Recent developments in retardants for...

30
Recent developments in flame retardants for sustainable flame retardants for sustainable fire safety solutions Alex Zhang Technical Service for AP Region Requirements, Challenges and Innovations 1923 May 2013

Transcript of Recent developments in retardants for...

Page 1: Recent developments in retardants for sustainablegreatlakes.com/deployedfiles/ChemturaV8/GreatLakes/Flame Retard… · and Manchester, United Kingdom. Great Lakes Solutions, an Industry

Recent developments in flame retardants for sustainableflame retardants for sustainable fire safety solutions

Alex ZhangTechnical Service for AP Regiong

Requirements, Challenges and Innovations

19‐23  May 2013

Page 2: Recent developments in retardants for sustainablegreatlakes.com/deployedfiles/ChemturaV8/GreatLakes/Flame Retard… · and Manchester, United Kingdom. Great Lakes Solutions, an Industry

Agenda

Great Lakes Solutions Overview

Greener Innovation Strategies

Emerald InnovationTM 3000 – polymeric Flame Retardant

Page 3: Recent developments in retardants for sustainablegreatlakes.com/deployedfiles/ChemturaV8/GreatLakes/Flame Retard… · and Manchester, United Kingdom. Great Lakes Solutions, an Industry

Gl b l i lt h i l li t d th N Y k St kGlobal specialty chemical company listed on the New York Stock Exchange (“CHMT”)

Major markets served are energy & electronics, transportation, and i ltagriculture

Committed to global sustainability and engineering chemical solutions that meet our customers’ evolving needs

More than 4,300 employees worldwide

Manufactures in 31 countries and sells products in over 100 countries

Global headquarters in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Regional headquarters and shared service centers in S l il Sh h i Chi iddl b C iSao Paulo, Brazil; Shanghai, China; Middlebury, Connecticut; and Manchester, United Kingdom

Page 4: Recent developments in retardants for sustainablegreatlakes.com/deployedfiles/ChemturaV8/GreatLakes/Flame Retard… · and Manchester, United Kingdom. Great Lakes Solutions, an Industry

Great Lakes Solutions, an Industry Leader

Electrical & El t i

Insulation & F it

AutomotiveFlame d

SE

S

INDUSTRIES SERVED

Electronics Furniture

FumigationEnergy: Oilfield & Mercury Control

Fine Chemical/ Pharmaceutical

Retardants

Brominated PerformanceB

US

INE

SS

Biocides Automotive TiresFumigation

BiocidesEnergy

Performance Products

KE

Y B

Mercury controlOther

Insulation & 

FurnitureAuto

Fine Chem/Pharma

Mercury control

Greener innovation

Rapid growth in electronicsRO

WTH

V

ER

S

Furniture

Electrical & Electronics

Flame retarded energy efficient thermal insulation

Increased global fire safety standardsKE

Y G

DR

IV

Page 5: Recent developments in retardants for sustainablegreatlakes.com/deployedfiles/ChemturaV8/GreatLakes/Flame Retard… · and Manchester, United Kingdom. Great Lakes Solutions, an Industry

The Sustainability Challenge for Flame Retardants

In today’s society, products are expected to be “green”be  green  

But, what is green? 

Ideally, this includes:

− Total Carbon Footprintp

− Recyclability 

− Green Chemistry & Engineering PrinciplesGreen Chemistry & Engineering Principles

− Chemical Hazard Classification and Risk Assessment

5

Page 6: Recent developments in retardants for sustainablegreatlakes.com/deployedfiles/ChemturaV8/GreatLakes/Flame Retard… · and Manchester, United Kingdom. Great Lakes Solutions, an Industry

Factors Affecting Flame Retardant Selection

Meet Fire Safety Standard

Environment & Human Health

Functional Requirements

End‐of‐Life Aspects

Economic FeasibilityAspects Feasibility

6

Page 7: Recent developments in retardants for sustainablegreatlakes.com/deployedfiles/ChemturaV8/GreatLakes/Flame Retard… · and Manchester, United Kingdom. Great Lakes Solutions, an Industry

Greener Innovation

How Do We Move Towards Environmentally Friendly, Sustainable FR Solutions?Sustainable FR Solutions?

