Rapid review:first aid

• Often precedes squamous cell carcinomaActinic keratosis• Primary adrenocortical deficiencyAddison’s disease• Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, precocious puberty, café au lait spots, short

stature, young girlsAlbrights syndrome• Guillain barre (increase protein in CSF with only modest increase in cell

count)Albuminocytologic dissociation• Hereditary nepritis with nerve deafnessAlport’s syndrome• Anti-basement membrane Goodpastures syndrome• Anti- centromere antibodiesScleroderma - CREST

• Anti- double stranded DNA antibodies (ANA- antibodies)SLE (type III hypersensitivity)• Anti-epithelial cellPemphigus vulgaris• Antigliadan antibodiesCeliac disease• Anti-histone antibodiesDrug induced SLE• Anti – IgG antibodiesRheumatoid arthritis• Anti-mitochondrial antibodiesPrimary biliary cirrhosis• Anti-neutrophil antibodiesvasculitis• Anti-platelet antibodiesIdiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)

• ArachnodactylyMarfan’s syndrome• Argyll Robertson pupilNeurosyphilis• Cerebellar tonsillar herniationArnold Chiari malformation• Aschoff bodiesRheumatic fever• Atrophy of the mammillary bodiesWernicke’s encephalopathy• Auer rodsAML- esp promyelocytic type• AutosplenectomySickle cell• Babinski signUMN lesion• Baker’s cyst in popliteal fossaRheumatoid arthritis

• Bamboo spine on x-rayAnkylosing spondylitis• HyperreninemiaBartter’s syndrome• Basophilic stippling on RBCsLead posioning• Defective dystophinBecker’s muscular dystophy- less sever than Duchenne’s• LMN CN VIII palsyBells palsy• Bence jones proteinsMultiple myeloma- Kappa or lambda Ig chains in urine, Waldenstroms

macroglobulinemia (IgM)• IgA nephropathyBerger’s disease

• Bernard-Soulier diseaseDefect in platelet adhesion• Bilateral hilar adenopathy, uveitissarcoidosis• Berbeck granules on EMHistiocytosis X• Bloody tap on LPSubarachnoid hemorrage• “blue bloater”Chronic bronchitis• Blue domed cystFibrocystic change of the breast• Blue scleraOsteogenesis imperfecta• Boot shaped heart on x rayTetralogy of Fallot, RVH

• Bouchard’s nodesOsteoarthritis (PIP swelling secondary to osteophytes)• Boutonniere deformityRheumatoid arthritis• Branching rods in oral infectionActinomyces israelli• Brown tumor of boneHemorrhage cause brown color of osteolytic cysts1. Hyperparathyroidism2. Osteitis fibrosa cystica (von Recklinghasen’s disease)• Brushfields spots Down syndrome• Brutons diseaseX-linked agammaglobulinemia• Budd- Chiari syndromePost hepatic venous throbosis• Buerger’s diseaseSmall/medium artery vasculitis

• 8:14 translocation, associated with EBVBurkitt’s lymphoma• Burton’s linesLead posioning• C-ANCA, P-ANCAWegeners granulomatosis, polyarteritis nodosa• Café au lait spots on skinneurofibromatosis• Caisson diseaseGas emboli• Calf pseudohypertrophyDuchenne’s muscular dystrophy• Call- Exner bodiesGranulosa theca cell tumor of the ovary• Cardiomegaly with apical atrophyChagas disease

• Cerebriform nucleiMycosis fungoides (cutaneous T cell lymphoma)• Trypanosome infectionChaga’s disease• ChancrePrimary syphilis – non painful• ChancroidHaemophilus ducreyi - painful• Charcot’s triadMultiple sclerosis (nystagmus, intention tremor, scanning speech), cholangitis

(jaundice, RUQ pain, fever)• Charcot-leyden crystalsBronchial asthma (eosinophil membranes)• Phagocyte deficiencyChediak Higashi disease

• Cherry red spot on maculaTay-Sachs, Niemann Pick disease, central retinal artery occlusion• Cheyne-stokes respirationsCentral apnea in CHF and increased intracranial pressure• Chocolate cystsEndometriosis (frequently involves both ovaries)• Predisposition to gastric carcinomaChronic atrophic gastritis• Chvostek’s signHypocalcemia (facial mm spasm upon tapping)• DES exposure in uteroClear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina• Clue cellsGardnerella vaginitis• Codman’s triangle on x rayosteosarcoma

