REDTACTON Full Paper

8/13/2019 REDTACTON Full Paper

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RED TACTON

HUMAN AREA NETWORK USING HUMAN BODY AS A

SIGNAL PATH REDTACTON

ABSTRACT:

Does the idea of using your body as a data transmission appeal to u? Then this paper

will surely grab your attention. Tehnology is ma!ing many things easier" # an say

that our onept is standing e$ample for that. %o far we ha&e seen 'AN (AN)*AN)

#NTERNET + many more here is new onept of ,RED TACTON ,whih ma!es the

human body as a ommuniation networ! by name .... -AN -uman Area Networ!/.

0ousing on the naturalness )ine&itability and sense of seurity on&eyed by touhing

whih we all Redtaton 1Red*armth )TTouh )AtonAtion3whih ould let

people transfer data to eah others handhelds by means of handsha!e or a slap on the

ba!. 4sing a transmitter embedded in say) a 5DA5ersonal Digital Assistane/)

Redtaton sends a 6 &olts pulse along the surfae of body. The human body shunts

most of eletriity to ground resulting in wea! eletri field that an be modulated to

arry signals .As the reei&er is loated either on another part of the body )the

omponents of a hand free handset or in an a7uaintane 5DA as it senses modulation

in the eletri field the reei&er deodes them to reo&er the data) -uman Area

Networ! is an important o&er urrent wireless tehnologies suh as 8luetooth beause

users an narrowly limit signal reipients rather than broadasting to all de&ies

within gi&en range. 4sing Redtaton enable de&ies musi from our digital audio

player in your po!et would pass through your lothing and shoot o&er your body to

headphones in your years. #nstead of fiddling around with the able to onnet your

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digital amera to your omputer you ould transfer pitures


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INTRODUCTION

HUMAN AREA NETWORK TECHNOLOGY:

-uman area networ! tehnology for ommuniation between mobile terminals

and between terminals that are embedded in the en&ironment has beome

important.when ables are used for ommuniation between terminals) the routing of

the ables is learly inon&enient .*hen &ery wea! radio signals are used for the

ommuniation) data speeds are redued by pa!et ollision and other suh problems

in rowded plaes suh as e$hibition sites and seurity ris! from unwanted signal

intereption is another problem.Tehnology for sol&ing suh problems inludes the

use of the person=s body as a signal path for ommuniation. A transmission path is

formed automatially when a person omes into ontat with a de&ie and

ommuniation between mobile terminals begins. -ere) the human body ats as a

transmission medium

supporting #EEE >92. halfduple$ ommuniation at ;9(bit@s.

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4bi7uitous ser&ies that are genuinely userfriendly to e&eryone will re7uire

tehnologies that enable Communiation between people and ob


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WHAT IS REDTACTON?

RED *AR(T-

T TO4C-

ACTON ACT#ON

RedTaton is a new -uman Area Networ!ing tehnology that uses the surfae

of the human body as a safe) high speed networ! transmission path.

RedTaton uses the minute eletri fieldemitted on the surfae of the human

body. Tehnially) it is ompletely distint from wireless and infrared.

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RED TACTON

A transmission path is formed at the moment a part of the human body omes

in ontat with a RedTaton transei&er. 5hysially separating ends the ontat

and thus ends ommuniation.

4sing RedTaton) ommuniation starts when terminals arried by the user or

embedded in de&ies are lin!ed in &arious ombinations aording to the userBs

natural) physial mo&ements.

Communiation is possible using any body surfaes) suh as the hands)

fingers) arms) feet) fae) legs or torso. RedTaton wor!s through shoes and

lothing as well.

HOW REDTACTON WORKS?

RedTaton an ahie&e duple$ ommuniation o&er the human body at a ma$imum

speed of ;9 (bps.

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RED TACTON

The RedTaton transmitter indues a wea! eletri field on the surfae of the body.

The eletri field sensor transistor or photoni eletri field sensor/ detets eletri

field that reahes the RedTaton reei&er. %ignals are proessed in the reei&er iruit

and the data is downloaded.

Today people an ommuniate anytime) anywhere) and with anyone o&er a ellul ar

phone networ!.

(oreo&er) the #nternet lets people download immense 7uantities of data from

remotely loated ser&ers to their home omputers. Essentially) these two tehnologies

enable ommuniations between terminals loated at a distane from eah other.

