“Rear View? What’s he mean reaR view?”
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Transcript of “Rear View? What’s he mean reaR view?”
“REAR VIEW? WHAT’S HE MEAN REAR VIEW?”
“HE DIDN’T SAY REAR VIEW STUPID! HE SAID REVIEW!!”
COMFORT ZONE
THINK NEW WAYSQUESTION EVERYTHINGHAVE NEW EXPERIENCES
THINK OUTSIDE THE BOX AND YOUR COMFORT ZONE
MULTIPLE IDENTITIES
BIASES
Bias is an inclination to present or hold a partial perspective at the expense of alternatives that may also be valid.
STEREOTYPES
A stereotype is an exaggerated belief, image or distorted truth about a person or a group. This generalization does not allow for individual differences or social variation. These stereotypes may come from the mass media, family discussions, close friends, personal experience, etc. Stereotypes can be both negative and positive.
Our identities and how we identify others often determines
some of our stereotypes.
PrejudicePrejudice is an opinion, prejudgment or attitude about a group or its individual members.
Prejudices are usually aimed at the “other” and are often accompanied by ignorance, fear or hatred.
Identities also shapes our prejudices.
Prejudice can not be eliminated by law and policy
Discrimination
Discrimination is behavior that treats people unequally because of their group memberships (i.e. race, ethnicity, faith, nationality etc.) Discriminatory behavior, ranging from slights to hate crimes, often begins with negative stereotypes and prejudices.
CREATING LABELS
Prostitute
Terrorist
BackwardsLabels take away a persons humanity and makes them an object that can more easily be discriminated against or even killed.
Gook
“WE ALL DRINK FROM THE SAME STREAM.”
SEEN BY ALL
SEEN BY ME ONLY
HIDDEN TO ALL
SEEN ONLY TO OTHERS
Me
OthersSelf Transformation
SEEN BY ALL
SEEN BY ME ONLY
HIDDEN TO ALL
SEEN ONLY TO OTHERS
Me
OthersSelf Transformation
CULT
CREEDCULTURE
FAITH
GOD
SACREDSCRIPTURES AND/OR UNIVERSE
DEFINE GOD
SYSTEMS OF WORSHIP:RITES, TRADITIONS
RESPONSETO GOD
THROUGHLIFE LIVED
RELIGION AND FAITH
ASSUMPTION
An assumption is an idea we have about something that we think to be true even though we may not have sufficient evidence to prove that it is true. This assumption often determines how we act to situations or respond to people.
MOVING FROM
TOLERANCE TO
ACCEPTANCE TO
ENGAGEMENT
DISCUSSIONOR
DIALOGUE
Tolerance –
To bear something which is difficult or uncomfortable. (like a toothache or a very noise person)
To put up with someone who is disliked for their differences.
While people deemed undesirable may be disapproved of, "tolerance" would require that the party or group in question be left undisturbed, physically or otherwise, and that criticism directed toward them be free of inflammatory or harmful efforts.
TOLERANCE – GOOD? BAD?
Religious tolerance
Ethnic tolerance
Political tolerance
Tolerance doesn’t always last!
When the toothache seems unbearable, it will no longer be tolerated!
When we believe that we can no longer tolerate the “undesirable” person, we try to avoid them or fight them.
Acceptance -
To receive something even if one doesn’t like it.
Usually refers to the experience of a situation without an intention to change that situation.
Acceptance is often contrasted with resistance.
Engagement –
To meet together for the purpose of mutual benefit
It suggests a commitment to learning and living together, to listen deeply to each other.
The person of knowledge tries to learn many things. The person of wisdom tries to unlearn many things.
TO LEARN WE MUST FIRST UNLEARN SO THAT WE CAN RELEARN
DIALOGUE VERSUS DISCUSSION “Through meaning” (slow)
To inquire and to learn
To seek shared meaning
To integrate multiple perspectives – not to win
To uncover and examine assumptions
Open-ended
Creates a community-based culture of cooperation and shared leadership (power with)
Leads to transformation of self
“Discus” – to throw, fragment, shatter (same roots as percussion and concussion)
To tell, sell, persuade
To gain agreement on one meaning
To evaluate and select the best – to win
To justify/defend assumptions
Seeks a solution
Tends to create division and centralized leadership (power over)
Little opportunity for transformation
When human beings have contact with each other, conflicts will occur. Conflict is normal.
Conflict can result in positive changes in personal relationships or community relationships.
When conflict is not dealt with in a positive way, it can become violence.
Opp0rtunity or conjuncture for positive change.
