RealismHannah, Izzy, Max

Roman Realism● Included ideological messages ● Some images were idealized● Depicted warriors and heroic

adventures in spirit of Greeks

Academic Art

Bouguereau, The Birth of Venus

Cabanel, The Birth of Venus

David, The Oath of the Horatii

Academic Art-Background ● Neoclassicism & Romanticism ● Unrealistic ● Influenced from academies in Europe● Big academic artists: Jean-Leon Gerome &

Bouguereau

19th CenturyRealismConcepts:● No embellishment● Avoidance of artistic conventions● Avoidance of stylization

What was happening and how does it connect?

● Social changes caused by Industrial Revolution● Realism was greater focused on as a subject● The term ‘Realism’ was promoted in 1840’s by

Champfleury ● Realism art was first shown by Courbet● Photography growth

Courbet● Set up a personal pavilion outside of the Salon

in 1855--dedicated to “Le Réalisme”● “I cannot paint an angel because I have never

seen one.”● Rejected academic convention● In early 1840’s, he created self portraits

(weren’t shown to anyone)

Courbet Self Portraits

Burial at Ornans● Created in 1850● Oil on Canvas● 10’4” x 21’8”● Was originally at Courbet’s pavilion outside of

the salon● Currently in the Musee d’Orsay● Courbet

Manet● Enjoyed drawing and printmaking● Influenced by the growth of photography● Goal was to show the viewer’s his idea of reality● Used thick lines and dark colors● Worked in Couture's studio until 1856● Born into upper class

Olympia● Created in 1863● Oil painting● 51.4” x 74.8”● Originally in the 1865 Salon● Currently in the Musee d’Orsay● Manet

Social Realists● Started wanting to show middle and lower class people● Also starting showing scenes mainly occurring in cities● Showed real emotion and real troubles and hardships people

went through

Honore Daumier 1808-1879● French artist-

printmaker, sculptor, painter, caricaturist

● His whole entire childhood was spent in poverty

● Protige of Alexandre Lenoir

Wandering Saltimbanques- Daumier

1850● Started in 1847● oil paint on wood● 12 13/16 x 9 ¾ in● Currently in the

National Gallery of Art in Washington D.C.

John French Sloan 1871-1951● American Painter● Took up sketches while

working as a cashier● Attended the

Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts

● Help find the Ashcan School movement

McSorley’s Bar- John Sloan 1912● oil on canvas● 26 x 32 in

Alice Neel 1900-1984● American Painter● famous for using

oil● Portrayed

friends, family, lovers, artists, and strangers

● American Photographer

● Photographed celebrities and models

● Known for photographing fashion models in everyday locations

Richard Avedon 1923-2004

Photorealism and HyperrealismPhotorealism - detailed and unidealized representation in art, especially of banal, mundane, or sordid aspects of life; art made to look like a photographHyperrealism - a genre of painting and sculpture resembling a high resolution photograph; a contemporary extension of photorealism

Advancements in Photography

1948 - the first Polaroid (or Instant) camera is sold1984 - the first digital camera is invented1986 - the first disposable camera is invented

Pop Art

Photorealism- daily life- characteristics of the human face

Big artists of the time:Photorealists- Robert Bechtle- John Baeder- Tom Blackwell- Audrey Flack- Chuck Close

Hyperrealists- István Sándorfi- Ralph Goings- Carole Feuerman- Marilyn Minter- Jason DeGraaf

Chuck CloseBig Self Portrait, 1968acrylic on canvasunframed 107.5 x 83.5 x 2 inchesCurrently in Walker Art Center, Minneapolis, MN

- painted subjects no one knew

The EventDecember 7, 1988- spinal artery collapse

Jason DeGraafThe Odyssey, 2012acrylic on canvas30 x 40 inches

- photorealists of the 20th Century would dislike him