200 146 147 15298.3 42 71500 145 146 152 73500 147 148 15498.6 40 72700 146 147 153 74700 148 150 15598.9 38 73800 147 148 154 76000 149 151 15699.3 36 75000 147 149 155 77300 150 152 15799.6 34 76200 148 150 156 78600 151 153 15899.9 32 77400 149 152 158 80000 152 154 160

100.3 30 78500 150 153 159 81300 152 155 16199.5 25 78900 150 153 159 81500 153 156 16198.8 20 79200 150 153 159 81700 153 156 16198.0 15 79500 151 153 160 81800 153 156 16197.2 10 79800 151 154 160 82000 153 156 162

737-800 TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE KBFICFM56-7B26 STANDARD CONFIGURATION BOEING FIELD ELEV 17 FTFLAPS 5 NO WIND, STANDARD QNH RWY COND DRY

MAXIMUM TEMP MAX ALLOWABLE TAKEOFF WEIGHT (KG) / V-SPEEDS%N1 (C) RUNWAY 13R RUNWAY 31L

97.2 50 66900 141 142 147 68400 143 144 14997.4 48 68100 142 143 148 69700 144 145 15097.7 46 69200 143 144 150 71000 145 146 15198.0 44 70400 144 145 151 72200 146 147 15298.3 42 71500 145 146 152 73500 147 148 15498.6 40 72700 146 147 153 74700 148 150 15598.9 38 73800 147 148 154 76000 149 151 15699.3 36 75000 147 149 155 77300 150 152 15799.6 34 76200 148 150 156 78600 151 153 15899.9 32 77400 149 152 158 80000 152 154 160

100.3 30 78500 150 153 159 81300 152 155 16199.5 25 78900 150 153 159 81500 153 156 16198.8 20 79200 150 153 159 81700 153 156 16198.0 15 79500 151 153 160 81800 153 156 16197.2 10 79800 151 154 160 82000 153 156 162

Assumed Temp Reduced %N1

OAT 10°CTOW = 72,000 kg

OAT 10°CTOW = 72,000 kg

72


OAT 10°C, Altitude Sea LevelAssumed Temperature: 40°C

Max Assumed Temp 66°C

Max %N1 for 40°C 98.6

Min Assumed Temp 30°C

%N1 Reduction 4.4

Reduced %N1 94.2

OAT 10°C, Altitude Sea LevelAssumed Temperature: 40°C

Max Assumed Temp 66°C

Max %N1 for 40°C 98.6

Min Assumed Temp 30°C

%N1 Reduction 4.4

Reduced %N1 94.2

QRH Reduced %N1 Data

73


Assumed Temp Reduced EPR

74


757-200 TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE KBFIRB211-535E4 STANDARD CONFIGURATION BOEING FIELD ELEV 17 FTFLAPS 5 NO WIND, STANDARD QNH RWY COND DRY

MAXIMUM TEMP MAX ALLOWABLE TAKEOFF WEIGHT (KG) / V-SPEEDSEPR (C) RUNWAY 31L RUNWAY 31L-A10

1.57 54 97900 149 151 154 84400 135 138 1431.59 52 99600 150 153 155 85600 136 139 1441.60 50 101300 152 154 156 86900 137 140 1451.61 48 103000 153 155 157 88200 138 141 1461.62 46 104600 154 156 158 89400 138 142 1471.63 44 106200 155 157 160 90600 139 143 1481.64 42 107800 155 158 161 91700 139 143 1491.65 40 109400 156 159 162 92900 140 144 1501.67 38 110800 157 160 163 94000 141 145 1501.68 36 112300 158 161 164 95100 142 146 1511.69 34 113700 159 162 166 96300 143 147 1521.70 32 115100 160 163 167 97400 143 147 1531.71 30 115700 160 163 167 98500 144 148 1541.72 25 115700 160 163 167 99500 145 149 1551.72 20 115700 160 163 167 100300 145 150 1551.72 15 115700 160 163 167 101000 146 150 156

757-200 TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE KBFIRB211-535E4 STANDARD CONFIGURATION BOEING FIELD ELEV 17 FTFLAPS 5 NO WIND, STANDARD QNH RWY COND DRY

MAXIMUM TEMP MAX ALLOWABLE TAKEOFF WEIGHT (KG) / V-SPEEDSEPR (C) RUNWAY 31L RUNWAY 31L-A10

1.57 54 97900 149 151 154 84400 135 138 1431.59 52 99600 150 153 155 85600 136 139 1441.60 50 101300 152 154 156 86900 137 140 1451.61 48 103000 153 155 157 88200 138 141 1461.62 46 104600 154 156 158 89400 138 142 1471.63 44 106200 155 157 160 90600 139 143 1481.64 42 107800 155 158 161 91700 139 143 1491.65 40 109400 156 159 162 92900 140 144 1501.67 38 110800 157 160 163 94000 141 145 1501.68 36 112300 158 161 164 95100 142 146 1511.69 34 113700 159 162 166 96300 143 147 1521.70 32 115100 160 163 167 97400 143 147 1531.71 30 115700 160 163 167 98500 144 148 1541.72 25 115700 160 163 167 99500 145 149 1551.72 20 115700 160 163 167 100300 145 150 1551.72 15 115700 160 163 167 101000 146 150 156

