Reconstitution of Solutions Chapter 12. 2 Parts of Solutions.
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Transcript of Reconstitution of Solutions Chapter 12. 2 Parts of Solutions.
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Reconstitution of Solutions
Chapter 12
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Parts of Solutions
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Reconstitution Drug
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Parenteral Solution from a Solid Solute
Solvent or diluent4.8 mL sterile water
Solid soluteZithromax 500 mg
5 mL reconstituted solutionZithromax 100 mg per mL
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Reconstitution Label for Zithromax
1/10/xx, 0800, reconstituted as 100 mg per mL
Expires 1/17/xx, 0800.
Keep refrigerated. G.D.P.
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Parenteral Solution Reconstitution Procedure
Order: Kefzol 225 mg IM every 6 hours
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Parenteral Reconstitution Procedure
Inject 2 mL air into sterile water
diluent vial
Withdraw 2 mL
sterile water
Add 2 mL sterile water to Kefzol 500 mg powder
Make Kefzol 500 mg in 2.2 mL
reconstituted solution for Kefzol 225
mg/mL
Withdraw 1 mL Kefzol solution for dosage of
225 mg
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Multiple-StrengthReconstitution Drug
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Different IM and IVReconstitution Instructions
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Reconstitution Drug Order
• Order: Solu-Medrol 200 mg IV every 6 hours
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Reconstitution Drug Order • Supply:
– 500 mg vial of powdered Solu-Medrol for IM or IV injection
– Directions on left side of label
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Reconstitution Drug Order • Each 8 mL contains
– “Reconstitute with 8 mL Bacteriostatic Water for Injection with Benzyl Alcohol
– Methylprednisolone sodium succinate equivalent to 500 mg methylprednisolone (62.5 mg per mL)”
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Reconstitution Dosage Calculation
• What do we know?– First, to fill the order, how much and what type
of diluent must you add? – Directions state to add 8 mL of bacteriostatic
water for injection with benzyl alcohol.
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Reconstitution Dosage Calculation
• What do we know?– Second, what is supply dosage of
reconstituted Solu-Medrol? – When adding 8 mL of diluent, the supply
dosage is 62.5 mg per mL
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Reconstitution Dosage Calculation
• What do we know?– Third, what is resulting total volume of this
reconstituted solution? – Total volume is 8 mL – You know this because
• 62.5 mg per mL × 8 mL = 500 mg
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Reconstitution Dosage Calculation
• What do we know?– Finally, how many full doses of Solu-Medrol
are available in this vial? – Vial contains 500 mg and order is for 200 mg – There are two full doses in the vial – Reconstitution label is needed
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Reconstitution Dosage Calculation
• Now you have a vial of 500 mg of Solu-Medrol – Add 8 mL of diluent
• Final yield of the solution is 62.5 mg per mL, your supply dosage.
• Calculate one dose
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Reconstitution Dosage Calculation • Step 1. Convert
– No conversion is necessary– Order: Solu-Medrol 200 mg IV every 6 hours– Supply: 62.5 mg per mL
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Reconstitution Dosage Calculation
• Step 2. Think– You want to give more than 1 mL– You want to give more than three times 1 mL
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Reconstitution Dosage Calculation
• Step 3. Calculate
62.5 mg
1 mL
200 mg
X
62. 5 X
200
X = 3.2 mL
• Given intravenously every 6 hours
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Solution Strength• A fraction expresses strength of a solution
made from a liquid concentrate:– Numerator is number of parts of solute– Denominator is number of parts of solution– Difference between denominator (final
solution) and numerator (parts of solute) is number of parts of solvent
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Solution Strength• Example: strength nutritional formula
– 1 part concentrate– 3 parts of total solution– 3 - 1 = 2 parts solvent (water)
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Calculating Solutions• To prepare solutions:
– Apply ratio-proportion to find amount
– Quantity of desired solution • Amount of liquid solute = Amount of solvent
Ratio for desired solution strength = Amount of solute
Quantity of desired solution
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Solution Calculation• Example:
– A physician orders a patient’s wound irrigated with strength hydrogen peroxide and normal saline solution every 4 hours while awake.
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Solution Calculation• 60 mL per irrigation for 3 irrigations during
your 12 hour shift– Prepare 60 mL × 3 irrigations = 180 mL total
solution
• How much stock hydrogen peroxide and normal saline will you need?
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Solution Calculation
• Step 1. Convert– No conversion is necessary
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Solution Calculation• Step 2. Think
– You want to make strength• 2 parts solute (concentrated hydrogen peroxide) to
3 total parts solution
• Amount of solvent is 3 – 2 = 1 part saline
• For 180 mL of solution, you will need of it as solute (120 mL) and of it as solvent (60 mL)
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Solution Calculation• Step 3. Calculate
2
3
X mL
180 mL(solute)
(solution)
3X 360
3X
3
360
3X 120 mL of solute (hydrogen peroxide)