SPOTTED HORSES AND HUMAN HANDSPech-Merle Cave. Dordogne, France. Horses 25,000-24,000 BCE; hands c. 15,000 BCE.

Paint on limestone, individual horses over 5' (1.5 m) in length. [Fig. 01-01]

RAINBOW SERPENT ROCKWestern Arnhem Land, Australia. [Fig. 01-02]

PREHISTORIC EUROPE[Map 01-01]

PALEOLITHIC HAND-AXEFrom Isimila Korongo, Tanzania. 60,000 years ago.

Stone, height 10" (25.4 cm). [Fig. 01-03]

DECORATED OCHERFrom Blombos Cave, southern Cape coast, South Africa.

75,000 years ago. [Fig. 01-04]

RECONSTRUCTION DRAWING OF MAMMOTH-BONE HOUSESUkraine. c. 16,000-10,000 BCE. [Fig. 01-05]

LION-HUMANFrom Hohlenstein-Stadel, Germany. c. 30,000-26,000 BCE.

Mammoth ivory, height 11-5/8" (29.6 cm).Ulmer Museum, Ulm, Germany. [Fig. 01-06]

WOMAN FROM WILLENDORFAustria. c. 24,000 BCE. Limestone, height 4-3/8" (11 cm).

Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna. [Fig. 01-07]

WOMAN FROM DOLNÍ VĔSTONICEMoravia, Czech Republic. 23,000 BCE.

Fired clay, 4-1/4" × 1-7/10" (11 × 4.3 cm).Moravske Museum, Brno, Czech Republic. [Fig. 01-08]

WOMAN FROM BRASSEMPOUYGrotte du Pape, Brassempouy, Landes, France. Probably c. 30,000 BCE.

Ivory, height 1-1/4" (3.6 cm).Musée des Antiquités Nationales, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France. [Fig. 01-09]

TECHNIQUE: Prehistoric Wall Painting

WALL PAINTING WITH HORSES, RHINOCEROSES, AND AUROCHSChauvet Cave. Vallon-Pont-d'Arc, Ardèche Gorge, France.

c. 32,000-30,000 BCE. Paint on limestone. [Fig. 01-10]

HALL OF BULLSLascaux Cave. Dordogne, France. c. 15,000 BCE.

Paint on limestone, length of largest auroch (bull) 18' (5.50 m). [Fig. 01-11]

BIRD-HEADED MAN WITH BISONShaft scene in Lascaux Cave. c. 15,000 BCE.

Paint on limestone, length approx. 9' (2.75 m). [Fig. 01-12]

BISONCeiling of a cave at Altamira, Spain. c. 12,500 BCE.

Paint on limestone, length approx. 8'3" (2.5 m). [Fig. 01-13]

BISONLe Tuc d'Audoubert, France. c. 13,000 BCE.

Unbaked clay, length 25" (63.5 cm) and 24" (60.9 cm). [Fig. 01-14]

RECONSTRUCTION drawing OF LEPENSKI VIR HOUSE/SHRINESerbia. 6000 BCE. [Fig. 01-15]

HUMAN-FISH SCULPTUREFrom Lepenski Vir, Serbia. c. 6300-5500 BCE. [Fig. 01-16]

MEN TAUNTING A DEER (?)Detail of a wall painting from Çatalhöyük, Turkey. c. 6000 BCE.Museum of Anatolian Civilization, Ankara, Turkey. [Fig. 01-17]

A CLOSER LOOK: A House in ÇatalhöyükReconstruction drawing. Turkey. 7400-6200 BCE.

SESKLO STONE-FOUNDATION HOUSESesklo, northern Greece. 6500 BCE. [Fig. 01-18]

TOMB INTERIOR WITH CORBELING AND ENGRAVED STONESNewgrange, Ireland. c. 3000-2500 BCE. [Fig. 01-19]

STONEHENGE FROM THE AIRSalisbury Plain, Wiltshire, England. c. 2900-1500 BCE. [Fig. 01-20]

STONEHENGE FROM THE GROUND [Fig. 01-21]

ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE: Early construction methods

PLAN OF STONEHENGE AND ITS SURROUNDING SETTLEMENTS[Fig. 01-22]

RECONSTRUCTION DRAWING OF DURRINGTON WALLSThe settlement at Durrington Walls, near Stonehenge, southern England. 2600 BCE.

[Fig. 01-23]

EARLY POTTERY FROM JAPAN'S JOMON CULTURE12,000 BCE. [Fig. 01-24]

EARLY POTTERY FROM THE FRANCHTHI CAVE, GREECE6500 BCE. [Fig. 01-25]

FIGURES OF A WOMAN AND A MANFrom Cernavodă, Romania. c. 4500 BCE. Ceramic, height 4-1/2" (11.5 cm).

National History Museum, Bucharest. [Fig. 01-26]

FIGURES OF A WOMAN AND A MANFrom Cernavodă, Romania. c. 4500 BCE. Ceramic, height 4-1/2" (11.5 cm).

National History Museum, Bucharest.G70 [Fig. 01-26]

HUMAN FIGUREFrom 'Ain Ghazal, Jordan. 6500 BCE.

Fired lime plaster with cowrie shell, bitumen, and paint, height approx. 35" (90 cm).National Museum, Amman, Jordan. [Fig. 01-27]

GOLD-ADORNED FACE MASKFrom Tomb 3, Varna I, Bulgaria. Neolithic, 3800 BCE.

Terra cotta and gold. Archaeological Museum, Plovdiv, Bulgaria. [Fig. 01-28]

GOLD SCEPTERSFrom Varna, Bulgaria. 3800 BCE.

National Museum of History, Sofia, Bulgaria. [Fig. 01-29]

ROCK ART: BOAT AND SEA BATTLEFossum, northern Bohuslän, Sweden.

Bronze Age, c. 1500-500 BCE. [Fig. 01-30]