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© 2011 COLUMBIA Technologies.
Rapid High Resolution Site Characterization Using Direct Sensing Technologies
An advanced global approach for site investigation and remediation to
reduce the risk, cost, and uncertainty at contaminated properties
John Sohl COLUMBIA Technologies (888) 344-2704 ext. 201
[email protected] www.columbiatechnologies.com
High Resolution Mapping of Underground Pollution
© 2012 COLUMBIA Technologies.
© 2011 COLUMBIA Technologies.
Company History
• Veteran-Owned Small Business (VOSB)
• Founded in 1999
• Headquartered in Baltimore, MD
• Supported 1,000 direct sensing projects
• 45 out of 50 states including Hawaii
• Diverse client base
• 13 years of working in the environmental
services industry with direct sensing tools
• A strong health and safety focus as we’ve
encountered Zero Lost Work Days
© 2012 COLUMBIA Technologies. 2
© 2011 COLUMBIA Technologies.
U.S. Industry Resources
American Petroleum
Institute (API)
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American Society for
Testing and Materials (ASTM)
Association for Environmental
Health and Sciences (AEHS)
Contaminated Site Clean-Up
Information (CLU-IN)
Interstate Technology
Regulatory Council (ITRC)
National Ground Water Association (NGWA)
United States Environmental
Protection Agency (USEPA)
Sustainable Remediation
Forum (SURF)
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International Footprint
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www.columbiatechnologies.br.com
www.columbiatechnologies.com
www.columbiatechnologies.co
www.columbiatechnologies.mx
© 2011 COLUMBIA Technologies. 5
Multiple systems moving
from project to
project
“On-Call” Service in North America
linked via SmartData Network
gies. © 2012 COLUMBIA Technologies.
Our Business Approach
© 2011 COLUMBIA Technologies. © 2012 COLUMBIA Technologies.
SmartData Solutions® Provides:
• Real Time Information
• Secure Cloud Platform
• Quality Assurance
• Collaboration
• Data Gap Analysis
• Global Reach
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Customer Profile
Military / Space • Boeing • Lockheed Martin • Northrop Grumman • Honeywell • NASA
Industrial / Power • General Electric • Siemens • Emerson Electric • Otis Elevator
Auto / Transport • General Motors • Caterpillar • Ford • CSX • Behr • Norfolk Southern • Burlington Northern
Petro / Chemical • DuPont Global • DOW • Rohm & Haas • FMC • ExxonMobil • Chevron • BP
Defense • Navy Facilities
Engineering • U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers • Air Force Center for
Environmental Excellence
• Air National Guard
Tier One Site Owners benefit tremendously from SmartData Solutions®
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26
40
8
7
9
DoD Petroleum Industrial Federal Real Estate State/Local
Site Owners by Industry, 2010
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© 2011 COLUMBIA Technologies.
COLUMBIA Supported Projects
(IL, IN, IA, KS, KY, MI, MN, MO, NE, ND, OH, SD and WI)
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© 2011 COLUMBIA Technologies.
COLUMBIA Supported Indiana Projects
• Lafayette, IN – LIF (September 2012) – IWM Consulting Group • Evansville, IN – MIP (April 2012) – Acuity Environmental • Anderson, IN – LIF (April 2012) – IWM Consulting Group • Terra Haute, IN – MIP (March 2011) – Specialty Earth Sciences • Indianapolis, IN – MIP (August 2010) – IWM Consulting Group • Hagerstown, IN – MIP (July 2010) – AECOM • Angola, IN – MIP (May 2010) – TRC (RMT) • Kokomo, IN – MIP (March 2010) – CH2M HILL • Syracuse, IN – MIP (July 2008) – TRC (RMT) • Princeton, IN – MIP (November 2007) – Stantec (Secor Intl.) • Bloomington, IN – MIP (February 2005) – EnSafe
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© 2011 COLUMBIA Technologies.
COLUMBIA Supported Indiana Projects
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© 2011 COLUMBIA Technologies.
Our 3 Core Principles
Three basic assumptions or principles we have in mind when deploying high resolution direct sensing tools with as near real time decision-making information:
1. The consumer of our services is firmly motivated in knowing the size, shape, and type of contaminant mass and soil structure.
2. They believe better information will reduce the uncertainty, risk, and the cost of gaining that knowledge, and
3. They believe that being approximately correct with a huge data set is far better than being precisely wrong with a limited data set.
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© 2011 COLUMBIA Technologies.
SmartData Solutions®
Pro Services
Advanced Hi-Res 3D Sensors
Real-Time Analytics
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FAST HIGH RESOLUTION DATA
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U.S. industry spends over $1 BILLION each day assessing,
remediation, and making decisions on information that is incomplete, inaccurate, and too
late.