Takeoff from an IntersectionOAT 15°C

TOW = 99,500 kgOAT 15°C

TOW = 99,500 kg

75


737-800 TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE KSEA RWY 16R LENGTH 9425 FTCFM56-7B26 STANDARD CONFIGURATION SEA-TAC INTL ELEV 430 FTFLAPS 1 MAX RATED THRUST (26K) RWY COND DRY

RUNWAY LIMITED WEIGHT (KG) CLIMBTEMP WIND (KT) LIMIT(C) -15 -10 -5 0 10 20 WT-KG

60A 60500F 62300F 64100F 66100F 67500F 68800F 6430058A 61200F 63000F 64900F 67000F 68300F 69700F 6540056A 62000F 63800F 65700F 67800F 69200F 70600F 6650054 62700F 64600F 66600F 68600F 70100F 71500F 6750052 63500F 65400F 67500F 69600F 71000F 72400F 6870050 64400F 66300F 68400F 70500F 72000F 73400F 7000048 65200F 67300F 69300F 71500F 72900F 74400F 7120046 66000F 68200F 70300F 72400F 73900F 75400F 7250044 66800F 69100F 71200F 73400F 74900F 76400F 7380042 67700F 70000F 72200F 74400F 75900F 77500F 7500040 68500F 70900F 73100F 75400F 76900F 78500F 7630038 69400F 71800F 74100F 76400F 78000F 79600F 7770036 70300F 72600F 75000F 77400F 79000F 80600F 7900034 71100F 73400F 75800F 78300F 80000F 81700F 8030032 71900F 74300F 76700F 79200F 80900F 82700F 8170030 72200B 75100F 77500F 80100F 81800F 83600F 8300025 72900B 75800B 78400F 81000F 82800F 84600F 8370020 73500B 76400B 79100F 81700F 83500F 85300F 83800



60A 60500F 62300F 64100F 66100F 67500F 68800F 6430058A 61200F 63000F 64900F 67000F 68300F 69700F 6540056A 62000F 63800F 65700F 67800F 69200F 70600F 6650054 62700F 64600F 66600F 68600F 70100F 71500F 6750052 63500F 65400F 67500F 69600F 71000F 72400F 6870050 64400F 66300F 68400F 70500F 72000F 73400F 7000048 65200F 67300F 69300F 71500F 72900F 74400F 7120046 66000F 68200F 70300F 72400F 73900F 75400F 7250044 66800F 69100F 71200F 73400F 74900F 76400F 7380042 67700F 70000F 72200F 74400F 75900F 77500F 7500040 68500F 70900F 73100F 75400F 76900F 78500F 7630038 69400F 71800F 74100F 76400F 78000F 79600F 7770036 70300F 72600F 75000F 77400F 79000F 80600F 7900034 71100F 73400F 75800F 78300F 80000F 81700F 8030032 71900F 74300F 76700F 79200F 80900F 82700F 8170030 72200B 75100F 77500F 80100F 81800F 83600F 8300025 72900B 75800B 78400F 81000F 82800F 84600F 8370020 73500B 76400B 79100F 81700F 83500F 85300F 83800

Separate Rwy and Climb Limit Wt.

OAT 30°C, No WindOAT 30°C, No Wind

TOW = 75,000 kgTOW = 75,000 kg

TOW = 66,000 kgTOW = 66,000 kg

76




70A 56900F 58600F 60400F 62300F 63500F 64700F 5940068A 57600F 59400F 61200F 63000F 64300F 65500F 6040066A 58300F 60100F 61900F 63800F 65000F 66300F 6130064A 59000F 60800F 62600F 64600F 65800F 67200F 6230062A 59700F 61500F 63400F 65300F 66600F 68000F 6330060A 60500F 62300F 64100F 66100F 67500F 68800F 6430058A 61200F 63000F 64900F 67000F 68300F 69700F 6540056A 62000F 63800F 65700F 67800F 69200F 70600F 6650054 62700F 64600F 66600F 68600F 70100F 71500F 6750052 63500F 65400F 67500F 69600F 71000F 72400F 6870050 64400F 66300F 68400F 70500F 72000F 73400F 7000048 65200F 67300F 69300F 71500F 72900F 74400F 7120046 66000F 68200F 70300F 72400F 73900F 75400F 7250044 66800F 69100F 71200F 73400F 74900F 76400F 7380042 67700F 70000F 72200F 74400F 75900F 77500F 7500040 68500F 70900F 73100F 75400F 76900F 78500F 76300



70A 56900F 58600F 60400F 62300F 63500F 64700F 5940068A 57600F 59400F 61200F 63000F 64300F 65500F 6040066A 58300F 60100F 61900F 63800F 65000F 66300F 6130064A 59000F 60800F 62600F 64600F 65800F 67200F 6230062A 59700F 61500F 63400F 65300F 66600F 68000F 6330060A 60500F 62300F 64100F 66100F 67500F 68800F 6430058A 61200F 63000F 64900F 67000F 68300F 69700F 6540056A 62000F 63800F 65700F 67800F 69200F 70600F 6650054 62700F 64600F 66600F 68600F 70100F 71500F 6750052 63500F 65400F 67500F 69600F 71000F 72400F 6870050 64400F 66300F 68400F 70500F 72000F 73400F 7000048 65200F 67300F 69300F 71500F 72900F 74400F 7120046 66000F 68200F 70300F 72400F 73900F 75400F 7250044 66800F 69100F 71200F 73400F 74900F 76400F 7380042 67700F 70000F 72200F 74400F 75900F 77500F 7500040 68500F 70900F 73100F 75400F 76900F 78500F 76300