CONFLICT
1. Conflict management Relies on laws and rules Conflict is controlled but may still remain Might involve punishment One party is right and one party is wrong Requires continuous management
2. Conflict resolution Win-win solutions sought but someone still loses Dignity may be lost because of compromise Requires a mediator/expert Conflict may emerge in the future and will again
require mediation by an expert Does not necessarily address the issue of injustice
3. Conflict transformation
Conflict is an opportunity for personal/social transformation
Seeking a true justice is central to this approach Requires engagement and dialogue rather than
tolerance and discussion Moves toward creative use of conflict for
personal/group transformation Transformation means a long-term end to the
conflict No winner/loser situation Requires deep listening Transformation spreads to other areas of
relationship
LAKOTA CONCEPT OF CONFLICT TRANSFORMATION
RESTORING HARMONY IS CENTRAL TO THE LAKOTA CONCEPT OF CONFLICT TRANFORMATION
IMPORTANT Every tool you need to do
effective conflict transformation in your communities can be found in your own history, culture, traditions, experience and religious faith.
Outside models take power away from the oppressed.
THE PASTOR AND THE IMAM
Violence IMPORTANT
There are many different possible responses to violence.
“I have no choice” means I do not want to take responsibility for what I do and so I stop thinking.
The result of our response will either confront and transform the violence or it will directly/indirectly support the violence.
It is not necessary for us to do peacemaking. - Max Ediger
GET RID OF THE OBSTACLES TO PEACE (INJUSTICE)
Remove the stones and trash (injustice) from the stream (justice) so that the water (peace) can flow freely to everyone equally.
The Prophet Amos said, “Let justice run down like water, And righteousness like a mighty stream.”
JUSTPEACE Justice comes before peace.
Without justice there can be no peace.
Justice is the foundation on which peace can rest and flourish.
NO JUSTICENO PEACE
KNOW JUSTICEKNOW PEACE
JUSTICE IS NOT JUST US
Describe:
1.What are the problems you see shown in this picture?
2.What solutions do you recommend?
SYMPTOMS AND ROOTS
SYMPTOMATIC PROBLEMS
ROOT PROBLEMS
GIVE SOMEONE A FISH AND THEY WILL EAT FOR ONE DAY
TEACH SOMEONE TO FISH AND THEY MAY EAT EVERY DAY
HELP PEOPLE UNDERSTAND THE SYSTEMS THAT CONTROL FISHING AND THEY WILL MOVE TOWARD TRUE TRANSFORMATION!
CRITICAL THINKING clarifies goals, examines assumptions, discerns hidden values, evaluates evidence, accomplishes actions, and evaluates conclusions by:
Asking important and hard questions Not accepting simple answers and
solutions Always wanting to know more Thinking outside the box
AWARENESS Critical thinking raises our
awareness. The more we know, the more
important it is for us to act. Action must focus on the root causes
of the oppression.OR
SILENCE IS NOT AN OPTION!
5 RESPONSES TO INJUSTICE
RESPONSE 1 RESPONSE 2 RESPONSE3 RESPONSE 4 RESPONSE 5
A. CAUSES Fate, Natural Disasters, Bad luck
Lack of Education, Lack of Resources, Etc.
Ineffective Education, Health, and Other Services
Exploitation, Domination, Oppression
Inadequate Structures
B. GOALS Relieve Suffering Improve Production, Skills, Knowledge
Make Existing Structures More Effective
Challenge and Overcome Exploitative Structures
Build New Economic, Political, Legal and Education Structures
C. MOTIVATION
Charity and Desire to Help the Poor
Help People Help Themselves
Equal Rights, Equal Opportunities
Liberation and End of Evil
Vision of a New Society
D. TYPE OF RESPONSE
Welfare Development Liberal Reformation
Liberation Transformation
SYMPATHY OR EMPATHY
SYMPATHY
EMPATHY MOVES US FROM CHARITY TO JUSTICE
EMPATHY WALK A MILE IN
MY SHOES (Native American)
TAKE THEIR HEART AND PUT IT IN OUR HEART. (Thailand)
EMPATHY “We are not victims! We are
survivors!” Saw Mort
“We must see in the victims the power to nurture and to heal.” David Selvaraj
› Tsunami survivor
WHICH BEST DESCRIBES TRUE LOVE FOR THE OPPRESSED?
NEUTRALITY? If you are neutral in
situations of injustice, you have chosen the side of the oppressor. If an elephant has its foot on the tail of a mouse and you say that you are neutral, the mouse will not appreciate your neutrality. Desmond Tutu
STANDING POINT
MARGINALIZED
DON’T BE BUSY!
BE EFFECTIVE!