• Cold agglutininsMycoplasma pneumoniae, infectious mono• Cold intolerancehypothyroidism• Condylomata lataSecondary syphilis• Continuous machinery murmurPatent ductus arteriosus• Cori’s diseaseDebranching enzyme deficiency• Cotton wool spotsChronic hypertension• Cough, conjuncitivitis, coryza + fevermeasles• Councilman bodiesToxic or viral hepatitis

• Cowdry type A bodiesHerpes virus• Crescents in bowman’s capsuleRapidly progessive crescentric glomerulonephritis• Crigler-Najjar syndromeCongential unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia• Curling’s ulcerAcute gastric ulcer associated with severe burns• Currant jelly sputumKlebsiella• Curshmann’s spiralsBronchial asthma (whorled mucous plugs)• Cushing’s ulcerAcute gastric ulcer associated with CNS injury• D dimersDIC• Depigmentation of neurons in substantia nigraParkinson’s disease (basal ganglia disorder- rigidity, resting tremor, bradykinesia)

• Pellagra (niacin, vitamin B3 deficiency)Dermatitis, dementia, diarrhea• Hand-Schuller Christian diseaseDiabetes insipidus + exophthalmos + lesions of skull• Dog or cat bitePasteurella multocida• Donovan bodiesGranuloma inguinale• Dressler’s syndromePost MI fibrinous pericarditis• Dubin Johnson syndromeCongenital conjugated hyperbilirbuinemia (black liver)• EburnationOsteoarthritis (polished, ivory like appearance of bone)• Edward’s syndromeTrisomy 18 associated with rocker bottom feet, low set ears, heart disease

• Eisenmenger’s complexLate cyanosis shunt (uncorrected LR shunt becomes RL shunt)• Elastic skinEhlers-Danlos• Erb-Duchenne palsySuperior trunk branchial plexus injury (Waiters tip)• Erythema chronicum migransLyme disease• Fanconi syndromeProximal tubular reabsorption defect• Fat Female Forty and FertileAcute cholecystitis• Fatty liveralcholism• Ferruginous bodiesasbestosis

• Colon polyps with osteomas and soft tissue tumorsGardner’s syndrome• Glucocerebrosidase deficiencyGaucher’s disease• Ghon complexPrimary TB• Benign congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemiaGilbert’s disease• Glanzmann’s thrombobasteniaDefect in platelet aggregation• Autoantibodies to alveolar and glomerular basement membrane proteinsGoodpasture syndrome• Use of patients arms to help legs pick self off the floorGower’s maneuver• Idiopathic polyneurtitisGuillain Barre syndrome

• “hair on end” appearance on x-rayBeta thalassemia, sickle cell (extramedullary hematopoiesis)• Hamptons hump on x rayPulmonary embolism• Chronic progressive histiocytosisHand- Schuller-Christian disease• Sickle cell anemiaHbS• Elevated hCGChoriocarcinoma, hyadatidiform mole (occurs with and without embryo)• Heberden’s nodesOsteoarthritis (DIP swelling secondary to osteophytes)• Heinz bodiesG6PD deficiency• HSP – Henoch-Schonlein purpuraHypersensitivity vasculitis associated with hemorrhagic urticaria and URIs

• Heterophil antibodiesInfectious mononucleosis (EBV)• HbFThalassemia major• High output cardiac failureDilated cardiomyopathy, wet beriberi (thiamine, vit B1 deficiency)• HLA B27Reiter’s syndrome, ankylosing spondylitis• HLA DR3, DR4Diabetes mellitus type 1 (caused by autoimmune destruction of B cells)• Homer Wright rosettesNeuroblastoma• Honey comb lung on x rayInterstitial fibrosis• Ptosis, miosis, andhidrosisHorner’s syndrome

• Howell Jolley bodiesSplenectomy (or non functional spleen)• Huntington’s diseaseCaudate degeneration (AD)• Hyperphagia + hypersexuality + hyperorality + hyperdocilityKluver Bucy syndrome (amygdala)• Hyperpigmentation of skinPrimary adrenal insuffiency (Addison’s disease)• Hypersegmented neutrophilsMacrocytic anemia• HTN + hypocalemiaConn’s syndrome• Hypochromic microcytosisIron deficiency anemia, lead poisioning