Extended Assumed Temp Analysis

77


MD-80 TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE KLGB RWY 30 LENGTH 10000 FTJT8D-217A&C STANDARD CONFIGURATION LONG BEACH ELEV 57 FTOPTIMUM FLAP STANDARD QNH RWY COND DRY

MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE TAKEOFF WEIGHT (FLAPS)V1/VR/V2

FLAPS/SLATS/FINAL SEGMENT SPEEDSEPR EPR TEMP WIND (KT)NORM MAX OAT -10 0 5 10

1.93 1.98 30C 65.6( 8.3)*C 68.5( 7.0)*C 68.9( 7.0)*C 69.3( 7.0)*C144/149/156 151/155/162 152/156/162 153/156/163161/198/219 167/203/223 167/203/224 168/204/225

1.89 1.94 35C 63.7( 8.6)*C 66.5( 7.6)*C 66.9( 7.1)*C 67.2( 7.5)*C142/146/153 148/152/158 150/153/160 150/153/159158/195/215 163/200/220 165/200/221 164/201/221

1.84 1.90 40C 61.7( 9.0)*C 64.4( 7.5)*C 64.8( 7.5)*C 65.1( 7.2)*C139/144/150 146/150/156 147/150/156 148/151/157155/192/212 161/197/217 161/197/217 162/198/218

1.81 1.86 45C 59.8( 7.5)*C 62.4( 7.0)*C 62.7( 7.1)*C 63.0( 6.9)*C139/144/150 145/148/154 145/148/155 146/149/155155/189/209 159/193/213 160/194/214 160/194/214

1.77 1.82 50C 57.7( 7.6)*C 60.2( 7.0)*C 60.5( 7.0)*C 60.8( 6.7)*C137/141/147 142/146/151 143/146/152 144/147/153152/186/205 156/190/209 157/190/210 158/191/210

MD-80 TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE KLGB RWY 30 LENGTH 10000 FTJT8D-217A&C STANDARD CONFIGURATION LONG BEACH ELEV 57 FTOPTIMUM FLAP STANDARD QNH RWY COND DRY

MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE TAKEOFF WEIGHT (FLAPS)V1/VR/V2

FLAPS/SLATS/FINAL SEGMENT SPEEDSEPR EPR TEMP WIND (KT)NORM MAX OAT -10 0 5 10

1.93 1.98 30C 65.6( 8.3)*C 68.5( 7.0)*C 68.9( 7.0)*C 69.3( 7.0)*C144/149/156 151/155/162 152/156/162 153/156/163161/198/219 167/203/223 167/203/224 168/204/225

1.89 1.94 35C 63.7( 8.6)*C 66.5( 7.6)*C 66.9( 7.1)*C 67.2( 7.5)*C142/146/153 148/152/158 150/153/160 150/153/159158/195/215 163/200/220 165/200/221 164/201/221

1.84 1.90 40C 61.7( 9.0)*C 64.4( 7.5)*C 64.8( 7.5)*C 65.1( 7.2)*C139/144/150 146/150/156 147/150/156 148/151/157155/192/212 161/197/217 161/197/217 162/198/218

1.81 1.86 45C 59.8( 7.5)*C 62.4( 7.0)*C 62.7( 7.1)*C 63.0( 6.9)*C139/144/150 145/148/154 145/148/155 146/149/155155/189/209 159/193/213 160/194/214 160/194/214

1.77 1.82 50C 57.7( 7.6)*C 60.2( 7.0)*C 60.5( 7.0)*C 60.8( 6.7)*C137/141/147 142/146/151 143/146/152 144/147/153152/186/205 156/190/209 157/190/210 158/191/210

Auto. Reserve Thrust Sys. (ARTS)



Reduced EPRReduced EPR

78


1.81 1.86 45C 59.8( 7.5)*C 62.4( 7.0)*C 62.7( 7.1)*C 63.0( 6.9)*C139/144/150 145/148/154 145/148/155 146/149/155155/189/209 159/193/213 160/194/214 160/194/214

1.77 1.82 50C 57.7( 7.6)*C 60.2( 7.0)*C 60.5( 7.0)*C 60.8( 6.7)*C137/141/147 142/146/151 143/146/152 144/147/153152/186/205 156/190/209 157/190/210 158/191/210

1.77 1.82 50C 57.5(10.0)ST 59.9( 8.5)ST 59.9( 9.7)ST 59.9(10.4)ST133/138/143 140/143/149 138/141/147 138/140/146148/186/204 154/190/209 152/190/209 151/190/209

1.77 1.82 50C 55.0(13.0) 57.4(13.0) 57.4(13.0) 57.4(13.0)127/131/137 131/135/140 131/135/140 132/135/140142/182/200 145/186/204 145/186/204 145/186/204

1.77 1.82 50C 52.5(13.0) 54.9(13.0) 54.9(13.0) 54.9(13.0)123/128/134 128/131/137 128/131/137 128/131/137139/178/195 142/182/200 142/182/200 142/182/200

1.77 1.82 50C 50.0(13.0) 52.4(13.0) 52.4(13.0) 52.4(13.0)119/124/131 124/128/134 124/128/134 124/128/134136/173/191 139/178/195 139/178/195 139/178/195

1.77 1.82 50C 47.5(13.0) 49.9(13.0) 49.9(13.0) 49.9(13.0)114/121/127 120/124/131 120/124/131 120/124/131132/169/186 136/173/191 136/173/191 136/173/191

