Rare and Extirpated Biota and Natural Communities of...

Rare and Extirpated Biota and Natural Communities

of Kentucky

May 2012

Abstract

The Kentucky State Nature Preserves Commission has updated and revised the lists of rare and

extinct or extirpated biota. This is the most current list of statuses available and represents an

updated version of the formal list last published in the Journal of the Kentucky Academy of

Science in 2010. The list is based on a standard methodology now utilized by NatureServe.

Natural communities have been included in this update. The newly revised lists include one

lichen, 387 vascular plant and lesser taxa, 347 animal taxa, and 36 natural communities

considered rare (Table 1). Twenty-one plant and 46 animal taxa are considered extirpated or

extinct from Kentucky (Table 2).

Kentucky State Nature Preserves Commission

801 Schenkel Lane

Frankfort, KY 40601-1403

Phone (502) 573-2886 Fax (502) 573-2355

http://naturepreserves.ky.gov

Table 1. Kentucky's endangered, threatened, special concern, and historical biota and natural communities, 2012.

US KSNPC Status Status

US KSNPC

Lichens

Phaeophyscia leana --E

Lea's Bog Lichen

Plants

Liverworts

Plagiochila caduciloba --E

Gorge Leafy Liverwort

1Mosses

Abietinella abietina --T

Wire Fern Moss

Anomodon rugelii --T

Brachythecium populeum --E

Matted Feather Moss

Bryum cyclophyllum --E

Bryum miniatum --E

Cirriphyllum piliferum --T

Dicranodontium asperulum --E

Entodon brevisetus --E

Herzogiella turfacea --E

Neckera pennata --T

Oncophorus raui --E

Orthotrichum diaphanum --E

Polytrichum pallidisetum --T

A Hair Cap Moss

Polytrichum piliferum --E

Polytrichum strictum --E

Sphagnum quinquefarium --E

Five-ranked Bogmoss

Tortula norvegica --E

Tortula

Vascular Plants

Acer spicatum --E

Mountain Maple

Aconitum uncinatum --T

Blue Monkshood

Adiantum capillus-veneris --T

Southern Maidenhair-fern

Adlumia fungosa --H

Allegheny-vine

Aesculus pavia --T

Red Buckeye

Agalinis auriculata --E

Earleaf False Foxglove

Agalinis obtusifolia --E

Ten-lobe False Foxglove

Agalinis skinneriana --H

Pale False Foxglove

Ageratina luciae-brauniae --S

Lucy Braun's White Snakeroot

Agrimonia gryposepala --T

Tall Hairy Groovebur

Amianthium muscitoxicum --E

Fly Poison

Angelica atropurpurea --E

Great Angelica

Angelica triquinata --E

Filmy Angelica

Apios priceana LTE

Price's Potato-bean

Arabis hirsuta --H

Western Hairy Rockcress

Arabis missouriensis --H

Missouri Rockcress

Arabis perstellata LET

Braun's Rockcress

Aralia nudicaulis --E

Wild Sarsaparilla

Aristida ramosissima --H

Branched Three-awn Grass

Armoracia lacustris --T

Lakecress

Aureolaria patula --S

Spreading False Foxglove

Baptisia australis var. minor --S

Blue Wild Indigo

Baptisia bracteata var. glabrescens --S

Cream Wild Indigo

Baptisia tinctoria --T

Yellow Wild Indigo

Bartonia virginica --T

Yellow Screwstem

Berberis canadensis --E

American Barberry

Berchemia scandens --T

Supple-jack

Bolboschoenus fluviatilis --E

River Bulrush

Botrychium matricariifolium --E

Matricary Grape-fern

Table 1. Continued.


US KSNPC

Botrychium oneidense --H

Blunt-lobe Grape-fern

Bouteloua curtipendula --S

Side-oats Grama

Boykinia aconitifolia --E

Brook Saxifrage

Cabomba caroliniana --T

Carolina Fanwort

Calamagrostis canadensis var. macouniana --H

Blue-joint Reedgrass

Calamagrostis porteri ssp. insperata --E

Bent Reedgrass

Calamagrostis porteri ssp. porteri --T

Porter's Reedgrass

Calamovilfa arcuata --E

Cumberland sandgrass

Calopogon tuberosus --E

Grass Pink

Calycanthus floridus var. glaucus --T

Eastern Sweetshrub

Calylophus serrulatus --H

Yellow Evening Primrose

Carex aestivalis --E

Summer Sedge

Carex alata --T

Broadwing Sedge

Carex appalachica --T

Appalachian Sedge

Carex atlantica ssp. capillacea --E

Prickly Bog Sedge

Carex austrocaroliniana --S

Tarheel Sedge

Carex buxbaumii --E

Brown Bog Sedge

Carex comosa --H

Bristly Sedge

Carex crawei --S

Crawe's Sedge

Carex crebriflora --E

Coastal Plain Sedge

Carex decomposita --T

Epiphytic Sedge

Carex gigantea --E

Large Sedge

Carex hystericina --H

Porcupine Sedge

Carex joorii --E

Cypress-swamp Sedge

Carex juniperorum --E

Juniper Sedge

Carex leptonervia --E

Finely-nerved Sedge

Carex pellita --H

Woolly Sedge

Carex reniformis --E

Reniform Sedge

Carex roanensis --E

Roan Mountain Sedge

Carex seorsa --T

Weak Stellate Sedge

Carex stipata var. maxima --H

Stalkgrain Sedge

Carex straminea --T

Straw Sedge

Carex tetanica --E

Rigid Sedge

Carex tonsa var. rugosperma --T

Umbel-like Sedge

Carya aquatica --T

Water Hickory

Castanea dentata --E

American Chestnut

Castanea pumila --T

Allegheny Chinkapin

Castilleja coccinea --E

Scarlet Indian Paintbrush

Cayaponia quinqueloba --E

Five-lobe Cucumber

Ceanothus herbaceus --T

Prairie Redroot

Cheilanthes alabamensis --H

Alabama Lipfern

Cheilanthes feei --E

Fee's Lipfern

Chelone obliqua var. obliqua --E

Red Turtlehead

Chelone obliqua var. speciosa --S

Rose Turtlehead

Chrysogonum virginianum --E

Green-and-gold

Chrysosplenium americanum --T

American Golden-saxifrage

Cimicifuga rubifolia --T

Appalachian Bugbane

Circaea alpina --S

Small Enchanter's Nightshade

Clematis catesbyana --H

Satin-curls

Clematis crispa --T

Blue Jasmine Leather-flower

Collinsonia verticillata --E

Whorled Horse-balm

Comptonia peregrina --E

Sweet-fern

Conradina verticillata LTE

Cumberland Rosemary

Convallaria montana --E

American Lily-of-the-valley

Table 1. Continued.


