Readings Globalization and the Nation-State (Ravenhill 235-262) 24. According to the authors evaluation of the empirical data, what is the relationship between globalization and the nation-state? The relationship between globalization & the nation state is that there is no empirical evidence that globalization is causing retrenchment in the nation-state (he pretty much repeatedly states that theres not enough evidence to state globalization is causing the fall of the nation state)25. What are convergence and dual convergence? Convergence theory assumes that societies have certain requirements that must be met if they are to survive and operate effectively. Convergence theory states that as societies become increasingly industrialized, they begin to resemble other industrialized societies. That is, they converge towards other forms of social organization. Dual Convergence generates common pressures, which are refracted institutionally to produce dual convergence. 26. What is the difference between the globalization of politics, and the politics of globalization? Politics of Globalization: the political drivers of the process of globalizationGlobalization of politics: the displacement of political responsibilities and capacities from the level of the nation state through the emergence of institutions and processes of global governance. Globalization has a politics whether or not politics has become globalized

27. What are the major empirical challenges to the hyperglobalization thesis discussed by Hay? 1. Capital has a history of resisting social and economic reforms which it has come to actively rely upon and actively defend2. Markets for goods or services are NOT fully integrated/do not clear instantly3. Foreign Direct Investors acquire sunk costs on investments such as machinery/physical infrastructure (cant get this money back)4. Fails to appreciate that Foreign Direct Investors in capital intensive sectors of the international economy are attracted to some locations (like Northern European economies) not for the flexibility of labour markets or cheapness of wage costs, but for access to a highly skilled/reliable labour force

Globalization and Civil Society (Ravenhill 344-369) 28. According to the author, what are some of the major characteristics of global civil-society? free association of a group of individuals in pursuit of a common aim, membership is voluntary, its a sphere distinct from the state29. According to the author, what are the major criticisms leveled against global economic institutions by civil society actors? a rejection of the intergovernmental character of the institutions GEIs increased their power and influence so theyre not subject to direct state control GEIs arent accountable because their decision-making structure are undemocratic30. According to the author, what are the key definitional criteria for civil society, and what are the characteristics of the members of civil society that he discusses? Members of civil society are organizations, activism, social movements and actors31. What are the key roles played by civil society, according to Williams? material provisions,mobilization,advocacy, legitimation and coordination 32. What are the primary institutions that civil society coalitions campaigns to change the practices of?- International Institutions, States, Corporations Kay 2005 33. What are the major features of Kays model of labor internationalism? Institutions that are trans national helped give labor to

Nafta system of rules for trade, also rules for labor. Trans national rules was above nation state rules.Sovergn states losing power?Helped give labor and standards.Labor- inter: More coordination and ______ between countries because of labor reasons not economic reasons?Span multiple countries, cross border34. What are the major institutions analyzed in Kays article? Unions, NAALC, NAFTA35. What is the overall effect of the major institutions on labor internationalism, according to by Kay? major institutions enable labor internationalism to flourish; workers come together with same goals Give the workers legal space to operate in. Adds legitimacy to their grievances. Sets common-ground on which to build common transnational interests.Labelling the 'major institutions' in this sections as NAFTA and the NAALC, the overall effect "suggests that global governance institutions that grant legitimacy and provide mechanisms for expressing and redressing grievances when rules are violated, are critical to the development of transnational social movements.Globalization and the Environment (Ravenhill 370-393) 36. What is the environmental Kuznets curve? The environmental Kuznets curve is a hypothesized relationship between various indicators of environmental degradation and income per capita. It states that a developing country globalizes up to a high point, which includes environmental degradation, then goes back down after that country is developed due to citizens wanting environmental standards and everything.In addition: it is a bell curve. It increases as production industrializes then falls back down after they have developed. Keep in mind that this curve does not correlate with the Co2 emissions chart, which discredits the Kuznets curve.37. Where did the notion of environmentalism originate? stockholm conference Rich countries noticed the rising of global environmental problems by the 1970s. Afterwards, the north was very environmentally aware leading to a series of meetings to figure out what to do about it. A number of international institutions have been formed due to the rising of these problems.38. By when did governments begin to recognize the need to cooperate to address global environmental problems, and what/when was the first major meeting at which strategies were discussed?late 1960s

39. What are the mechanisms by which optimists believe that trade globalization and TNCs can help the environment?-poverty alleviation, better education, population controls, and a stronger capacity of states and global institutions to implement sustainable development-technology innovation and less harmful forms of production-corporate investment that exports environmentalism by transferring funds-opportunities to use creative policies and incentives

40. What are the mechanisms by which pessimists believe that trade globalization and TNCs can harm the environment? -burden the south with unequal environmental costs-allows corporations to pluder the globes fragile ecosystem- generate consumer prices that ignore environmental and social costs of production-drive overconsumption in the north and unbalance consumption in the south