1.81 1.86 45C 59.8( 7.5)*C 62.4( 7.0)*C 62.7( 7.1)*C 63.0( 6.9)*C139/144/150 145/148/154 145/148/155 146/149/155155/189/209 159/193/213 160/194/214 160/194/214

1.77 1.82 50C 57.7( 7.6)*C 60.2( 7.0)*C 60.5( 7.0)*C 60.8( 6.7)*C137/141/147 142/146/151 143/146/152 144/147/153152/186/205 156/190/209 157/190/210 158/191/210

1.77 1.82 50C 57.5(10.0)ST 59.9( 8.5)ST 59.9( 9.7)ST 59.9(10.4)ST133/138/143 140/143/149 138/141/147 138/140/146148/186/204 154/190/209 152/190/209 151/190/209

1.77 1.82 50C 55.0(13.0) 57.4(13.0) 57.4(13.0) 57.4(13.0)127/131/137 131/135/140 131/135/140 132/135/140142/182/200 145/186/204 145/186/204 145/186/204

1.77 1.82 50C 52.5(13.0) 54.9(13.0) 54.9(13.0) 54.9(13.0)123/128/134 128/131/137 128/131/137 128/131/137139/178/195 142/182/200 142/182/200 142/182/200

1.77 1.82 50C 50.0(13.0) 52.4(13.0) 52.4(13.0) 52.4(13.0)119/124/131 124/128/134 124/128/134 124/128/134136/173/191 139/178/195 139/178/195 139/178/195

1.77 1.82 50C 47.5(13.0) 49.9(13.0) 49.9(13.0) 49.9(13.0)114/121/127 120/124/131 120/124/131 120/124/131132/169/186 136/173/191 136/173/191 136/173/191

Extended Weight Analysis



79


Assumed Temp is Conservative !

EPR 1.376 1.376V1 (IAS / TAS) 147 / 153 147 / 147VR (IAS / TAS) 155 / 162 155 / 155V2 (IAS / TAS) 162 / 169 162 / 162Thrust at V1 (LB) 30,960 31,210Thrust at VR (LB) 30,610 30,880Thrust at V2 (LB) 30,300 30,570Engine-Out Takeoff Distance (ft) 9800 9050All-Engine Takeoff Distance (ft) 8800 8100Accelerate – Stop Distance (ft) 9800 9050Second Segment Gradient (%) 3.42 3.54Second Segment Rate of Climb (fpm) 586 582

EPR 1.376 1.376V1 (IAS / TAS) 147 / 153 147 / 147VR (IAS / TAS) 155 / 162 155 / 155V2 (IAS / TAS) 162 / 169 162 / 162Thrust at V1 (LB) 30,960 31,210Thrust at VR (LB) 30,610 30,880Thrust at V2 (LB) 30,300 30,570Engine-Out Takeoff Distance (ft) 9800 9050All-Engine Takeoff Distance (ft) 8800 8100Accelerate – Stop Distance (ft) 9800 9050Second Segment Gradient (%) 3.42 3.54Second Segment Rate of Climb (fpm) 586 582

Actual OAT 15°CActual 40°C Assuming 40°C

Actual OAT 15°CActual 40°C Assuming 40°C

80


The Derate Method

81


Means of Compliance (AC 25-13)

6. DERATED THRUST: ACCEPTABLE MEANS OF COMPLIANCE. For approval of derated takeoff thrust provisions, the limitations, procedures, and other information prescribed by § 5 25.1581 of the FAR, as applicable for approval of a change in thrust, should be included as a separate Appendix in the AFM. The AFM limitations section should indicate that when operating with derated thrust, the thrust setting parameter should be considered a takeoff operating limit. However, inflight takeoff thrust (based on the maximum takeoff thrust specified in the basic AFM) may be used in showing compliance with the landing and approach climb requirements of §§ 25.119 and 25.121(d), provided that the availability of takeoff thrust upon demand is confirmed by using the thrust-verification checks specified in paragraph 5e above.

6. DERATED THRUST: ACCEPTABLE MEANS OF COMPLIANCE. For approval of derated takeoff thrust provisions, the limitations, procedures, and other information prescribed by § 5 25.1581 of the FAR, as applicable for approval of a change in thrust, should be included as a separate Appendix in the AFM. The AFM limitations section should indicate that when operating with derated thrust, the thrust setting parameter should be considered a takeoff operating limit. However, inflight takeoff thrust (based on the maximum takeoff thrust specified in the basic AFM) may be used in showing compliance with the landing and approach climb requirements of §§ 25.119 and 25.121(d), provided that the availability of takeoff thrust upon demand is confirmed by using the thrust-verification checks specified in paragraph 5e above.

82


Certificate Lim. (AFM Appendix)

83


Certificate Limitations (Basic AFM)

84


737-800 TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE KBFI RWY 13R LENGTH 10000 FTCFM56-7B26 STANDARD CONFIGURATION BOEING FILED ELEV 17 FTFLAPS 5 MAX RATED THRUST (26K) RWY COND WET