Chemtura is applying a “Greener is Better” philosophyChemtura is applying a Greener is Better philosophy...

Polymeric FR is one of our Greener innovation direction

Page 8: Recent developments in retardants for sustainablegreatlakes.com/deployedfiles/ChemturaV8/GreatLakes/Flame Retard… · and Manchester, United Kingdom. Great Lakes Solutions, an Industry

Toxicological and Regulatory Basis

Exemptions for polymers exist in REACh, TSCA and most other New Substance Notification regulations around the world

Under TSCA (40 CFR 723) details the polymer exemptions and exclusions and states that:

- In order to cause an adverse health or ecological effect, a chemical must first be absorbed by an organism, and

- Substance with a number average molecular weight above 1,000 g/mol are not readily absorbed through the intact digestive tract

This derived from the “Lipinski Rule of 5”1

- Is used in pharmacology to predict the biological activity of chemical compounds based on molecular weight and lipophilicitycompounds based on molecular weight and lipophilicity

- Suggests that a poor permeation of cell membranes occurs at molecular weights over 500

1. Lipinski, C.A.; Lombardo, F; Dominy, B.W. and Feeney, P.J. Adv Drug Del Rev 23: 3‐25, 1997

Page 9: Recent developments in retardants for sustainablegreatlakes.com/deployedfiles/ChemturaV8/GreatLakes/Flame Retard… · and Manchester, United Kingdom. Great Lakes Solutions, an Industry

DRAFT Assessments – “Classical” BFRs

7/15/20139

Page 10: Recent developments in retardants for sustainablegreatlakes.com/deployedfiles/ChemturaV8/GreatLakes/Flame Retard… · and Manchester, United Kingdom. Great Lakes Solutions, an Industry

DRAFT Assessments – Polymeric BFRs

7/15/201310

Page 11: Recent developments in retardants for sustainablegreatlakes.com/deployedfiles/ChemturaV8/GreatLakes/Flame Retard… · and Manchester, United Kingdom. Great Lakes Solutions, an Industry

DRAFT Assessments – Phosphorus and Nitrogen FRs

7/15/201311

Page 12: Recent developments in retardants for sustainablegreatlakes.com/deployedfiles/ChemturaV8/GreatLakes/Flame Retard… · and Manchester, United Kingdom. Great Lakes Solutions, an Industry

DRAFT Assessments – Inorganic FRs

7/15/201312

Page 13: Recent developments in retardants for sustainablegreatlakes.com/deployedfiles/ChemturaV8/GreatLakes/Flame Retard… · and Manchester, United Kingdom. Great Lakes Solutions, an Industry

Great Lakes Solutions’ Polymeric and Reactive Flame Retardant Technologies a e eta da t ec o og es

Polymer Technology ProductsFi t ® CP44 HF

Polyamides PolybromostyreneFiremaster® CP44‐HFFiremaster® PBS64‐HW, PDBS‐80™

Polycarbonate, PBTBrominated Oligomer

Polybromostyrene

BC‐52™, BC‐58™, Firemaster® CP44‐HF

Firemaster® PBS64 HW PDBS 80™Polybromostyrene Firemaster® PBS64‐HW, PDBS‐80™

Unsaturated Polyesters Reactive Intermediate PHT‐4 ™, BA‐59P™

PHT 4 Diol™ PHT 4 Diol™ LVPolyurethane Reactive Intermediate

PHT‐4 Diol™, PHT‐4 Diol™ LV, Firemaster® 520

Polyolefins, HDPE, PPProprietary Polymeric

Emerald Innovation™ 1000Emerald innovation™ 3000St i PS HIPS ABS Emerald innovation  3000Styrenics, PS, HIPS, ABS

Epoxy Reactive IntermediatesBA‐59P™Emerald Innovation™ 2000

13

Page 14: Recent developments in retardants for sustainablegreatlakes.com/deployedfiles/ChemturaV8/GreatLakes/Flame Retard… · and Manchester, United Kingdom. Great Lakes Solutions, an Industry

