Ratela Asllani, December 2014 1 Inside NATO, Consensus Building & Decision Making Presented by:...

Ratela Asllani, December 2014 1

Inside NATO, Inside NATO, Consensus Consensus Building & Building &

Decision MakingDecision MakingPresented by: Ratela Asllani, M.APresented by: Ratela Asllani, M.A

PhD CandidatePhD Candidate

2Ratela Asllani, December 2014

ContentsContents

Key Pillars of NATO Key Pillars of NATO

Working StructuresWorking Structures Decisions & Consultation Decisions & Consultation

Conclusion Conclusion


1. Key Pillars of NATO1. Key Pillars of NATO

A Political Military Alliance A Political Military Alliance

Collective Defense Collective Defense

The Transatlantic LinkThe Transatlantic Link

The 2010 Strategic Concept The 2010 Strategic Concept


1.1 A Political Military 1.1 A Political Military AllianceAlliance


1.1 A Political Military 1.1 A Political Military AllianceAlliance

NATO’s essential purpose: “safeguarding the NATO’s essential purpose: “safeguarding the freedom & security of its members via political freedom & security of its members via political & military means”.& military means”.

POLITICALPOLITICAL - NATO promotes democratic - NATO promotes democratic values & encourages values & encourages consultation consultation & & cooperation cooperation on defense and security issues to on defense and security issues to build trust &, in the long run, prevent conflict. build trust &, in the long run, prevent conflict.

MILITARYMILITARY - NATO is committed to the - NATO is committed to the peaceful resolution of disputes. If diplomatic peaceful resolution of disputes. If diplomatic efforts fail, it has the military capacity needed efforts fail, it has the military capacity needed to undertake crisis-management operations. to undertake crisis-management operations. (Article 5 of Washington Treaty)(Article 5 of Washington Treaty)


1.2 Collective Defense1.2 Collective Defense


1.2 Collective Defense 1.2 Collective Defense The principle of collective defense is at the very heart of The principle of collective defense is at the very heart of

NATO’s founding treaty. It remains a unique and enduring NATO’s founding treaty. It remains a unique and enduring principle that binds its members together, committing principle that binds its members together, committing them to protect each other and setting a spirit of solidarity them to protect each other and setting a spirit of solidarity within the Alliance.within the Alliance.

Collective defense means that an attack against one Ally is Collective defense means that an attack against one Ally is considered as an attack against all Allies.considered as an attack against all Allies.

The principle of collective defense is enshrined in Article 5 The principle of collective defense is enshrined in Article 5 of the Washington Treaty.of the Washington Treaty.

NATO invoked Article 5 for the first time in its history after NATO invoked Article 5 for the first time in its history after the 9/11 terrorist attacks against the United States.the 9/11 terrorist attacks against the United States.

NATO has taken collective defense measures on several NATO has taken collective defense measures on several occasions, for instance in response to the situation in Syria occasions, for instance in response to the situation in Syria and in the wake of the Ukraine crisis.and in the wake of the Ukraine crisis.

NATO has standing forces on active duty that contribute to NATO has standing forces on active duty that contribute to the Alliance’s collective defense efforts on a permanent the Alliance’s collective defense efforts on a permanent basis.basis.


1.3 Transatlantic Link1.3 Transatlantic Link


1.3 Transatlantic Link 1.3 Transatlantic Link

NATO is an alliance of countries NATO is an alliance of countries from Europe and North America. It from Europe and North America. It provides a unique link between provides a unique link between these two continents for these two continents for consultationconsultation & & cooperationcooperation in the field of defense in the field of defense and security, and the conduct of and security, and the conduct of multinational crisis-management multinational crisis-management operations.operations.


1.4 The 2010 Strategic 1.4 The 2010 Strategic ConceptConcept


1.4 The 2010 Strategic 1.4 The 2010 Strategic ConceptConcept

Lay down the Alliance’s core tasks Lay down the Alliance’s core tasks & principles, its values, the evolving & principles, its values, the evolving security environment & the security environment & the Alliance’s strategic objectives for the Alliance’s strategic objectives for the next decade. next decade.

Defines NATO’s cores tasks as: Defines NATO’s cores tasks as: collective defense, crisis-collective defense, crisis-management & cooperative security.management & cooperative security.