US KSNPC

Corallorhiza maculata --E

Spotted Coralroot

Coreopsis pubescens --S

Star Tickseed

Corydalis sempervirens --S

Rock Harlequin

Cymophyllus fraserianus --E

Fraser's Sedge

Cyperus plukenetii --H

Plukenet's Cyperus

Cypripedium candidum --E

Small White Lady's-slipper

Cypripedium kentuckiense --E

Kentucky Lady's-slipper

Cypripedium parviflorum --T

Small Yellow Lady's-slipper

Dalea purpurea --S

Purple Prairie-clover

Delphinium carolinianum --T

Carolina Larkspur

Deschampsia cespitosa --E

Tufted Hairgrass

Deschampsia flexuosa --T

Crinkled Hairgrass

Dichanthelium boreale --S

Northern Witchgrass

Didiplis diandra --E

Water-purslane

Dodecatheon frenchii --S

French's Shooting Star

Draba cuneifolia --E

Wedge-leaf Whitlow-grass

Drosera brevifolia --E

Dwarf Sundew

Drosera intermedia --E

Spoon-leaved Sundew

Dryopteris carthusiana --S

Spinulose Wood Fern

Echinodorus berteroi --T

Burhead

Echinodorus tenellus var. parvulus --E

Dwarf Burhead

Eleocharis flavescens --S

Bright Green Spikerush

Elodea nuttallii --T

Western Waterweed

Elymus svensonii --T

Svenson's Wildrye

Eriophorum virginicum --E

Tawny Cotton-grass

Eryngium integrifolium --E

Blue-flower Coyote-thistle

Erysimum capitatum var. capitatum --E

Western Wallflower

Erythronium rostratum --S

Yellow Troutlily

Eupatorium maculatum --H

Spotted Joe-pye-weed

Eupatorium semiserratum --E

Small-flower Thoroughwort

Eupatorium steelei --T

Steele's Joe-pye-weed

Euphorbia mercurialina --T

Mercury Spurge

Eurybia hemispherica --E

Tennessee Aster

Eurybia radula --E

Rough-leaved Aster

Eurybia saxicastellii --T

Rockcastle Aster

Fimbristylis perpusilla --S

Harper's fimbry

Fimbristylis puberula --T

Chestnut Sedge

Forestiera ligustrina --T

Upland Privet

Gaylussacia ursina --T

Bear huckleberry

Gentiana decora --S

Showy Gentian

Gentiana flavida --E

Yellow Gentian

Gentiana puberulenta --E

Prairie Gentian

Gleditsia aquatica --S

Water Locust

Glyceria acutiflora --E

Sharp-scaled Manna-grass

Goodyera repens --E

Lesser rattlesnake-plantain

Gratiola pilosa --T

Shaggy Hedgehyssop

Gratiola quartermaniae --H

Quarterman's Hedge-hyssop

Gratiola viscidula --S

Short's Hedgehyssop

Gymnopogon ambiguus --S

Bearded Skeleton-grass

Gymnopogon brevifolius --E

Shortleaf Skeleton-grass

Halesia carolina --E

Common Silverbell

Hedeoma hispidum --T

Rough Pennyroyal

Helianthemum bicknellii --E

Plains Frostweed

Helianthemum canadense --E

Canada Frostweed

Table 1. Continued.


US KSNPC

Helianthus eggertii --T

Eggert's Sunflower

Helianthus silphioides --E

Silphium Sunflower

Heracleum lanatum --H

Cow-parsnip

Heteranthera dubia --S

Grassleaf Mud-plantain

Heteranthera limosa --S

Blue Mud-plantain

Heterotheca subaxillaris var. latifolia --T

Broad-leaf Golden-aster

Hexastylis contracta --E

Southern Heartleaf

Hieracium longipilum --T

Hairy Hawkweed

Houstonia serpyllifolia --E

Michaux's Bluets

Hydrocotyle ranunculoides --E

Floating Pennywort

Hydrolea ovata --E

Ovate Fiddleleaf

Hydrolea uniflora --E

One-flower Fiddleleaf

Hydrophyllum virginianum --T

Eastern Waterleaf

Hypericum adpressum --H

Creeping St. John's-wort

Hypericum crux-andreae --T

St. Peter's-wort

Hypericum pseudomaculatum --H

Large Spotted St. John's-wort

Iris brevicaulis --T

Zigzag Iris

Iris fulva --E

Copper Iris

Isoetes butleri --E

Butler's Quillwort

Isoetes melanopoda --E

Blackfoot Quillwort

Juglans cinerea --T

White Walnut

Juncus articulatus --S

Jointed Rush

Juncus elliottii --H

Bog Rush

Juncus filipendulus --T

Ringseed Rush

Juniperus communis var. depressa --T

Ground Juniper

Koeleria macrantha --E

Prairie Junegrass

Krigia occidentalis --E

Western Dwarf Dandelion

Lathyrus palustris --T

Vetchling Peavine

Lathyrus venosus --S

Smooth Veiny Peavine

Leavenworthia exigua var. laciniata CE

Kentucky Gladecress

Leavenworthia torulosa --T

Necklace Gladecress

Lespedeza capitata --S

Round-head Bush-clover

Lespedeza stuevei --T

Tall Bush-clover

Lesquerella globosa CE

Globe Bladderpod

Lesquerella lescurii --H

Lescur's Bladderpod

Leucothoe recurva --E

Red-twig Doghobble

Liatris cylindracea --T

Slender Blazingstar

Lilium philadelphicum --T

Wood Lily

Lilium superbum --T

Turk's Cap Lily

Limnobium spongia --T

American Frog's-bit

Liparis loeselii --T

Loesel's Twayblade

Listera australis --H

Southern Twayblade

Listera smallii --T

Kidney-leaf Twayblade

Lobelia gattingeri --E

Gattinger's Lobelia

Lobelia nuttallii --T

Nuttall's Lobelia

Lonicera dioica var. orientalis --E

Wild Honeysuckle

Lonicera reticulata --T

Grape Honeysuckle

Ludwigia hirtella --E

Hairy Ludwigia

Lycopodiella appressa --E

Southern Bog Clubmoss

Lycopodiella inundata --E

Northern Bog Clubmoss

Lycopodium clavatum --E

Running Pine

Lysimachia terrestris --E

Swamp Candles

Magnolia pyramidata --H

Pyramid Magnolia

Maianthemum canadense --T

Wild Lily-of-the-valley

Table 1. Continued.