• Increased alpha fetoprotein in amniotic fluid/maternal serumAnencephaly, spina bifida (NTDs)• Increased uric acid levelsGout, Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, myeloproliferative disorders, loop and thaizide diuretics• IntussusceptionAdenovirus (causes hyperplasia of Peyer’s patches)• Janeway lesionsEndocarditis• jarisch Herxheimer reactionSyphilis- overaggressive treatment of an asymptomatic patient that causes symptoms

due to rapid lysis• Job’s syndromeNeutrophil chemotaxis abnormality• Kaposi’s sarcomaAIDS in men who have sex with men• Kartagener’s syndromeDynein defect

• Kayser-Fleischer ringsWilson’s disease• Keratin pearlsSquamous cell carcinoma• Kimmelstiel Wilson nodulesDiabetic nephropathy• Kluver Bucy nodulesBilateral amygdala lesions• KoilocytesHPV• Koplick spotsMeasles• Krukenberg tumorGastric adenocarcinomas with ovarian metastases• Kussmaul hyperpneaDiabetic ketoacidosis

• Lens dislocation + aortic dissection + joint hyperflexibilityMarfan’s syndrome• Lesch-Nyhan syndromeHGPRT deficiency• Letterer Siwe diseaseLangerhans cell histiocytosis• Lewy bodiesParkinson’s disease• Libman Sacks diseaseEndocarditis associated with SLE

• Lines of zahnArterial thrombus• Lisch nodulesNeurofibromatosis (von Recklinghausen’s disease)• Low serum ceruloplasminWilson’s disease• Lucid intervalEpidural hematoma• Lumpy bumpy appearance of glomeruli on immunofluorscencePoststreptococcal glaomerulonephritis• Lytic bone lesions on x rayMultiple myeloma• Mallory bodiesAlcoholic liver disease• Mallory Weiss syndromeEsophagogastric lacerations

• McArdle’s diseaseMuscle phosphorylase deficiency• McBurney’s signappendicitis• MLF syndrome (INO)Multiple sclerosis• Monoclonal antibody spikeMultiple myeloma (called the M protein; usually IgG or IgA), MGUS (monoclonal

gammopathy of undetermined significance), Waldenstrom’s (M protein= IgM) macroglobulinemia.

• Myxedemahypothyroidism• Necrotizing vasculitis (lungs) and necrotizing glomerulonephritisWegener’s and goodpasture’s (hemoptysis and glomerular disease)• Needle shaped, negatively bifringent crystalsGout• Negri bodiesrabies

• Nephritis + cataracts + hearing lossAlport’s syndrome• Neurofibrillary tanglesAlzheimer’s disease• Niemann Pick diseaseSpingomyelinase deficiency• No lactation postpartumSheehan syndrome (pituitary infarction)• Nutmeg liverCHF• Occupational exposure to asbestosMalignant mesothelioma• Orphan Annie nucleiPapillary carcinoma of the thyroid• Osler’s nodesendocarditis

• Owl’s eyeCMV• Painless jaundicePancreatic cancer of the head• Palpable purpura on legs and buttHSP- Henoch Schonein purpura• Pancoast tumorBronchogenic apical tumor associated with Horner’s syndrome• PannusRheumatoid Arthritis• Nigrostriatal dopamine depletionParkinson’s disease• Periosteal elevation on x rayPyogenic osteomyelitis• Peutz Jeghers syndromeBenign polyposis

• Penile fibrosisPeyronie’s disease• Philadephia chromosome (bcr-abl)CML (may sometimes be associated with AML)• Pick bodiesPick’s disease• Pick’s diseaseProgressive dementia, similar to Alzheimer’s• “pink puffer”Emphysema (centroacinar [smoking], panacinar [alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency])• Esophaeal webs with iron deficiency anemiaPlummer Vision syndrome• PodagraGout (MP joint of hallux)• Podocyte fusionMinimal change disease• Polyneuropathy, cardiac pathology, and edemaDry beri beri (thiamine, vitamin B1 deficiency)• Pompe’s diseaseLysosomal glucosidase deficiency associated with cardiomegaly

• Polyneuropathy preceded by GI or respiratory infectionGuillain Barre syndrome• Port wine stainhemangioma• Positive anterior “drawer sign”Anterior cruciate ligament injury• Pott’s diseaseVertebral tuberculosis• Pseudopalisade tumor cell arrangementGlioblastoma multiforme• PseudorosettesEwing’s sarcoma• Ptosis, miosis, anhidrosisHorner’s syndrome (pancoast tumor)• Rash on palms and solesSecondary syphilis, Rocky mountain spotted fever• Raynaud’s syndromeRecurrent vasospasm in extremities• RBC casts in urineAcute glomerulonephritis