50 641*/28-39-45 666*/33-42-47 671*/34-42-47 675*/35-43-4848 652*/29-40-46 678*/34-43-48 682*/35-43-48 686*/36-44-4946 662*/29-41-47 689*/35-44-49 693*/36-44-50 698*/37-45-5044 673*/30-42-48 700*/36-45-50 704*/37-45-51 709*/38-46-5142 683*/31-43-49 711*/37-46-52 716*/38-46-52 720*/39-47-5240 694*/32-44-50 723*/38-47-53 727*/39-47-53 732*/39-48-5338 705*/33-45-51 734*/39-48-54 739*/39-48-54 743*/40-49-5536 716*/33-46-52 745*/39-49-55 750*/40-49-55 755*/41-50-5634 727*/34-47-53 757*/40-50-56 762*/41-50-56 767*/42-51-5732 738*/35-48-55 769*/41-51-57 774*/42-52-58 779*/43-52-5830 749*/36-49-56 781*/42-52-58 786*/43-53-59 791*/44-53-5925 753*/36-49-56 785*/42-52-59 790*/43-53-59 794*/44-53-5920 757*/37-49-56 788*/43-53-59 793*/44-53-59 798*/45-54-60


737-800 TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE KBFI RWY 13R LENGTH 10000 FTCFM56-7B26 STANDARD CONFIGURATION BOEING FILED ELEV 17 FTFLAPS 5 MAX RATED THRUST (26K) RWY COND WET


50 641*/28-39-45 666*/33-42-47 671*/34-42-47 675*/35-43-4848 652*/29-40-46 678*/34-43-48 682*/35-43-48 686*/36-44-4946 662*/29-41-47 689*/35-44-49 693*/36-44-50 698*/37-45-5044 673*/30-42-48 700*/36-45-50 704*/37-45-51 709*/38-46-5142 683*/31-43-49 711*/37-46-52 716*/38-46-52 720*/39-47-5240 694*/32-44-50 723*/38-47-53 727*/39-47-53 732*/39-48-5338 705*/33-45-51 734*/39-48-54 739*/39-48-54 743*/40-49-5536 716*/33-46-52 745*/39-49-55 750*/40-49-55 755*/41-50-5634 727*/34-47-53 757*/40-50-56 762*/41-50-56 767*/42-51-5732 738*/35-48-55 769*/41-51-57 774*/42-52-58 779*/43-52-5830 749*/36-49-56 781*/42-52-58 786*/43-53-59 791*/44-53-5925 753*/36-49-56 785*/42-52-59 790*/43-53-59 794*/44-53-5920 757*/37-49-56 788*/43-53-59 793*/44-53-59 798*/45-54-60


T/O Performance Data Required

737-800 TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE KBFI RWY 13R LENGTH 10000 FTCFM56-7B26 STANDARD CONFIGURATION BOEING FIELD ELEV 17 FTFLAPS 5 24K DERATE RWY COND WET


50 586*/24-33-38 608*/29-36-40 611*/30-36-41 614*/30-37-4148 597*/25-34-39 619*/30-37-42 622*/31-38-42 626*/31-38-4246 607*/25-35-41 630*/31-38-43 634*/32-39-43 637*/32-39-4444 618*/26-37-42 641*/32-39-44 645*/33-40-45 648*/33-40-4542 628*/27-38-43 652*/33-41-45 656*/34-41-46 660*/34-41-4640 639*/28-39-44 664*/34-42-47 668*/34-42-47 672*/35-43-4738 650*/29-40-45 675*/35-43-48 679*/35-43-48 683*/36-44-4936 660*/30-41-47 686*/35-44-49 690*/36-44-49 694*/37-45-5034 671*/31-42-48 697*/36-45-50 702*/37-45-50 706*/38-46-5132 682*/31-43-49 709*/37-46-51 714*/38-46-52 718*/39-47-5230 694*/32-44-50 722*/38-47-53 726*/39-47-53 730*/40-48-5325 697*/33-44-50 725*/38-47-53 729*/39-48-53 734*/40-48-5420 700*/33-45-51 728*/39-48-53 732*/40-48-53 737*/41-49-54




50 586*/24-33-38 608*/29-36-40 611*/30-36-41 614*/30-37-4148 597*/25-34-39 619*/30-37-42 622*/31-38-42 626*/31-38-4246 607*/25-35-41 630*/31-38-43 634*/32-39-43 637*/32-39-4444 618*/26-37-42 641*/32-39-44 645*/33-40-45 648*/33-40-4542 628*/27-38-43 652*/33-41-45 656*/34-41-46 660*/34-41-4640 639*/28-39-44 664*/34-42-47 668*/34-42-47 672*/35-43-4738 650*/29-40-45 675*/35-43-48 679*/35-43-48 683*/36-44-4936 660*/30-41-47 686*/35-44-49 690*/36-44-49 694*/37-45-5034 671*/31-42-48 697*/36-45-50 702*/37-45-50 706*/38-46-5132 682*/31-43-49 709*/37-46-51 714*/38-46-52 718*/39-47-5230 694*/32-44-50 722*/38-47-53 726*/39-47-53 730*/40-48-5325 697*/33-44-50 725*/38-47-53 729*/39-48-53 734*/40-48-5420 700*/33-45-51 728*/39-48-53 732*/40-48-53 737*/41-49-54




50 551*/21-29-34 570*/26-32-36 574*/26-32-36 574C/27-32-3648 561*/22-31-35 581*/27-33-37 585*/28-34-37 586C/28-34-3846 572*/23-32-36 592*/28-34-38 596*/29-35-39 597C/29-35-3944 582*/23-33-37 603*/29-35-40 606*/29-36-40 609C/30-36-4042 592*/24-34-39 614*/30-37-41 617*/30-37-41 620*/31-37-4240 602*/25-35-40 624*/31-38-42 628*/31-38-43 631*/32-39-4338 613*/26-36-41 636*/32-39-44 640*/32-39-44 643*/33-40-4436 624*/27-37-43 648*/33-40-45 651*/33-41-45 655*/34-41-4634 635*/28-38-44 659*/34-41-46 663*/34-42-46 667*/35-42-4732 646*/29-39-45 671*/34-42-47 675*/35-43-48 679*/36-43-4830 657*/30-41-46 683*/35-43-49 687*/36-44-49 691*/37-44-4925 660*/30-41-47 686*/36-44-49 690*/37-44-49 694*/37-45-5020 663*/31-41-47 688*/36-44-49 692*/37-44-49 696*/38-45-50




