Lesson 3

I. Brainstorming

- is the most popular tool in generating creative and rich ideas

How Brainstorming Works

1) Decide for the general or primary topic.

2) Get ideas from everyone.

- involves writing the main topic and listing down the related ideas

Topic: Unemployment1. Jobs2. Poverty3. Salary4. Lack of education5. Low salary6. Lack of money7. Fresh graduates

- a visual representation of ideas and their connections with one another

- more structured

- shows how one idea subordinates another idea

3) Revisit the list.

4) Have the list as a guide or an outline for the final product.

II. Graphic Organizers

- are visual representations of concepts that help us structure information into organizational patterns

- present essential information and connect these pieces of information into a coherent framework

Types of Graphic Organizers

- used to compare and contrast ideas and events

- uses two or more overlapping circles to show similar and different attributes

TRY IT! Fill in the missing data in the Venn Diagram which scientifically compares a butterfly and a moth. Use critical thinking and select only relevant information based on the topic from the following list.

Has 3 pairs of legs Hatches from chrysalis

Hatches from cocoon Looks pretty

Featured in Rizal's story Has wings

TRY IT! Fill in the missing data in the Venn Diagram which scientifically compares a whale and a fish. Use critical thinking and select only relevant information based on the topic from the following list.

Lay eggs Live in water

Breathe water Have scales

Live birth Can swim

Have fins Have hair

Breathe air

- used to represent hierarchy, classification, and branching

- useful in showing relationships of scientific categories, family trees, and even lineages

TRY IT! Fill in the missing data in the university hierarchy with the positions below. Note that all positions will be used in the Network Tree.

HR Manager Director of Academic Services

Payroll Manager Accounting Manager

Department Chair HR Supervisor

Director of External Linkages Faculty

- also known as semantic map

- used to investigate and enumerate various aspects of a central idea, which could be a concept, topic, or theme

TRY IT! Fill in the missing data in the following spider map with the following.

picture-based connects people

relies on the internet serves as a marketing tool

interactive prone to security breaches

- displays the nature of the problem and how it can be solved

- usually contains the problem's description, its causes and effects, and logical solutions

TRY IT! Fill in the missing data in the following climate change problem-solution map with the phrases below. Make sure to select only the relevant information.

Climate change

Making documentaries

Shrinking mountain glaciers

Reducing use of items that produce greenhouse gases

Variations in the sun's energy reahing the Earth

Cutting down trees

Accelerating ice melt in Iceland

Nature- Encompasses global warming- Refers to the broader range of changes that are happening to our planet

Causes- Changes in the greenhouseeffect, which affect the amount of heat retained by Earth's atmosphere- Changes in the reflectivity of Earth's atmosphere and surface

Effects- Rising sea levels- Shifting in flower/plant blooming times

Problem Solution

- used to show how events occurred chronologically through a long bar labeled with dates and specific events

- can be linear or comparative

- shows how events happened within one period

a. Linear Timeline

b. Comparative Timeline

- shows two sets of events that happened within the same period

- used to map events in the story- used to analyze the major parts of a plot

TRY IT! Fill in the missing details in the diagram.

* The two families discover the bodies of the two lovers and realize their wrongs.

* Romeo and Juliet are lovers who come from rival families, Montague and Capulet.

* The Capulets and Montagues end their feud.

- used to show the logical sequence of events

TRY IT! Fill in the missing details in the chains of events regarding the Scientific Method with the information below.

* Test the hypothesis.

* Define a problem.

* Make observations and collect information.

Make a prediction or state a hypothesis.

Form a conclusion.

SCIENTIFIC METHOD

- used to better understand the causual relationship of a complex phenomenon- shows the factors that cause a specific event or problem, as well as details of each cause

- describes how a series of events interact to produce a set of results repeatedly

* Some examples of events that require a cycle are water cycle, metamorphosis, and poverty cycle.

TRY IT! Fill in the missing data in the following poverty cycle with the details below. As with the other samples, make sure to select the correct information through critical thinking.

family in poverty

inspires the next generation

low family income

lack of education

- used to map out arguments and evidence that prove a viewpoint- is especially useful when processing persuasive or argumentative texts

III. Outline

- considered as a plan for writing; a summary that gives the essential feature of a text

- shows how the parts of a text are related to one another as parts that are of equal importance, or sections that are subordinate to a main idea

- uses only numbers as labels

Two Outline Formats

- uses both letters and numbers as labels

Principles of Outlining

- requires ideas of the same relevance to be labeled in the same way

I. Positive effects of uniform policyA. Promotes school identityB. Improves school security

II. Negative effects of uniform policyA. Inhibits learningB. Curtails individuality

- shows that minor details have to be placed under their respective major details

I. Positive effects of uniform policyA. Promotes school identityB. Improves school security

II. Negative effects of uniform policyA. Inhibits learningB. Curtails individuality

- shows that minor details have to be placed under their respective major details

I. Positive effects of uniform policyA. Promotes school identityB. Improves school security

II. Negative effects of uniform policyA. Inhibits learningB. Curtails individuality

I. Positive effects of uniform policyA. Promotes school identityB. Improves school security

II. Negative effects of uniform policyA. Inhibits learningB. Curtails individuality

- requires that no cluster should contain only one item

I. Positive effects of uniform policyA. Promotes school identityB. Improves school security

II. Negative effects of uniform policyA. Inhibits learningB. Curtails individuality

- requires all entries in each cluster to use the same structure and format

Kinds of Outline According to Structure

- a systematic arrangement of ideas using broad topics in the form of words or simple phrases as headers

- also known as expanded outline

- uses complete sentences as its entries

- the central idea of a multiple-paragraph composition

- one-sentence summary that guides, controls, and unifies ideas when writing

*In simple terms, all the other ideas present in an essay revolve around the thesis statement.

Thesis Statement

“In preparing for a battle I have always found that plans are useless, but planning is indispensable.”

- Dwight D. Eisenhower

Thank You !!