GOOD INTENTIONS ARE NOT ENOUGH!
http://hungrymanbooks.free.fr/thehungryman.html
KEY WORDS COMFORT ZONE INSIDE/OUTSIDE THE BOX MULTIPLE IDENTITIES BIASES STEREOTYPES PREJUDICES DISCRIMINATION LABELS SELF-TRANSFORMATION RELIGION FAITH ASSUMPTIONS TOLERANCE ACCEPTANCE DISCUSSION DIALOGUE ENGAGEMENT CONFLICT
CONFLICT MANAGEMENT CONFLICT RESOLUTION CONFLICT TRANSFORMATION VIOLENCE PEACEMAKING JUSTPEACE INJUSTICE SYMPTOMATIC PROBLEM ROOT PROBLEM CRITICAL THINKING AWARENESS WELFARE DEVELOPMENT LIBERAL REFORMATION LIBERATION TRANSFORMATION SYMPATHY EMPATHY NEUTRALITY STANDING POINT
5 RESPONSES TO INJUSTICERESPONSE 1 RESPONSE 2 RESPONSE3 RESPONSE 4 RESPONSE 5
A. CAUSES Fate, Natural Disasters, Bad luck
Lack of Education, Lack of Resources, Etc.
Ineffective Education, Health, and Other Services
Exploitation, Domination, Oppression
Inadequate Structures
B. GOALS Relieve Suffering Improve Production, Skills, Knowledge
Make Existing Structures More Effective
Challenge and Overcome Exploitative Structures
Build New Economic, Political, Legal and Education Structures
C. MOTIVATION
Charity and Desire to Help the PoorSympathy
Help People Help Themselves
Equal Rights, Equal Opportunities
Liberation and End of Evil
Vision of a New Society
D. TYPE OF RESPONSE
Welfare Development Liberal Reformation
Liberation Transformation
“I just want to go home.”
5 RESPONSES TO INJUSTICERESPONSE 1 RESPONSE 2 RESPONSE3 RESPONSE 4 RESPONSE 5
A. CAUSES Fate, Natural Disasters, Bad luck
Lack of Education, Lack of Resources, Etc.
Ineffective Education, Health, and Other Services
Exploitation, Domination, Oppression
Inadequate Structures
B. GOALS Relieve Suffering Improve Production, Skills, Knowledge
Make Existing Structures More Effective
Challenge and Overcome Exploitative Structures
Build New Economic, Political, Legal and Education Structures
C. MOTIVATION
Charity and Desire to Help the PoorSympathy
Help People Help Themselves
Equal Rights, Equal Opportunities
Liberation and End of Evil
Vision of a New Society
D. TYPE OF RESPONSE
Welfare Development Liberal Reformation
Liberation Transformation
“I just want to go home.”
5 RESPONSES TO INJUSTICERESPONSE 1 RESPONSE 2 RESPONSE3 RESPONSE 4 RESPONSE 5
A. CAUSES Fate, Natural Disasters, Bad luck
Lack of Education, Lack of Resources, Etc.
Ineffective Education, Health, and Other Services
Exploitation, Domination, Oppression
Inadequate Structures
B. GOALS Relieve Suffering Improve Production, Skills, Knowledge
Make Existing Structures More Effective
Challenge and Overcome Exploitative Structures
Build New Economic, Political, Legal and Education Structures
C. MOTIVATION
Charity and Desire to Help the PoorSympathy
Help People Help Themselves
Equal Rights, Equal Opportunities
Liberation and End of Evil
Vision of a New Society
D. TYPE OF RESPONSE
Welfare Development Liberal Reformation
Liberation Transformation
“I just want to go home.”
5 RESPONSES TO INJUSTICERESPONSE 1 RESPONSE 2 RESPONSE3 RESPONSE 4 RESPONSE 5
A. CAUSES Fate, Natural Disasters, Bad luck
Lack of Education, Lack of Resources, Etc.
Ineffective Education, Health, and Other Services
Exploitation, Domination, Oppression
Inadequate Structures
B. GOALS Relieve Suffering Improve Production, Skills, Knowledge
Make Existing Structures More Effective
Challenge and Overcome Exploitative Structures
Build New Economic, Political, Legal and Education Structures
C. MOTIVATION
Charity and Desire to Help the PoorSympathy
Help People Help Themselves
Equal Rights, Equal Opportunities
Liberation and End of Evil
Vision of a New Society
D. TYPE OF RESPONSE
Welfare Development Liberal Reformation
Liberation Transformation
“I just want to go home.”
5 RESPONSES TO INJUSTICERESPONSE 1 RESPONSE 2 RESPONSE3 RESPONSE 4 RESPONSE 5
A. CAUSES Fate, Natural Disasters, Bad luck
Lack of Education, Lack of Resources, Etc.
