Rashes

Islamic University Nursing College

Chicken-pox

1-Chicken-pox , Varicella zoster virus2-Crops of vesicles mainly on the trunk and head.

- Pass through various stages of papule, vesicle, pustule and crust .

3-Symptomatic :analgesia – paracetamol for discomfort and pyrexia.

- pruritis – antihistamine or calamine lotion - acyclovir only for those at risk of complications or

immunocompromised .

Chicken-pox

Impetigo

• 1-Staph areus and streptococcal pyogenes• 2-Thin–roofed vesicles or bullae surrounded by

narrow margin of erythema. The vesicles /bullae rupture to release thin cloudy yellow fluid. This fluid dries to form thick yellow crusts.

• 3-topical-bactroban(mupirocin) ointment/betadine cream

- antibiotics – flucloxacillin or erythromycin

SLIDE 2Impetigo

Erythema Multiforme Steven-Johnson Syndrome (mucous membrane

(involvement

1-Drug most commonly associated-Allopurinol5

Recent drugs- Nevirapine, lamotrigine, sertraline, pantoprazole, tramadol

Antibiotics- Sulphonamides, including co-trimoxazole, penicillin cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, vancomycin

NSAIDs- Piroxicam, fenbufen, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen, tenoxicam, diclofenac, sulindac

Anti-TB- Rifampicin, ethambutol, isoniazid, pyrazinamide Anticonvulsants- Barbiturates, carbamazepine, phenytoin, valproate,

lamotrigine

- Infective herpes simplex

2-target lesion –round ,erythematous papules contain central blister or darker area of necrosis

Erythema Multiforme

Scabies1-Mite –sarcoptes scabeii

2- Clothes, towels, and bed linen should be machine-washed (at 50 degrees Celsius or above) to prevent re-infestation and transmission. Items that cannot be washed can be kept in plastic bags for at least 72 hours to contain the mites until they die.

- benzyl benzoate lotion ,apply for 24hours ,may be repeated in 1 week

- permethrin cream

Antiscabial soap alone is not an effective treatment

Babies <2 months -5% sulphur ointment

Scabies

1-Measles2-Single stranded RNA Morbillivirus from the paramyxovirus family.

3- Symptoms

• Prodrome - lasts 2-4 days with fever, runny nose, mild conjunctivitis and diarrhoea. Koplik spots are pathognomic and appear on the buccal mucosa opposite the second molar teeth as small, red spots each with a bluish-white speck (sometimes compared to a grain of rice) in the centre.6 They occur in 60-70% of patients during the prodrome and for up to 2-3 days before the onset of the rash.

• Rash - (morbilliform = measles-like) first seen on forehead and neck and spreads, involves trunk and finally limbs over 3-4 days. It may become confluent in some areas. Rash then fades after 3-4 days in the order of its appearance. It leaves behind a brownish discoloration sometimes accompanied by fine desquamation.

4-Uncomplicated measles is usually self-limiting and treatment is mainly symptomatic with paracetamol or ibuprofen and plenty of fluids. Patients should remain at home to limit disease spread.

It is a notifyable disease

Measles