US KSNPC

Maianthemum stellatum --E

Starflower False Solomon's-seal

Malus ioensis --S

Iowa Crabapple

Malvastrum hispidum --T

Hispid Falsemallow

Marshallia grandiflora --E

Barbara's Buttons

Matelea carolinensis --E

Carolina Anglepod

Melampyrum lineare var. latifolium --T

American Cowwheat

Melampyrum lineare var. pectinatum --H

American Cow-wheat

Melanthera nivea --S

Snow Squarestem

Melanthium virginicum --E

Virginia Bunchflower

Minuartia cumberlandensis LEE

Cumberland Sandwort

Minuartia glabra --T

Appalachian Sandwort

Mirabilis albida --H

Pale Umbrella-wort

Monotropsis odorata --T

Sweet Pinesap

Muhlenbergia bushii --E

Bush's Muhly

Muhlenbergia cuspidata --T

Plains Muhly

Muhlenbergia glabrifloris --S

Hair Grass

Myriophyllum heterophyllum --S

Broadleaf Water-milfoil

Myriophyllum pinnatum --H

Cutleaf Water-milfoil

Najas gracillima --S

Thread-like Naiad

Nemophila aphylla --T

Small-flower Baby-blue-eyes

Nestronia umbellula --E

Conjurer's-nut

Oclemena acuminata --T

Whorled Aster

Oenothera linifolia --E

Thread-leaf Sundrops

Oenothera oakesiana --H

Evening Primrose

Oenothera perennis --E

Small Sundrops

Oenothera triloba --T

Stemless Evening-primrose

Oldenlandia uniflora --E

Clustered Bluets

Onosmodium hispidissimum --E

Hairy False Gromwell

Onosmodium molle --H

Soft-hairy False-gromwell

Onosmodium occidentale --E

Western False Gromwell

Orobanche ludoviciana --H

Louisiana Broomrape

Orontium aquaticum --T

Golden Club

Oxalis macrantha --H

Price's Yellow Wood Sorrel

Parnassia asarifolia --E

Kidneyleaf Grass-of-parnassus

Parnassia grandifolia --E

Large-leaved Grass-of-parnassus

Paronychia argyrocoma --E

Silverling

Paspalum boscianum --S

Bull Paspalum

Paxistima canbyi --T

Canby's Mountain-lover

Perideridia americana --T

Eastern Yampah

Phacelia ranunculacea --S

Blue Scorpion-weed

Philadelphus inodorus --T

Mock Orange

Philadelphus pubescens --E

Hoary Mock Orange

Phlox bifida ssp. bifida --T

Cleft Phlox

Phlox bifida ssp. stellaria --E

Starry-cleft Phlox

Platanthera cristata --T

Yellow-crested Orchid

Platanthera integrilabia CE

White Fringeless Orchid

Platanthera psycodes --E

Small Purple-fringed Orchid

Poa saltuensis --E

Drooping Bluegrass

Podostemum ceratophyllum --S

Threadfoot

Pogonia ophioglossoides --E

Rose Pogonia

Polygala cruciata --E

Crossleaf Milkwort

Polygala nuttallii --H

Nuttall's Milkwort

Polygala paucifolia --E

Gaywings

Polygala polygama --T

Racemed Milkwort

Table 1. Continued.


US KSNPC

Polymnia laevigata --E

Tennessee Leafcup

Pontederia cordata --T

Pickerel-weed

Potamogeton amplifolius --E

Large-leaf Pondweed

Potamogeton illinoensis --S

Illinois Pondweed

Potamogeton pulcher --T

Spotted Pondweed

Prenanthes alba --E

White Rattlesnake-root

Prenanthes aspera --E

Rough Rattlesnake-root

Prenanthes barbata --E

Barbed Rattlesnake-root

Prenanthes crepidinea --S

Nodding Rattlesnake-root

Prenanthes racemosa --S

Glaucous Rattlesnake-root

Prosartes maculata --S

Nodding Mandarin

Pseudognaphalium helleri ssp. micradenium --H

Small Rabbit-tobacco

Psoralidium tenuiflorum --H

Few-flowered Scurf-pea

Ptilimnium capillaceum --T

Mock Bishop's-weed

Ptilimnium costatum --E

Eastern Mock Bishop's-weed

Ptilimnium nuttallii --E

Nuttall's Mock Bishop's-weed

Pycnanthemum albescens --H

Whiteleaf Mountainmint

Pycnanthemum muticum --E

Blunt Mountainmint

Quercus ilicifolia --H

Scrub oak

Quercus nigra --T

Water Oak

Quercus texana --T

Nuttall's Oak

Ranunculus ambigens --S

Waterplantain Spearwort

Rhododendron canescens --E

Hoary Azalea

Rhynchosia tomentosa --E

Hairy Snoutbean

Rhynchospora macrostachya --E

Tall Beaked-rush

Rhynchospora recognita --S

Globe Beaked-rush

Ribes americanum --T

Eastern Black Currant

Rubus canadensis --E

Smooth Blackberry

Rudbeckia subtomentosa --E

Sweet Coneflower

Sabatia campanulata --E

Slender Marsh Pink

Sagina fontinalis --E

Water Stitchwort

Sagittaria graminea --T

Grassleaf Arrowhead

Sagittaria platyphylla --E

Delta Arrowhead

Sagittaria rigida --E

Sessile-fruited Arrowhead

Salix amygdaloides --H

Peach-leaved Willow

Salix discolor --H

Pussy Willow

Salvia urticifolia --E

Nettle-leaf Sage

Sambucus racemosa ssp. pubens --E

Red Elderberry

Sanguisorba canadensis --E

Canada Burnet

Saxifraga michauxii --T

Michaux's Saxifrage

Saxifraga micranthidifolia --E

Lettuce-leaf Saxifrage

Schisandra glabra --E

Bay Starvine

Schizachne purpurascens --T

Purple Oat

Schoenoplectus hallii --E

Hall's Bulrush

Schoenoplectus heterochaetus --H

Slender Bulrush

Schwalbea americana LEH

Chaffseed

Scirpus expansus --E

Woodland Beakrush

Scutellaria arguta --E

Hairy Skullcap

Scutellaria saxatilis --T

Rock Skullcap

Sedum telephioides --T

Allegheny Stonecrop

Sida hermaphrodita --T

Virginia Mallow

Silene ovata --E

Ovate Catchfly

Silene regia --E

Royal Catchfly

Silphium laciniatum --T

Compassplant

Table 1. Continued.