50 551*/21-29-34 570*/26-32-36 574*/26-32-36 574C/27-32-3648 561*/22-31-35 581*/27-33-37 585*/28-34-37 586C/28-34-3846 572*/23-32-36 592*/28-34-38 596*/29-35-39 597C/29-35-3944 582*/23-33-37 603*/29-35-40 606*/29-36-40 609C/30-36-4042 592*/24-34-39 614*/30-37-41 617*/30-37-41 620*/31-37-4240 602*/25-35-40 624*/31-38-42 628*/31-38-43 631*/32-39-4338 613*/26-36-41 636*/32-39-44 640*/32-39-44 643*/33-40-4436 624*/27-37-43 648*/33-40-45 651*/33-41-45 655*/34-41-4634 635*/28-38-44 659*/34-41-46 663*/34-42-46 667*/35-42-4732 646*/29-39-45 671*/34-42-47 675*/35-43-48 679*/36-43-4830 657*/30-41-46 683*/35-43-49 687*/36-44-49 691*/37-44-4925 660*/30-41-47 686*/36-44-49 690*/37-44-49 694*/37-45-5020 663*/31-41-47 688*/36-44-49 692*/37-44-49 696*/38-45-50


85


Derate Selection

OAT

MTO

WMax Rated

Derate 1

Derate 2

Derate 1

Actual TOW

Max TOW

ActualTemperature

Maximum AllowableTakeoff Derate

86


737-800 TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE KBFI RWY 13R LENGTH 10000 FTCFM56-7B26 STANDARD CONFIGURATION BOEING FIELD ELEV 17 FTFLAPS 5 NO WIND, STANDARD QNH RWY COND 10 MM STD WATER

TEMP MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE TAKEOFF WEIGHT (KG) / TAKEOFF SPEEDS (V1-VR-V2)(C) MAX RATED (26K) 24K DERATE 22K DERATE

50 61400F 128 135 142 55300F 125 129 135 48700F 116 121 12748 62300F 129 136 143 57800* 128 132 137 50300F 118 123 12946 63200F 129 137 144 58800* 128 133 139 51900F 120 125 13144 64000F 130 138 145 59800* 129 134 140 53600F 122 127 13342 64900F 130 139 146 60800* 129 135 141 55500F 125 129 13540 65900F 130 140 147 61800F 130 136 142 57800F 127 132 13738 66800F 131 141 148 62700F 130 137 143 59500* 129 134 13936 67800F 131 141 149 63600F 131 138 144 60500* 130 135 14134 68700F 131 142 150 64500F 131 139 145 61600* 130 136 14232 69700F 132 143 151 65500F 132 140 146 62700* 131 137 14330 70600F 132 144 152 66500F 132 141 148 63700* 132 138 14425 71300F 133 145 153 67100F 133 141 148 64100* 132 139 14520 71800F 134 145 153 67600F 134 142 149 64400* 133 139 14515 72400F 135 146 154 68200* 135 142 149 64700* 133 139 14510 73100F 136 147 154 68600* 135 143 149 65000* 134 140 146

737-800 TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE KBFI RWY 13R LENGTH 10000 FTCFM56-7B26 STANDARD CONFIGURATION BOEING FIELD ELEV 17 FTFLAPS 5 NO WIND, STANDARD QNH RWY COND 10 MM STD WATER


50 61400F 128 135 142 55300F 125 129 135 48700F 116 121 12748 62300F 129 136 143 57800* 128 132 137 50300F 118 123 12946 63200F 129 137 144 58800* 128 133 139 51900F 120 125 13144 64000F 130 138 145 59800* 129 134 140 53600F 122 127 13342 64900F 130 139 146 60800* 129 135 141 55500F 125 129 13540 65900F 130 140 147 61800F 130 136 142 57800F 127 132 13738 66800F 131 141 148 62700F 130 137 143 59500* 129 134 13936 67800F 131 141 149 63600F 131 138 144 60500* 130 135 14134 68700F 131 142 150 64500F 131 139 145 61600* 130 136 14232 69700F 132 143 151 65500F 132 140 146 62700* 131 137 14330 70600F 132 144 152 66500F 132 141 148 63700* 132 138 14425 71300F 133 145 153 67100F 133 141 148 64100* 132 139 14520 71800F 134 145 153 67600F 134 142 149 64400* 133 139 14515 72400F 135 146 154 68200* 135 142 149 64700* 133 139 14510 73100F 136 147 154 68600* 135 143 149 65000* 134 140 146

Determine Max Allowable DerateOAT 25°C

TOW = 65,000 kgOAT 25°C

TOW = 65,000 kg

87


Derate plus Assumed TemperatureTh

rust

OAT

Max Rated

Derate 1

Derate 2

Max Thrust

ActualTemp

Thrust Required

AssumedTemp

88


Assumed Temp from Derate777-200ER TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE KPAE RWY 16R LENGTH 9000 FTGE90-90B STANDARD CONFIGURATION PAINE FIELD ELEV 607 FTFLAPS 15 NO WIND, STANDARD QNH RWY COND DRY