2. Working Structures2. Working StructuresMember Countries

NATO Delegations Military

Representative

Nuclear Planning Group

North Atlantic Council

Military Committee(International Military Staff)

Allied Command Operations

Allied Command Transformation

Subordinates Committees

Secretary General (International Staff)

Agencies Integrated Military Command Structure


2.1 NATO DELEGATIONS2.1 NATO DELEGATIONS


2.1 NATO DELEGATIONS2.1 NATO DELEGATIONS

Each member country has a Each member country has a permanent delegation at NATO’s permanent delegation at NATO’s political headquarters in Brussels. political headquarters in Brussels.


2.1 NATO DELEGATIONS2.1 NATO DELEGATIONS A status similar to that of an embassy. It is headed by an A status similar to that of an embassy. It is headed by an

“ambassador” or “permanent representative”. “ambassador” or “permanent representative”.

Being in the same building, have ability to maintain formal Being in the same building, have ability to maintain formal & informal contacts with each other, as well as with & informal contacts with each other, as well as with NATO's International Staff, International Military Staff and NATO's International Staff, International Military Staff and representatives of Partner countries, each of which are representatives of Partner countries, each of which are entitled to have a mission at NATO Headquarters.entitled to have a mission at NATO Headquarters.

Effectively, its function is two-fold: to Effectively, its function is two-fold: to representrepresent its its country’s government & country’s government & contributecontribute to the consultation to the consultation process, which allows process, which allows NATO to take collective decisions or NATO to take collective decisions or actionsactions..

They can vary in size & are principally staffed with civil They can vary in size & are principally staffed with civil servants from the ministries of foreign affairs and defense. servants from the ministries of foreign affairs and defense.


2.2 Secretary General2.2 Secretary General


2.2 Secretary General 2.2 Secretary General Is the Alliance’s top international civil Is the Alliance’s top international civil

servant.servant. Is responsible for steering the process of Is responsible for steering the process of

consultation & decision-making within the consultation & decision-making within the Alliance & ensuring that decisions are Alliance & ensuring that decisions are implemented. implemented.

Is also NATO’s chief spokesperson & Is also NATO’s chief spokesperson & heads the Organization's International heads the Organization's International Staff, which provides advice, guidance & Staff, which provides advice, guidance & administrative support to the national administrative support to the national delegations at NATO HQs.delegations at NATO HQs.


2.2 Secretary General2.2 Secretary General

International StaffInternational Staff The IS consists of a staff of 1,000, composed The IS consists of a staff of 1,000, composed

solely of nationals from NATO member solely of nationals from NATO member countries.countries.

It provides advice, guidance and administrative It provides advice, guidance and administrative support to the national delegations at NATO support to the national delegations at NATO Headquarters, Brussels, Belgium.Headquarters, Brussels, Belgium.

It helps implement all decisions taken at any It helps implement all decisions taken at any committee level.committee level.

The IS is headed by the NATO Secretary The IS is headed by the NATO Secretary General.General.


The structure of ISThe structure of IS The Private Office: The Private Office: iincludes a director and staff, ncludes a director and staff,

the Deputy Secretary General, a Policy Planning Unit and the the Deputy Secretary General, a Policy Planning Unit and the

Council SecretariatCouncil Secretariat. . DivisionsDivisions Political Affairs and Security Policy Division Political Affairs and Security Policy Division Defense Policy and Planning Division Defense Policy and Planning Division Operations DivisionOperations Division Defense Investment DivisionDefense Investment Division Emerging Security Challenges Division Emerging Security Challenges Division Public Diplomacy DivisionPublic Diplomacy Division Executive Management Division Executive Management Division

Independent offices: Independent offices: NATO Office of Security & NATO Office of Security &

the NATO Office of Resourcesthe NATO Office of Resources


2.3 Nuclear Planning 2.3 Nuclear Planning GroupGroup


2.3 Nuclear Planning 2.3 Nuclear Planning GroupGroup

Reviews the Alliance's nuclear policy in light of the ever-Reviews the Alliance's nuclear policy in light of the ever-changing security environment.changing security environment.

While the North Atlantic Council is the ultimate authority While the North Atlantic Council is the ultimate authority within NATO, the NPG acts as the senior body on nuclear within NATO, the NPG acts as the senior body on nuclear matters in the Alliance.matters in the Alliance.