US KSNPC

Silphium pinnatifidum --S

Tansy Rosinweed

Silphium wasiotense --S

Appalachian Rosinweed

Solidago albopilosa LTT

White-haired Goldenrod

Solidago buckleyi --S

Buckley's Goldenrod

Solidago curtisii --S

Curtis' Goldenrod

Solidago gracillima --S

Southern Bog Goldenrod

Solidago puberula --S

Downy Goldenrod

Solidago roanensis --T

Roan Mountain Goldenrod

Solidago shortii LEE

Short's Goldenrod

Solidago simplex ssp. randii var. racemosa --S

Rand's Goldenrod

Solidago squarrosa --H

Squarrose Goldenrod

Sparganium eurycarpum --E

Large Bur-reed

Sphenopholis pensylvanica --S

Swamp Wedgescale

Spiraea alba --H

Narrow-leaved Meadow-sweet

Spiraea virginiana LTT

Virginia Spiraea

Spiranthes lucida --T

Shining Ladies'-tresses

Spiranthes magnicamporum --T

Great Plains Ladies'-tresses

Spiranthes ochroleuca --T

Yellow Nodding Ladies'-tresses

Spiranthes odorata --E

Sweetscent Ladies'-tresses

Sporobolus clandestinus --T

Rough Dropseed

Sporobolus heterolepis --E

Northern Dropseed

Stachys eplingii --H

Epling's Hedgenettle

Stellaria longifolia --S

Longleaf Stitchwort

Stenanthium gramineum --T

Eastern Featherbells

Streptopus lanceolatus --E

Rosy Twisted-stalk

Styrax grandifolius --E

Bigleaf Snowbell

Symphoricarpos albus --E

Snowberry

Symphyotrichum concolor --T

Eastern Silvery Aster

Symphyotrichum drummondii var. texanum --H

Hairy Heart-leaved Aster

Symphyotrichum pratense --S

Barrens Silky Aster

Symphyotrichum priceae --E

White Heath Aster

Talinum calcaricum --E

Limestone Fameflower

Talinum teretifolium --E

Roundleaf Fameflower

Taxus canadensis --T

Canadian Yew

Tephrosia spicata --E

Spiked Hoary-pea

Thaspium pinnatifidum --T

Cutleaf Meadow-parsnip

Thermopsis mollis --E

Soft-haired Thermopsis

Thuja occidentalis --T

Northern White Cedar

Torreyochloa pallida --H

Pale Manna Grass

Toxicodendron vernix --E

Poison Sumac

Tragia urticifolia --E

Nettle-leaf Noseburn

Trepocarpus aethusae --S

Trepocarpus

Trichophorum planifolium --E

Bashful Bulrush

Trichostema setaceum --E

Narrowleaved Bluecurls

Trientalis borealis --E

Northern Starflower

Trifolium reflexum --E

Buffalo Clover

Trifolium stoloniferum LET

Running Buffalo Clover

Trillium nivale --E

Snow Trillium

Trillium pusillum --E

Least Trillium

Trillium undulatum --T

Painted Trillium

Ulmus serotina --S

September Elm

Utricularia macrorhiza --E

Greater Bladderwort

Vaccinium erythrocarpum --E

Southern Mountain Cranberry

Vallisneria americana --S

Eelgrass

Table 1. Continued.


US KSNPC

Veratrum parviflorum --T

Appalachian Bunchflower

Veratrum woodii --T

Wood's Bunchflower

Verbena canadensis --E

Rose Mock-vervain

Veronica americana --H

American Speedwell

Viburnum lantanoides --E

Alderleaved Viburnum

Viburnum molle --S

Softleaf Arrowwood

Viburnum nudum --E

Possumhaw

Viburnum rafinesquianum var. rafinesquianum --T

Downy Arrowwood

Viola septemloba var. egglestonii --S

Eggleston's Violet

Viola walteri --T

Walter's Violet

Vitis labrusca --T

Northern Fox Grape

Vitis rupestris --T

Sand Grape

Woodsia scopulina ssp. appalachiana --E

Appalachian Woodsia

Xyris difformis --E

Carolina Yellow-eyed-grass

Zizania palustris var. interior --H

Indian Wild Rice

Zizaniopsis miliacea --T

Southern Wild Rice

Animals

Snails

Anguispira rugoderma --E

Pine Mountain Tigersnail

Antroselates spiralis --S

Shaggy Cavesnail

Appalachina chilhoweensis --S

Queen Crater

Fumonelix wetherbyi --S

Clifty Covert

Glyphyalinia raderi --S

Maryland Glyph

Glyphyalinia rhoadsi --T

Sculpted Glyph

Helicodiscus notius specus --T

A Terrestrial Snail

Helicodiscus punctatellus --S

Punctate Coil

Leptoxis praerosa --S

Onyx Rocksnail

Lioplax sulculosa --S

Furrowed Lioplax

Lithasia armigera --S

Armored Rocksnail

Lithasia geniculata --S

Ornate Rocksnail

Lithasia salebrosa --S

Muddy Rocksnail

Lithasia verrucosa --S

Varicose Rocksnail

Mesomphix rugeli --T

Wrinkled Button

Neohelix dentifera --T

Big-tooth Whitelip

Paravitrea lapilla --T

Gem Supercoil

Patera panselenus --S

Virginia Bladetooth

Pilsbryna vanattai --E

Honey Glyph

Pleurocera alveare --S

Rugged Hornsnail

Pleurocera curta --S

Shortspire Hornsnail

Rabdotus dealbatus --T

Whitewashed Rabdotus

Rhodacme elatior --S

Domed Ancylid

Vertigo bollesiana --E

Delicate Vertigo

Vertigo clappi --E

Cupped Vertigo

Vitrinizonites latissimus --T

Glassy Grapeskin

Webbhelix multilineata --T

Striped Whitelip

Freshwater Mussels

Alasmidonta atropurpurea LEE

Cumberland Elktoe

Alasmidonta marginata --T

Elktoe

Anodontoides denigratus --E

Cumberland Papershell

Cumberlandia monodonta LEE

Spectaclecase

Cyprogenia stegaria LEE

Fanshell

Dromus dromas LEE

Dromedary Pearlymussel

Epioblasma brevidens LEE

Cumberlandian Combshell

Epioblasma capsaeformis LEE

Oyster Mussel

Table 1. Continued.


