Receiver Architecture for Radio over Glass, Analog or ......Receiver Architecture for "Radio over...
Transcript of Receiver Architecture for Radio over Glass, Analog or ......Receiver Architecture for "Radio over...
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Receiver Architecture for "Radio over Glass, Analog or Digital? Progress from Australia"
NGVLA WORKSHOP#2 9 DEC 2015
Ron Beresford [ Photonic/RF Systems Engineer]
CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science
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• ASKAP BETA Digital over Fiber
• ASKAP ADE RF over Fiber
• Update on Digitizer design
• High DNR RFoF
• Interference Issues (low level)
Agenda
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 2 |
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Phased Array Feed
Gain Signal
Transport 7km
Filter Banks
Beamformer
Co
rrelato
r
ADC
Clock
Phased Array Feed
Gain Superhet
Local Oscillators
ADC
Clock
Beamformer Signal
Transport 7km
Co
rrelato
r Antenna
Central Shielded Building
ASKAP MK I BETA
ASKAP MK II ADE
Filter Banks
3 | NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford
2Tbps
RFoF
Direct Sampled @ RF [Software Radio]
700-1800MHz
8b
12b
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BETA antenna fit-out
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 4 |
3kW
electronics
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Dry Air Compressor Transients
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 5 |
EMC
MIL461F RE102
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NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 6 |
• Bigger FPGA’s Xilinx V7 (more logic/watt/$)
• Low cost ADC 12bit, RF 3GHz, sample rate 1600MHz
• Low cost Board interconnects 120Gbps Multi-mode parallel optics.
(Avago Minipods)
• Low cost Board interconnects Passive Optical Cross-connects
• Low cost DFB lasers Uncooled, linear, usable slope
efficiency RF over Fiber
MKII Technology Enablers
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DSP board to board interconnects
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 7 |
Parallel Optics Modules • Low cost short spans with multi-
mode ribbon fibre and parallel optical VCSEL modules Avago Minipod, ~$3/Gbps, 50mW per channel
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NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 8 |
Why change the 2008 MK1 design?
• Simpler antenna – cheaper
• No high speed digital near receptors ( no self RFI or clocks)
• Less power at antenna
• Less cooling required
• Galvanic isolation – lightning isolation
• Less electronics hence reduced maintenance at antenna
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A Simpler system
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 9 |
+6vdc 50A (RF)
-6vdc 15A (RF)
+6vdc 5A Controller
20vdc 30A (TEC)
415vac (TEC blower)
194 SMF’s
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MKII Backend is Shielded >160dB and RFoF fed.
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 10 |
75dB
Gr
E
O
E O
RFoF G > -20dB
SMF
19dB
AD
C
DSP DFB’s XCOR
ANTENNA PAF CENTRAL BUILDING
Ga
Phase
Switching
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Remote Western Australia = low RFI
Sydney
Pop. 4 million
Narrabri (ATCA)
Pop. 6,000
Murchison Shire
Pop. 120 (and dropping)
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 11 |
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RFI at the Western Australia Site.
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 12 |
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NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 13 |
RFI modelling Parkes Site.
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RFoF The Distributed Feedback Laser
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 14 |
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PAF Low Cost Direct Modulation RFoF Direct Detection Intensity Modulation Intrinsic Link
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 15 |
Vee
Z RFin
Bias/APC
Vcc
1310nm SSMF
max 6km x 0.35dB/km
6mW >1mW Lf ~ 3dB
RFout
G= k. SL2.Rd
2
SL Rd
NF ~ 1
G (RIN limited)
Op
tica
l P
ow
er
mW
Laser IF mA
SL dPo
dIF
= Slope Efficiency
Linear
SL
Rd
=0.3 mW/mA
=0.85 mA/mW
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Typical DNR Performance
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 16 |
1000 10000
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Pushing RFoF Span
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 17 |
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RFoF stable RF subsystem
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 18 |
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Measured LNA/Filter/RFoF Tx Stability
19 | NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford
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188 Channel PAF Digitized 600 x 1MHz CFB
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 20 |
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Longterm Stability
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 21 |
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Unwanted PAF to PAF coupling
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 22 |
case emission
d > 22.4m
PAF1
Ant#2
0dBi
reflection
3.8fW 35mK
0.5mJy
Phase switching option will help this!