Introducing Emerald Innovation™Our Next Generation of Flame Retardant ProductsOur Next Generation of Flame Retardant Products

Why Emerald Innovation™?Why Emerald Innovation ?Products are innovative, reliable and also minimize the impact on our environment and human health while maintaining superior performance and quality

Page 15: Recent developments in retardants for sustainablegreatlakes.com/deployedfiles/ChemturaV8/GreatLakes/Flame Retard… · and Manchester, United Kingdom. Great Lakes Solutions, an Industry

S t i bl I ti Hi h P fSustainable, Innovative, High Performance Polymeric Flame Retardant for Polystyrene Foams

V 2.0

Page 16: Recent developments in retardants for sustainablegreatlakes.com/deployedfiles/ChemturaV8/GreatLakes/Flame Retard… · and Manchester, United Kingdom. Great Lakes Solutions, an Industry

Overview of Regulatory Action on HBCD

United Nations Protocols: UNEP, UNECEHBCD listing as POP under UNEP and UNECE 

t d b d 2013 l 2014

Environment CanadaPublished Draft HBCD Screen Assessment in A t 2010expected by end 2013, or early 2014.

Time limited exemptions for use of HBCD in EPS and XPS are expected, up to 5 years. 

Exemptions will only be granted “until

August 2010. 

However, will follow UNEP and UNECE restrictions when implemented.

METI action on HBCD pending results ofExemptions will only be granted  until alternatives  are implemented”.

REACH August 2015 is the Sunset date for HBCD uses 

METI action on HBCD pending results of an avian toxicity study  

Study completed and final report being compiled and translated.g

without an approved authorization.

February 2014 is the deadline for applications        for HBCD authorization.

A h i i d i i b h i i ill

An unfavorable result could lead to a regulatory restriction as early as Q1 2013.

US EPA: Design for the Environment Authorization decisions by authorities will depend on availability of an alternative.

projectEmerald InnovationTM 3000 one of only two alternatives to be assessed, and the only polymeric alternative

REACh timeline will likely govern phase out of HBCD

polymeric alternative. 

Page 17: Recent developments in retardants for sustainablegreatlakes.com/deployedfiles/ChemturaV8/GreatLakes/Flame Retard… · and Manchester, United Kingdom. Great Lakes Solutions, an Industry

The Value of Emerald Innovation™ 3000

The polymeric structure of Emerald Innovation™ 3000 renders it not readily bioavailable*, thus addressing the 

Emerald Innovation™ 3000 is an efficient, sustainable l t f HBCD i i i i l difi ti t

environmental concerns that threaten the sustainability of many current products.

replacement for HBCD  requiring minimal modification to current formulations or production processes.

Applicable fire safety standards covering polystyrene foam insulation can be achieved with Emeraldfoam insulation can be achieved with Emerald Innovation™ 3000.

Synergists commonly used for EPS and XPS production are compatible with Emerald Innovation™ 3000.

* Per criteria described in US Federal Register notice 40 CFR 723

Our strategy of greener innovation provides you with          Our strategy of greener innovation provides you with          proven, sustainable alternatives

V 2.0

Page 18: Recent developments in retardants for sustainablegreatlakes.com/deployedfiles/ChemturaV8/GreatLakes/Flame Retard… · and Manchester, United Kingdom. Great Lakes Solutions, an Industry

Emerald Innovation™ 3000

Property Emerald Innovation™3000

CAS# 1195978-93-8

Appearance white powder

Bromine, % 64

S f i i 0C 120Softening point, 0C 120

5% wt loss, 0C(Thermogravimetric Analysis (@ 10 0C/min under N2)

2620C

Page 19: Recent developments in retardants for sustainablegreatlakes.com/deployedfiles/ChemturaV8/GreatLakes/Flame Retard… · and Manchester, United Kingdom. Great Lakes Solutions, an Industry

Emerald Innovation™ 3000 Flammability Performance Compared to HBCDp

Emerald Innovation™ 3000 demonstrates comparable thermal stability and fire retardant efficiency versus HBCD at similar bromine levels