TEMP MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE TAKEOFF WEIGHT (KG) / TAKEOFF SPEEDS (V1-VR-V2)(C) MAX RATED 10% DERATE 20% DERATE

50 212800* 134 136 142 196900* 130 132 136 180000* 125 126 13048 217300* 135 138 143 201200* 131 133 138 184100* 126 128 13246 221900* 136 139 145 205600* 132 134 139 188100* 128 129 13344 226400* 137 140 146 210200* 134 136 141 192200* 129 130 13542 231000* 138 142 148 214500* 135 137 142 196100* 130 131 13640 235400* 139 143 149 218400* 136 138 144 199800* 131 133 13738 239800* 140 144 151 222300* 136 139 145 203400* 132 134 13936 242900* 140 145 152 225000* 137 140 146 205800* 133 134 13934 246100* 141 146 153 227700* 138 141 147 208400* 133 135 14032 249300* 141 147 154 230300* 138 142 148 211100* 134 136 14130 252400* 142 148 155 233100* 139 142 149 213700* 135 137 14225 255100* 143 148 156 235400* 139 143 149 215900* 135 138 14320 256200* 143 149 156 236400* 140 143 150 216700* 136 138 14315 257300* 143 149 156 237300* 140 144 150 217400* 136 138 14310 258500* 144 149 157 238300* 140 144 150 218200* 136 138 143

777-200ER TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE KPAE RWY 16R LENGTH 9000 FTGE90-90B STANDARD CONFIGURATION PAINE FIELD ELEV 607 FTFLAPS 15 NO WIND, STANDARD QNH RWY COND DRY

TEMP MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE TAKEOFF WEIGHT (KG) / TAKEOFF SPEEDS (V1-VR-V2)(C) MAX RATED 10% DERATE 20% DERATE

50 212800* 134 136 142 196900* 130 132 136 180000* 125 126 13048 217300* 135 138 143 201200* 131 133 138 184100* 126 128 13246 221900* 136 139 145 205600* 132 134 139 188100* 128 129 13344 226400* 137 140 146 210200* 134 136 141 192200* 129 130 13542 231000* 138 142 148 214500* 135 137 142 196100* 130 131 13640 235400* 139 143 149 218400* 136 138 144 199800* 131 133 13738 239800* 140 144 151 222300* 136 139 145 203400* 132 134 13936 242900* 140 145 152 225000* 137 140 146 205800* 133 134 13934 246100* 141 146 153 227700* 138 141 147 208400* 133 135 14032 249300* 141 147 154 230300* 138 142 148 211100* 134 136 14130 252400* 142 148 155 233100* 139 142 149 213700* 135 137 14225 255100* 143 148 156 235400* 139 143 149 215900* 135 138 14320 256200* 143 149 156 236400* 140 143 150 216700* 136 138 14315 257300* 143 149 156 237300* 140 144 150 217400* 136 138 14310 258500* 144 149 157 238300* 140 144 150 218200* 136 138 143

OAT 15°CTOW = 215,000 kg

OAT 15°CTOW = 215,000 kg

89


Derate can Increase Max TOW !

Field Length Limit WeightField Length Limit Weight

Runway Length

Runway Length

Max

Rat

ed

Max

Rat

ed

Dera

teDe

rate

VMCG

90


737-800 TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE KRNT RWY 33 LENGTH 5377 FTCFM56-7B26 ANTI-SKID INOPERATIVE RENTON FIELD ELEV 30 FTFLAPS 25 NO WIND, STANDARD QNH RWY COND DRY


50 50200F 093 114 124 47500F 093 112 120 45800F 093 110 11848 50800F 093 115 125 48100F 093 113 121 46400F 093 111 11946 48600V 094 111 123 48800F 093 113 122 47100F 093 112 11944 46100V 095 108 120 49400F 094 114 123 47700F 094 112 12042 43600V 096 104 118 50100F 094 114 124 48300F 094 113 12140 TAKEOFF PROHIBITED 50700F 094 115 124 49000F 094 114 12238 TAKEOFF PROHIBITED 51400F 095 116 125 49700F 095 114 12336 TAKEOFF PROHIBITED 52000F 095 116 126 50300F 095 115 12434 TAKEOFF PROHIBITED 52600F 095 117 127 51000F 095 115 12532 TAKEOFF PROHIBITED 53300F 095 117 128 51600F 096 116 12530 TAKEOFF PROHIBITED 54000V 096 118 129 52300F 096 117 12625 TAKEOFF PROHIBITED 54500F 096 119 129 52800F 097 117 12720 TAKEOFF PROHIBITED 55000F 097 119 130 53300F 097 118 12715 42600V 101 101 118 55500F 098 120 130 53800F 098 119 12810 49100V 101 110 125 56100F 099 121 131 54300F 099 119 128

737-800 TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE KRNT RWY 33 LENGTH 5377 FTCFM56-7B26 ANTI-SKID INOPERATIVE RENTON FIELD ELEV 30 FTFLAPS 25 NO WIND, STANDARD QNH RWY COND DRY