Discusses specific policy issues associated with nuclear forces Discusses specific policy issues associated with nuclear forces and wider issues such as nuclear arms control & nuclear and wider issues such as nuclear arms control & nuclear proliferation.proliferation.

All members, with the exception of France which has decided All members, with the exception of France which has decided not to participate, are part of the NPG irrespective of whether not to participate, are part of the NPG irrespective of whether or not they themselves maintain nuclear weapons.or not they themselves maintain nuclear weapons.

Was founded in December 1966 to provide Was founded in December 1966 to provide a consultative a consultative processprocess on nuclear doctrine within NATO. It was initially on nuclear doctrine within NATO. It was initially called the Nuclear Defense Affairs Committee.called the Nuclear Defense Affairs Committee.


2.4 North Atlantic 2.4 North Atlantic CouncilCouncil



Is the principal political decision-Is the principal political decision-making body at NATO. making body at NATO.

Each member country has a seat there. Each member country has a seat there. It meets at least once a week or It meets at least once a week or

whenever the need arises, whenever the need arises, at different levels. at different levels.

It is chaired by the Secretary General, It is chaired by the Secretary General, who helps members reach agreement who helps members reach agreement on key issues.on key issues.



Working Procedures Working Procedures

Preparing the Council’s Work Preparing the Council’s Work (subcommittees)(subcommittees)

Supporting the council (Secretary of Supporting the council (Secretary of Council, Secretariat & International Council, Secretariat & International Staff)Staff)


2.5 Subordinate 2.5 Subordinate Committees Committees

It is a network of committees It is a network of committees

Deals with all subjects on its agenda, Deals with all subjects on its agenda, from political to more technical issuesfrom political to more technical issues

Bringing national representatives & Bringing national representatives & experts from all NATO member experts from all NATO member countries together on a regular basis.countries together on a regular basis.


2.6 Military 2.6 Military RepresentativesRepresentatives

When the implementation of political decisions has When the implementation of political decisions has military implications, the key actors involved are: military implications, the key actors involved are:

Military CommitteeMilitary Committee, composed of the Chiefs of , composed of the Chiefs of Defense of NATO member countries; the Defense of NATO member countries; the International Military Staff, the Military Committee’s International Military Staff, the Military Committee’s executive body;executive body;

Military command structureMilitary command structure, composed of , composed of Allied Allied Command OperationsCommand Operations & & Allied Command Allied Command Transformation. Transformation.

NATO has very few permanent forces of its own. NATO has very few permanent forces of its own. When an operation is agreed by the NAC, members When an operation is agreed by the NAC, members contribute forces on a voluntary basis. These forces contribute forces on a voluntary basis. These forces return to their countries once the mission is return to their countries once the mission is completed.completed.


Military CommitteeMilitary Committee



Military Committee:Military Committee:

The Military Committee (MC) is the senior military authority The Military Committee (MC) is the senior military authority in NATO.in NATO.

It is the primary source of military advice to the North It is the primary source of military advice to the North Atlantic Council (NAC) & the Nuclear Planning Group, & Atlantic Council (NAC) & the Nuclear Planning Group, & assists in developing strategic policy and concepts.assists in developing strategic policy and concepts.

It also provides guidance to the two Strategic Commanders – It also provides guidance to the two Strategic Commanders – Allied Command Operations & Allied Command Allied Command Operations & Allied Command Transformation.Transformation.

The Military Committee, chaired by the Chairman of the The Military Committee, chaired by the Chairman of the Military Committee, provides an essential link between the Military Committee, provides an essential link between the political decision-making process and the military structure political decision-making process and the military structure of NATO.of NATO.

It meets at the level of Military Representatives shortly after It meets at the level of Military Representatives shortly after meetings of the NAC to follow up on Council decisions, and meetings of the NAC to follow up on Council decisions, and at the level of Chiefs of Defense Staff three times a year.at the level of Chiefs of Defense Staff three times a year.


Allied Command OperationsAllied Command Operations



Allied Command OperationsAllied Command Operations

Located at SHAPE in Mons, Belgium. Located at SHAPE in Mons, Belgium. Is responsible for planning & execution of all NATO Is responsible for planning & execution of all NATO

military operations.military operations. The command’s aim is to maintain the integrity of Alliance The command’s aim is to maintain the integrity of Alliance

territory, safeguard freedom of the seas & economic territory, safeguard freedom of the seas & economic lifelines & preserve or restore the security of its members.lifelines & preserve or restore the security of its members.

