Redes de Comunicação Sem Fio Sub-GHz e 2.4GHz
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Transcript of Redes de Comunicação Sem Fio Sub-GHz e 2.4GHz
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 1
Redes de Comunicação Sem Fio Sub-GHz e 2.4GHz
Palestrante: André RasmínioEmail: [email protected]
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 2
ObjetivoApós esta aula você estará apto:
Entender o padrão IEEE 802.15.4 Conhecer as soluções de comunicação sem fio da
Microchip Conhecer o protocolo MiWi
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 3
ZigBee®
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 4
ZigBee®
O que é ZigBee? Padrão de Wireless Networking Protocol
Definido pelas companhias que fazem parte da ZigBee Alliance
Aplicações Wireless mesh networks Dispositivos de baixo consumo Baixa taxa de dados – alta confiabilidade
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 5
ZigBee®
ZigBee é o nome de um protocolo de comunicação wireless desenvolvido pela ZigBee Alliance baseado no padrão IEEE 802.15.4.
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 6
ZigBee®
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 7
ZigBee®
ZigBee Network Devices
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 8
Baixo consumoSegurança AES 128bits ConfiabilidadeBaixo custoRedes P2P, Star, Cluster-Tree, MeshInteroperabilidadeAlta Imunidade a Interferência
Porque utilizar ZigBee?
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 9
Segurança
- Provê a confidencialidade, a integridade e a autenticidade da informação
- AES - Advanced Encryption Standard- Criptografia de 128 bits
ZigBee®
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 10
ZigBee®
AES
Esta tecnologia possui alta imunidade a interferência de outros sistemas. A segurança da informação provê a confidencialidade, a integridade e a autenticidade da informação e é baseado no AES - Advanced Encryption StandardCriptografia de 128 bits.
O AES é um algoritmo de criptografia que pode ser utilizado para proteger dados
eletrônicos. O algoritmo do AES é um bloco simétrico que criptografa ou decriptografa a informação. A criptografia torna a informação embaralhada, a decriptogravação torna a informação na forma original. O padrão AES foi derivado do Data Encryption Standard (DES). O AES foi desenvolvido pelo NIST (Instituto Nacional de Padrões e Tecnologia dos EUA) em 26 de Novembro de 2001, depois de 5 anos de um processo de padronização. Tornou-se um padrão efetivo em 26 de Maio de 2002. Em 2006, o AES já é um dos algoritmos mais populares usados para criptografia de chave simétrica (http://csrc.nist.gov).
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 11
ZigBee®
ZigBee Protocol Layers Application - Partially ZigBee & Vendor Defined
Network - ZigBee Defined Medium Access Control Layer - IEEE 802.15.4™ Defined
Physical Layer - IEEE 802.15.4 Defined
Security Service - ZigBee Defined
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 12
ZigBee®
Functional Partition
MRF24J40Transceiver
Host PIC® MCUProcessor
Medium Access Layer (MAC)
2.4 GHzPhysical Layer (PHY)
Network Layer (NWK)
Customer Applications
Secu
rity
(S
EC
)Smart Energy
Profile
Microchip ZigBee Platform
Application Support (APS)
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 13
ZigBee®
10,000
1,000
100
10
11 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000
Dis
tânc
ia (
met
ros)
Cellular TechnologiesGSM, GPRS
Cellular TechnologiesGSM, GPRS
WLAN TechnologiesIEEE802.11
WLAN TechnologiesIEEE802.11ZigBee
IEEE 802.15.4™
BluetoothBluetooth
Comaparação entre Distância x Velocidade)
Data Rate (kbps)
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 14
IEEE Std 802.15.4™-2006(Revision of IEEE Std 802.15.4-2003)
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 15
Define um protocolo e a compatibilidade de interconexão para
dispositivos de comunicação de baixa taxa de dados, baixa potência,
baixa complexidade e pequeno alcance utilizados em WPAN ( wireless
personal area network).
É a base das especificações ZigBee, WirelessHART, MiWi e outras
especificações.
IEEE Std 802.15.4™-2006(Revision of IEEE Std 802.15.4-2003)
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 16
IEEE Std 802.15.4™-2006(Revision of IEEE Std 802.15.4-2003)
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 17
IEEE 802.15.4™ PHY
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 18
IEEE 802.15.4™ PHY
2.4 GHz PHY Channel Assignment
5 MHz3 MHz
2483.5
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
2400 24802410 2420 2430 2440 2450 2460 2470
Frequency (MHz)
Channel:
Channel SpacingBandwidth
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 19
2483.5
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
2400 24802410 2420 2430 2440 2450 2460 2470
Frequency (MHz)
Channel:
IEEE 802.15.4™ vs 802.11
2.4 GHz PHY Channel AssignmentIEEE 802.15.4
vs.IEEE 802.11
2412Channel 1
2437Channel 6
2462Channel 11
22 MHz
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 20
IEEE 802.11
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 21
IEEE 802.15.4™ vs 802.11 – como reduzir as interferências
• Data RateUma forma de minimizar os riscos de interferências é reduzir a ocupação do
canal.
