Re-designing (hacking) scholarly communications

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RE-DESIGNING (HACKING?) SCHOLARLY COMMUNICATION Openness and its Discontent KMD 1001F — KNOWLEDGE MEDIA DESIGN: FUNDEMENTAL CONCEPTS

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Transcript of Re-designing (hacking) scholarly communications

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RE-DESIGNING (HACKING?) SCHOLARLY COMMUNICATION

Openness and its Discontent

KMD 1001F — KNOWLEDGE MEDIA DESIGN: FUNDEMENTAL CONCEPTS

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Key Messages

• Open Access as a philosophical principle and a set of practical tools

• “Journal” no longer serves the needs of networked scholarship

• From “Wealth of Nations” to “Wealth of Networks”• Need to rethink measurements of “impact” and values, especially for research for the public goods

• Innovations are happening in the “peripheries” but there are gatekeepers and social barriers

• Aligning funding and reward policies with new scholarly practices and inclusive metrics

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BOAI

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“Now as then, the hacker is characterised by an active approach to technology, undaunted by hierarchies and established knowledge, and finally a commitment to sharing information freely.”

http://cspp.oekonux.org/special-issues/expanding-the-frontiers-of-hacking

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Cohen, Dan, and Tom Scheinfeldt, eds. Hacking the Academy: A Book Crowdsourced in One Week. Center for History and New Media, George Mason University. 21-28 May 2010. http://hackingtheacademy.org/

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http://wiki.diffandrep.org/performing-scholarly-communication

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Problems• Current Scholarly Communication system is broken• Emerging tools are not being used effectively to serve

scholarship• Re-designing Scholarly Communications

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The Dysfunctional Economy of Scholarly Communications

• Commodification of public knowledge

Bundling • Oligopoly• Artificial scarcity• Homogeneity of forms and

functions• Reputation management

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Hacking the bundle

Explore ways by which new practices can be coded (codified) so that the key functions of scholarly communication – authoring, certification, quality control, archiving, and rewarding - can be decoupled and better served by emerging tools for collaborative authoring, sharing, and reputation management. 

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This is not just a technology issue, but a socio-political problem.

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Institutional Design

Sustainability as a set of institutional structures and processes that build and protect the knowledge commons (after Sumner 2005, Mook and Sumner 2010)

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Broadening the definition of “success”, “impact”, “value” and “capital”

Business value monetary return, financial capital, efficiency, competiveness

Scholarly value Reputation and citation; trust; symbolic capital

Institutional value Public mission, community outreach, intellectual capital

Social value Equity, participation, diversity, social capital

Political value Evidence based policy, transparency, accountability, civic capital

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http://arxiv.org/abs/1205.4328

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http://altmetrics.org/manifesto/

The JIF is appallingly open to manipulation; mature alt-metrics systems could be more robust, leveraging the diversity of of alt-metrics and statistical power of big data to algorithmically detect and correct for fraudulent activity. This approach already works for online advertisers, social news sites, Wikipedia, and search engines.

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http://impactstory.org/

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Scholarly Primitives

Discovering Annotating Comparing

Referring Sampling Illustrating

Representing“…basic functions common to scholarly activity across disciplines, over time, and independent of theoretical orientation.”

John Unsworth. "Scholarly Primitives: What Methods Do Humanities Researchers Have in Common and How Might Our Tools Reflect This?" "Humanities Computing, Formal Methods, Experimental Practice" Symposium, Kings College, London, May 13, 2000. http://jefferson.village.virginia.edu/~jmu2m/Kings.5-00/primitives.html

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Opportunities for Digital Scholarship

Public outreach and engagement

New forms of “impact”

Data sharing

New scholarly practices

Experimentations

Interdisciplinary and Collaborative

research

Professional development

Personalization

Curation

Student training

Service

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Scholarly Primitives and Reputation?

Discovering Annotating Comparing Referring

Sampling Illustrating Representing

John Unsworth. "Scholarly Primitives: What Methods Do Humanities Researchers Have in Common and How Might Our Tools Reflect This?" "Humanities Computing, Formal Methods, Experimental Practice" Symposium, Kings College, London, May 13, 2000. http://jefferson.village.virginia.edu/~jmu2m/Kings.5-00/primitives.html

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http://commons.gc.cuny.edu/

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Conclusions

•Open Access is just the substrate, but an essential one

•Metrics drive behaviour, but we have been using the wrong metrics

•Need to rethink what we value as a public institution

•Reward open scholarship

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Thank You!

[email protected]

http://www.openoasis.org

http://www.bioline.org.br

http://www.openaccessmap.org