Ineffective Education, Health, and Other Services
Exploitation, Domination, Oppression
Inadequate Structures
B. GOALS Relieve Suffering Improve Production, Skills, Knowledge
Make Existing Structures More Effective
Challenge and Overcome Exploitative Structures
Build New Economic, Political, Legal and Education Structures
C. MOTIVATION
Charity and Desire to Help the PoorSympathy
Help People Help Themselves
Equal Rights, Equal Opportunities
Liberation and End of Evil
Vision of a New Society
D. TYPE OF RESPONSE
Welfare Development Liberal Reformation
Liberation Transformation
“I just want to go home.”
POWER What is power?
Who has power and how do they use it?
What is our response to power?
POWER1. SELECT ISSUES
2. PLAN STRATEGIES
3. CARRY OUT THE ACTIONS
4. ENJOY THE RESULTS
POWER•ENJOY RESULTSWELFARE•MAYBE CARRY OUT ACTIONS •ENJOY THE RESULTSDEVELOPMENT• CARRY OUT ACTGIONS• ENJOY RESULTSREFORM•MAYBE PARTICIPATION IN ALL LEVELS OF POWERLIBERATION
•MUST HAVE PARTICIPATION IN ALL LEVELS OF POWER
TRANSFORMATION
REFORMATION AND TRANSFORMATION
How are they different?
Give examples from your field visits
REFORMATION
TRANSFORMATION
LET THE WORLD CHANGE YOUAND THEN
YOU CAN CHANGE THE WORLD
1. There are more than 6 billion people in thee world so what does this mean?
2. How does it happen?3. Give some examples
TO ANSWER THIS QUESTION WE NEED TO BE CLEAR ON:
1. Our standing point (with whom)2. Our faith teachings3. Sympathy or empathy4. Our commitment to:
1. Welfare?2. Development?3. Liberal reform?4. Liberation?5. Transformation?
EXAMPLES
› TOURISM
› SANCTIONS
› Election report
› OUR LIVES, OUR EDUCATION
If the dreams of the wealthyBecome my dreams
If my wants become largerThan the needs of the majority
If my status and fame become more importantThan the happiness of all society
If my profitsDestroy the words of the prophets
I will protect the status quo!
If the comfort of the middle classBecomes my comfort
If my leisure time is more importantThan service to the oppressed
If sympathy is easier for meThan empathy for the marginalized
If my standing pointHas many options
I will try to climb the ladder to the top!
If the hunger pangs of the starvingBecome my hunger pangs
If the terror of the torturedBecomes my terror
If the fear of the IDPsBecomes my fear
If the anger of the oppressedBecomes my anger
If the desperately poor rise up to marchAnd I march with them
Then I will struggle with the marginalized for true transformation!
THE WORLD CAN CHANGE US.
TOGETHER WITH THE MARGINALIZED, WE CAN CHANGE THE WORLD
TO BE CHANGED BY THE WORLDAND TO HELP CHANGE THE WORLDWE MUST:
Think outside the box Step out of our comfort zone Be willing to transform self Be clear on our standing point Learn to dialogue Learn empathy Learn to engage the other Identify root problems rather than symptomatic problems Work for transformation rather than charity Learn about conflict transformation from our faiths, our culture,
our history, etc. Recognize our biases, stereotypes and prejudices Focus our work on removing injustice rather than on
peacemaking
CASE STUDY Saigon, Viet Nam April 6, 1975 (the war ended on April 30) Saigon surrounded and cut off Refugees flooding the city Students can not contact parents No money for food and rent Students feeling desperate Came seeking help Together organized a strategy
› Groups with three students in a group› Each day one goes to class and two work in refugee camps› The three rotate so all can continue classes› We provide some money for rent and food
KEY WORDS COMFORT ZONE INSIDE/OUTSIDE THE BOX MULTIPLE IDENTITIES BIASES STEREOTYPES PREJUDICES DISCRIMINATION LABELS SELF-TRANSFORMATION RELIGION FAITH ASSUMPTIONS TOLERANCE ACCEPTANCE DISCUSSION DIALOGUE ENGAGEMENT CONFLICT
CONFLICT MANAGEMENT CONFLICT RESOLUTION CONFLICT TRANSFORMATION VIOLENCE PEACEMAKING JUSTPEACE INJUSTICE SYMPTOMATIC PROBLEM ROOT PROBLEM CRITICAL THINKING AWARENESS WELFARE DEVELOPMENT LIBERAL REFORMATION LIBERATION TRANSFORMATION SYMPATHY EMPATHY NEUTRALITY STANDING POINT