(eanwhile) all

!inds of eletroni de&ies inluding personal digital assistants 5DAs/) po!et &ideo

games) and digital ameras are beoming smaller) so people an arry around or e&en

wear &arious personal information and ommuniation applianes during their

e&eryday ati&ities. -owe&er) userfriendly ubi7uitous ser&ies in&ol&e more than


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RED TACTON

networ!ing between remotely loated terminals. Communiation between eletroni

de&ies on the human body wearable omputers / and ones embedded in our

e&eryday en&ironments suh as illustrated in Fig. 1 is also ritial) so this has dri&en

e$tensi&e researh and de&elopment on human area networ!s. *ired onnetions

between eletroni de&ies in human area networ!s are umbersome and an easily

beome entangled. %hortrange wireless ommuniation systems suh as 8luetooth

and wirel ess loal area networ!s #EEE >92.;;b) et./ ha&e some problems.

Throughput is redued by pa!et ollisions in rowded spaes suh as meeting rooms

and auditoriums filled with people and ommuniation is not seure beause signals

an be interepted. The priniple drawba! of infrared ommuniations #rDA/ is the

tight diretionality of beams between terminals needed for the system to be effeti&e.

The ultimate human area networ! solution to all these onstraints of on&entional

tehnologies is ,intrabody ommuniation) in whih the human body ser&es as the

transmission medium. #n ubi7uitous ser&iesb whih imply ommuniation between

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RED TACTON

eletroni de&ies embedded in the en&ironment in lose pro$imity to people/) if we

ould use the human body itself as a transmission medium) then this would be an ideal

way of implementing human area networ!s beause it would sol&e at a stro!e all the

problems inluding throughput redution) low seurity)and high net wor! setup osts.

The onept of intrabody ommuniation) whihuses the minute eletri field

propagated by the human body to transmit information) was first proposed by #8(.

The ommuniation mehanism has subse7uently been e&aluated and reported by

se&eral researh groups around the world. -owe&er) all those reported tehnologies

had two limitations ;/ the operating range through the body was limited to a few tens

of entimeters and 2/ the top ommuniation speed was only 9!bit@s. These

limitations arise from the use of an eletrial sensor for the reei&er. An eletrial

sensor re7uires two lines a signal line and a ground line/) whereas in intrabody

ommuniation there is

essentially only one signal line) i.e.) the body itself) whih leads to an unbalaned

transmission line) so the signal is not transmitted orretly.

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PRINCIPLE OF REDTACTON

NTT has had e$ellent suess with an eletroopti sensor ombining an eletroopti

rystal with laser light and reently reported an appliation of this sensor for

measuring highfre7ueny eletroni de&ies 123) 13. The eletroopti sensor has

three !ey features ;/ it an measure eletri fields from a de&ie under test D4T/

without ontating it) whih minimiFes measurement disturbane) 2/ ultrawideband

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measurement is possible) and / it supports onepoint ontat measurement that is

independent of the ground) whih is the most signifiant feature in the present onte$t.

NTT utiliFed this third feature to fabriate an intrabody ommuniation reei&er for its

human area networ!ing tehnology) whih is alled RedTatonG. The operating

priniple of RedTaton is illustrated in Fig. 2. The eletri field indued toward the

body by the transmitter=s signal eletrode is represented by Ea. The system re7uires a

ground lose to the transmitter signal eletrode) so eletri field Eb indued from the

body an follow a return path to the transmitter ground.

(oreo&er) sine people are usually standing on a floor or the ground) eletri field E

esapes from the body to ground) mainly from the feet. The eletri field Es that

reahes the reei&er is Es H Ea EbI E/. #t ouples to the eletroopti rystal and

hanges the rystal=s optial properties. This hange is deteted by laser light and

transformed into digital data by a detetor iruit.

THREE FUNCTIONALITIES OF REDTACTON:

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Touh

8roadband and #nterati&e

Any media

TO4C-#NJ Communiation with


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8ROAD8AND AND #NTERACT#KE 8andwidth does not deteriorate e&en with

duple$ operation and simultaneous aess by many usersL

Duple$) interati&e ommuniation is possible at a ma$imum speed of ;9(bpsG.

8eause the transmission path is on the surfae of the body) transmission speed does

not deteriorate in ongested areas where many people are ommuniating at the same

time.

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(a$imum ommuniation speed may be slower than ;9(bps depending on the usage

en&ironment. Ta!ing ad&antage of this speed) de&ie dri&ers an be downloaded

instantly and e$eute programs an be sent.

ANM (ED#A *or!s with many transmission media ommon in human lifeL

#n addition to the human body) &arious ondutors and dieletris an be used as

transmission media. Condutors and dieletris may also be used in ombination.