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80% of the errors, waste, and
resources is spent on the wrong and insufficient samples.
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Why?
© 2011 COLUMBIA Technologies.
Cycle Time = Years
Traditional Methods Office Repeat
Repeat
Data
Gaps Reports Map Sample Drill
Data
Gaps Reports Map
Data
Evaluation Lab Sample Drill
Reports Map Data
Evaluation Lab Sample Drill
Data
Evaluation Lab
Fieldwork
Remobilization
Remobilization Repeat
Data
Gaps
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© 2011 COLUMBIA Technologies. 17 © 2012 COLUMBIA Technologies.
Why High Resolution Site Characterization (HRSC)?
3-10x return on cleanup and closure
cost through HRSC
Remember – it’s better to be approximately correct than precisely wrong about your data and your site.
© 2011 COLUMBIA Technologies.
© 2011 COLUMBIA Technologies.
Integration of Multiple Hi Res Tools
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1. Isolate and Refine the
Source Area
2. D
eter
min
e
zo
nes
of
pe
rmea
bili
ty
3. Sample to confirm mass and
contaminant ID
© 2011 COLUMBIA Technologies.
High Resolution Vertical Profiling Systems
Method Target Data MIP (Membrane Interface Probe) Volatile Organic Compounds
(Dissolved phase petroleum and/or Solvents > 100 ug/L)
LIF (Laser Induced Fluorescence) LNAPL/Residual phase petroleum Light (gasoline, diesel, kerosene, jet fuel, etc.)
HPT (Hydraulic Profiling Tool) Soil hydraulics (pore pressure, soil permeability)
EC (Electrical Conductivity) Soil characteristic
Discrete Groundwater Profiling Short, discrete screen interval (0.2 – 1.0 meter)
Volatile Organic Compounds (Dissolved phase petroleum and/or Solvents)
Onsite Laboratory Analyses Rapid Laboratory grade gas chromatography
Volatile Organic Compounds (Dissolved phase petroleum and/or Solvents 5-100 ug/L)
NELAC Certified Mobile Labs Comprehensive, onsite testing capabilities
Volatiles, PAHs, Pesticides, PCBs, Metals, & Explosives (Using GC and GC/MS, ICP/MS, AA, XRF, and LC/MS/MS)
Real Time Data Management Mapping and vertical profile charts
Quality Assurance and Decision Making Results presented via Internet in real time
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© 2011 COLUMBIA Technologies.
Definition of High Resolution Direct Sensing Tools
• Tools that can provide a lot of data points in a limited period of time
• Operate with as consistent of a measurement process as possible
• Are accurate in the measurement of depth beneath the surface
• Evaluate soil stratigraphy AND contaminant distribution
• Preferably do not require the retrieval of a sample of soil, water, or vapor – a process that introduces a different range of variables and therefore uncertainty
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© 2011 COLUMBIA Technologies.
• New Direct Sensing Vans • Dual rod racks for MIP and LIF • Client office facilities • Real time Data • 2D/3D visualizations
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© 2011 COLUMBIA Technologies.
Depth Detector
Direct Push Drilling Rig with Membrane Interface Probe for VOCs
MIP Transfer
Line
Drill Rods
Electrical Generator
(self sufficient)
Ultra Pure Compressed Gases
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Strong Focus on Health and Safety
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© 2011 COLUMBIA Technologies.
Sample MIP Log
Membrane Interface Probe (MIP)
Ideal Compounds: - Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) - Dissolved Phase Petroleum
Production Rates: 150-175 feet bgs per day *Integrated Electrical Conductivity for Soil Characteristics
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© 2011 COLUMBIA Technologies.
Depth Detector
Direct Push Drilling Rig with Membrane Interface Probe for VOCs
MIP Transfer
Line
Drill Rods
Electrical Generator
(self sufficient)
Ultra Pure Compressed Gases
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© 2011 COLUMBIA Technologies.
MIP Limitations
• Petroleum ~ 1 ppm
• Chlorinated ~ 200 ppb
• w/ Boiling point < 120◦C (250◦F)
• Vapor pressure
• Low solubility in water
• Detector sensitivity
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You can see this
stuff happening
in high resolution!
Dry Cleaner
Gas Station
Vapor Intrusion
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Mapping Solvent Contamination in Drinking Water Aquifer
Determine where to screen your wells
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© 2011 COLUMBIA Technologies.
Sample LIF Log
Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) UltraVoilet Optical Screening Tool®(UVOST®)
Ideal Compounds: - Free Product/Residual Phase Petroleum Hydrocarbons
Production Rates: 200-250 feet bgs per day
Compound Waveforms
Depth
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© 2011 COLUMBIA Technologies.