US KSNPC

Epioblasma florentina walkeri LEE

Tan Riffleshell

Epioblasma obliquata obliquata LEE

Catspaw

Epioblasma torulosa rangiana LEE

Northern Riffleshell

Epioblasma triquetra LEE

Snuffbox

Lampsilis abrupta LEE

Pink Mucket

Lampsilis ovata --E

Pocketbook

Lasmigona compressa --E

Creek Heelsplitter

Obovaria retusa LEE

Ring Pink

Pegias fabula LEE

Littlewing Pearlymussel

Plethobasus cooperianus LEE

Orangefoot Pimpleback

Plethobasus cyphyus LEE

Sheepnose

Pleurobema clava LEE

Clubshell

Pleurobema oviforme --E

Tennessee Clubshell

Pleurobema plenum LEE

Rough Pigtoe

Pleurobema rubrum --E

Pyramid Pigtoe

Potamilus capax LEE

Fat Pocketbook

Potamilus purpuratus --E

Bleufer

Ptychobranchus subtentum CE

Fluted Kidneyshell

Quadrula cylindrica cylindrica CT

Rabbitsfoot

Simpsonaias ambigua --T

Salamander Mussel

Toxolasma lividus --E

Purple Lilliput

Toxolasma texasiensis --E

Texas Lilliput

Villosa lienosa --S

Little Spectaclecase

Villosa ortmanni --T

Kentucky Creekshell

Villosa trabalis LEE

Cumberland Bean

Villosa vanuxemensis vanuxemensis --T

Mountain Creekshell

Crustaceans

Barbicambarus cornutus --S

Bottlebrush Crayfish

Bryocamptus morrisoni elegans --T

A Copepod

Caecidotea barri --E

Clifton Cave Isopod

Cambarellus puer --E

Swamp Dwarf Crayfish

Cambarellus shufeldtii --S

Cajun Dwarf Crayfish

Cambarus bouchardi --E

Big South Fork Crayfish

Cambarus buntingi --S

Longclaw Crayfish

Cambarus friaufi --S

Hairy Crayfish

Cambarus parvoculus --T

Mountain Midget Crayfish

Cambarus veteranus --S

Big Sandy Crayfish

Crangonyx caecus --T

An Amphipod

Crangonyx castellanum --E

An Amphipod

Crangonyx lewisi --T

Lewis Cave Amphipod

Crangonyx longidactylus --T

An Amphipod

Crangonyx specus --E

An Amphipod

Gammarus bousfieldi --E

Bousfield's Amphipod

Macrobrachium ohione --E

Ohio Shrimp

Orconectes barri --T

Cumberland Plateau Cave Crayfish

Orconectes bisectus --T

Crittenden Crayfish

Orconectes burri --T

Burr Crayfish

Orconectes inermis inermis --S

Ghost Crayfish

Orconectes jeffersoni --E

Louisville Crayfish

Orconectes lancifer --E

Shrimp Crayfish

Orconectes margorectus --T

Livingston Crayfish

Orconectes packardi --T

Appalachian Cave Crayfish

Orconectes palmeri palmeri --E

Gray-Speckled Crayfish

Orconectes pellucidus --S

Mammoth Cave Crayfish

Table 1. Continued.


US KSNPC

Orconectes ronaldi --T

Mud River Crayfish

Palaemonias ganteri LEE

Mammoth Cave Shrimp

Procambarus viaeviridis --T

Vernal Crayfish

Pseudocandona jeanneli --E

Jeannel's Cave Ostracod

Sagittocythere stygia --T

An Ectocommensal Ostracod

Stygobromus vitreus --S

An Amphipod

Insects

Acroneuria hitchcocki --T

Kentucky Stone

Acroneuria kosztarabi --S

Virginia Stone

Allocapnia cunninghami --T

Karst Snowfly

Amphiagrion saucium --E

Eastern Red Damsel

Arigomphus maxwelli --T

Bayou Clubtail

Arrhopalites altus --T

A Cave Obligate Springtail

Arrhopalites bimus --T


Batriasymmodes quisnamus --T

A Cave Obligate Beetle

Batrisodes henroti --T


Batrisodes hubrichti --T


Calephelis borealis --T

Northern Metalmark

Calephelis muticum --E

Swamp Metalmark

Callophrys irus --E

Frosted Elfin

Calopteryx dimidiata --E

Sparkling Jewelwing

Celithemis verna --H

Double-ringed Pennant

Cheumatopsyche helma --H

Helma's Net-spinning Caddisfly

Dannella provonshai --H

An Ephemerellid Mayfly

Dryobius sexnotatus --T

Six-banded Longhorn Beetle

Erora laeta --T

Early Hairstreak

Euphyes dukesi --S

Dukes' Skipper

Gomphus hybridus --E

Cocoa Clubtail

Habrophlebiodes celeteria --H

A Leptophlebiid Mayfly

Hansonoperla hokolesqua --S

Splendid Stone

Litobrancha recurvata --S

A Burrowing Mayfly

Lordithon niger --H

Black Lordithon Rove Beetle

Lytrosis permagnaria --E

A Geometrid Moth

Maccaffertium bednariki --S

A Heptageniid Mayfly

Manophylax butleri --S

A Limnephilid Caddisfly

Mesamia stramineus --E

Helianthus Leafhopper

Nannothemis bella --E

Elfin Skimmer

Nehalennia irene --E

Sedge Sprite

Nixe flowersi --H


Ophiogomphus aspersus --H

Brook Snaketail

Ophiogomphus howei --T

Pygmy Snaketail

Ophiogomphus mainensis --E

Maine Snaketail

Papaipema beeriana --E

Blazing Star Stem Borer

Papaipema eryngii --E

Rattlesnake-master Borer Moth

Papaipema silphii --E

Silphium Borer Moth

Papaipema sp. 5 --T

Rare Cane Borer Moth

Papaipema speciosissima --E

Osmunda Borer Moth

Phyciodes batesii --H

Tawny Crescent

Poanes viator --T

Broad-winged Skipper

Polygonia faunus --H

Green Comma

Polygonia progne --H

Gray Comma

Prairiana kansana --E

A Cicadellid Leafhopper

Pseudanophthalmus abditus --T

Concealed Cave Beetle

Pseudanophthalmus audax --T

Bold Cave Beetle

Table 1. Continued.