50 50200F 093 114 124 47500F 093 112 120 45800F 093 110 11848 50800F 093 115 125 48100F 093 113 121 46400F 093 111 11946 48600V 094 111 123 48800F 093 113 122 47100F 093 112 11944 46100V 095 108 120 49400F 094 114 123 47700F 094 112 12042 43600V 096 104 118 50100F 094 114 124 48300F 094 113 12140 TAKEOFF PROHIBITED 50700F 094 115 124 49000F 094 114 12238 TAKEOFF PROHIBITED 51400F 095 116 125 49700F 095 114 12336 TAKEOFF PROHIBITED 52000F 095 116 126 50300F 095 115 12434 TAKEOFF PROHIBITED 52600F 095 117 127 51000F 095 115 12532 TAKEOFF PROHIBITED 53300F 095 117 128 51600F 096 116 12530 TAKEOFF PROHIBITED 54000V 096 118 129 52300F 096 117 12625 TAKEOFF PROHIBITED 54500F 096 119 129 52800F 097 117 12720 TAKEOFF PROHIBITED 55000F 097 119 130 53300F 097 118 12715 42600V 101 101 118 55500F 098 120 130 53800F 098 119 12810 49100V 101 110 125 56100F 099 121 131 54300F 099 119 128

Derate helps when VMCG – Limited

OAT 30°C, TOW = 50,000 kgOAT 30°C, TOW = 50,000 kg

91


Operational Considerations

92


“Firewall” in an Emergency !

93


“Firewall” in an Emergency ?

94


“Throttle Push” from T/O to ClimbTh

rust

OAT

TO

TO 1

TO 2

Takeoff ThrustSelected

CLBCLB 1CLB 2

Actual Temperature Assumed Temperature

Thrust Increase

Climb ThrustArmed

Except on 757 / 767

95


Fuel burn increase when using climb derate may lessen MMC savingsFuel burn increase when using climb derate may lessen MMC savings

Savings / Costs

Savings / Costs

Climb Thrust ReductionClimb Thrust Reduction

MMC savings fromusing climb derate

Increased fueland crew costs

Net Savings

96


-1.0%

-0.9%

-0.8%

-0.7%

-0.6%

-0.5%

-0.4%

-0.3%

-0.2%

-0.1%

0.0%

-25% -20% -15% -10% -5% 0%

Average Takeoff Thrust Used - % from Maximum

Cha

nge

in T

SFC

Det

erio

ratio

n @

100

0 C

ycle

s

Estimated Reduced ThrustImpact at 1000 Cycles

Reduced Takeoff Thrust Improves Performance Retention15% Average Thrust Reduction Can Improve TSFC at 1000 Cycles by over 0.4% !

Example

97


Noise Restriction and Engine Life

4 Reduced takeoff thrust may increasethe airplane-to-ground noise level as a result of the lower flight path

4 Reduced takeoff thrust should not be considered as a means to continue the use of a deteriorated engine, neither should re-rate or engine swap.

98


Examples of Operational Practice

99


Takeoff Speeds in QRH and FMC

4 Standard Takeoff Speeds:• Balance field length speeds, except when V1

must be adjusted to comply with V1MCG or VR

4 Standard speeds DO NOT include:• V1 adjustment for clearway and/or stopway• V1 adjustment for slippery or contaminated

runway, or for inoperative equipment (MEL)• Improved Climb

100


Sources for Takeoff Speeds

T A K E O F F R E F 1 / 2 F L A P S

°2 6 K N 1

98 . 8 / 98 .8%C G T R I M

22.5% 5 . 2 5

R U N W A Y

< P E R F I N I T

Q R H V 1

V R

V 2

G W / T O W

S E L E C TQRH OFF>

— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —

— — — —

— — — —

— — — —

Standard Takeoff Speeds Only

Quick

Reference

Handbook

Standard takeoff speeds, plus adjustment for clearwayand stopway, slippery and contaminated runway, andinoperative systems. No Improved Climb T/O speeds.

101


Operational Practices

4 “Paper-based” system requires:• Takeoff Analysis (MTOW table)• Takeoff speed charts (QRH)

4 Computerized systems:• Boeing Laptop Tool (BLT)• Electronic Flight Bag (EFB)

4 Practical exercise and BLT demo

102


Summary

4 Using reduced thrust lowers the jet engine’s internal operating pressure and temperature, which results in:

• Reduced stress and wear on the engine• Reduced cost on parts and maintenance• Increased engine life• Increased reliability, thus improving operating

safety and efficiency.

103


Summary (continued)

4 There are two methods for reduced takeoff thrust:• Assumed Temperature (FLEX)• Derate• The Assumed Temperature method may be

used in addition to derate on most models

4 Regulatory Requirements:• FAA AC 25-13 and JAR AMJ 25-13• AFM (Appendices or AFM-DPI)

104


Summary (continued)

4 The Assumed Temperature Method:

• Maximum of 25% thrust reduction from the max rated thrust, or from an approved derate.

• Requires only takeoff performance data for the max rated thrust, or an approved derate.

• A range of temperatures allows flexible thrust selection (FLEX)

• May be used with Improved Climb performance• Prohibited on slippery or contaminated runways• Prohibited for dispatch with some systems inop

105


Summary (continued)

4 The Derate Method:

• Up to two takeoff derates and up to two climb derates are available for most models

• May improve takeoff performance capability in VMCG limited situations

• Permitted on slippery or contaminated runways• Permitted for dispatch with some systems inop• Separate takeoff performance data required for

each takeoff thrust rating• Higher trip fuel burn


End of PresentationEnd of Presentation

Reduced Thrust - SmartCockpit...4 Reduced ThrustReduced Thrust Internal Temperature and Pressure 7...

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