RDF10 ARB Presentation Session6 OGSoto - ITU · Cairo, Egypt, December 2010 Traffic and QoS in NGN...

InternationalTelecommunicationUnionTraffic and QoS in NGN - OGSCairo, Egypt, December 2010

Oscar González SotoITU Consultant Expert

Spain [email protected]

ITU-D Regional Development Forums 2010 on NGN and Broadband for the Arab Region“NGN and Broadband, Opportunities and

Challenges”

Traffic Trends and QoS in NGN

Cairo, Egypt, 13 to 15 December 2010

InternationalTelecommunicationUnionTraffic and QoS in NGN - OGSCairo, Egypt, December 2010 2

Agenda

• Services traffic trends on NGN

• Traffic modeling for NGN services

• QoS for NGN service types


Traffic related questions

Is traffic important in NGN and IP flows?

What units to consider for dimensioning and engineering?

Which traffic activities are needed in operation?

Which units to consider for interconnection and SLA?

Is QoS well defined and what parameters?

Others…………?


NGN Service traffic demand: Recent trends

Major increase of data traffic both in fixed and mobile networks (mainly video, browsing and social networks)

More heterogeneous behavior (up to 20:1 in volume and 10:1 in signaling for new terminals) and in session composition due to the multiplicity of terminals and applications

Different proportion of busy hour traffic to the overall daily traffic as compared with traditional (> 25%)

Several Origin/Destination patterns/matrix and flow modeling

Need for a continuous process in traffic measurement, projection and dimensioning



• Evolution of traffic daily profile in Japan 2005-2009: (daily periodicity maintained, increase of peakdness for busy period and asymmetry D/U)

Kenjiro Cho (IIJ/WIDE), Nov 2009



• Evolution of traffic volume distribution per day in Japan: (mode multiplied by ~ 50 in 4 years)

Kenjiro Cho (IIJ/WIDE), Nov 2009



• Diversity of customers behaviour with peaks at short and long durations

G. Maier and others, T-Lab, Nov 2009



• Mix of applications with HTTP dominant overall and video dominant within HTTP

G. Maier and others, T-Lab, Nov 2009


NGN Service traffic demand: Required Traffic Activities for NGN

Traffic/Planning activities and continuous cycle to engineer network according to the very dynamic evolution of applications (specially on mobile)

Traffic monitoring & measurement

per area Traffic analysis per service and flow type

Network and applications Provisioning

Network and Applications dimensioning

Network and Applications

Capacity planning

Demand projection per area and flow

Market and Business Intelligence


NGN Service traffic demand: Traffic activities for NGN

Demand projection per area and flow

• Customer segmentation per lifestyle and profile

• Customer location

• Customer/terminal usage pattern for media and signaling

• Customer purchasing criteria for services and bundles

• Service and application success rate


NGN Service traffic demand: Traffic matrix characterization criteria

• Per O/D network points (end to end user, user to service providers location and multiple to multiple O/D)

• Per dimensioning criteria (constant, guaranteed streaming, best effort)

• Per application type (Video, Web, Bulk, P2P, Social networking, Gaming, etc.)

• Per customer category (Wholesale, LAN, business, residential)


Agenda





Traffic Characterization

• Aggregated average traffic per level as a weighted average of the services categories (i) and customer classes (j) at that level.

• Hierarchical modelling for call driven communications generating traffic flows in NGN

Level 2: Activity/Communication times at Session/Application level

Level 1: Customer Service time at “Call” level

Level 3: Communication times at Flow/Burst level

Level 4: Transmission times at Packet level


Traffic Characterization for NGN

Which units used to predict traffic demand ?

Customers for given project (operator, country, region, worldwide)

Ports associated to customers per class

Calls generated at user interface

Erlangs originated/terminated at user interface

Sessions/Information/requests generated at user interface

Packets handled at a given resource through the network

Mbits transported through a given network link/path

Traditional

New


Traffic flow types for Quality of Service based dimensioning

constant stream: bandwidth transmission at a constant speed with a specified delivery and jitter (ie: video distribution)

variable stream : bandwidth transmission at a variable speed derived from a user information and coding algorithm which requires guaranteed quality and specified jitter (ie: VoIP, Video streaming, audio streaming, etc.)

elastic: bandwidth transmission at a variable speed without jitter restrictions and asynchronous delivery (ie: browsing, file transfer, mail, UMS, etc.)