US KSNPC

Pseudanophthalmus caecus CT

Clifton Cave Beetle

Pseudanophthalmus calcareus --T

Limestone Cave Beetle

Pseudanophthalmus catoryctos --E

Lesser Adams Cave Beetle

Pseudanophthalmus cnephosus --T


Pseudanophthalmus conditus --T

Hidden Cave Beetle

Pseudanophthalmus elongatus --S


Pseudanophthalmus exoticus --H

Exotic Cave Beetle

Pseudanophthalmus frigidus CT

Icebox Cave Beetle

Pseudanophthalmus globiceps --T

Round-headed Cave Beetle

Pseudanophthalmus horni --S

Garman's Cave Beetle

Pseudanophthalmus hypolithos --T

Ashcamp Cave Beetle

Pseudanophthalmus inexpectatus --T

Surprising Cave Beetle

Pseudanophthalmus major --T

Beaver Cave Beetle

Pseudanophthalmus parvus CT

Tatum Cave Beetle

Pseudanophthalmus pholeter --E

Greater Adams Cave Beetle

Pseudanophthalmus pubescens intrepidus --T


Pseudanophthalmus puteanus --T

Old Well Cave Beetle

Pseudanophthalmus rogersae --T

Rogers' Cave Beetle

Pseudanophthalmus scholasticus --T

Scholarly Cave Beetle

Pseudanophthalmus simulans --T

Cub Run Cave Beetle

Pseudanophthalmus solivagus --S


Pseudanophthalmus tenebrosus --T

Stevens Creek Cave Beetle

Pseudanophthalmus transfluvialis --S


Pseudanophthalmus troglodytes CT

Louisville Cave Beetle

Pseudosinella espanita --S


Raptoheptagenia cruentata --H


Rasvena terna --S

Vermont Sallfly

Satyrium favonius ontario --S

Northern Oak Hairstreak

Soyedina calcarea --E

A Stonefly

Speyeria idalia --H

Regal Fritillary

Stylurus notatus --E

Elusive Clubtail

Stylurus scudderi --E

Zebra Clubtail

Tomocerus missus --T


Traverella lewisi --H

A Leptophlebiid Mayfly

Tychobythinus hubrichti --T


Other Invertebrates

Belba bulbipedata --T

A Cave Obligate Mite

Galumna alata --T


Geocentrophora cavernicola --T

A Cave Obligate Planarian

Hesperonemastoma inops --S

A Cave Obligate Harvestman

Kleptochthonius attenuatus --T

A Cave Obligate Pseudoscorpion

Kleptochthonius cerberus --S


Kleptochthonius erebicus --T


Kleptochthonius hageni --S


Kleptochthonius hubrichti --T


Kleptochthonius microphthalmus --T


Macrocheles stygius --T


Macrocheles troglodytes --T


Pseudotremia amphiorax --T

A Cave Obligate Milliped

Pseudotremia carterensis --S


Pseudotremia merops --T


Pseudotremia spira --T


Pseudotremia unca --T


Sphalloplana buchanani --T

A Cave Obligate Planarian

Table 1. Continued.


US KSNPC

Tyrannochthonius hypogeus --S


Fishes

Acipenser fulvescens --E

Lake Sturgeon

Alosa alabamae --E

Alabama Shad

Amblyopsis spelaea --S

Northern Cavefish

Ammocrypta clara --E

Western Sand Darter

Atractosteus spatula --E

Alligator Gar

Chrosomus cumberlandensis LTT

Blackside Dace

Cyprinella camura --E

Bluntface Shiner

Cyprinella venusta --S

Blacktail Shiner

Erimystax insignis --E

Blotched Chub

Erimyzon sucetta --T

Lake Chubsucker

Esox niger --S

Chain Pickerel

Etheostoma chienense LEE

Relict Darter

Etheostoma cinereum --S

Ashy Darter

Etheostoma fusiforme --E

Swamp Darter

Etheostoma lemniscatum LEE

Tuxedo Darter

Etheostoma lynceum --E

Brighteye Darter

Etheostoma maculatum --T

Spotted Darter

Etheostoma microlepidum --E

Smallscale Darter

Etheostoma parvipinne --E

Goldstripe Darter

Etheostoma proeliare --T

Cypress Darter

Etheostoma pyrrhogaster --E

Firebelly Darter

Etheostoma sagitta sagitta --S

Cumberland Arrow Darter

Etheostoma sagitta spilotum CT

Kentucky Arrow Darter

Etheostoma susanae LEE

Cumberland Darter

Etheostoma swaini --E

Gulf Darter

Etheostoma tecumsehi --S

Shawnee Darter

Fundulus chrysotus --E

Golden Topminnow

Fundulus dispar --E

Starhead Topminnow

Hemitremia flammea --E

Flame Chub

Hybognathus hayi --E

Cypress Minnow

Hybognathus placitus --S

Plains Minnow

Hybopsis amnis --E

Pallid Shiner

Ichthyomyzon castaneus --S

Chestnut Lamprey

Ichthyomyzon fossor --T

Northern Brook Lamprey

Ichthyomyzon greeleyi --T

Mountain Brook Lamprey

Ictiobus niger --S

Black Buffalo

Lampetra appendix --T

American Brook Lamprey

Lampetra sp. 1 --E

Undescribed Terrapin Creek brook lamprey

Lepomis marginatus --E

Dollar Sunfish

Lepomis miniatus --T

Redspotted Sunfish

Lota lota --S

Burbot

Macrhybopsis gelida --E

Sturgeon Chub

Macrhybopsis meeki --E

Sicklefin Chub

Menidia beryllina --T

Inland Silverside

Moxostoma poecilurum --E

Blacktail Redhorse

Nocomis biguttatus --S

Hornyhead Chub

Notropis albizonatus LEE

Palezone Shiner

Notropis hudsonius --S

Spottail Shiner

Notropis maculatus --T

Taillight Shiner

Notropis sp. 4 --E

Sawfin Shiner

Noturus exilis --E

Slender Madtom

Noturus hildebrandi --E

Least Madtom

Table 1. Continued.


US KSNPC

Noturus phaeus --E

Brown Madtom

Noturus stigmosus --S

Northern Madtom

Percina macrocephala --E

Longhead Darter

Percina squamata --E

Olive Darter

Percopsis omiscomaycus --S

Trout-perch

Phenacobius uranops --S

Stargazing Minnow

Platygobio gracilis --S

Flathead Chub

Scaphirhynchus albus LEE

Pallid Sturgeon

Thoburnia atripinnis --S

Blackfin Sucker

Typhlichthys subterraneus --S

Southern Cavefish

Umbra limi --T

Central Mudminnow

Amphibians

Amphiuma tridactylum --E

Three-toed Amphiuma

Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis --E

Eastern Hellbender

Eurycea guttolineata --T

Three-lined Salamander

Hyla avivoca --S

Bird-voiced Treefrog

Hyla gratiosa --S

Barking Treefrog

Hyla versicolor --S

Gray Treefrog

Plethodon cinereus --S

Redback Salamander

Plethodon wehrlei --E

Wehrle's Salamander

Rana areolata circulosa --S

Northern Crawfish Frog

Rana pipiens --S

Northern Leopard Frog

Reptiles

Apalone mutica mutica --S

Midland Smooth Softshell

Chrysemys dorsalis --T

Southern Painted Turtle

Clonophis kirtlandii --T

Kirtland's Snake

Elaphe guttata --S

Corn Snake

Eumeces anthracinus --T

Coal Skink

Eumeces inexpectatus --S

Southeastern Five-lined Skink

Farancia abacura reinwardtii --S

Western Mud Snake

Lampropeltis triangulum elapsoides --S

Scarlet Kingsnake

Macrochelys temminckii --T

Alligator Snapping Turtle

Nerodia cyclopion --E

Green Water Snake

Nerodia erythrogaster neglecta --S

Copperbelly Water Snake

Nerodia fasciata confluens --E

Broad-banded Water Snake

Ophisaurus attenuatus longicaudus --T

Eastern Slender Glass Lizard

Pituophis melanoleucus melanoleucus --E

Northern Pine Snake

Sistrurus miliarius streckeri --T

Western Pygmy Rattlesnake

Thamnophis proximus proximus --T

Western Ribbon Snake

Thamnophis sauritus sauritus --S

Eastern Ribbon Snake

Breeding Birds

Accipiter striatus --S

Sharp-shinned Hawk

Actitis macularius --E

Spotted Sandpiper

Aimophila aestivalis --E

Bachman's Sparrow

Ammodramus henslowii --S

Henslow's Sparrow

Anas clypeata --E

Northern Shoveler

Anas discors --T

Blue-winged Teal

Ardea alba --T

Great Egret

Asio flammeus --E

Short-eared Owl

Asio otus --E

Long-eared Owl

Bartramia longicauda --H

Upland Sandpiper

Botaurus lentiginosus --H

American Bittern

Bubulcus ibis --S

Cattle Egret

Certhia americana --E

Brown Creeper

Table 1. Continued.