Is one of two strategic commands at the head of NATO’s Is one of two strategic commands at the head of NATO’s military command structure.military command structure.

Consists of small number of permanently established Consists of small number of permanently established headquarters operating at the strategic, operational & headquarters operating at the strategic, operational & tactical levels.tactical levels.

Is headed by the Supreme Allied Commander Europe, or Is headed by the Supreme Allied Commander Europe, or SACEUR, who exercises his responsibilities from SHAPE.SACEUR, who exercises his responsibilities from SHAPE.


Allied Command Allied Command TransformationTransformation



Allied Command TransformationAllied Command Transformation

Leads the transformation of NATO’s military structure, Leads the transformation of NATO’s military structure, forces, capabilities & doctrine.forces, capabilities & doctrine.

Is mainly responsible for education, training & exercises, Is mainly responsible for education, training & exercises, conducting experiments to assess new concepts & conducting experiments to assess new concepts & promoting interoperability throughout NATO.promoting interoperability throughout NATO.

Is one of two strategic commands at the head of NATO’s Is one of two strategic commands at the head of NATO’s military command structure.military command structure.

Directs a small number of subordinate commands & has Directs a small number of subordinate commands & has strong links with educational and training facilities, as well strong links with educational and training facilities, as well as with the Pentagon, other national entities & the NATO as with the Pentagon, other national entities & the NATO Force Structure in general.Force Structure in general.

Headed by the Supreme Allied Commander Headed by the Supreme Allied Commander Transformation, or SACT, who exercises his Transformation, or SACT, who exercises his responsibilities from headquarters in Norfolk, Virginia, the responsibilities from headquarters in Norfolk, Virginia, the United States.United States.


2.7 NATO Agencies & 2.7 NATO Agencies & Orgs Orgs

Are a vital mechanism for procuring Are a vital mechanism for procuring and sustaining capabilities collectively. and sustaining capabilities collectively.

Specialize in technical fields that Specialize in technical fields that complement and form an integral part complement and form an integral part of NATO’s agenda: procurement, of NATO’s agenda: procurement, support & communications & support & communications & information.information.


3. Decisions & 3. Decisions & ConsultationConsultation



All NATO All NATO decisions are made by consensusdecisions are made by consensus, , after discussion & consultation among member after discussion & consultation among member countries. countries.

A A decision reached by consensusdecision reached by consensus is an is an agreement reached by common consent, a agreement reached by common consent, a decision that is accepted by each member decision that is accepted by each member country. This means that when a "NATO country. This means that when a "NATO decision" is announced, it is the expression of decision" is announced, it is the expression of the the collective will of all the sovereign statescollective will of all the sovereign states that are members of the Alliance.that are members of the Alliance.

This principle is applied at every committee This principle is applied at every committee level, & demonstrates clearly that NATO level, & demonstrates clearly that NATO decisions are collective decisions made by its decisions are collective decisions made by its member countries.member countries.



How this principle is applied? How this principle is applied? Consensus decision-makingConsensus decision-making means that there is means that there is no votingno voting

at NATO. at NATO. Consultations take place until a decision that is Consultations take place until a decision that is acceptable to all is reachedacceptable to all is reached. Sometimes member countries . Sometimes member countries agree to disagree on an issue. In general, this negotiation agree to disagree on an issue. In general, this negotiation process is rapid since members consult each other on a process is rapid since members consult each other on a regular basis and therefore often know and understand regular basis and therefore often know and understand each other's positions in advance.each other's positions in advance.

Facilitating the process of consultation is one of the NATO Facilitating the process of consultation is one of the NATO Secretary General's main tasks.Secretary General's main tasks.

The The consensus principleconsensus principle applies throughout NATO. applies throughout NATO.

The origins of this principleThe origins of this principle Consensus has been accepted as the sole basis for Consensus has been accepted as the sole basis for

decision-making in NATO, since the creation of the decision-making in NATO, since the creation of the Alliance in 1949.Alliance in 1949.


3.1 The Consultation 3.1 The Consultation ProcessProcess



Consultation is a key part of NATO’s decision-making process Consultation is a key part of NATO’s decision-making process since all decisions are made by consensus, after discussion since all decisions are made by consensus, after discussion and consultation among members.and consultation among members.