Traffic Characterization for NGN

• Different relation between peak traffic and average traffic per service classes: CBR (1), VBR(2), VBR(3)


0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

00:09 02:49 05:34 08:19 10:59 13:44 16:29 19:14 21:54

Time

Kbp

s

5 min average 1 hour average 24 hours average

Example of time-scale influence on measurements

Impact of averaging period1,8:1 ratio between “5 min” and “1 hour”2,3:1 ratio between “1 hour” and “24 hours”

Variation per measurement averaging period at ENST campus measurements in 2001 for advanced internet applicat ions


Example of aggregated flows per category

Time

Aggregated traffic/class

Maximum load

Nominal load

Elastic Class measured at 5 min and 1 hourperiods

Variable Streaming Class

Constant Class

Traffic carried with QoS

Traffic carried without QoS

Time

Aggregated traffic/class

Maximum load

Nominal load

Elastic Class measured at 5 min and 1 hourperiods

Variable Streaming Class

Constant Class

Traffic carried with QoS

Traffic carried without QoS


Traffic units for aggregated flows

Traffic Units definition for network dimensioning

Equivalent Sustained Bit Rate (ESBR) or aggregated equivalent rates for same QoS category flows in a common reference busy period (ie. 5 minutes)

Computed as weighted average of the services at QoS category (i) and customer classes (j) at

each network element: ∑i ∑j ESBRij


Dimensioning Criteria

Stream traffics need reserve capacity procedures like MPLS and Call Acceptance Control (CAC) in the access and may be modeled with equivalent bandwidth methods.

Available “multi-rate formulas” with different peakdness factors for a given quality.

Elastic traffics may be modeled with resource shared models.

Available “processor-sharing” models that provide a minimum capacity and a delivery speed as a function of simultaneous users

Constant rate traffics need to be aggregated and reserved on top of the others with a given protection factor

Overall dimensioning will be a combination of the previous procedures with different degrees of detail as a function of the model granularity


Typical dimensioning curves for delay based systems

Max. Capacity (Systems type I)

Packet/message Delay

Load/Occupancy

Specified GoS delay

Max. Capacity (Systems type II)

Nominal capacity (ie: 60%): with overload protection

0 50 100

Type I

Poissonian systems

Type II

Hyper-exponential systems: self-similar


NGN Service demand evaluation process

Traffic aggregation per O/D and flow category

Traffic matrices

Services per customer type Traffic per service/customer type- Services projection- Mapping services per customer

Traffic units/service (multi-service IP)Traffic aggregation per customer type

- Traffic aggregation per IP flow category- Traffic flow aggregation per O/D

- Matrix per IP flow category (original BW)- Dimensioning matrix (capacity BW)


Agenda





Global QoS and Security

• Quality of Service (QoS): Characterization of the service accessibility and quality both with quantitative and qualitative (user

perception) parameters and values

• Domains for QoS evaluation: - Grade of Service

- Service accessibility: capability to access a service- Connection establishment: Capability to get connection- Information transfer: Quality of information delivery

- Reliability: Failure probability- Availability: Probability of system being active- Survivability: Capability to provide service in abnormal conditions- Security: Information and systems protection level- Qualitative: Intelligibility, audibility, visualization, etc. of information content as derived from user perception


ITU framework for QoS support to operation


QoS application phases and views

- Phases of the service life cycle to analyze like:

service provision, service enhancement, service support, service connection, service billing, service management, etc.

- Criteria for the quality observation like:Availability, accuracy, speed, security, reliability, etc.

- Customer view: QoS requirements and perception

- Service provider view: QoS offering and achievement


QoS rating for VoIP as function of packet loss and delay

Iso-quality curves as a function of packet delay and packet loss probability for G.729 (19th International Teletraffic Congress

September 2005, Beijing)


Perceived Quality of Service as a function of the number of crossed domains for the G.711+PLC coding with ppp = .01 and gold /silver SLA (19th International Teletraffic Congress September 2005, Beijing)

-“Gold” implies a T< 100ms, ppp< 1% and jitter <10ms (business customers)

- “Silver” implies a T< 150 ms. ppp< 2% and jitter < 30ms (residential customers)

QoS rating for VoIP as function of crossed hops


QoS parameters and values for network design and planning

QoS Priority Bit loss Probability

Packet loss probability

Packet delay

Jitter Availability

Stream constant

High <10e-9 <10e-3 <150 ms <10 ms >99.999%

Stream Variable

High and medium

<10e-9 <10e-5

<10e-2

<5x10e-2

<150 ms

< 400ms

<10 ms

<30 ms

>99.999% >99.99%

Elastic Low <10e-3 Without guarantee

Without guarantee

Without guarantee

Without guarantee


Reference guide for QoS classes in IP operation by ITU


QoS reference parameters per call processing class by ITU


QoS reference values per call processing class by ITU


Reference path for end to end QoS application by ITU


Reference points for inter-domain performance measurement by ITU


Maturity of standards related to traffic and performance

Standards well defined for NGN protocols and interfaces. Specific implementations may vary in additional features.

Standards well defined for NGN intra-domain routing. Specific implementations may vary in additional features.

Solutions defined for inter-domain routing but agreements on applicability and adoption at early stages. SLA negotiated on a bilateral basis

Solutions for dimensioning and quality of service provisioning defined at intra-domain level and early definitions at end to end level.

Traffic units and engineering rules available at scientific forums (i.e.: International Teletraffic Congress) but still not of extended applicability or standardization. Today case by case applications by experts.

RDF10 ARB Presentation Session6 OGSoto - ITU · Cairo, Egypt, December 2010 Traffic and QoS in NGN...

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