US KSNPC

Chondestes grammacus --T

Lark Sparrow

Circus cyaneus --T

Northern Harrier

Cistothorus platensis --S

Sedge Wren

Corvus corax --T

Common Raven

Corvus ossifragus --S

Fish Crow

Dendroica fusca --T

Blackburnian Warbler

Dolichonyx oryzivorus --S

Bobolink

Egretta caerulea --E

Little Blue Heron

Egretta thula --E

Snowy Egret

Empidonax minimus --E

Least Flycatcher

Falco peregrinus --E

Peregrine Falcon

Fulica americana --E

American Coot

Gallinula chloropus --T

Common Moorhen

Haliaeetus leucocephalus --T

Bald Eagle

Ictinia mississippiensis --S

Mississippi Kite

Ixobrychus exilis --T

Least Bittern

Junco hyemalis --S

Dark-eyed Junco

Lophodytes cucullatus --T

Hooded Merganser

Nyctanassa violacea --T

Yellow-crowned Night-heron

Nycticorax nycticorax --T

Black-crowned Night-heron

Pandion haliaetus --S

Osprey

Passerculus sandwichensis --S

Savannah Sparrow

Phalacrocorax auritus --T

Double-crested Cormorant

Pheucticus ludovicianus --S

Rose-breasted Grosbeak

Podilymbus podiceps --E

Pied-billed Grebe

Pooecetes gramineus --E

Vesper Sparrow

Rallus elegans --E

King Rail

Riparia riparia --S

Bank Swallow

Sitta canadensis --E

Red-breasted Nuthatch

Sternula antillarum athalassos LET

Interior Least Tern

Thryomanes bewickii --S

Bewick's Wren

Tyto alba --S

Barn Owl

Vermivora chrysoptera --T

Golden-winged Warbler

Vireo bellii --S

Bell's Vireo

Wilsonia canadensis --S

Canada Warbler

Mammals

Clethrionomys gapperi maurus --S

Kentucky Red-backed Vole

Corynorhinus rafinesquii --S

Rafinesque's Big-eared Bat

Corynorhinus townsendii virginianus LEE

Virginia Big-eared Bat

Mustela nivalis --S

Least Weasel

Myotis austroriparius --E

Southeastern Myotis

Myotis grisescens LET

Gray Myotis

Myotis leibii --T

Eastern Small-footed Myotis

Myotis sodalis LEE

Indiana Bat

Nycticeius humeralis --S

Evening Bat

Peromyscus gossypinus --T

Cotton Mouse

Sorex cinereus --S

Cinereus Shrew

Sorex dispar blitchi --E

Long-tailed Shrew

Spilogale putorius --S

Eastern Spotted Skunk

Ursus americanus --S

American Black Bear

1Species without English (common) names have not been

assigned official names.

Table 1. Continued.


US KSNPC

Natural communities

Acid seep/bog S --

Appalachian seep/bog T --

Bluegrass mesophytic cane forest E --

Bluegrass woodland E --

Bottomland hardwood forest S --

Bottomland lake S --

Bottomland marsh T --

Bottomland ridge/terrace forest E --

Bottomland slough T --

Calcareous seep/bog E --

Coastal Plain forested acid seep E --

Coastal Plain mesophytic cane forest T --

Coastal Plain slough T --

Cumberland highlands forest E --

Cumberland Mountains pitch pine woodland E --

Cumberland Plateau gravel/cobble bar E --

Cumberland Plateau sandstone glade E --

Cypress (tupelo) swamp E --

Dolomite glade E --

Limestone barrens (open woodland) T --

Limestone flat rock glade E --

Limestone slope glade S --

Limestone/dolomite prairie E --

Sand bar S --

Sandstone barrens (open woodland) E --

Sandstone prairie E --

Shawnee Hills sandstone glade T --

Shrub swamp T --

Sinkhole/depression marsh E --

Sinkhole/depression pond T --

Tallgrass prairie E --

Wet bottomland hardwood forest T --

Wet depression/sinkhole forest T --

Wet meadow E --

Wet prairie E --

Xerohydric flatwoods E --

Table 2. Plants and animals presumed extinct or extirpated from Kentucky.