In Article 4 of NATO’s founding treaty, members are In Article 4 of NATO’s founding treaty, members are encouraged to bring subjects to the table for discussion within encouraged to bring subjects to the table for discussion within the North Atlantic Council, the principal forum for political the North Atlantic Council, the principal forum for political consultation.consultation.

Since the Alliance’s creation in 1949, Article 4 has been Since the Alliance’s creation in 1949, Article 4 has been invoked several times, for instance by Turkey in 2013 and invoked several times, for instance by Turkey in 2013 and Poland in 2014.Poland in 2014.

Consultation regularly takes place within the existing network Consultation regularly takes place within the existing network of committees and working groups, which derive their of committees and working groups, which derive their authority from the Council.authority from the Council.

Consultation gives NATO an active role in preventive Consultation gives NATO an active role in preventive diplomacy by providing the means to help avoid military diplomacy by providing the means to help avoid military conflict.conflict.



Consultations take place on all subjects of interest to the Consultations take place on all subjects of interest to the Alliance: This prerogative is outlined in Article 4 of NATO’s Alliance: This prerogative is outlined in Article 4 of NATO’s founding treaty: “founding treaty: “The Parties will consult together whenever, in The Parties will consult together whenever, in the opinion of any of them, the territorial integrity, political the opinion of any of them, the territorial integrity, political independence or security of any of the Parties is threatenedindependence or security of any of the Parties is threatened.”.”

The consultation process is therefore at the heart of NATO. It The consultation process is therefore at the heart of NATO. It reinforces the Alliance’s political dimension by giving members reinforces the Alliance’s political dimension by giving members the opportunity to voice opinions and official positions, and it also the opportunity to voice opinions and official positions, and it also gives NATO an active role in preventive diplomacy by providing gives NATO an active role in preventive diplomacy by providing the means to help avoid military conflict.the means to help avoid military conflict.

Consultation is continuous and takes place both on a formal and Consultation is continuous and takes place both on a formal and informal basis. It can happen quickly due to the fact that all informal basis. It can happen quickly due to the fact that all member states have permanent delegations at NATO member states have permanent delegations at NATO Headquarters in Brussels.Headquarters in Brussels.

Governments can come together at short notice whenever Governments can come together at short notice whenever necessary, often with prior knowledge of their respective national necessary, often with prior knowledge of their respective national preoccupations, in order to agree on common policies or take preoccupations, in order to agree on common policies or take action on the basis of consensus. action on the basis of consensus.

NATO’s network of committees facilitates consultation by NATO’s network of committees facilitates consultation by enabling government officials, experts and administrators to enabling government officials, experts and administrators to come together on a daily basis to discuss a broad range issues.come together on a daily basis to discuss a broad range issues.


3.2 Forms of 3.2 Forms of ConsultationConsultation

The political dimension of NATOThe political dimension of NATO In April 1954, a resolution on political consultation was adopted:In April 1954, a resolution on political consultation was adopted:

““... all member governments should bear constantly in mind the desirability of ... all member governments should bear constantly in mind the desirability of bringing to the attention of the Council information on international political bringing to the attention of the Council information on international political developments whenever they are of concern to other members of the Council or to the developments whenever they are of concern to other members of the Council or to the Organization as a whole; and (...) the Council in permanent session should from time Organization as a whole; and (...) the Council in permanent session should from time to time consider what specific subject might be suitable for political consultation at to time consider what specific subject might be suitable for political consultation at one of its subsequent meetings when its members should be in a position to express one of its subsequent meetings when its members should be in a position to express the views of their governments on the subject.” C-M(54)38.the views of their governments on the subject.” C-M(54)38.

The resolution, which was put forward by Canada and immediately approved, The resolution, which was put forward by Canada and immediately approved, provoked nonetheless a reaction from the American representative:provoked nonetheless a reaction from the American representative:

““Mr. Dulles (United States) supported the Canadian resolution on the understanding Mr. Dulles (United States) supported the Canadian resolution on the understanding that consultation would be limited within the bounds of common sense. Countries like that consultation would be limited within the bounds of common sense. Countries like his own with world-wide interests might find it difficult to consult other NATO his own with world-wide interests might find it difficult to consult other NATO governments in every case. For a sudden emergency, it was more important to take governments in every case. For a sudden emergency, it was more important to take action than to discuss the emergency. In other words, consultation should be regarded action than to discuss the emergency. In other words, consultation should be regarded as a means to an end, rather than an end in itself.” (C-R(54)18).as a means to an end, rather than an end in itself.” (C-R(54)18).