• Recurrent pulmonary pseudomonas and S. aureus infectionsCystic fibrosis• Red urine in the morningParoxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria• Reed sternburg cellsHodgkin’s lymphoma• Reid index (increased)Chronic bronchitis• Reinke crystalsLeydig cell tumor• Reiters syndromeUrethritis, conjunctivitis, arthritis• Renal cell carcinoma + cavernous hemangiomas + adenomasVon Hippel- Lindau disease

• Renal epithelial casts in urineAcute toxic/viral nephrosis• Rhomboid crystals, postively bifringentpseudogout• Rib notchingCoarctation of aorta• Roth’s spots in the retinaendocarditis• Rotor’s syndromeCongenital conjugated hyperbilirubinemia• Rouleaux formation (RBCs)Multiple myeloma• Russell bodiesMultiple myeloma• S3Left to right shunt (VSD, PDA, ASD), mitral regurgitation, LV failure (CHF)• S4Aortic stenosis, hypertrophic subaortic stenosis• Schiller-Duval bodiesYolk sac tumor

• Senile plaquesAlzheimer’s disease• Sezary syndromeCutaneous T cell lymphoma• Sheehan’s syndromePostpartum pituitary necrosis• Shwartzman reactionNeisseria meningitidis• Signet ring cellsGastric carcinoma• Simian creasesDown syndrome• Sipple’s syndromeMEN IIa• Sjogren’s syndromeDry eyes, dry mouth, arthritis• Skip lesionsCrohn’s disease• Slapped cheeksErythema infectiosum (fifth disease)

• Smith antigenSLE• Smudge cellsCLL• Soap bubble on x rayGiant cell tumor of bone• Spike and dome on EMMembranous glomerulonephritis• Spitz nevusBenign juvenile melanoma• Splinter hemorrhages in fingernailsendocarditis• Starry sky patternBurkitts lymphoma• Strawberry tongueScarlet fever• Streaky ovariesTurner’s syndrome

• String sign on x rayCrohn’s disease• Subepithelial humps on EMPost streptococcal glomerulonephritis• Suboccipital lymphadenopathyRubella• Sulfur granulesActinomyces israelli• Swollen gums, bruising, poor wound healing, anemiaScurvy (ascorbic acid, vitamin C deficiency)- vitamin C is necessary for

hydroxylation of proline and lysine in collagen synthesis• Systolic ejection murmur (crescendo-decrescendo)Aortic valve stenosis• t(8,14)Burkitt’s lymphoma (c-myc activation)

• t(9,22)Philadephia chromosome, CML (bcr-abl)• t(14,18)Folilcular lymphomas (bcl-2 activation)• Tabes dorsalisTertiary syphilis• Tendon xanthomas (classically achilles)Familial hypercholesterolemia• Thumb sign on lateral x rayEpiglottitis (H. influenza)• Thyroidization of kidneyChronic bacterial pyelonephritis• TophiGout• “tram track” appearance on LMMembranoproliferative glomerulonephritis• Trousseau’s signVisceral cancer, pancreatic adenocarcinoma (migratory thrombophelibits), hypocalcemia (carpal

spasm)• Virchow’s triadLeft supraclavicular node enlargement from metastatic carcinoma of the stomach

• Von Recklinghausen’s diseaseNeurofibromatosis with café au lait spots• Von Recklinghausen’s disease of boneOsteitis fibrosa cystica (brown tumor)• Wallenberg’s syndromePICA thrombosis• Waterhouse Fridrichensen syndromeAdrenal hemorrhage associated with meningococcemia• Waxy castChronic end stage renal disease• WBC casts in urineAcute pyelonephritis• Wermer’s syndromeMEN 1• Whipple’s syndromeMalabsorption syndrome caused by Tropheryma whippelii

• Wilson’s diseaseHepatolenticular degeneration• Wire loop appearance on LMLupus nephropathy• Worst Headache of my lifeBerry aneurysm- associated with adult polycystic kidney disease• Xanthochromia (CSF)Subarachnoid hemorrhage• Xerostomia + arthritis + keratoconjunctivitis siccaSjogren’s syndrome• Zenker’s diverticulumUpper GI diverticulum• Zollinger-ellison syndromeGastrin secreting tumor associated with ulcers