US Status US Status1 1

Plants

Vascular Plants

Canada Anemone

Anemone canadensis --

Powdery Cloakfern

Argyrochosma dealbata --

Clustered Poppy-mallow

Callirhoe alcaeoides --

Marsh Marigold

Caltha palustris var. palustris --

Long-bract Green Orchis

Coeloglossum viride --

Long-bract Green Orchis

Coeloglossum viride var. virescens --

Showy Lady's-slipper

Cypripedium reginae --

Southern Shield Wood Fern

Dryopteris ludoviciana --

American Water-pennywort

Hydrocotyle americana --

Fraser's Loosestrife

Lysimachia fraseri --

Trailing Loosestrife

Lysimachia radicans --

Spotted Bee-balm

Monarda punctata --

Stipuled Scurf-pea

Orbexilum stipulatum --

Swamp Lousewort

Pedicularis lanceolata --

Slender Dragon-head

Physostegia intermedia --

Heart-leaved Plantain

Plantago cordata --

Prairie Parsley

Polytaenia nuttallii --

American Wintergreen

Pyrola americana --

Swamp Saxifrage

Saxifraga pensylvanica --

Small-fruit Bulrush

Scirpus microcarpus --

Eastern Turkeybeard

Xerophyllum asphodeloides --

Animals

Freshwater Mussels

Sugarspoon

Epioblasma arcaeformis --

Angled Riffleshell

Epioblasma biemarginata --

Cincinnati Riffleshell

Epioblasma cincinnatiensis --

Leafshell

Epioblasma flexuosa --

Yellow Blossom

Epioblasma florentina florentina LE

Acornshell

Epioblasma haysiana --

Forkshell

Epioblasma lewisii --

White Catspaw

Epioblasma obliquata perobliqua LE

Round Combshell

Epioblasma personata --

Tennessee Riffleshell

Epioblasma propinqua --

Wabash Riffleshell

Epioblasma sampsonii --

Cumberland Leafshell

Epioblasma stewardsonii --

Tubercled Blossom

Epioblasma torulosa torulosa LE

Cracking Pearlymussel

Hemistena lata LE

Scaleshell

Leptodea leptodon LE

Slabside Pearlymussel

Lexingtonia dolabelloides C

White Wartyback

Plethobasus cicatricosus LE

Winged Mapleleaf

Quadrula fragosa LE

Rough Rockshell

Quadrula tuberosa --

Rayed Bean

Villosa fabalis LE

Insects

American Burying Beetle

Nicrophorus americanus LE

Robust Pentagenian Burrowing Mayfly

Pentagenia robusta --

Fishes

Scaly Sand Darter

Ammocrypta vivax --

Diamond Darter

Crystallaria cincotta C

Gravel Chub

Erimystax x-punctatus --

Least Darter

Etheostoma microperca --

Southern Brook Lamprey

Ichthyomyzon gagei --

Table 2. Plants and animals presumed extinct or extirpated from Kentucky.

US Status US Status1 1

Harelip Sucker

Moxostoma lacerum --

Greater Redhorse

Moxostoma valenciennesi --

Blotchside Logperch

Percina burtoni --

Reptiles

Coachwhip

Masticophis flagellum flagellum --

Breeding Birds

Anhinga

Anhinga anhinga --

Ivory-billed Woodpecker

Campephilus principalis LE

Black Tern

Chlidonias niger --

Carolina Parakeet

Conuropsis carolinensis --

Passenger Pigeon

Ectopistes migratorius --

Swallow-tailed Kite

Elanoides forficatus --

Red-cockaded Woodpecker

Picoides borealis LE

Greater Prairie-chicken

Tympanuchus cupido --

Bachman's Warbler

Vermivora bachmanii LE

Non-Breeding Birds

Trumpeter Swan

Cygnus buccinator --

Whooping Crane

Grus americana LE

Mammals

American Bison

Bos bison --

Gray Wolf

Canis lupus --

Red Wolf

Canis rufus LE

Eastern Cougar

Puma concolor couguar LE

The US Status provided here refers to the current status of the taxon under the U.S. Endangered Species Act (USESA) as interpreted

for its range within the state of Kentucky.

1

Status Designations (KSNPC) Kentucky State Nature Preserves Commission Endangered (E). A taxon or natural community in danger of extirpation and/or extinction throughout all or a significant part of its range in Kentucky. Threatened (T). A taxon or natural community likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant part of its range in Kentucky. Special Concern (S). A taxon or natural community that should be monitored because (1) it exists in a limited geographic area in Kentucky, (2) it may become threatened or endangered due to modification or destruction of habitat, (3) certain characteristics or requirements make it especially vulnerable to specific pressures, (4) experienced researchers have identified other factors that may jeopardize it, or (5) it is thought to be rare or declining in Kentucky but insufficient information exists for assignment to the threatened or endangered status categories. Historical (H). A taxon or natural community that has not been reliably reported in Kentucky since 1990 but is not considered extinct or extirpated---see next designation. Extinct/Extirpated. A taxon for which habitat loss has been pervasive and/or concerted efforts by knowledgeable biologists to collect or observe specimens within appropriate habitat have failed. Extinct species are those that have been eliminated throughout their entire range and extirpated species are those that have been eliminated from a jurisdiction (i.e., nation or state/province). (US) Endangered Species Act of 1973 Federal statuses are defined below. Non-breeding birds with a federal status occurring as a migrant or visitor in Kentucky (e.g., Charadrius melodus, Mycteria americana) are not included within this list. Endangered (LE). ". . . a species in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range .." (USFWS 2010a). Threatened (LT). ". . . a species likely to become an endangered species within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range." (USFWS 2010a). Candidate (C). Taxa for which the USFWS has “. . . sufficient information on biological status and threats to propose them as endangered or threatened" (USFWS 2010b). Proposed Endangered (PE). “Species proposed for official listing as endangered.” (USFWS 2010a) Proposed Threatened (PT). “Species proposed for official listing as threatened.” (USFWS 2010a) (Note: no natural communities have been assigned a federal status).

Nomenclature Sources Sources consulted for the plant and lichen names are: Anderson (1990); Jones (2005); and Esslinger (2009). Sources consulted for the common and scientific names of animals are as follows: gastropods - Hubricht (1985); Turgeon et al. (1998) and Minton and Lydeard (2003); freshwater mussels - Gordon (1995) and Turgeon et al. (1998); crustaceans - Barr (1968); Holsinger (1972); Hobbs (1989); Zhang and Holsinger (2003); Taylor and Schuster (2004); McLaughlin et al. (2005); Taylor et al. (2007); and Buhay and Crandall (2008); insects – Hodges (1983); Barr (1996; 2004); McCafferty (1996); Stark et al. (1998); Needham et al. (2000); Westfall and May (2006); Pelham (2008); NatureServe (2010a); and Morse (2010); fishes - Page and Burr (1991); Nelson et al. (2004), Blanton and Jenkins (2008); Welsh and Wood (2008); Strange and Mayden (2009); and USFWS (2010a); amphibians and reptiles - King and Burke (1989); Collins and Taggart (2002); and Crother (2008); breeding birds - AOU (1998); mammals - Hall (1981), Jones et al. (1992), and Wilson and Reeder (1993).

Acknowledgements We would like to extend our appreciation to the following contributors: Brainard Palmer-Ball, Jr. (Kentucky State Nature Preserves Commission, retired), Jerry and Carol Baskin, Thomas C. Barr, Jr. (University of Kentucky, Emeritus), Robert S. Butler and Michael A. Floyd (United States Fish and Wildlife Service), Julian N. Campbell, Ronald R. Cicerello (Kentucky State Nature Preserves Commission, retired), H. Carl Cook, Charles V. Covell, Jr. (McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity), Dan Dourson (Belize Foundation for Research and Environmental Education), David J. Eisenhower and Alan Risk (Morehead State University), Marc Evans (Kentucky State Nature Preserves Commission, retired), Loran D. Gibson, Scott A. Grubbs (Western Kentucky University), Ron Jones (Eastern Kentucky University), James D. Kiser (Stantec Consulting), James B. Layzer (Tennessee Technological University), Julian J. Lewis (Lewis and Associates LLC), Christopher Lorentz (Thomas More College), John R. MacGregor, Monte McGregor, and Matthew R. Thomas (Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources), William Martin (Eastern Kentucky University, Emeritus), Landon McKinney, John G. Petranka (National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences), Guenter A. Schuster (Eastern Kentucky University, Emeritus), Christopher A. Taylor (Illinois Natural History Survey), Matthew R. Thomas (Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources), and Mark J. Vogel (Kentucky Division of Water).

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