V 2.0

Page 20: Recent developments in retardants for sustainablegreatlakes.com/deployedfiles/ChemturaV8/GreatLakes/Flame Retard… · and Manchester, United Kingdom. Great Lakes Solutions, an Industry

Flammability Performance

Emerald Innovation™ 3000 demonstrates comparable fire safety performance versus HBCD at similar bromine levels

V 2.0

Page 21: Recent developments in retardants for sustainablegreatlakes.com/deployedfiles/ChemturaV8/GreatLakes/Flame Retard… · and Manchester, United Kingdom. Great Lakes Solutions, an Industry

Comparison to Partially Aliphatic Bromine Source

Formulation % Br % SynergistJP‐JIS Fire Testing

Swiss Fire Testing (5.1)

HBCD 1.84 ‐ Pass Pass

Emerald Innovation™ 3000 1.75 ‐ Pass NM

FR1 1.78 ‐ Fail Fail

FR1 1.82 0.15 Fail Fail

FR1 1.82 0.3 Fail Fail

FR1 2.81 ‐ Fail Fail

FR1 2 88 0 15 Fail FailFR1 2.88 0.15 Fail Fail

FR1 2.84 0.3 Fail FailNM= Not MeasuredData provided by the Dow Chemical Company

FR1 = Tetrabromobisphenol A bis (2,3-dibromopropyl ether), a.k.a. PE-68™Synergist = An organic compound having labile C-C linkages capable of generating radicals in the early stages of ignition process which can reduce the molecular weight of the host polymer.

Ali h ti C B b d th k t ffi i i PS fAliphatic C‐Br bonds are the key to efficiency in PS foams

Only one half of the bromine in FR1 is aliphatic

FR1 is not effective at >50% higher load level

Page 22: Recent developments in retardants for sustainablegreatlakes.com/deployedfiles/ChemturaV8/GreatLakes/Flame Retard… · and Manchester, United Kingdom. Great Lakes Solutions, an Industry

Results of Screening Versus Design for The Environment Assessment FrameworkEnvironment Assessment Framework

vL= very LowSource: Davis J W et al Strategic Approach Towards Developing More Environmentally

PolyFR = Emerald Innovation™ 3000vL= very LowL= LowvH= veryHighNE= no evidence

Source: Davis, J.W. et. al., Strategic Approach Towards Developing More Environmentally Sustainable Flame Retardants, 12th Workshop on Brominated and Other Flame Retardants, 2011 

Persistent by Design, Required for Service Life & Stability

Low to Very Low in All Health and Environmental Effects

Page 23: Recent developments in retardants for sustainablegreatlakes.com/deployedfiles/ChemturaV8/GreatLakes/Flame Retard… · and Manchester, United Kingdom. Great Lakes Solutions, an Industry

Stabilization of extruded polystyrene foam containing Emerald Innovation™ 3000containing Emerald Innovation 3000

Emerald InnovationTM 3000 is an efficient flame retardant for use in extruded l t f (XPS) d lik HBCD ill i t bili ti d ipolystyrene foam (XPS) and like HBCD will require stabilization during 

extrusion. 

A stabilizer formula consisting of hindered phenol (AO1) a high performanceA stabilizer formula consisting of hindered phenol (AO1), a high performance phosphite (P1),  and an epoxy novalac resin (E1) provides the most effective stabilization package for Emerald Innovation 3000 in XPS foam.

This stabilizer system provides an excellent balance of color and molecular weight retention in XPS foam formulated with Emerald InnovationTM 3000. 

Extensive Testing Conducted to Determine an Optimal Stabilizer Solution

Page 24: Recent developments in retardants for sustainablegreatlakes.com/deployedfiles/ChemturaV8/GreatLakes/Flame Retard… · and Manchester, United Kingdom. Great Lakes Solutions, an Industry

Experimental Approach

Several combinations of primary and secondary antioxidants in combination                   with an epoxy novolac resin were evaluated.