““Animus in consulendo liber”Animus in consulendo liber” Renderings in English have ranged from the cryptic Renderings in English have ranged from the cryptic “in discussion a “in discussion a

free mind”free mind” to the more complex to the more complex “Man’s mind ranges unrestrained in “Man’s mind ranges unrestrained in counsel”.counsel”.


3.2 Forms of 3.2 Forms of ConsultationConsultation

consultation & consensus were accepted consultation & consensus were accepted as the basis for all NATO decisions when as the basis for all NATO decisions when the Alliance was created in 1949 the Alliance was created in 1949

Three levelsThree levels: : 1. Exchange of Information & Opinions 1. Exchange of Information & Opinions 2. Communication of Actions/Decisions, 2. Communication of Actions/Decisions,

which governments have already which governments have already taken/may be about to taketaken/may be about to take

3. Discussion with the aim of reaching a 3. Discussion with the aim of reaching a consensus on policies to be consensus on policies to be accepted/actions to be takenaccepted/actions to be taken


3.3 Political Consultation3.3 Political Consultation

The principal forum for political The principal forum for political consultation is the consultation is the North Atlantic Council, North Atlantic Council, the NACthe NAC. The NAC is NATO’s principal . The NAC is NATO’s principal political decision-making committee. The political decision-making committee. The Secretary General, by virtue of his Secretary General, by virtue of his chairmanship, plays an essential part in chairmanship, plays an essential part in this process. Consultation also takes place this process. Consultation also takes place on a regular basis in other fora, including on a regular basis in other fora, including NATO committees and working groups. All NATO committees and working groups. All of these bodies derive their authority from of these bodies derive their authority from the Council. the Council.


3.3 Political Consultation3.3 Political Consultation NATO Delegations Contributing NATO Delegations Contributing

to the consultation processto the consultation process

Consultation is ultimately designed Consultation is ultimately designed to enable member countries to to enable member countries to arrive at mutually acceptable arrive at mutually acceptable agreements on collective decisions agreements on collective decisions or on action by the Alliance as a or on action by the Alliance as a whole.whole.


3.4 Political Decision-3.4 Political Decision-MakingMaking The North Atlantic Council (NAC) is the principal political The North Atlantic Council (NAC) is the principal political

decision-making body within NATO.decision-making body within NATO.

NAC Effective political authority & powers of decision.NAC Effective political authority & powers of decision.

Policies decided in the NAC are the expression of the collective Policies decided in the NAC are the expression of the collective will of all member countries of the Alliance since decisions are will of all member countries of the Alliance since decisions are made on the basis of unanimity and common accord.made on the basis of unanimity and common accord.

The NAC is chaired by the Secretary General and its decisions The NAC is chaired by the Secretary General and its decisions have the same status and validity at whichever level it meets.have the same status and validity at whichever level it meets.

It is the only body that was established by the North Atlantic It is the only body that was established by the North Atlantic Treaty (Article 9) in 1949 and that has the authority to set up Treaty (Article 9) in 1949 and that has the authority to set up subsidiary bodies, as deemed necessary.subsidiary bodies, as deemed necessary.

The Nuclear Planning Group has comparable authority to the The Nuclear Planning Group has comparable authority to the NAC for matters within its specific area of competence, i.e., NAC for matters within its specific area of competence, i.e., nuclear policies, planning and consultation proceduresnuclear policies, planning and consultation procedures


Conclusion Conclusion NATO composed of political & military NATO composed of political & military

component component Decision-making in political level Decision-making in political level Advising on military level Advising on military level Military component when diplomacy fails Military component when diplomacy fails Consensus as sole tool of decision-makingConsensus as sole tool of decision-making Cooperation among civilian & military Cooperation among civilian & military

dimension in all matters affecting member dimension in all matters affecting member statesstates

Building integrated system Building integrated system

Ratela Asllani, December 2014 1 Inside NATO, Consensus Building & Decision Making Presented by:...

Documents

Transcript of Ratela Asllani, December 2014 1 Inside NATO, Consensus Building & Decision Making Presented by:...