• Scanning e Energy ScanO padrão IEEE802.15.4 prevê a amostragem do canal, medindo a energia do
mesmo. Portanto é recomendado que se amostre todos os canais e opere no que tiver o menor patamar de energia.
• CSMAé um artifício conhecido como “listen before talk”, o padrão prevê esta
funcionalidade e deve ser utilizado para evitar colisões e interferências.
• ACK e Retransmissõeso padrão IEEE 802.15.4 prevê um ACK do receptor para cada frame recebido.
• Frequency AgilityUma outra forma de minimizar as interferências é mudar de canal durante a
operação da rede.
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 22
Para estarem de acordo com a RESOLUÇÃO ANATEL N§ 506/2008 (Radiação Restrita) os equipamentos que utilizam Tecnologia de Espalhamento Espectral devem operar em 902-907,5 MHz, 915-928 MHz, 2400-2483,5MHz
http://sistemas.anatel.gov.br/sgch/Certificado/HomologacaoPNCC.asp?consulta=1&?NumRFGCT=61311
IEEE 802.15.4™ PHY
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 23
Certificado ANATEL - Fractum
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 24
IEEE Std 802.15.4™-2006(Revision of IEEE Std 802.15.4-2003)Camada MAC
É a camada responsável por realizar o controle de acesso ao meio (MAC medium access control):
— Associação e a desassociação de dispositivos— Suporta um dispositivo com segurança AES 128— Implementa o CSMA-CA para o acesso ao canal— Implementa o socket entre dois dispositivos
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 25
Soluções Microchip
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 26
MiWi™ Transceiver Products
ISM Band - Sub-GHz MRF49XA Transceiver IC
433/868/915 MHz MRF89XA Transceiver IC
868/915 MHz MRF89XAM8A Transceiver Module (868 MHz) MRF89XAM9A Transceiver Module (915 MHz)
ISM Band - 2.4GHz (IEEE 802.15.4™) MRF24J40 Transceiver IC MRF24J40MA Transceiver Module (+0 dBm) MRF24J40MB Transceiver Module (+20 dBm) MRF24J40MC Transceiver Module (+20 dBm + ext. ant)
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 27
MiWi™ Transceiver Products
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 28
MiWi™ Transceiver Products
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 29
Ubee - Conceito
UBee
USART Microcontroller ou PC
Interrupt
MiWi™
Aplicação
• Não é necessário nenhum conhecimento de RF• Não é necessário nenhum conhecimento da pilha Zigbee ou
MiWi• Necessário apenas uma interface USART• Todos os comandos da rede disponíveis em comandos AT• Possibilidade de embarcar a sua solução no próprio micro-
controlador do UBeehttp://fractumrf.com/wireless2.html
ZigBee™
Proprietary
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 30
MRF49XA Transceiver
Protocol
Physical Driver
User Application
Microcontroller
SPIInterface
16bit ReceiveBuffer
ControlRegisters
16bit TransmitBuffers
RXMAC
TXMAC
RXPHY
TXPHY
PHY TX/RXControl
MAC Architecture PHY Architecture
434MHz, 868MHz and 915MHz Proprietary RF Transceiver
Supports MiWi™ Protocols via MiApp and MiMAC SPI interface 7dBm Output Power 11-13mA(RX) / 21-23mA(TX) / 300nA(Sleep) Up to 115.2kbps
MRF49XA
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 31
MRF89XA Transceiver
Protocol
Physical Driver
User Application
Microcontroller
SPIInterface
64 Byte RXBuffer
ControlRegisters
64 Byte TXBuffer
RXMAC
TXMAC
RXPHY
TXPHY
PHY TX/RXControl
MAC Architecture PHY Architecture
868MHz, 915MHz and 955MHz Proprietary RF Transceiver
Supports MiWi™ Protocols via MiApp and MiMAC SPI interface 10dBm Output Power 3mA(RX) / 25mA(TX) / 100nA(Sleep) Up to 200kbps
MRF89XA
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 32
MRF24J40 Transceiver
Protocol
Physical Driver
User Application
Microcontroller
SPIInterface
ReceiveBuffer
ControlRegisters
TransmitBuffers
RXMAC
TXMAC
Security
RXPHY
TXPHY
PHY TX/RXControl
MAC Architecture PHY Architecture
2.4 GHz IEEE 802.15.4™ compliant Supports MiWi™ Protocols via MiMAC/MiApp Supports ZigBee® Protocols 4-wire SPI interface In-line/stand-alone encryption Automatic MAC retransmit 18 mA(RX)/22 mA(TX)/2 µA(Sleep) 250kbps (802.15.4 mode), 625kbps (Turbo mode)
MRF24J40
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 33
Module Concept
TCP/IP ZigBee® SEP MiWi™
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 34
Module
WirelessModule
SPI PIC®
Microcontroller
Interrupt
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 35
MRF89XAMXA Module
FCC/IC/ETSI Certified Não é necessário conhecimento em RF MRF89XAM8A – 868MHz MRF89XAM9A – 915MHz
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 36
MRF24J40MA/MB/MC Modules
2.4 GHz IEEE 802.15.4™ Compatible
FCC/IC/ETSI Certified Module features:
Antena PCB integrada Surface-mountable PCB Tx Power Rx Sensitivity
MA = +0 dBm MA = -95 dBm MB = +20 dBm MB = -102 dBm
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 37
MRF49XA Development Boards
MRF49XA PICtail™/PICtail Plus Daughter Boards Part # AC164137-
1 (433 MHz), Part # AC164137-
2 (868/915 MHz), Two Daughter
