REDD Architecture for Green Cathedrals€¦ · Green Cathedrals IETA-IEA-EPRI Greenhouse Gas...
Transcript of REDD Architecture for Green Cathedrals€¦ · Green Cathedrals IETA-IEA-EPRI Greenhouse Gas...
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ENVIRONMENTAL DEFENSE FUND
Brazil nut (Bertholettia excelsa),
Anfrizio River, Para
REDD Architecture
for
Green Cathedrals
IETA-IEA-EPRI Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trading Workshop
Steve Schwartzman
Director, Tropical Forest Policy
Environmental Defense Fund
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ENVIRONMENTAL DEFENSE FUND
UNFCCC REDD
Convergence
REDD +
Phased
National Reference Levels +
Public & Private Finance
Indigenous Rights
COP verification guidelines/
expert review/technical panel
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ENVIRONMENTAL DEFENSE FUND
The American Clean Energy
Security Act – ACES
• 17% below 2005 by 2020
• 83% below 2005 by 2050
• 2 billion t/CO2/yr offsets
• At the limit of political viability
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ENVIRONMENTAL DEFENSE FUND
ACES -- REDD
• International Allowance trading
• 1 billion t/CO2/yr international offsets
• 5% allowance set-aside
• National baselines, projects limited
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ENVIRONMENTAL DEFENSE FUND
The Senate
• 60 votes (67 to ratify)
• US Climate Action Partnership (USCAP
– 25 companies, 4 NGOs)
• Obama
• 71% of voters for, 28% against ACES
• TFCC – 20 companies and NGOs
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ENVIRONMENTAL DEFENSE FUND
Figure 2. US domestic abatement and international purchases (2013-2050)Note: Figure illustrates “20% of Reductions Extrapolated” scenario without the constraint of Brazil’s national target.
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ENVIRONMENTAL DEFENSE FUND
Brazil National Plan to Combat and Prevent Deforestation
• Four complementary national satellite monitoring systems (annual
deforestation, monthly deforestation, degradation, fires); data on the internet
• 622,400 km2 new protected areas (= France) 2003 – 2008
• law enforcement operations (police,
army, environmental agency)
• 700 illegal loggers jailed
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Xingu River Headwaters, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Deforestation around Xingu
Indigenous Park (purple outline), 1994 and 2005
Amazon Indian lands and parks stop deforestation
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Protected areas
stop
deforestation in
the Amazon
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Annual Amazon Deforestation 1988 – 2008 (National Space Research Institute – INPE)
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Governor’s Climate and
Forests Task Force –
California, Wisconsin,
Illinois, Amapa, Para,
Amazonas, Mato Grosso,
Papua, Aceh
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Projects in the context of national, state
baselines
• Risk Insurance
• Options
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When?
One, two, many markets?
Regulations
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photo: Adrian Cowell
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The future of the large remaining tropical forests of the earth under BAU.
Deforestation for soy plantation, Mato Grosso state,
Brazil.