Syed Ubaid AliBS-Telecom Reg #9222

Patch AntennaWhat is patch antenna ? How the patch antenna works? What are the feeding Techniques for patch antenna? What are the advantage and disadvantage of patch antenna?

What is Patch Antenna ?A patch antenna consists of a radiating patch (metal)on one side of a dielectric substrate and a ground plane on the other side

Top view

side view

L

=

The length of the patch

W

=

The width of the patch

h

=

The height of the dielectric substrate

( r) = The dielectric constant of the substrate

How a patch antenna work patch antenna excited in its When thefundamental TM10 mode Electromagnetic energy in and/or out of the patch. By which fringing field is produce along the two edges of the patch These fringing fields cause the patch antenna to radiate

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Shape of patch antennathe patch is generally square, rectangular, circular, triangular, elliptical or some other common shape as shown below

Feed TechniquesThese methods can be classified into two categories

Contacting non-contacting In Contacting RF power is fed directly to the radiating patch In non-contacting RF power is not directly fed to the radiating patch

Feed TechniquesThe four most popular feed techniques are Microstrip feed line Coaxial feed Aperture coupling Proximity coupling non contacting contacting

Advantages and disadvantages AdvantagesLight weight low volume Low fabrication cost Good efficiency Disadvantages Narrow bandwidth Non omnidirectional patterns

Design a patch antennaFR 4 substrate Er = 4.4 Height of substrate h = 1.58 mm Resonate frequency fr = 2.45 GHz Length of the patch = ? Width of the patch = ?

Finding Length & Width of Patch

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Open Ansoft designer ver. 2

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Click on project and select

insert EM planer design

Select none

Click to edit Master text stylesClick Layout Then select layers >stackup Click Add layer Name>ground Type>metalized signal Click >ok Second level

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Click to edit Master text stylesClick Addlayer Name >signal Type>signal Click >ok Change material to FR 4 substrate With thickness Second level

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Now click project>insert circuit design Then select >none Click >schematic>layer> stackup And repeat the step as done in EM planer design Now select circuit>add model data>add substrate

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Select Circuit >TRL>microstrip>single> Then select FR 4 then click OK Zo=82.46 E=90 Frequency=2.45 Click on synthesis Note down the value of P and W this will be the length of the transmission line P=17.2786mm W=1.13847mm

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now add interface port and ground by click on draw Now add a resister throw component tab>lumped>resister on your left side

Make the connection from port to ground throw the transmission line and 136 ohm resister

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Right click on Analysis>click on add solution setup Click next Select F then click Edit Select linear count

2 to 3 Ghz

10 count

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Click on Analysis Right click on NWA1>then select analysis NWA1 Then select result>create report >click ok then Add trace Then click ok

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Now go EM planer design Then DRAW a rectangle double click on rectangle Uncheck the 2 pt description Then click ok Again double click on rectangle Place the value of width and height Which we have find earlier W=37.26mm

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Then DRAW a rectangle double click on rectangle Uncheck the 2 pt description Then click ok Again double click on rectangle Place the value of width and height Which we have we find by synthesis W=1.13847 P=17.2786

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Click edit>select edges then click on one side of transmission line Then add a port throw Excitation>add port Click on analysis >add solution Frequency =2.45Ghz

Click ok Click analysis >setup 1>add sweep frequency Check on generate current

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Right click on analysis>setup 1>sweep1>analyze

After analyzing Right click on Sweep 1 >results>plot templates>S-parameter

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