Boards per package
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 38
MRF89XADevelopment Boards
MRF89XA PICtail™/PICtail Plus Daughter Boards Part # AC164138-
1 (868 MHz) Part # AC164138-
2 (915 MHz) Two Daughter
Boards per package
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 39
MRF24J40 Development Boards
MRF24J40MB Part # AC164134-2
MRF24J40MA Part # AC164134-1
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 40
Certified RF Design Partners
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 41
ZigBee Alliance
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 42
ZigBee Alliance
“ O ZigBee Alliance é uma associação de companhias que trabalham em conjunto para garantir a confiabilidade, custo baixo, baixo consumo, interoperabilidade em rede wireless, monitorando e controlando os produtos baseados em um padrão global aberto. ”
(www.zigbee.org)
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 43
Promoters $50.000USD/yearTem direito à uma cadeira na mesa de diretores da ZigBee AllianceRevisa especificações propostasDireito à voto
Participants $9.000USD/year Contribuir com as especificações técnicas
Adopters $3500USD/yearUsar o logoAcesso as especificações
ZigBee Alliance
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 44
Quando é necessário participar da ZigBee Alliance
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 45
ZigBee®
Perguntas?
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 46
Licensing According to ZigBee® Alliance:
Only members may use ZigBee specifications "in the development of a product for sale"
Microchip is a ZigBee Participant Member: We have license rights to make and distribute Microchip’s
ZigBee stack software According to ZigBee and Microchip:
If you intend to use Microchip’s stack software in the development of a product for sale, then you must be a ZigBee member
You may not modify or create derivatives of Microchip’s stack software
It is your responsibility: To read Microchip’s license agreement and familiarize
yourself with ZigBee’s membership For more information, go to www.zigbee.org
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 47
References
IEEE 802.15.4™ -2003 http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.15.4
-2003.pdf IEEE OUI
https://standards.ieee.org/regauth/oui/forms/OUI-form.shtml
ZigBee® Protocol www.zigbee.org
AN1255 ZigBee Protocol application note, www.microchip.com/zigbee
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 48
Obrigado!Fim
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 49
Trademarks
The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, dsPIC, KeeLoq, KeeLoq logo, MPLAB, PIC, PICmicro, PICSTART, PIC32 logo, rfPIC and UNI/O are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries.FilterLab, Hampshire, HI-TECH C, Linear Active Thermistor, MXDEV, MXLAB, SEEVAL and The Embedded Control Solutions Company are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A.Analog-for-the-Digital Age, Application Maestro, CodeGuard, dsPICDEM, dsPICDEM.net, dsPICworks, dsSPEAK, ECAN, ECONOMONITOR, FanSense, HI-TIDE, In‑Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP, Mindi, MiWi, MPASM, MPLAB Certified logo, MPLIB, MPLINK, mTouch, Octopus, Omniscient Code Generation, PICC, PICC-18, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICkit, PICtail, REAL ICE, rfLAB, Select Mode, Total Endurance, TSHARC, UniWinDriver, WiperLock and ZENA are trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries.SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A.All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies.© 2010, Microchip Technology Incorporated, All Rights Reserved.
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 50
Obrigado
© 2011 Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Slide 51
Trademarks The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, dsPIC, KeeLoq, KeeLoq
logo, MPLAB, PIC, PICmicro, PICSTART, PIC32 logo, rfPIC and UNI/O are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries.
FilterLab, Hampshire, HI-TECH C, Linear Active Thermistor, MXDEV, MXLAB, SEEVAL and The Embedded Control Solutions Company are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A.
Analog-for-the-Digital Age, Application Maestro, chipKIT, chipKIT logo, CodeGuard, dsPICDEM, dsPICDEM.net, dsPICworks, dsSPEAK, ECAN, ECONOMONITOR, FanSense, HI-TIDE, In‑Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP, Mindi, MiWi, MPASM, MPLAB Certified logo, MPLIB, MPLINK, mTouch, Omniscient Code Generation, PICC, PICC-18, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICkit, PICtail, REAL ICE, rfLAB, Select Mode, Total Endurance, TSHARC, UniWinDriver, WiperLock and ZENA are trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries.
SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A.
All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies.
© 2011, Microchip Technology Incorporated, All Rights Reserved.