Most common associations

• Bacteremia/pneumonia (IVDA)S aureus• Bacteria associated with cancerH pylori• Bacteria found in the GI tractBacteroides (second most common is E coli)• Brain tumor in adultsMets>astrocytoma (including glioblastoma multiforme)> meningioma > schwannoma• Brain tumor in kidsMedulloblastoma in cerebellum• Breast cancercraniopharyngioma• Breast massFibrocystic change (in postmenopausal women, carcinoma is the most common)• Breast tumor benignfibroadenoma

• Bug in debilitated, hospitalized pneumonia patientKlebsiella• Cardiac primary tumor (adults)Myxoma (4:1 left to right atrium; “ball and valve”)• Cardiac primary tumor (kids)Rhabdomyoma• Cardiac tumor (adults)mets• CardiomyopathyDilated cardiomyopathy• Chromosomal disorderDown syndrome (associated with ALL, Alzheimer’s dementia, and endocardial cushion

defects)• Chronic arrhythmiaAtrial fibrilliation (associated with risk of emboli)• Congenital cardiac anomalyVSD

• Constrictive pericarditisTB• Coronary artery involved in thrombosisLAD > RCA > LCA• Cyanosis (early, less common)Tetralogy of Fallot, transposition of great vessels, truncus arteriosus• Cyanosis (late, more common)VSD, ASD, PDA (close with indomethacin; open with misoprostol)• Demyelinating diseaseMultiple sclerosis• Dietary deficitIron• EpiglottitisHaemophilus influenza type B• Esophageal cancerSquamous cell carcinoma

• Gene involved in cancerP53 tumor suppressor gene• Group affected by cystic fibrosisCaucasians (fat soluble vitamin deficiencies, mucus plugs/lung infections)• Gynocologic malignancyEndometrial carcinoma• Heart murmurMitral valve prolapse• Heart valve in bacterial endocarditisMitral• Heart valve in bacterial endocarditis in IVDATricuspid• Heart valve in Rheumatic feverMitral valve (aortic is second)• Helminth infection in USEnterobius vermicularis ( Ascaris lumbricoides is 2nd)

• Hereditary bleeding disorderVon Willebrand’s• Kidney stonesCalcium = radioopaque (2nd most common is ammonium = radioopaque, formed by urease +

organisms: Proteus or Staphylococcus)• Liver diseaseAlcoholic liver disease• Location of brain tumors in adultssupratentorial• Location of brain tumors in kidsinfratentorial• Lysosomal storage diseaseGaucher’s disease• Male cancerProstatic carcinoma• Malignancy associated with non infectious feverHodgkin’s disease• Malignant skin tumorBasal cell carcinoma (rarely metastasizes)

• Mets to boneBreast, lung, thyroid, testes, prostate, kidney• Mets to brainLung, breast, skin (melanoma), kidney (renal cell carcinoma), GI• Mets to liverColon, gastric, pancreatic, breast, and lung carcinomas• Motor neuron diseaseALS• Neoplasm in kidsALL (2nd most common is cerebellar medulloblastoma)• Nephrotic syndrome Membranous glomerulonephritis• Obstruction of male urinary tractBPH• Opportunitstic infection in AIDSPneumoncystis carinii pneumonia• Organ receiving metsAdrenal glands due to rich blood supply• Organ sending metsLung > breast, stomach

• Ovarian tumor (benign)Serous cystadenoma• Ovarian tumor (malignant)Serous cystadenocarcinoma• Pancreatic tumorAdenocarinoma (head of pancreas)• Patient with ALL/CLL/AML/CMLALL- child, CLL- adult > 60, AML- adult>60, CML –adult 35-50• Patient with Hodgkin’sYoung male (expect nodular sclerosis type- female)• Patient with minimal change diseaseYoung child• Patient with Reiter’smale• Pituitary tumorProlactinoma (2nd- somatotrophic “acidiophilic” adenoma)• Preventable cancerLung cancer

• Primary bone tumor (adults)Multiple myeloma• Primary hyperparathyroidismAdenomas (followed by hyperplasia, then carcinoma)• Primary liver tumorhepatoma• Renal tumorRenal cell carcinoma- associate with von Hipple Lindau and acquired polycystic kidney disease;

paraneoplastic syndrome ( EPO, renin, PTH, ACTH)• Secondary hyperparathyroidismHypocalcemia due to chronic renal failure• Sexually transmitted diseasechlamydia• Site of diverticulaSigmoid colon• Site of metastasisRegional lymph nodes• Site of metastasis (2nd most common)liver