A ommuniation en&ironment an be reated easily and at lowost by using items

lose at hand) suh as des!s) walls) and metal ob


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COMPARISION WITH OTHER NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES:

The hart below shows the positioning of RedTaton with respet to e$isting

ommuniation tehnologies. The fous on ubi7uitous ser&ie has brought about the

shortening of distanes in ommuniation. RedTatonis positioned as the last ;m

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solution to ultimate loserange ommuniation. *ireless ommuniation reates

onnetions when signals arri&e) allowing for easy onnetions beause onnetors

are unneessary. -owe&er) seen from another aspet) the arri&ing signals an be

interepted) so seurity beomes an issue. *ired ommuniation transmits data

between two onnetion points) so intereption is diffiult and seurity an be

onsidered to be high. -owe&er) onnetors and ables are a nuisane. Ta!ing the

abo&e points in aount) RedTatonis situated diretly between wireless and wired

ommuniation. #n other words) RedTaton allows for easy onnetion without

onnetors) while at the same time allowing transmission of data only between two

ontat points. #t thus has the feature of being diffiult to interept.

REDTACTON RECEIVER

Fig!" # shows a photograph of the RedTaton transei&er onneted to a 5DA and a

blo! diagram of the Red Taton transei&er 163 de&eloped by NTT. The transmitter

onsists of a transmitter iruit that indues eletri fields towards the body and a data

sense iruit) whih distinguishes transmiting and reei&ing modes by deteting both

transmission and reeption data 0ig. . E$perimental setup for intrabody

ommuniation. and outputs ontrol signals orresponding to the two modes to enable

twoway ommuniation. *e implemented a reei&efirst halfduple$ ommuniation

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RED TACTON

sheme that sends only after he!ing to ma!e sure that there is no data to reei&e in

order to a&oid pa!et ollisions between terminals in ompliane with the #EEE >92.

protool. The reei&er onsists of an eletroopti sensor and a detetor iruit that

amplifies the minute inoming signal from the eletroopti sensor and on&erts it to

eletrial signal. *e onduted a series of trials in whih data was sent through

human bodies using RedTaton transei&ers. The e$perimental setup for intrabody

ommuniation assuming ommuniation between twoeletroni de&ies 5DAs/ is

shown in Fig. $

.

0ig

*e prepared two sets of RedTaton transei&ers) eah onneted to a 5DA. The

sub


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were in diret ontat with the person=s s!in) but also when the signals passed through

lothing and shoes.

HUMAN SAFETY:

*e in&estigated the effets of RedTaton tehnology on human health) whih is

ob&iously an important issue. 0irst) as shown in 0ig. ) the transmitting and reei&ing

eletrodes of the RedTaton transei&er are ompletely o&ered with insulating film)

so the body of the person ating as the transmission medium is ompletely insulated.

This ma!es it impossible for urrent to flow into a person=s body from the transei&er

.

*hen ommuniation ours) displaement urrent is generated by the eletrons in

the body beause the body is sub


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8usinesses AR#8/. The le&els produed by RedTaton are well below the safety limit

speified by this standard.

APPLICATIONS

There are fi&e ma


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Onetoone %er&ies

#ntuiti&e Operation

5ersonaliFation

New 8eha&ior 5atterns

%eurity appliations

o Communiations between de&ies on the same person. No ord between

the earphones and de&ie) Elimination of -uman Error/

o Communiation between de&ies on different persons. e$hange

eletroni business ards by sha!ing hands/

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o Communiation from a de&ie on a person to the de&ie embedded in the

en&ironment. Authentiation is performed by reading the #D when we

wal! through the gate) %eurity Appliations/

o Communiation from a de&ie embedded in the en&ironment to a de&ie

on a person) -ere musi or desription by standing in front of an e$hibit/

o Communiation between the de&ies mediated by the ondutor in the

onferene system.

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CONCLUSION

This tehnology definitely stands out with perfetion) when transfer of data is fast)

feasible and more importantly reliable. %o) in few years from now e&erything is going

to fall under this super tehnology. And) finally # onlude)

%FUTURE BELONGS TO RED TACTON&

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

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'(():**+++.0((./.4)*0"+5*0"+567"*6762*676218.'(3

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'(():**+++.0((./.4)*RD*OFIS*-(i"*2667),;"*),;*'*-!'i"5*2667*6#*26*266#2$6@

'(():**+++.)'5/!g./*0"+5#17#.'(3
http://www.redtacton.com/en/index.htmlhttp://www.ntt.co.jp/news/news05e/0502/050218.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RedTactonhttp://www.ntt.co.jp/RD/OFIS/active/2005pdfe/pdf/h_ct02_e.pdfhttp://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2005/03/20/2003247076http://www.physorg.com/news3153.htmlhttp://www.redtacton.com/en/index.htmlhttp://www.ntt.co.jp/news/news05e/0502/050218.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RedTactonhttp://www.ntt.co.jp/RD/OFIS/active/2005pdfe/pdf/h_ct02_e.pdfhttp://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2005/03/20/2003247076http://www.physorg.com/news3153.html

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