All f l ti i l t d f lti l ti iAll formulations were run on a single screw extruder for multi‐pass evaluation in Polystyrene Nova PS1600 @ 200ºC.

Pellets from extrusion pass 1, 3 & 5 were set aside for melt flow and color determination on molded plaques.

The results show that a combination of AO1, P1 and E1 gives the best color and molecular weight retention in XPS foammolecular weight retention in XPS foam.

This optimized formulation is available from Chemtura as a non‐dust blend (NDB1). 

NDB® technology offers superior compositional control,                  NDB® technology offers superior compositional control,                  better hydrolytic stability and improved industrial hygiene

Page 25: Recent developments in retardants for sustainablegreatlakes.com/deployedfiles/ChemturaV8/GreatLakes/Flame Retard… · and Manchester, United Kingdom. Great Lakes Solutions, an Industry

Molecular Weight Stability

nsde

x, g/10m

inMelt F

low In

dM

Excellent retention of polystyrene molecular weight 

Page 26: Recent developments in retardants for sustainablegreatlakes.com/deployedfiles/ChemturaV8/GreatLakes/Flame Retard… · and Manchester, United Kingdom. Great Lakes Solutions, an Industry

Excellent Color Stabilityess Inde

xYello

wn

Color stability superior to neat polystyrene resin

Page 27: Recent developments in retardants for sustainablegreatlakes.com/deployedfiles/ChemturaV8/GreatLakes/Flame Retard… · and Manchester, United Kingdom. Great Lakes Solutions, an Industry

Emerald Innovation™ 3000: Your Sustainable FR Solution for EPS and XPSThe polymeric nature of Emerald Innovation™ 3000 renders it more sustainable than other flame retardant alternatives. Emerald Innovation™ 3000 is the best 

Your Sustainable FR Solution for EPS and XPS

choice when developing a sustainable product portfolio.

In EPS and XPS, Emerald Innovation™ 3000 demonstrates comparable efficiency at similar bromine content to HBCD.similar bromine content to HBCD.  

Handling and processing of Emerald Innovation™ 3000 is comparable to HBCD.

U lik HBCD E ld I ti ™ 3000 d t i t f i l tUnlike HBCD, Emerald Innovation™ 3000 does not interfere in polystyrene polymerization chemistry, providing improved control of molecular weight during EPS production.

The high solubility of Emerald Innovation™ 3000 in styrene monomer allows for easy introduction into EPS production processes.

Emerald Innovation™ 3000 can be easily incorporated into a masterbatch for use inEmerald Innovation 3000 can be easily incorporated into a masterbatch for use in XPS.

V 2.0

Page 28: Recent developments in retardants for sustainablegreatlakes.com/deployedfiles/ChemturaV8/GreatLakes/Flame Retard… · and Manchester, United Kingdom. Great Lakes Solutions, an Industry

Conclusions

GREAT LAKES SOLUTIONS IS

COMMITTED TO GREENER INNOVATIONCOMMITTED TO GREENER INNOVATION

7/15/2013 28

Page 29: Recent developments in retardants for sustainablegreatlakes.com/deployedfiles/ChemturaV8/GreatLakes/Flame Retard… · and Manchester, United Kingdom. Great Lakes Solutions, an Industry

CONCLUSIONSRecent introductions of new polymeric flame retardant platforms demonstrates the feasibility of sustainable flame t d tretardant

This approach applies to both halogenated and non‐halogenated flame retardants

Versatile cost‐effective approach across most polymerVersatile, cost effective approach across most polymer systems 

G t L k S l ti id V til S t i blGreat Lakes Solutions provides Versatile, Sustainable Flame Retardant Solutions for a variety of applications

Page 30: Recent developments in retardants for sustainablegreatlakes.com/deployedfiles/ChemturaV8/GreatLakes/Flame Retard… · and Manchester, United Kingdom. Great Lakes Solutions, an Industry

Acknowledgements d Th kand Thanks

Great Lakes Solutions Applications Research Laboratory

Dr. Subra Narayan

Harry Hodgen  

Julie McKeown

Ken Bol

Applied Market Information Ltdpp