UVOST® detects residual-phase materials containing PAHs
Using UV excitation we can detect: • Gasoline (highly weathered or aviation gas fluorescence yield is very low)
• Diesel and jet fuel; kerosene • Motor oil and cutting Fluids • Hydraulic fluid • Crude oil
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© 2011 COLUMBIA Technologies.
UVOST® for Various NAPLs
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UVOST® Critical
Elements – Calibration & reference
checks – The type of NAPL – Speed of the push – Matrix conditions – The shape of the
waveform – Data presentation
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Separate and different types of petroleum identified
by LIF-UVOST®
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$$ of Monitoring
Wells
NA
PL D
istribu
tion
Laser Mapping of Petroleum Pipeline Leakage
Cost-effectively characterize Contaminated sites
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© 2011 COLUMBIA Technologies.
Sample HPT Log
Hydraulic Profiling Tool (HPT)
Ideal Application: - Determine migration pathways, remediation injection regions, and placements for monitoring wells Production Rates: 200 feet bgs per day *Integrated Electrical Conductivity for Soil Characteristics
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© 2011 COLUMBIA Technologies.
Sample MiHpt Log
Membrane Interface Probe-Hydraulic Profiling Tool (MiHpt)
Combined MIP-HPT Probe – multiple lines of evidence in the same push! - Contaminant distribution of VOCs - Measurements of EC - HPT injection pressure Production Rates: 150-200 feet bgs per day
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© 2011 COLUMBIA Technologies.
0 2 3 5 6 8 9 11 12 14 15 17 18 20 21
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
Depth (meters)
Pre
ssu
re /
Flo
w
Pressure Flow
HD Hydraulic Profile Parameters Max Press + Low Flow
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Aquitard is Key to Site Dynamics
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0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
0 2 3 5 6 8 9 11 12 14 15 17 18 20 21
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
Soil
Co
nd
uct
ivit
y
Depth (meters)
Pre
ssu
re /
Flo
w
Pressure
Flow
Soil Elect Conductivity
HPT - Multiple Lines of Evidence
Not All “Clays” Are Aquitards
High EC Indicates Tight Grains But Flow is Constant
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© 2011 COLUMBIA Technologies.
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
0.00E+00
2.00E+04
4.00E+04
6.00E+04
8.00E+04
1.00E+05
1.20E+05
1.40E+05
1.60E+05
1.80E+05
0 2 3 5 6 8 9 11 12 14 15 17 18 20 21
Co
rre
cte
d P
ress
ure
De
tect
or
Re
spo
nse
(m
icro
volt
s)
Depth (meters)
Pressure
FID
Combination of HPT + MIP
Contaminants Moving in Low Pressure Regions
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© 2011 COLUMBIA Technologies.
Comparison of 8 Effective K Measurements to 10 Conventional Pump Tests
Potentially Better and More Info For Lower Cost
Average K-Value calculated from Slug Test Results in 10 monitoring wells from the 11-14 meter screened interval 1.5 x 10-3 cm/sec compared to 2.6 x 10-3 cm/sec for HPT
• Consider the cost of well installation and pump tests. • Consider the challenge of isolating individual flow regions. • Consider the impact on site dynamics and remediation costs if you don’t.
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© 2011 COLUMBIA Technologies.
Classic “shark fin” Evidence of dissolved phase on lower edge? Supported by high pressure – low flow zone beneath
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Notice the quick < 6” transition from high pressure-no flow to low-high flow and correlation to “shark fin”
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HPT and MIP Response Show Where to Sample and
Screen Your Well
0.00E+00
2.00E+06
4.00E+06
6.00E+06
8.00E+06
1.00E+07
1.20E+07
1.40E+07
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
Press
ECD
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Discrete Groundwater Profiler with Onsite VOC Analyses
Ideal Application:
- Analytical screening method for VOCs associated with solvents and fuels
- Detection Limits:
• 5 ppb in GW
• 50 ppb in soils
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© 2011 COLUMBIA Technologies. 45 © 2012 COLUMBIA Technologies.
PCE Plume Pre-Remedial Injection
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PCE Plume Post-Remedial Injection
Effective Remediation Requires Knowing Where the Target Is
© 2011 COLUMBIA Technologies.
WHY Real Time? QA, Visibility, Control & Risk Management
Day 1
SAVINGS GOES UP UNCERTAINTY GOES
DOWN
Day 2 Day 3 Day 4
47 © 2012 COLUMBIA Technologies.
© 2011 COLUMBIA Technologies.
Thank You!
Questions?
www.columbiatechnologies.com
48 © 2012 COLUMBIA Technologies.