• Sites of atherosclerosisAbdominal aorta > coronary > popliteal > carotid• Skin cancerBasal cell carcinoma• Stomach canceradenocarcinoma• testicular tumorseminoma• Thyroid cancerPapillary carcinoma• Tracheoesphageal fistulaLower esophagus joins trachea/ upper esophagus – blind pouch• Tumor in menProstate carcinoma• Tumor in womenLeiomyoma (estrogen dependent)• Tumor in infancyhemangioma• Tumor of adrenal medulla in adultsPheochoromocytoma benign• Tumor of adrenal medulla in kidsNeuroblastoma (malignant)

• Type of Hodgkin’s diseaseNodular sclerosis ( vs mixed cellularity, lymphocytic predominant,

lymphocytic depeletion)• Type of non Hodgkin’s diseaseFollicular, small cleaved• Type of pituitary adenomaprolactinoma• VasculitisTemporal arteritis (risk of ipsilateral blindness due to thrombosis of

opthalmic artery)• Viral encephalitisHSV• Vitamin deficiency in USFolic acid (pregnant women are at high risk, body stores only 3-4

month supply)

Most frequent cause of ….

• Addison’s diseaseAutoimmune (infection is the 2nd most common cause)• Aneurysm, dissectingHTN• Aortic aneurysm, abdominal and descending aortaatherosclerosis• Aortic aneurysm, ascendingTertiary syphilis• Bacterial meningitis (adults)Neisseria meningitidis• Bacterial meningitis (elderly)Streptococcus pneumoniae• Bacterial meningitis (kids)Haemophilus influenzae type B• Bacterial meningitis (newborns)E. coli• Cancer associated with AIDSKaposi sarcoma• Congential adrenal hyperplasia21 hydroxylase deficiency

• CretinismIodine deficient/ hypothyroidism• Cushing’s syndromeCorticosteroid therapy (2nd most common cause is excess ACTH secretion by pituitary)• Death in CMLBlast crisis• Death in SLELupus nephropathy• DementiaAlzheimer’s (2nd most common is multiinfarct)• DICGram negative sepsis, obstetric complications, cancer, burn trauma• Ejection clickAortic/pulmonic stenosis• Food poisoningS. aureus• Glomerulonephritis (adults)IgA nephropathy (Berger’s disease)

• Hematoma- epiduralRupture of middle meningeal artery (arterial bleeding is first)• Hematoma – subduralRupture of bridging veins (trauma, venous bleeding is slow)• HemochromatosisMultiple blood transfusions (can result in CHF and increase risk of hepatocellualr carcinoma)• Hepatic cirrhosisEtOH• Hepatocellular carcinomaCirrhotic liver (often associated with hepatitis B and C)• Holosystolic murmurVSD, tricuspid regurgitation, mitral regurgitation• Hypertension, secondaryRenal disease• Hypoparathyroidismthyroidectomy• Hypopituitarismadenoma• Infection in blood transfusionHepatitis C

• Infections in burn victimspseudomonas• Leukemia- adultsAML• “machine like” murmurPDA• Mental retardationDown syndrome (fragile X is second most common cause)• MIatherosclerosis• Mitral valve stenosisRheumatic heart disease• MyocarditisCoxasckie B• Nephrotic syndrome (adults)Membranous glomerulonephritis• Nephrotic syndrome (kids)Minimal change disease (associated with infections/vaccinations; treat with corticosteroids)• Opening snapMitral stenosis

• OsteomyelitisS aureus• Osteomyelitis in patients with HbSSalmonella• Osteomyelitis with IVDAPseudomonas• Pancreatitis (acute)EtOH and gallstones• Pancreatitis (chronic)EtOH (adults), cystic fibrosis (kids)• Peau d’orangeCarcinoma of the breast• PIDNeisseria gonorrheae (monoarticular arthritis)• pneumonia in cystic fibrosis, burn infectionPseudomonas aeruginosa• Pneumonia in hospitalized patientsKlebsiella

• Preventable blindnessChlamydia• Primary amenorrheaTurner’s (XO)• Primary hyperparathyroidismAdenoma• Primary hyperaldosteronismAdenoma of adrenal cortex• Pulmonary HTNCOPD• Right heart failure due to a pulmonary causeCor pulmonale• Right sided heart failureLeft sided heart failure

• Sheehan’s syndromePostpartum pituitary infarction secondary to

hemorrhage• SIADHSmall cell carcinoma of the lung• UTIE coli• UTI (young women)E coli or Staphyloccus saprophyticus

Review equationspg 392-3 of First Aid