Real Time Structural Monitoring for High Rise Buildings and Bridges
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Transcript of Real Time Structural Monitoring for High Rise Buildings and Bridges
Configuration
Level 33
RS485
Network
Level 53
RS485
Network
Level 65
RS485
Network
2.4 GHz
Highway
Central
monitoring
Station
SMS Alert
System
Strain Gages and Displacement Sensors
Strain gage installation
with redundancy
On site
measurement systemDisplacement
sensor
Cast-in VW Strain Gage
•To measure the vertical force
•from the superstructure
Welded VW Strain Gage
•To measure the
tension/compression force on the
support beam between the vertical
and slope core
x
L
x = Lsinθ
Where L is floor height
D
Ln-2
Ln-1
Ln
L1
L3
L2
Tilt meter
Proposed method for tower tilt measurement
Proposed installation location
Proposed installation location to form
a sensor array to detect tower
movement profile at the vertical core
and slope core
Total Lateral Displacement at level n
Xi = D + ∑ Li sin θi
D
Individual floor level lateral
displacement can be determined by
using•Displacement sensor as the referencing datum
•Accumulated lateral movement resolved from
tilting angle detected by tilt meter
X i
X i
X i
X i
X i
X i
D
How to determine the lateral displacement
T3 East (slope) displacement GL64 (30 Nov 09)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
-30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50
mm
Level
T3 GL64 Expected
T3 E GL64
The expected lateral movement vs. the actual measured movement
The comparison between the
expected lateral movement (modeling)
and the actual lateral movement from
sensor array
• the movement profile is similar
•The maximum difference between the
actual and expected is 10mm
mid span
Cast-In Strain Gage
Cross section view
side view
Proposed installation location for
Embedded VWSG in
PT Beam
Tower 1 Level 9 Human Foot Fall
Human Comfort test
for multi floor level for ORQ
Structure Human Comfort standard (ISO 2631) Testing Service
Remote Monitoring of the 280m High
Republic Plaza
Measures the Wind Load and Seismic
conditions experienced by the Building
NTU conducts the Full Scale Research while
SysEng (S) designs and install the
Instrumentation
The system operates automatically since 1995
The system can be controlled remotely and
measured data are via modems
Transducers at Republic Plaza
(Top) Ultra sonic
Anemometer to
measure Wind
Direction & Speed
(Top & Bottom)
Servo
Accelerometers to
measure vibrations
GPS receivers to
measure
displacements
Central Monitoring System
16 Channels,16 bits,
Sample & Hold
Multi-tasking for data
logging and file transfer
6 hours UPS
Operates continuously 24
hours
Lightning and Voltage
surge protection
Structure information
Project Facts
Project Area: 4,843,759 ft
Building Height: 45 m
Number of support pillar: 28
Number of Stories: 4
Proposal for
mega structure deflection measurement
Consideration
• To provide a direct measurement method for deflection movement
due to unbalance of loading during construction period
• To provide dynamic deflection info of the mega structure
• to provide an overview on all the 28 mega structure deflection info
in a single screen
• To provide an alert/ warning feature on loading activities when the
deflection is breaching the design limit
• Easy installation, minimize effect on the construction schedule
• On site standalone system, easy to maintain and operate
displacement
sensor
Side View
mo
vem
ent
vertical movement due to
unbalance loading
Proposal for
mega structure deflection measurement
•During installation of steel structure will cause a vertical deflection
of the top portion of the mega structure
•The installed vertical displacement sensor (V) will able to detect
the dynamic movement of the top portion of the mega structure
•The datum of the vertical displacement sensor is refer to the floor
level which is no direct link to the mega structure
VH
Proposal for
mega structure deflection measurement
displacement
sensor
Plan View
sensor
measurement
system
pillar lateral movement
due to unbalance loading
movement
mo
vem
ent
HV
V
H
•During installation of steel structure may cause a bending moment
n the pillar portion of the mega structure
•This bending moment will translate into horizontal deflection
•The installed horizontal displacement sensor (H) will able to detect
the dynamic movement of the bending moment of the mega
structure
•The datum of the horizontal displacement sensor is refer to the
floor level which is no direct link to the mega structure
Proposal for
mega structure deflection measurement
Central
Monitoring System
On-site Measurement
Station
Mega Structure #1
Mega Structure #28
•The On-site Measurement Station (MS) will collect all the dynamic
info and send it back to the Central Monitoring System (CMS)
•When receiving info from MS, the CMS will do:
•Check and analysis the data
•Display the info on the CMS display
•Send alert/ warning when info is breaching design limit
•Achieve data to database