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Unwanted Correlations
• All analogue signals come into a single shielded room in ADE • A 30μ Jy source is at -75dB relative to Tsys
• Hard to guarantee all noise and cross talk is below this level
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 23 |
Antenna
1
Antenna
2
RFoF RX
RFoF RX +
+
Common Noise Correlator
Digitiser
Digitiser
Central site Shielded Room
RF
on
Fibre
Simplified system description
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Digitizer Developments
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 24 |
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NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford
Observatory Timeframe.
25 |
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BETA conversion and ADC Timimg/LO
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 26 |
4-way
BAT
156/159MHz
768MHz
LO1
LO2
10 MHz
1-w
ay
1-w
ay
4-w
ay
4-w
ay
4-w
ay
Synthesizer
Control
BAT Receiver
and decoder
USB/SPI
Slave
8 MHz
Receiver
and
Cleanup
3-way
split
USB/SPI BAT
optical
8MHz
Optical
carier
Ph
as
e
Mo
n
LO
2
4.4
3G
Hz
1-w
ay
15
6/1
59M
Hz
8 M
Hz
LO
2
BA
T
76
8M
Hz
10
MH
z LO
1
5.8
5-
6.6
5G
Hz
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Joint Electron Devices Engineering Council (JEDEC) JESD204B standard
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 27 |
SERDES all done!
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ADC12J4000
12-Bit, 4.0 GSPS RF sampling ADC with JESD204B interface
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 28 |
5GHz RF input
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Deterministic Latentcy
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 29 |
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Proof of concept JESD204B Digitizer
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 30 |
Credit:Paul Roberts
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QSP+ Interface 64Gbps Decoder
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 31 |
Xilinx LogiCORE™ IP JESD204 core
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Jitter specification critical With RFoF could be centralized Hi-Spec Synthesizer
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 32 |
Ultralow Noise and Spurious 0.37GHz to
6.39GHz Integer-N Synthesizer with
Integrated VCO
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ENOB vs Jitter Specification
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 33 |
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RF over Fiber with External Modulation
(can modulate to 100GHz)
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 34 |
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The Pie Town to VLA RF over Fiber Link
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 35 |
MZ
Modulator
T201 1
325M
Hz....1675M
Hz
CW Laser 50mW Class III 1550nm
104km SSMF Lf = 23dB
PD
V:A
Ba
cke
nd
An
t#2
2
G = Lf Po
k
p V
2
NF ~ 1
G
High Performance, but expensive ($2k in large qty)
Direct Detection Intensity Modulation
using External Modulation
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DNR Performance for External Modulation
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 36 |
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100GHz generally higher Vp
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 37 |
Credit: Keith Williams NRL
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Good quality laser required.
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 38 |
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What is possible at HF/VHF
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 39 |
Vp Vdc
V
V
V
V
+Vb
-Vb
50W
V
V
V
V
-VDFB
CW APC
1550nm 158mW (22dBm) +14dBm +15dBm
V
V
Balanced High Power RFoF Link 130dBHz1/2 120dBHz2/3
Dual Output Mach-Zehnder Modulator LiNbO3 EOspace USA, Photline UK
Discovery DSC710 InGaAs 30dB CMRR
6dB more Gain
20dB more DNR thru RIN cancellation
Phase matching fiber required
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RFoF Options
• MZM modulation
• Direct Modulation
• ElectroAbsorption Modulation
• Direct Frequency Modulation
• Phase Modulation
• Polarization Modulation
• SSB Modulation
• Linearization, Predistortion, Feedforward
• Photonic Sampling
• Optical Amplification
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 40 |
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• Location of ADC is major architectural decision
• RFoF is undersold in a digital world.
• RFoF is an option for inner core spans.
• Prototype RFoF circuit blocks early and be ready to argue application.
• Look at risky solutions with potential
Thoughts
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 41 |
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ngVLA will have lots of fiber (4 ADE B’ends)
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 42 |
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End
NRAO 9 Dec 2015 ngVLA_Workshop#2 | CSIRO| CASS | Ron Beresford 43 |